医学英语高频词汇06+急诊

急诊系统常用词汇 第一课01.

emergency

medicine

急诊医学Impact

ofan

emergency

medicine

pharmaciston

empiricantibioticprescribingforpneumoniaandintra-abdominalinfections.急诊医学药剂师对肺炎和腹腔感染所采用的经验性抗生素处方的影响。source:

AmJEmergMed.

2018Jul

29.

pii:S0735-6757(18)30632-6.02.

first

aid现场救助Bystander

first

aid

and

basic

life

support

can

likelyimprove

victimsurvival

in

trauma.旁观者急救和基本生命支持可能改善受害者在创伤中的存活率。source:

Acta

Anaesthesiol

Scand.

2015

Oct;59(9):1187-93.03.

prehospital

emergency

care

院前急救The

aim

ofthis

study

wasto

implementan

incidentreport(IR)system

inprehospital

emergencycare

management

witha

viewto

detecting

errors

occurring

in

this

setting

and

guiding

theimplementation

of

safety

improvement

initiatives.本研究的目的是在院前急救护理管理中使用事故报告（IR）系统，以检测此环境中发生的错误并指导安全改进计划的实施。source:

CJEM.

2015

Jul;17(4):411-9.04.

critical

care

medicine

重症医学Recommended

Reading

from

Harvard-Brigham

and

Women'sHospital

Pulmonary

and

CriticalCare

MedicineFellows.来自哈佛-布里格姆妇产医院肺和重症医学研究员的推荐读物。source:

Am

J

Respir

Crit

Care

Med.

2018

Aug

10.05.

emergency

department

急诊科In

this

paper,

the

concept

of

a

central

emergency

department

ina

tertiarycare

hospital

is

described.本文介绍了一家三级医院的中央急诊科的概念。source:

Australas

Emerg

Nurs

J.

2015

May;18(2):75-82.06.consultationroom

[ˌkɑ:nslˈteɪʃn]诊室Starting

a

medical

consultation

room

through

inter-professionalcollaboration.开展跨专业协作的医学会诊室source:

Nihon

Ronen

IgakkaiZasshi.2013;50(4):55707.asepsis

无菌，防腐处理，灭菌法No

study

documented

complete

asepsis

following

initialdisinfection.没有研究证明在初始消毒后能够完全无菌。source:

Acta

Odontol

Scand.

2016

Aug;74(6):431-5.08.triage

[tri:ˈɑ:ʒ]

分诊In

mostcases,continuing

contactbetween

survivors

and

you

willnot

be

possible

because

survivorswill

leave

triage

sites

or

familyassistancecentersandgotoothersitesforcontinuingservices.在大多数情况下，继续与幸存者保持联络是不可能的，因为幸存者将离开分流网站或家庭援助中心和前往其他地点继续服务。source:

《心理急救》09.

lay

rescuer

['reskju:ə(r)]

业余救援Brief,

Web-based

Education

Improves

Lay

Rescuer

Application

ofa

Tourniquet

to

Control

Life-threatening

Bleeding.简言之，基于网络的教育提高了救护员应用止血带来控制危及生命的出血的情况。source:

AEM

Educ

Train.

2018

Mar

22;2(2):154-161.10.

palpitation

心悸Frequentsymptoms

include

palpitation

and

dizziness,

whiledyspnea,

angina,

and

syncope

are

less

common.常见的症状有心悸及眩晕，而气短、心绞痛及晕厥则较少见。来自 梁平教授11.

sudden

cardiac

arrest

心脏骤停Toprevent

andurgentlymanagesudden

cardiacarrest

on

thefootball

field-of-play,F-MARC

(FIFA

Medical

and

Research

Centre)has

been

fully

committed

to

a

programme

ofresearch,

education,standardisation

and

practical

implementation.为了防止和紧急管理足球场上的突然心跳骤停，国际足联医学研究中心(F-MARC)致力于一套集研究、教育、标准化和实施的方案。source:

Br

J

Sports

Med.

2015

May;49(9):597-8.12.

sudden

cardiac

death心源性猝死Sudden

cardiac

death

(SCD)

represents

about25%

ofdeaths

inclinical

cardiology.心源性猝死（SCD）约占临床心脏病学死亡的

25%。source:

Aging

(Albany

NY).

