2025届中考英语复习课件（外研版广西专用）02-一、词类-专题一 名词

词类用法例词名词（n.）表示人或事物的名称pencil，people，fruit，tennis动词（v.）表示动作或状态be（am，is，are），have，like形容词（adj.）用于修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的特征happy，red，difficult，busy词类用法例词副词（adv.）用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子always，happily代词（pron.）用于代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句或句子等we，that，hers，what续表词类用法例词介词（prep.）表示名词、代词等与句中其他词的关系in，on，under，of冠词（art.）用于名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物a，an，the续表词类用法例词数词（num.）表示数量或顺序six，thirteen，first，twentieth连词（conj.）用于连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句and，or，but，because，when续表第二部分

语法知识精讲练一、词类专题一

名词知识必备

名词的位置及其常见的句法功能句法功能位置例句作主语句首The

dress

belongs

to

me.作宾语动词后I

bought

this

dress.介词后I’m

interested

in

music.作表语系动词后I

am

a

student.作定语名词前We

are

discussing

the

population

problem.句法功能位置例句作同位语名词（短语）或代词后Jack，my

good

friend，is

very

kind.作宾语补足语名词（短语）或代词后We

call

them

mooncakes.续表考点1

名词词义辨析（单项选择：6年6考；完形填空：6年14考）

解答名词词义辨析类试题时，首先要明确各个名词的含义，然后分析语境，找出关键词或前后的逻辑关系，确定正确答案。熟记各个名词的含义是正确解答此类试题的关键。真题探究（2024广西32题）Jimmy

likes

reading，so

he

often

goes

to

the

bookstore

to

buy

some

___.CA.

rulers

B.

bags

C.

books【方法点拨】第①步：分析语境：吉米喜欢阅读，所以他经常去书店买____；第②步：分析选项：rulers

尺子；bags

包；books

书；第③步：根据likes

reading和bookstore可知吉米应该经常去书店买书，books符合语境。1.（2023广西34题）My

mother

is

a

________

in

Zhongshan

Hospital.

She

has

saved

many

people’s

lives.(

)

BA.

singer

B.

doctor

C.

writer2.（2022北部湾经济区34题）—Mary，how

about

going

to

the

________?—Good

idea.

We

can

read

lots

of

books

there.(

)

BA.

cinema

B.

library

C.

hospital3.（2021北部湾经济区33题改编）—What’s

your

favourite

sport?—I

like

________.(

)

CA.

maths

B.

spring

C.

tennis4.（2020北部湾经济区32题改编）—Which

fruit

do

you

like?—I

like

________

.(

)

BA.

stamps

B.

apples

C.

eggs5.（2019北部湾经济区34题改编）In

China，the

color

red

is

the

________

of

good

luck.(

)

CA.

dream

B.

way

C.

symbol6.（2024牡丹江）You

can

have

a

better

understanding

of

Chinese

________

by

learning

about

Chinese

clay

art.(

)

CA.

dream

B.

courage

C.

culture7.（2024福建）It

is

a

good

________

to

do

some

reading

before

you

go

to

bed

every

day.(

)

AA.

habit

B.

excuse

C.

result8.（2024江西改编）I

like

acting

and

I’m

in

the

________

group

at

school.(

)

AA.

theater

B.

chess

C.

speech9.（2024长春改编）My

birthday

________

is

a

toy

panda.

It’s

from

my

grandma.(

)

CA.

trip

B.

month

C.

gift10.（2024钦州三模）—I

like

the

________

named

The

World

of

English

very

much.—Me，too.

I

have

read

it

for

many

years.(

)

BA.

program

B.

magazine

C.

movie11.—What

________

did

the

young

man

learn?—Never

stop

learning，even

after

college.(

)

CA.

tradition

B.

service

C.

lesson12.—How

is

the

________

outside?—It

is

raining.

You

need

to

take

an

umbrella.(

)

BA.

traffic

B.

weather

C.

food13.—The

movie

is

popular

with

the

students.

