中考英语复习-第一部分-教材知识梳理-九全-Unit-13-14P

九年级(全)Unit13-14第1页重点单词1.litterv.乱扔n.垃圾;废弃物2.bottomn.底部;最下部3.fishermann.渔民;钓鱼人fishn.鱼v.打鱼;钓鱼4.uglyadj.丑陋,难看5.advantagen.优点;有利条件disadvantage(反义词)n.缺点;不利条件6.costv.花费n.花费;价钱cost(过去式/过去分词)7.woodenadj.木制;木头woodn.木头;木材8.plasticadj.塑料n.塑料9.crueladj.残酷;残忍10.harmfuladj.有害

harmless(反义词)adj.无害

harmn./v.危害;伤害第2页11.reusableadj.可重复使用usableadj.可用12.lawn.法律;法规lawyern.律师13.scientificadj.科学sciencen.科学scientistn.科学家14.affordv.负担得起;买得起15.recyclev.回收利用;再利用cyclen./v.循环16.presidentn.责任人;主席;总统17.creativityn.创造力creativeadj.有创造力18.surveyn.调查19.standardn.标准,水平20.graduatev.毕业graduationn.毕业21.caringadj.体贴人;关心他人carev./n.关心;照料22.methodn.方法;办法23.instructionn.指示;命令instructv.指示;命令24.doublev.加倍;是……两倍adj.两倍,加倍25.gentlemann.绅士gentlemen(复数)第3页26.overcomev.克服;战胜overcame(过去式)overcome(过去分词)27.lastlyadv.最终lastadj.最终

v.连续28.degreen.(大学)学位;度数29.managern.经理;经营者managev.管理;经营managementn.管理;经营30.congratulatev.祝贺congratulationn.祝贺,恭贺31.thirstyadj.渴望;口渴32.thankfuladj.感激,感激thankv./n.感激,感激33.taskn.任务,工作34.aheadadv.向前面;在前面35.separateadj.单独;分离v.分开,分离36.wingn.翅膀,翼37.industryn.工业;行业38.metaln.金属39.senioradj.级别(或地位)高40.responsibleadj.有责任心第4页重点短语1.beharmfulto对……有害

2.atthetopof在……顶部

3.takepartin参加

4.turnoff关掉

5.payfor付费;付出代价

6.takeaction采取行动

7.throwaway扔掉;抛弃

8.putsth.togooduse好好利用某物

9.pull...down拆下;摧毁

10.bringback恢复;使想起;偿还

11.inarow连续几次地

12.lookbackat回首,回想,回顾

13.makeamess弄得一团糟

14.keepone’scool沉住气,保持冷静

15.goby(时间)逝去;过去

16.believein信任,信赖

17.firstofall首先

18.bethirstyfor渴望,渴求

19.bethankfultosb.对某人心存感激

20.aheadof在……前面

21.alongwith连同;除……以外还

22.setout出发,启程

第5页23.separatefrom分离;隔开

24.cutdown砍倒25.cutoff砍掉26.thenumberof……数目27.workout算出28.sofar到当前为止29.befullof装满;充满30.makeone’sownchoice自己做选择31.growup成长;长大32.makeadifference产生影响33.bepatientwith对……有耐心34.congratulatesb.onsth.为某事祝贺某人35.upsidedown上下颠倒,倒转36.atthebottomof在……底部37.beresponsiblefor对……负责38.leadto造成第6页第7页第8页单元高频词汇训练

Ⅰ.依据首字母及汉语提醒填空1.Mrs.Jonescan’tstandthepeoplewhoarecruel(残忍)toanimals.2.Sorry,I’msobusythisafternoonthatIcan’tafford(抽出)timetogohiking.3.Heisveryinterestedinthewooden(木制)boat.4.Somepeoplearethrowingsomanyplastic(塑料)bagsintheriver.5.Peoplearealsolittering(乱扔)inpublicplaceslikeparksandzoos.6.Therobotscanfollowtheinstructions(指令)theyreceive.7.Youshouldhavetoldmeahead(提前)oftime.8.Wemuststudyinascientific(科学)way.第9页Ⅱ.用括号中所给词适当形式填空1.Eatingjunkfoodtoomuchisveryharmful(harm)forbothourbodyandmind.2.Heovercame(overcome)manydifficultiesandfinallybecamealawyer.第10页重点句型重点单词考点1