2018

Feb

23;10(2):166-17713.

ventricular

fibrillation

[ven'trɪkjələ]

[ˌfɪbrə'leɪʃən]室颤Ventricular

fibrillation

is

the

major

underlying

cause

of

suddencardiac

death.室颤是心源性猝死的主要根本原因。source:

Adv

Exp

Med

Biol.

2015;859:343-65.14.

pulseless

ventricular

tachycardia[ˌtækɪ'kɑ:dɪr]无脉性室速Developmentofventricular

fibrillation

or

pulseless

ventriculartachycardia

after

an

initial

rhythm

ofpulselesselectrical

activity

orasystoleis

associated

with

significantly

increased

cardiac

arrestmortality.无搏动性电活动或停搏后出现心室颤动，可显著增加心脏骤停的死亡率。source:

Am

J

Crit

Care.

2015

May;24(3):e22-7.15.

carotid

artery

pulsation

[kə'rɒtɪd]

[pʌlˈseʃən]颈动脉搏动we

employed

a

new

video

processing

technique

to

magnifyordinarily

invisible

carotid

artery

pulsationpatterns

as

rhythmiccolor

fluctuations.我们采用了一种新的视频处理技术，将通常不可见的颈动脉搏动模式放大为有节奏的颜色波动。source:

Transl

Stroke

Res.

2018

Jan

10.16.

electric

defibrillation

[ˌdi:fɪbrɪˈleɪʃn]

电除颤The

objective

of

thisstudyisto

explore

the

possible

ways

toreduce

defibrillation

energy

and

further

reveal

the

mechanism

ofelectric

defibrillation.本研究旨在挖掘降低除颤能量的可能方法，并进一步探讨电除颤的机制。source:ConfProc

IEEE

Eng

Med

Biol

Soc.2015

Aug;2015:5688-91.17.

automatic

external

defibrillation

自动体外除颤People

were

more

likely

to

respond

to

and

help

a

victim

ofcardiacarrest,

and

to

conductthe

automatic

externaldefibrillation.人们更乐意对心脏骤停的患者做出反应和帮助，并进行自动体外除颤。source:

Resuscitation.

2018

Apr;125:83-89.18.

cardio-pulmonary

resuscitation

[rɪˌsʌsɪ'teɪʃn]心肺复苏Efficacy

of

vasopressin

during

cardio-pulmonaryresuscitationin

adultpatients:

a

meta-analysis加压素在成人心肺复苏中的疗效:荟萃分析source:

Resuscitation.

2014

Jul;85(7):855-63.19.

cerebral

resuscitation

脑复苏Therapeutic

effects

of

various

methods

of

mesenchymal

stemcells(MSC)transplantation

on

cerebral

resuscitation

followingcardiac

arrest

in

rats骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗心脏骤停大鼠脑复苏的疗效观察source:Pancreatology.

2015

Sep-Oct;15(5):497-502.20.

fluid

resuscitation

液体复苏To

evaluate

the

therapeutic

effect

of

early

fluidresuscitationunderthe

guidance

of

Pulse

indicator

Continuous

Cardiac

Output(PiCCO)

on

patientswith

severe

acute

pancreatitis

(SAP).评价脉冲指示连续心输出量（PICCO）对重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）患者早期液体复苏的治疗效果。source:Pancreatology.

2015

Sep-Oct;15(5):497-502.Terminology

Reviewemergencymedicine急诊医学first

aid

现场救助prehospital

emergency

care

院前急救critical

caremedicine

重症医学emergencydepartment(unit)

急诊科consultation

room

[ˌkɑ:nslˈteɪʃn]

诊室asepsis

灭菌triage

[tri:ˈɑ:ʒ]

分诊layrescuer['reskju:ə(r)]业余救援10.palpitation心悸Terminology

Reviewsudden

cardiacarrest

心脏骤停sudden

cardiac

death

心源性猝死ventricular

fibrillation

[ven'trɪkjələ][ˌfɪbrə'leɪʃən]室颤pulseless

ventricular

tachycardia

[ˌtækɪ'kɑ:dɪr]无脉性室速carotid

artery

pulsation

[kə'rɒtɪd][pʌlˈseʃən]颈动脉搏动electric

defibrillation

[ˌdi:fɪbrɪˈleɪʃn]

电除颤automatic

external

defibrillation

自动体外除颤cardio-pulmonary

resuscitation

[rɪˌsʌsɪ'teɪʃn]心肺复苏cerebralresuscitation

脑复苏fluid

resuscitation液体复苏急诊系统常用词汇 第二课01.

recovery

of

spontaneous

circulation

(ROSC)自主循环恢复End-tidal

CO2

to

detect

recovery

ofspontaneous

circulationduring

cardiopulmonary

resuscitation利用呼气末CO2水平检测心肺复苏期间自发循环的恢复情况source:

Resuscitation.