Do

you

know

the

________?—It

tells

the

real

life

of

the

students.(

)

BA.

result

B.

reason

C.

choice14.—What

is

the

________

to

your

excellent

spoken

English?—Practice

makes

perfect!(

)

AA.

secret

B.

idea

C.

ability15.—Could

you

tell

me

the

________

of

making

such

a

beautiful

kite?—Well，Dad

helped

me

make

it.(

)

BA.

time

B.

method

C.

cost16.—Would

you

like

some

________?—No，thanks.

I’m

not

hungry

at

all.(

)

BA.

water

B.

bread

C.

pictures17.Linda

is

excited

about

the

________

to

the

concert.

She

really

loves

piano

pieces.(

)

AA.

ticket

B.

dream

C.

story考点2

名词的数（2023-2024选词填空：可数名词单数3次，可数名词复数2次）►可数名词与不可数名词

类别定义特点可数名词能用数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或物1.有单数和复数两种形式，如：desk→desks；2.前面可用基数词、不定冠词（a/an）及many等词修饰，如：three

boys，an

apple，many

students；类别定义特点可数名词能用数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或物3.只修饰可数名词的修饰语：a/an一个

this

这个

that

那个

these这些

those

那些

every/each

每个another另一个any

other

其他任何一个many（a）

很多quite

a

few很多

few几乎没有a

few一些；几个

a

couple

of两个

a

pair

of

一双several几个a

number

of若干；许多续表类别定义特点不可数名词不能用数目来计算，不可以分成个体的东西1.没有复数形式，如：tea，courage；2.不可以被基数词或不定冠词（a/an）直接修饰；3.只修饰不可数名词的修饰语：little几乎没有

a

little少量

a

bit

of有一点儿much很多a

great

deal

of很多a

large

amount

of大量的续表拓展：1.有一些修饰语既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词，常见的有：some一些

a

lot

of很多

lots

of很多

plenty

of充足的most大多数

all全部

the

rest

of剩下的2.不可数名词的量化表达具体的量数词/a/an+表数量的名词+of+不可数名词，如：two

pieces

of

paper大概的量表示数量的限定词（some，much，a

little/little，a

lot

of/lots

of，plenty

of等）+不可数名词，如：some

water；

a

little

money3.有一些名词既可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词，但含义不同，常见的有：名词可数不可数名词可数不可数chicken鸡鸡肉orange橙子橙汁exercise练习题；操锻炼radio收音机无线电传送experience经历经验room房间空间名词可数不可数名词可数不可数glass玻璃杯玻璃time次数；倍数时间life生命；一生（泛指）生物wood树林木头；木材light电灯光；光线work作品工作续表►可数名词单数变复数的变化表

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，在表示大于1的数量时，名词需用复数形式。1.规则变化情况构成方法示例一般情况加-ssign→signs

goal→goals以字母s，x，sh，ch等结尾的词加-esclass→classes

box→boxes

brush→brushes

watch→watches特例：stomach→stomachs

month→months情况构成方法示例以y结尾的词元音字母加y：加-skey→keys

monkey→monkeys

holiday→holidays辅音字母加y：先变y为i,再加-esparty→parties

baby→babies

story→stories

family→families续表2.

不规则变化构成方法示例元音字母发生变化改a为e型man→menwoman→women特例：German→Germanshuman→humans构成方法示例元音字母发生变化改oo

为ee型foot→feet

tooth→teeth单复数同形sheep→sheep续表构成方法示例合成词将主体词变为复数passer-by→passers-by表示“……国人”单复数同形Chinese→Chinese

Japanese→Japanese词尾加-sGerman→Germans

American→Americans变man为menEnglishman→Englishmen

Frenchman→Frenchmen其他特殊形式mouse（老鼠）→mice

child→children续表►集合名词集合名词常分为以下两类：1.形式为单数，但意义可以为单数或复数，如：family，team，group，class，government，army，audience等。当它们作主语时，如果强调一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调集体中的每一个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。2.形式为单数，但意义永远为复数，如：people，police等。这类词只有单数形式，但表示复数意义，不与a/an连用，可与the连用，谓语动词用复数形式。1.My

teacher

gives

me

much

________

on

improving

English

speaking

skills.(

)

CA.

problem

B.

suggestions

C.

advice2.—Do

you

like

________?—Yes，I

like

them

very

much.(

)

AA.

tomatoes

B.

milk

C.

strawberry3.—How

many

________

are

there

on

the

shelf?—Three.(

)

BA.

dictionary

B.

dictionaries

C.

dictionarys4.—What

else

do

we

need

to

make

cold

beef?—________.(

)

CA.