afford使用方法

Yes,wecan’taffordtowaitanylongertotakeaction!是,我们不能再等了,要采取行动了!(P100)1.afford意为“买得起,(经济上)担负得起”,后面直接接名词或动词不定式作宾语,常和情态动词can或beableto连用。比如:1)Hecanaffordtheapartment.他能买得起这套公寓。2)Wecan’taffordtobuysuchanexpensivecar.我们买不起这么昂贵汽车。2.afford意为“抽出,放弃,丢下”,后面直接接表示时间名词作宾语。比如:1)Ican’taffordanhourforlunch.我抽不出一小时吃午饭。2)Ican’taffordthreeweeksawayfromwork.我无法丢下工作三星期。3.afford意为“提供,给予”,此时能够接双宾语。惯用短语affordsb.sth.=affordsth.tosb.“给某人提供某物”。比如:CanyouaffordmeajobwhenIgetthere我到那里后你能给我提供一份工作吗第11页重点句型重点单词(1)他买不起汽车。误:He

doesn’t

afford

(to

have)

a

car.正:He

can’t

afford

(to

have)

a

car.析:afford通常要与can,be

able

to

连用。(2)那样东西许多人能够买得起。误:Such

things

can

be

afforded

by

many

people.正:Many

people

can

afford

such

things.析:afford不能用于被动语态。(3)我想请人把我汽车修一下,因为我买不起新车。误:I

want

to

get

my

car

repaired

because

I

can’t

afford

the

money

for

a

new

one.正:I

want

to

get

my

car

repaired

because

I

can’t

afford

(to

buy)

a

new

one.析:afford可用于金钱方面,但通常不直接以金钱作宾语。第12页重点句型重点单词◆活学活用(·淮北一中模拟)Heissobusythathecan

justanhourtohavedinnerwithuswhilewevisithiscity.

A.save B.support C.afford D.spend【解析】考查动词。句意:他很忙以至于我们在他所在城市参观时他只能抽出一个小时和我们共进晚餐。save“节约”;support“支持”;afford“抽出”;spend“花费”。【答案】C第13页重点句型重点单词考点2

forget使用方法

As

you

set

out

on

your

new

journey,you

shouldn’t

forget

where

you

came

from.当你踏上新旅程时,不要忘记你来自哪里。(P110)第14页重点句型重点单词第15页重点句型重点单词◆活学活用用所给词适当形式填空IthoughtIforgottaking(take)mykey,butinfacttheywereinmybag.【解析】考查非谓语动词。既然钥匙在“我”包里,说明“我”忘了自己做过“带钥匙”这件事,故填taking。第16页重点句型重点单词考点3

辨析separate和divideIt

is

always

hard

to

separate

from

those

whom

you

have

spent

so

much

time

with

for

the

past

three

years.和在过去三年里与你朝夕相处那些人分别通常是极难。(P111)1.separate常与from连用,separate...from...表示“将……与……分开”,指把原来连在一起或靠近部分分隔开来,被分隔对象没有任何统一性。比如:1)Thispatientshouldbeseparatedfromtheothers.这个病人应该同其它病人隔离。2)Thetwocountriesareseparatedbyariver.这两个国家被一条河隔开。2.divide常与into连用,o...表示“把……分成……”,往往是指把某个整块分割为若干部分,被分开对象在一定条件下含有一定统一性。比如:1)Thecakeistoolarge.Weshallhavetodivideit.这个蛋糕太大了,我们应该分了它。2)Ayearisdividedintofourseasons.一年分为四季。第17页重点句型重点单词◆活学活用(·淮南19中模拟)Tokeepplayerssafe,policemen

themfromcrazyfans.

A.contact B.separate C.divide D.leave【解析】考查动词。句意:为了确保运动员安全,警察把他们和疯狂球迷隔离开来。contact“联络,接触”;separate“隔离,分开”,常与from连用;divide指把一个整体分割成若干部分,常与into连用;leave“离开”。【答案】B第18页重点句型重点单词考点4