2016

Jul;104:A5-602.

post-resuscitation

syndrome

复苏后综合征Post-resuscitation

syndrome

has

been

recognized

asone

of

the

major

causes

of

the

poor

outcomes

ofcardiopulmonary

resuscitation复苏后综合征已被认是为心肺复苏不良结局的主要原因之一。source:

Resuscitation.

2014

Jun;85(6):833-9.03.

cardiac

output

心输出量The

Mostcare

monitor

is

a

non-invasive

cardiac

outputmonitor.MOST

监护仪是一种非侵入式的心输出量监测器。source:

Minerva

Anestesiol.

2014

Mar;80(3):314-23.

Epub

2014Jan

8.04.

cardiac

index心脏指数Cardiac

index

(CI)

declined

byan

average

of

0.4

L/min/m2(P

=

0.04)

with

concomitant

increase

in

pulmonary

capillary

wedgepressure

(PCWP;

P

=

0.02).心脏指数（CI）平均下降0.4

L/min/m2（P=0.04），伴随肺毛细血管楔压增加（PCWP;P=0.02）。source:

Artif

Organs.

2016

Dec;40(12):1105-1112.05.

central

venouspressure中心静脉压It

is

generally

believed

that

a

reduction

in

central

venouspressure

will

decrease

bleeding

from

the

hepatic

venoussystem.一般认为，中心静脉压的降低会减少肝静脉系统的出血。source:

J

Hepatobiliary

Pancreat

Sci.

2015

Jun;22(6):463-606.compartment

syndrome

[kəmˈpɑ:rtmənt]室间隔综合征Compartment

syndrome

does

notalways

presentclassically

inthe

pediatric

population,

making

clinical

diagnosis

uniquelychallenging.儿科人群中室间隔综合征并不总是典型的，这使其临床诊断具有独特的挑战性。source: J

Pediatr

Orthop

B.

2014

Sep;23(5):467-71.07.

chest

compression

[kəmˈprɛʃən]

胸部按压To

summarize

the

evidence

from

randomized

controlled

trialsofmechanical

chest

compression

devices

used

duringresuscitation

after

outofhospital

cardiac

arrest.总结关于院外心脏骤停复苏过程中使用机械胸部按压装置的随机对照试验证据。source:Resuscitation.

2015

Sep;94:91-7.08.

artificial

respiration[ˌɑ:rtɪˈfɪʃl]

[ˌrɛspəˈreʃən]人工呼吸Ventilatory

efficacy

of

mouth-to-mouth

artificial

respiration：airwayobstruction

during

manual

and

mouth-to-mouth

artificialrespiration口对口人工呼吸的通气效果：人工和口对口人工呼吸的气道阻塞。source:

J

Am

Med

Assoc.

1958

May

17;167(3):335-41.09.

compression-ventilation

ratio

[ˈreɪʃioʊ]按压通气比Providerswere

asked

to

provide

2

min

of

CPR

with

acompression-ventilation

ratio

of30:2提供者被要求进行2分钟的CPR，压缩-通气比为30：2source:

Eur

J

Emerg

Med.

2009

Dec;16(6):339-4110.

foreign

body

airway

obstruction

(FBAO)异物气道阻塞Although

foreign

body

airwayobstruction

(FBAO)accounts

formany

preventable

unintentional

accidents,

little

is

known

about

theepidemiology

of

FBAO

patientsand

theeffect

of

forcepsuse

onthose

patients.虽然异物气道阻塞（FBAO）是许多可预防的意外事故的原因，对于FBAO患者的流行病学以及应用手术钳的作用知之甚少。source:

Scand

J

Trauma

Resusc

Emerg

Med.

2014

Sep

4;22:53.11.

artificial

airway人工气道Artificial

airwaydevices

are

commonly

used

to

provide

adequateventilationand/or

oxygenation

in

multiple

clinical

settings,

bothemergent

and

nonemergent.人工气道装置通常用于在多种临床场所中提供足够通气和/或氧合，既有紧急的也有非紧急的。source:

Emerg

Radiol.