Two

spoons

saltB.

Two

spoons

of

saltsC.

Two

spoons

of

salt5.All

________

received

fresh

flowers

on

Women’s

Day.(

)

CA.

woman

teachers

B.

women

teacher

C.

women

teachers6.I

have

a

happy

family.

My

family

________

nice

to

me.(

)

BA.

is

B.

are

C.

were考点3

名词所有格►’s所有格类别构成方法示例有生命的单数名词加’smy

son’s

pen

Lily’s

friends有生命的复数名词以s结尾加’the

teachers’

office不以s结尾加’swomen’s

work表示几个人共同拥有在最后一个名词后加’sTom

and

Jim’s

room类别构成方法示例表示每个人各自拥有在每个名词后加’sMike’s

and

John’s

desks表示时间、距离、国家等的名词单数加’san

hour’s

walk

China’s

products复数加’five

minutes’

walk续表1.“基数词+连字符+可数名词单数”

一般用作定语修饰名词，它相当于“基数词+名词所有格”。如：a

two-day

trip=a

two

days’

trip两天的旅行。2.在表示“店铺”“某某家”“诊所”“办公室”的名词所有格后，一般省去被修饰的表示地点的名词。如：at

the

doctor’s在医生办公室；go

to

my

uncle’s去我叔叔家。3.

很多节日的表达用’s或s’所有格形式。如：Teachers’

Day教师节；Father’s

Day父亲节。►of所有格

of所有格的构成为：名词+of+名词，常见用法如下：用法示例表示无生命名词的所有关系the

future

of

our

city表示名词化的形容词（the+形容词）的所有关系the

future

of

the

young表示后跟定语的有生命名词的所有关系the

future

of

the

boy

in

red►双重所有格

双重所有格主要表示整体中的一部分，有两种形式：1.of+名词’s，如：a

friend

of

my

father’s2.of+名词性物主代词，如：a

book

of

mine1.________

father

is

a

pilot.

He

has

been

to

many

countries

around

the

world.(

)

AA.

Tony

and

Peter’sB.

Tony’s

and

PeterC.

Tony’s

and

Peter’s2.—Do

you

know

David

is

my

cousin?—Yes，and

I

am

a

friend

of

________.

Nice

to

meet

you.(

)

CA.

he

B.

him

C.

his3.These

________

wish

is

to

improve

the

living

conditions

of

the

local

children.(

)

CA.

officers

B.

officer’s

C.

officers’4.The

online

shop

sells

________

shoes

at

very

low

prices.(

)

CA.

child

and

men’sB.

children

and

men’sC.

children’s

and

men’s专项提升——用名词的适当形式填空（每年2-3道）

中考解读：2023-2024广西中考真题在选词填空中考查用名词的适当形式填空，考查情况如下：

解题技巧：解答此类试题，考生可参考以下步骤：

【注:铺色内容（不可数名词、名词所有格）近2年未考查过,但是不可数名词、名词所有格属于名词常考类,考生在确定符合该语境的词是名词后,若该名词是不可数名词，且作主语、宾语、表语等，填原形；若设空处表示“……的”，应考虑是否填名词所有格】技巧一：如何判断空处应用名词还是名词所有格►用名词的情况1.位于句首，在句中作主语。如：

English

is

my

favorite

subject.。2.位于动词或介词后作宾语。如：He

usually

goes

to

school

by

bike.。3.位于形容词后，在句中作主语、宾语或表语。如：What

an

interesting

book

it

is!。4.位于限定词this，these，those，many，some，any，a

lot

of，every，the等后。如：She

likes

this

skirt

very

much.。5.位于数词后。如：I

am

the

second

son

in

my

family.。6.其他情况：位于系动词后作表语，冠词、形容词性物主代词之后，名词所有格及一些固定搭配中。如：A

boy

is

waiting

for

you

there.。►用名词所有格的情况1.位于名词前，表示“……的（所属关系）”，如：This

is

that

boy’s

book.。2.用于固定搭配，如：

try

one’s

best。3.用于专有名词，如：

Teachers’