look

like使用方法

Some

are

large

pieces

that

look

like

animals

or

humans...有些是看起来像动物或人大件作品……(P102)1.意为“看起来与(某人或某物)相像,相同”。比如:1)Helookslikeadoctor.他看上去像个医生。2)Thesehouseslooklikeeachother,whichmakesthestreetlookverydull.这些房屋外观相同,使得整条街道显得十分呆板。2.意为“很可能出现或引发(某事)”。比如:1)Itlookslikerain.Let’sstartforhome.像是要下雨了。咱们回家吧!2)Thepartylookslikebeingasuccessafterall.不论怎么说这次聚会看起来是成功。第19页重点句型重点单词辨析looklike,takeafter与belike(1)looklike表示“看上去像”,既可指人也可指物,但只能指外表。比如:Themanlookslikeourheadmaster.那个人看起来像我们校长。Thephotodoesn’tlooklikeheratall.那张照片看上去一点儿也不像她。(2)takeafter表示“长得像,行为、性格等像”,尤其指像自己长辈,多用在有血缘关系亲子之间,用于外貌,也能用在性格、脾气这些内在特质上。意思等同于besimilarto。比如:Maryreallytakesafterhermother.玛丽确实长得像她妈妈。(3)belike则是指“品德、相貌等像什么样”。比如:—Whatishelike他是个什么样人—Heiskind.他很善良。第20页重点句型重点单词◆活学活用Thoughhe

hisfather,tallandthin,he

hismother,quietandsmart.

A.looksafter;takesafterB.lookslike;takeslikeC.lookslike;takesafterD.looksafter;takeslike【解析】考查动词短语。look

like

多指外表像,take

after

多指性格、品行像。【答案】C第21页1.(·安徽第39题)Astime

,you’llcometothinkofEnglishasyourfriendandloveit.(A)

A.goesby B.runsoutC.takesoff D.turnsup2.(·安徽第50题)—I’mgoingtoapartyonThursdaynightatJimmy’shouse.—

!You’llhavetwotestsatschoolonFriday.(D)

A.It’seasytosayso B.That’sexcitingC.Enjoyyourself D.Youcan’tbeserious第22页1.Theycouldn’taffordabighouserightnow.(A)

A.tobuy B.buying C.buy D.bought2.Afteralongjourney,theygottothetopofthemountain.(B)

A.attheend B.intheendC.bytheend D.fromtheend3.—Ifyoulose12times,willyoujustgiveup

—No,never.Iwillkeeponworkinghard.(C)A.indetail B.inadditionC.inall D.inarow4.—Yourskirtlookssoniceonyou.Howmuchdoesit

—Ijustfiftyyuanonit.(B)

A.cost;pay B.cost;spendC.pay;cost D.take;spend第23页5.—WouldyoupleaseseethefilmIronMan3withmetonight,Kate—I’dloveto,butI’veLinda’sinvitationtodinner.(D)

A.suffered B.earnedC.received D.accepted6.Themiddleexamisthreeparts.Ifyouwanttogetagoodscore,youmuststudyhard.(A)

A.dividedinto B.separatedfromC.dividedby D.separatedwith7.theteachersintheirschoolisabout200andonefourthofthemareteachers.(C)

A.Anumberof;womenB.Anumberof;womanC.Thenumberof;womenD.Thenumberof;woman第24页8.—Watsonisalwayspatienttofaceanykindofdifficulty.—Soheis,andhehismother.(D)

A.lookslike B.soundslikeC.feelslike D.takesafter9.Bobhasmadealotofpromises,butofthemhavebeencarriedout.(A)

A.none B.eachC.either D.neither10.—Haveyoubeenwastingtimeoncartoonsagain—.I’vebeenworkingallthetimeandIneedabreak.(C)

A.Icouldn’tagreemoreB.NowayC.NotreallyD.That’sallright第25页环境保护分析近几年安徽及其它各地中考与环境保护话题相关书面表示可知,其命题思绪多为谈论生活中污染问题及怎样进行环境保护。写作时,考生应主要从保护环境主要性、保护环境办法及号召大家一起行动来爱护环境等几个方面组织语言。第26页【词汇积累】duty义务,职责protect保护air空气 clean洁净hope希望 believe相信environment环境 helpful有帮助plantthetrees种树 turnoffthelights关灯bybike骑自行车 pickuprubbish捡垃圾doexercise做运动 recyclepaper回收纸greenlife绿色生活water-savinghabit节水习惯userecycledpaper使用再生纸befriendlytotheenvironment对环境友好第27页【句式训练】英汉互译1.这儿河流以前很洁净。Theriverhereusedtobeveryclean.

2.我们能够利用废弃物来制作很多东西。Wecanmakealotofthingsoutofrubbish.

3.我们应该骑车或步行而不是开车去上班。Weshouldrideabikeorwalkinsteadofdrivingtowork.

4.Noscientificstudieshaveshownthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.没有科学研究证实鱼翅有益于健康。

5.Thenumberoffamiliesthatowncarshasbeengrowingquicklyrecently.最近拥有轿车家庭数量增加很快。

第28页【语段训练】保护环境依据提醒,将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。1.众所周知,我们身边环境正变得越来越糟糕。(asweknow;getworseandworse)2.有些化学工厂总