2015

Apr;22(2):171-9.12.

open

airway

开放气道Established

principles

ofairway

management

in

patients

with

anopen

airway

injuryinclude

the

avoidance

of

both

positivepressure

bag-mask

ventilation

and

blind

tube

passage

and

theearly

consideration

of

a

surgical

airway.开放性气道损伤患者气道管理的原则包括避免正压袋式面罩通气和盲管通道和早期考虑手术气道。source:CJEM.

2015

Jan;17(1):89-93.13.

oropharyngeal

airway['ɔ:roʊfærɪn'dʒi:əl]口咽式气道Selectingtheappropriate

oropharyngeal

airway

forsafe

andeffective

airwaymanagement

isimportant

in

clinical

practice.选择合适的口咽气道以实现安全有效的气道管理在临床实践中非常重要。source:

Anaesthesia.

2014

Jan;69(1):53-7.14.

trachea

intubation

['treɪkɪrl]气管插管Anesthesia

for

pediatric

day-case

dental

surgery:

a

studycomparing

the

classic

laryngeal

mask

airway

with

nasal

tracheaintubation.儿童期牙科手术的麻醉：一项比较经典喉罩气道与鼻气管插管的研究。source:J

Craniofac

Surg.

2014

May;25(3):e245-8.15.

volume

control

ventilation

容量控制通气A

comparison

of

synchronized

intermittent

mandatory

ventilationand

pressure-regulated

volume

control

ventilationin

elderlypatients

withacuteexacerbations

of

COPDandrespiratory

failure同步间歇指令通气与调压容量控制通气治疗老年COPD合并呼吸衰竭急性加重期的比较。source:Int

J

Chron

ObstructPulmon

Dis.

2016

May

17;11:1023-916.

pressure

control

ventilation压力控制通气Model-based

setting

of

inspiratory

pressure

andrespiratory

rate

in

pressure

control

ventilation.基于模型的压力控制通气吸气压力和呼吸频率的设定。source:Physiol

Meas.

2014

Mar;35(3):383-97.17.

assist

ventilation

辅助通气Neurally

adjusted

ventilatory

assist

and

proportional

assistventilation

both

improve

patient-ventilator

interaction.神经调节的通气辅助和比例辅助通气均能改善患者呼吸机相互作用。source:

Crit

Care.

2015

Feb

25;19:56.18.

synchronized

intermittent

mandatory

ventilation['sɪŋkrənaɪzd]

[ˌɪntərˈmɪtənt][ˈmændətɔ:ri]同步间隙性指令通气The

prevalence

of

post-extubation

atelectasis

was

higher

insynchronized

intermittent

mandatory

ventilation

group,but

thedifference

was

not

statistically

significant

(p=

0.08).同步间歇性指令通气组在拔管后肺不张发生率较高，但差异无统计学意义（P＝0.08）。source:

Pediatr

Crit

Care

Med.

2014

Mar;15(3):236-41.19.

ventilatorassociated

pneumonia呼吸机相关性肺炎Ventilator-associated

pneumonia

diagnosis

remains

adebatable

topic.呼吸机相关肺炎的诊断仍然是一个值得商榷的话题。source:

Crit

Care

Med.

2015

Jan;43(1):22-30.20.

acid

intoxication[ɪnˌtɑksɪˈkeʃən]酸中毒A

14-month-old

previously

healthy

girl

was

referred

to

ourhospital

with

the

diagnosis

of

acid

intoxication.一名14个月大的健康女孩被送往我院，诊断为药物中毒source:Am

J

Emerg

Med.

2018

Jun;36(6):1126.e5-1126.e6.

dTerminology

Reviewrecovery

ofspontaneous

circulation(ROSC)

自主循环恢复post-resuscitationsyndrome

复苏后综合征cardiacoutput心输出量cardiacindex

心脏指数central

venous

pressure

中心静脉压compartment

syndrome

[kəmˈpɑ:rtmənt]室间隔综合征chest

compression

[kəmˈprɛʃən]胸部按压artificial

respiration

[ˌɑ:rtɪˈfɪʃl][ˌrɛspəˈreʃən]人工呼吸compression-ventilation

ratio[ˈreɪʃioʊ]按压通气比10.foreign

body

airway

obstruction(FBAO)异物气道阻塞Terminology

Reviewartificial

airway人工气道open

airway开放气道oropharyngeal

airway

['ɔ:roʊfærɪn'dʒi:əl]

口咽式气道tracheaintubation['treɪkɪrl]