Day。技巧二：如何判断符合语境的名词是可数名词还是不可数名词【详见本册P100】技巧三：如何判断可数名词用单数形式还是复数形式►填单数形式的情况1.a/an/this/that/every/each/another/either/one+可数名词单数。2.可数名词单数+be

动词单数形式/谓语动词的单三形式。3.结合上下文语境或者句中对应的提示词。4.专有名词。►填复数形式的情况1.many/some/several/few/a

few/these/those/quite

a

few/a

pair

of/a

couple

of/a（great/large）number

of/different

kinds

of/all

kinds

of等+可数名词复数。2.可数名词复数（主语）+are/were/have/实义动词原形。3.上下文语境或句中对应的提示词，如：them，their。4.通常用复数或只有复数形式的名词：chopsticks，clothes，glasses，scissors，socks，trousers。situation

form

population

suggestion1.Hainan

is

a

beautiful

place

with

a

small

___________.

The

air

there

is

clean

and

clear.2.Body

language

is

a______of

communication.

Shaking

one’s

head

means

disagreement

in

China.populationform3.____________

were

given

to

us

by

the

teacher

on

how

to

improve

our

speaking

skills.4.Before

the_________gets

worse，we

should

take

action

to

improve

it

at

once.Suggestionssituationsituation

form

population

suggestion名词作定语时，其单复数的变化情况1.

被man/woman修饰的名词变复数时，须将该名词和man/woman均变为复数形式。如：a

man

doctor→two

men

doctors

a

woman

teacher→two

women

teachers2.

被其他名词修饰的名词变复数时，只需把该名词变为复数形式。如：a

girl

student→two

girl

studentsa

birthday

gift→two

birthday

gifts一、选词填空基础题novel

photo

library

century

Germannight

trouble

jacket

voice

attention1.（2024黑龙江改编）Last

winter

holiday，we

met

some

__________

in

Harbin.

They

liked

Harbin

so

much.Germans2.Lily

has

a

sweet

______.

Listen!

She

is

singing

in

the

next

room!3.Boys

and

girls，you’d

better

take

off

your________.

It’s

hot

on

the

train.voicejacketsnovel

photo

library

century

Germannight

trouble

jacket

voice

attention4.He

turned

his

_________

back

to

the

road

again，keeping

a

close

watch

on

the

traffic

ahead.5.I

spent

one________time

making

a

video

Mei

Lanfang

and

His

Hometown

to

take

part

in

“Tell

China’s

Stories”

competition.6.Written

between

1937

and

1949，The

Lord

of

the

Rings

is

one

of

the

best-selling_______ever

written.attentionnight’snovelsnovel

photo

library

century

Germannight

trouble

jacket

voice

attention7.If

you

meet

a

________

at

school，you

can

ask

your

teachers

for

help.8.The

film

shows

us

a

true

story

that

happened

three

__________ago.9.My

brother

likes

this________best.

That’s

because

he

thinks

it

is

quiet

there

and

he

enjoys

reading

there.10.If

people

want

to

take

different

kinds

of_______without

going

outside，AI

can

make

it

come

true

in

a

short

time.troublecenturieslibraryphotosnovel

photo

library

century

Germannight

trouble

jacket

voice

attention二、选词填空tree

activity

idea

school

problemarticle

fun

teacher

year

festival

For

students

from

Songjiang

No.

1

High

School

in

Shanghai，one

of

the

best

times

of

their

school

days

must

be

the

Pomelo

（柚子）

Picking

Festival.

The

1.

________

has

created

lots

of

unforgettable

memories

for

the

students.

Do

you

know

how

it

came

out?festival

More

than

10

years

ago，the

teachers

in

that

2.

_______

planted

about

40

pomelo

tre