气管插管volume

control

ventilation容量控制通气pressurecontrol

ventilation

压力控制通气assist

ventilation

辅助通气synchronized

intermittent

mandatory

ventilation['sɪŋkrənaɪzd]

[ˌɪntərˈmɪtənt] [ˈmændətɔ:ri]

同步间隙性指令通气ventilatorassociated

pneumonia

呼吸机相关性肺炎acid

intoxication[ɪnˌtɑksɪˈkeʃən]

酸中毒急诊系统常用词汇 第三课01.

intracranial

pressure

[ˌɪntrə'kreɪnɪrl]颅内压There

is

very

little

data

correlating

lumbar

puncture

pressures

toformalintracranial

pressuremonitoring

despite

the

widespreaduse

of

both

procedures.尽管广泛使用这两种手术，但很少有数据将腰椎穿刺压力与正式颅内压监测相关联。source:

J

Child

Neurol.

2015

Feb;30(2):170-3.02.

blood-brain

barrier

[ˈbæriɚ]血脑屏障After

traumatic

brain

injury,

the

blood-brain

barrier,theprotectivebarrier

between

the

brain

and

the

intravascularcompartment,

becomes

dysfunctional,

leading

to

leakage

ofproteins,

fluid,

and

transmigration

ofimmune

cells.外伤性脑损伤后，血脑屏障作为脑与血管间隔间的保护屏障，发生功能失调，导致蛋白质、液体的渗漏和免疫细胞的迁移。source:

Metab

Brain

Dis.

2015

Oct;30(5):1093-104.03.

hypovolemic

shock

[haɪpɒ'voʊlemɪk]低血容量休克Hypovolemicshock

isoften

seen

in

patientswith

severe

blunttrauma

who

have

suffered

from

blood

circulation

inadequate

tomaintain

oxygen

delivery

to

multiple

organs.低血容量性休克常见于严重钝性创伤患者，其血液循环不足以维持向多脏器输送氧气。source:

Jpn

J

Radiol.

2014

Oct;32(10):579-84.04.

traumatic

shock创伤性休克However,

research

into

novel

therapeutics

for

traumatic

shock

isongoing

and

promises

some

direction

for

future

care.然而，对创伤性休克新疗法的研究正在进行中，并将为未来的护理提供了一些指导。source:

J

TraumaNurs.

2013

Jan-Mar;20(1):37-43.05.septic

shock

[ˈsɛptɪk]

脓毒性休克，感染性休克Septic

shock

is

a

frequent

complication

in

intensive

careunit

that

can

result

in

multiple

organ

failure

and

death.感染性休克是ICU的常见并发症，可致多脏器功能衰竭和死亡。source:

J

Surg

Res.

2015

Apr;194(2):520-7.06.

allergic

shock

过敏性休克Results

showed

that

the

incidence

of

allergic

shockcaused

by

safflower

injection

in

patients

above

40

yearsoldwashigh:结果表明，红花注射液致40岁以上人群过敏性休克的发生率较高。source:Afr

J

Tradit

Complement

Altern

Med.

2013Oct

3;10(6):563-7.07.

neurogenicshock

神经源性休克Traumatic

neurogenic

shock

is

a

rare

but

seriouscomplication

of

spinal

cord

injury.创伤性神经源性休克是一种少见但严重的脊髓损伤并发症。source:

Ann

Fr

Anesth

Reanim.

2013

May;32(5):361-3.08.

multiple

organfailure

多器官衰竭She

was

thrombocytopenic

and

anemic

with

multiple

organfailure.她有多器官功能衰竭，伴血小板减少和贫血。source:

J

Pediatr

Hematol

Oncol.2014

Mar;36(2):e88-90.09.systemic

inflammatory

responsesyndrome(SIRS)全身炎症反应综合征Consensus

guidelines

recommend

sepsis

screening

for

adultswithsystemicinflammatory

responsesyndrome

(SIRS).共识指南建议对患有全身炎症反应综合征（SIRS）的成人进行败血症筛查。source:

WestJ

Emerg

Med.2014

May;15(3):329-36.10.

septicopyemia

[septəkoʊpai'imiə]

脓毒血症To

observe

the

protective

effect

of

fasudil

hydrochlorideagainst

acute

renal

injury

in

septicopyemia

rats.观察盐酸法舒地尔对脓毒症大鼠急性肾损伤的保护作用。source:

AsianPac

J

TropMed.

2015Dec;8(12):1071-1075.11.

acute

respiratory

distress

syndrome急性呼吸窘迫综合征However,

the

diagnostic

value

of

cardiopulmonary

ultrasoundinelderly

patientswith

acute

respiratory

distress

syndrome(ARDS)

is

stillunclear.然而，心肺超声对老年急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）的诊断价值仍不清楚。source:

BMC

Pulm

Med.

2018

Aug

13;18(1):136.12.

intracerebral

hemorrhage[ˌɪntrəsə'ri:brəl]['hɛmərɪdʒ]

脑出血The

aim

ofthis

guideline

is

to

presentcurrentand

comprehensiverecommendationsfor

the

diagnosis

and

treatment

of

spontaneousintracerebral

hemorrhage.本指南目的是对自发性脑出血的诊断和治疗提出最新和全面的建议。source:

Stroke.

2015

Jul;46(7):2032-60.13.

subarachnoid

hemorrhage[ˌsʌbə'ræknɔɪd]

蛛网膜下腔出血We

discuss

apatient

withananeurysmalsubarachnoidhemorrhage

(SAH)

presenting

with

chest

pain,

electrocardiogramchanges

compatible

with

myocardial

infarction,

and

headache.我们讨论了一个动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）患者，其表现为胸痛、心电图改变伴心肌梗死和头痛。source:

J

Clin

Neurosci.

2015

Dec;22(12):1981-2.14.

cerebral

infarction

[ɪnˈfɑ:rkʃn]

脑梗死Cerebral

infarction

is

a

frequent

and

serious

complicationof

aneurysmal

subarachnoid

hemorrhage

(SAH).脑梗塞是动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）常见且严重的并发症。source:

Eur

J

Neurol.

2015

Jun;22(6):941-7.15.

ischemic

stroke

[ɪs'ki:mɪk]

缺血性脑卒中Lipoprotein

(a)

[Lp(a)]

harbors

atherogenic

potential

but

its

role

asa

riskfactorfor

ischemicstroke

remainscontroversial.脂蛋白（a）具有致动脉粥样硬化的潜力，但其作为缺血性脑卒中危险因素的作用仍存在争议。source:

Atherosclerosis.

2015

Oct;242(2):496-503.16.

coma

昏迷The

three

main

mechanisms

of

coma

are

structural

brainlesions,

diffuse

neuronal

dysfunction,

and,

rarely,psychiatric

causes.昏迷的三个主要机制是结构性脑损伤、弥漫性神经元功能障碍以及不常见的精神原因。source:

Lancet.

2014

Dec

6;384(9959):2064-76.17.

hypoglycemiccoma

[ˌhaɪpoʊglaɪ'si:mɪk]低血糖性昏迷There

were

considerable

differences

in

risk

of

hospitalization

orsecondaryhealthcare

visits

due

to

hypoglycemic

coma

betweenbasalinsulin

treatments

in

real-life

clinical

practice.临床实践中，因基础胰岛素治疗者发生低血糖昏迷而住院或二次保健就诊的风险有相当大的差异。source:

Pharmacoepidemiol

Drug

Saf.

2013

Dec;22(12):1326-35.18.

somnolence

['sɑ:mnələns]

嗜睡Somnolence

isknown

to

be

a

major

cause

of

varioustypes

ofaccidents,and

ocular

parameters

are

recognized

to

be

reliablephysiological

indicators

of

somnolence.嗜睡被认为是各种类型事故的主要原因，眼部参数被认为是检测嗜睡的可靠生理指标。source:

Conf

Proc

IEEE

Eng

Med

Biol

Soc.

2014;2014:5820-3.19.

lethargy

[ˈleθərdʒi]昏睡Infants

manifest

only

lethargy,irritability,

andanorexiaintheearlystages,

but

vomiting,

fever,

andpain

are

apparent

as

thediseaseprogresses.婴儿的早期症状只有嗜睡、烦躁及食欲不振，随着病程进展，呕吐、发热及疼痛才变得明显起来。来自梁平教授20.

drowning

[draʊnɪŋ]

溺水Drowning

is

the

second-leading

cause

ofinjury-related

death

forCanadianchildren

under

the

age

of14,according

to

Safe

KidsCanada,

the

national

injury

prevention

program.据加拿大儿童安全组织的国家伤害预防计划报道，溺水是加拿大14岁以下儿童引起伤害有关的死亡的第二位的原因。source:

[Social

and

Humanities

News]

Swimming

lessons

no

guarantee

ofkids'

safetyTerminology

Reviewintracranialpressure

[ˌɪntrə'kreɪnɪrl]

颅内压blood-brain

barrier[ˈbæriɚ]血脑屏障hypovolemic

shock

[haɪpɒ‘voʊlemɪk]

低血容量休克traumatic

shock

创伤性休克septic

shock

[ˈsɛptɪk]感染性休克allergic

shock过敏性休克neurogenicshock神经源性休克multiple

organ

failure

多器官衰竭systemic

inflammatory

response

syndrome(SIRS)全身炎症反应综合征10.septicopyemia

[septəkoʊpai'imiə]脓毒血症Terminology

Reviewacute

respiratory

distress

syndrome

急性呼吸窘迫综合征intracerebralhemorrhage

[ˌɪntrəsə'ri:brəl]['hɛmərɪdʒ]脑出血subarachnoid

hemorrhage

[ˌsʌbə'ræknɔɪd]蛛网膜下腔出血cerebral

infarction

[ɪnˈfɑ:rkʃn]脑梗死ischemicstroke[ɪs'ki:mɪk]

缺血性脑卒中coma昏迷hypoglycemiccoma

[ˌhaɪpoʊglaɪ'si:mɪk]低血糖性昏迷somnolence

['sɑ:mnələns]

嗜睡lethargy[ˈleθərdʒi]昏睡drowning

[draʊnɪŋ]

溺水急诊系统常用高频词汇 第四课01.

electric

shock

电击We

present

a

caseof

persistent

atrial

fibrillationinduced

bya

low-voltage

electric

shock

reverting

backto

sinusrhythm

after

asimilar

repeat

shock.我们展示了一例由低压电击引起的持续性心房颤动病例，在类似的重复性休克后恢复到窦性心律。source:Pacing

Clin

Electrophysiol.

2012

Nov;35(11):e320-1.02.lightening

strikes

雷击Lightening

strikes

are

a

rare

cause

ofpolyneuropathy.雷击是多发性神经病的罕见原因。source:

Ned

Tijdschr

Geneeskd.

2009;153:A774.03.organophosphorous

insecticides

poisoning[ˌɔ:gənə'fɒsfərəs] [ɪn'sektɪsaɪdz]

急性有机磷杀虫药中毒Organophosphorous

insecticides

poisoning

is

one

of

the

mostcommon

poisonings

seen

inIndia.急性有机磷杀虫药中毒是印度最常见的中毒之一。source:

Toxicol

Int.

2013

Sep;20(3):214-7.04.

cholinergic

crisis

[ˌkoʊlə'nədʒɪk]

胆碱能危象Cholinergic

crisis

mainly

occurs

as

a

result

of

theimproper

accumulation

of

anticholinesterase

agents.胆碱能危象主要是由于抗胆碱酯酶药物蓄积不当所致。source:

Neuro

Endocrinol

Lett.

2016

Nov;37(6):411-41305.seizure发作，癫痫发作The

seizure

itself

beginswith

a

crypreceding

loss

ofconsciousness

and

tonicstiffeningof

the

body

followed

byclonicmovements

of

all

four

extremities,

the

face,

jaw,

and

head.癫痫发作时先喊叫一声，紧接着意识丧失、身体强直，四肢、脸部、颌和头部阵挛性抽动。来自梁平教授06.alcohol

poisoning

['ælkəhɔl]酒精中毒In

severe

alcohol

poisoning

at

the

time

of

admission,

itwas

revealed

a

reduction

of

the

fluid

in

all

studied

sectors.在因严重酒精中毒入院的患者中，发现全身器官组织含水量均减少。source:

Anesteziol

Reanimatol.

2014

Sep-Oct;59(5):64-6.07.

heatillness

中暑Patients

with

acute

heat

illness

present

primarilytoemergency

departments

(EDs).急性中暑患者主要就诊于急诊室（ED）。source:Environ

Health

Perspect.2014

Nov;122(11):1209-15.08.

heat

syncope

['sɪŋkəpi]热昏厥Heat

syncope

is

fainting

or

dizziness

as

a

result

ofoverheating热晕厥是由于过热导致的昏厥或眩晕。来自梁平教授09.

hyperthermia

syndromes[,haɪpɚ'θɝmɪə]

高温综合征Drug-associatedhyperthermie

syndromes

include

the

serotoninsyndrome,

neuroleptic

malignant

syndrome,

neuroleptic-inducedcatatonia,

anticholinergic

syndrome,

etc.药物相关的高温综合征包括5-羟色胺综合征、抗精神病药恶性综合征、精神抑制药诱导的紧张症、抗胆碱能综合征等。source:

Duodecim.

2013;129(24):2633-4010.

endogenous

pyrogen[ɛn'dɑdʒənəs]['paɪrədʒən]

内源性热源It

was

thoughtthatbacterial

products

caused

fever

via

theintermediate

production

of

a

host-derived,

fever-producingmolecule,called

endogenous

pyrogen

(EP).研究认为，细菌产物通过宿主衍生的发热分子(称为内源性热原EP)这一中间产物引起发热。source:

J

Endotoxin

Res.

2004;10(4):201-2211.

exogenous

pyrogen

[ɛks'ɑdʒɪnəs]

外源性热源Wecan

not

ruleout

possibilitythat

other

mechanismsmayparticipatedirectly

or

indirectly

in

a

suppression

ofcytokinesresponsedue

to

repeated

exogenous

pyrogen

challenge.我们不能排除其他机制可能直接或间接参与由于反复的外源性热原攻击而抑制细胞因子反应的可能性。source:

Postepy

Hig

Med

Dosw.

2000;54(4):537-5112.

feverofundetermined

不明原因发热The

clinical

utility

ofnaproxen

as

an

antipyretic

agentwasexamined

in

the

differential

diagnosisoffeverof

undeterminedorigin

in

patientswith

cancer.研究了萘普生作为退热药在癌症患者不明原因发热鉴别诊断中的临床应用价值。source:

Am

J

Med.

1984

Apr;76(4):597-60313.frostbite

[ˈfrɔstˌbaɪt]冻伤Frostbite

is

an

uncommon

event

that

can

lead

to

potentialserious

tissue

damage

and

necrosis.冻伤比较罕见，可致潜在的严重组织损伤和坏死。source:

Undersea

Hyperb

Med.

2014

Jan-Feb;41(1):65-70.14.laceration

撕裂伤The

uterus

must

be

explored

after

delivery

to

excludelaceration.分娩后应行宫腔探查排除裂伤。来自梁平教授15.combined

trauma

injuries

复合伤Combined

trauma

injuries

of

the

trachea

and

esophagusare

uncommon

.外伤性气管和食道复合伤并不常见。source:

J

Trauma.

2000Sep;49(3):563-4.16.

crush

injury

挤压伤Muscle

crush

injury

commonly

occurs

after

earthquakes

andcollapse

ofbuildings,and

itoften

induces

crush

syndrome

if

nottreatedpromptly.肌肉挤压伤通常发生在地震后和建筑物的倒塌，如果不及时治疗，经常导致挤压综合征。source:

Heart

Lung

Circ.

2013

Apr;22(4):284-90.17.public

health

emergency

突发公共卫生事业This

studyaims

to

evaluate

the

applied

public

healthemergency

system

at

the

airportand

to

provide

appropriateoperational

solutions.本研究旨在评估机场应用的突发公共卫生应急系统，并提供适当的操作解决方案。source:BMC

Res

Notes.

2015

Sep

12;8:435.18.

disaster

rescue

[dɪ'zæstɚ]灾害救援The

military

universities

should

apply

field

surgerytechniques

to

disaster

rescue

in

the

future.军事大学将来应采用野外手术技术进行灾害救援。source:

Chin

J

Traumatol.2015;18(6):311-3.19.

natural

disaster

自然灾害Recent

research

suggests

that

notonly

parental

psychopathology,but

also

parenting

practices,have

a

role

to

play

in

thedevelopmentof

child

posttraumatic

stress

symptoms

(PTSS)following

a

naturaldisaster.最近的研究表明，不仅是父母的精神心理状态，父母的养育方式在自然灾害后儿童创伤后应激症状（PTSS）的发展中也发挥作用。source:

J

Child

Adolesc

Psychopharmacol.

2014

Feb;24(1):18-23.20.man-madedisaster

人为灾害Rescue

and

emergency

management

of

a

man-madedisaster.一场人为灾难的救援和应急管理source:

ScientificWorldJournal.2015;2015:136434.Terminology

Reviewelectric

shock

电击lightening

strikes雷击organophosphorous

insecticides