【名校区域大联考】专题02.阅读理解B篇（记叙文或新闻报道为主）（解析版）

全国名校区域大联考高三英语试题精选集锦（第五期）专题0专题02：阅读理解B篇（记叙文或新闻报道为主）编者按：遴选全国各地近期区域大联考试题，精心编辑，排版整齐。目录(T8联考)八省八校2024届高三第一次学业质量评价英语试题广东省金太阳2023-2024学年高三上学期百校联考英语试题江苏省决胜新高考2023-2024学年高三上学期12月大联考江苏省盐城市联盟校2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次联考浙江省强基联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考浙江省新阵地教育联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次联考浙江省教改共同体2023-2024学年高三上学期1月联考河北省沧衡名校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题河北省省级联测考试2023-2024学年高三上学期12月试题山东省新高考联合质量测评2023-2024学年高三12月大联考河南省南阳市TOP20联考2023-2024学年高三上学期1月月考河南箐师联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月质量检测考试题安徽省皖东十校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期第三次月考湖北省宜荆荆随恩2023-2024学年高三上学期1月联考英语试题湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次联合测评2024届重庆市缙云教育联盟高三上学期一模英语试题辽宁省联考2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题浙江省县域教研联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题(T8联考)八省八校2024届高三第一次学业质量评价英语试题BMichaelandhiswife,newresidentsinaSanFranciscoapartment,learnedabouttheirneighborJeffDunan'svolunteerworkforBangladeshRelief,anorganizationthatprovidesfood,clothingandessentialsuppliesfordisadvantagedpeopleinnorthernBangladesh,Inspired,Michaeldonated$150toDunan'sGoFundMecampaign.However,acreditcardnotificationalertedhimtoanunintended$15,041charge.Whenhesawthefive-figurenumber,hewasconfused,Soon,itallmadesense,Michael'screditcardnumberstartedwithfourandone.Clearly,heaccidentallybegantypinghiscreditcardinformationwhilehiscursor(光标)wasstillinthedonationbox.MichaelplannedtocallDunantoexplain,butbeforehehadthechancetodothat,hestartedreceivingFacebookmessagesfromShohagChandra,thecharity'sBangladesh-basedprogrammanager,thankinghimforhisgenerousdonation.Afterhelookedthroughthephotosofpeopleholdingthankyousignsthatreadhisname,Michael'sheartsank.Hefeltterriblethathehadtowithdrawhishandsomedonation.Oncehisoriginalcontributionwasrefunded,hedecidedtodonate$1,500.AlthoughMichaelhadtoldhisfamilyandfriendsaboutthetale,hedecidedtoshareitpubliclyonsocialmedia,afterDunantoldhimtheorganizationwasdesperatelyinneedoffunds.“Theleast1coulddowastakethetimetopostthisstoryonlineandseeifIcouldinspireotherpeopletodonatetothecause,”Michaelsaid.Littledidheknow,though,thatthestorywouldbeseenfarandwide,endingupraisingmorethan$120,000forBangladeshReliefinthespanofonlyafewweeks-abouteight.timesMichael'smistakendonation.AccordingtoDunan,morethan3,700peoplehavecontributedbecauseofMichael'spost.Michaelhasbeenstunned(震惊)bytheongoingoutpouringofsupport.“NeverinmywildestdreamsdidIimaginethisreaction,”hesaid.“Peoplecanbeamazingwhentheycometogetherforsomethinglikethis."24.HowdidMichaelmakethelargedonation?A.Heinputanincorrectamount.B.Heencounteredasystemerror.C.HewasgreatlyinspiredbyDunan.D.Heenteredwrongcreditcarddetails.25.WhydidMichael'sheartsinkaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Hesawpeopleindespair.B.Hefailedtoofferenoughmoney.C.Hedidn'treceivethefullrefund.D.Herealizedthescaleofhismistake.26.WhatmotivatedMichaeltosharethestoryonsocialmedia?A.Dunan'srequestforpublicity.B.Adesireforpersonalrecognition.C.Theorganization'surgentneedforfunds.D.Pressurefromhisfamilyandfriends.27.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Alwaysprepareforarainyday.D.Agoodbeginningishalfofvictory.[B篇大意]本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境为人与社会。文章主要叙述了主人公Michael输错捐款金额后将故事分享到网上,结果吸引了更多人关注孟加拉国的灾情,募集到了更多的资金。24.A[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Michael的信用卡号开头数字是4和1。他显然是在光标还停留在捐款金额那--栏的时候就开始输人自己的信用卡号了,所以最后的金额由原来计划的150美元变成了15041美元。25.D[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段可知,在Michael准备给Dunan打电话解释之前,该慈善团体的项目经理Chandra在Facebook感谢了他。他还看到许多照片,照片里人们举着感谢Michael的标牌。因此,此时他认识到自己的大笔捐款产生了很大的影响,所以开始后悔自已申请退款的举动。26.C[解析]细节理解题。根据第四段可知,Michael是在Dunan告诉了他这个团体急需资金之后决定在网上分享这件事的。27.B[解析]主旨大意题。本文主要叙述了Michael为什么一开始决定捐款、捐款金额有误的原因以及后续如何吸引了更多人捐款的故事。故事始于Michael一个人的善意,结尾时3700多人都加人了捐款活动,短时间内就筹集到了大笔资金。因此,B项“众人拾柴火焰高”正确。广东省金太阳2023-2024学年高三上学期百校联考英语试题BWhenBelquerfirstjoinedateamtomakeabetterlivemusicexperiencefordeafandhardof-hearingpeople,hewasstruckbyhowtheyhaddevelopedworkaroundstoenjoyconcerts.“Whattheyweredoingatthetimewasholdingballonstofeelthevibrations(震动)throughtheirfingers,”Belquersaid.Hethoughttheteamcouldmakesomethingtohelphard-of-hearingpeopleenjoylivemusicevenmorewiththetechnologynowavailable.Belquer,whoisalsoamusicianandtheaterartist,isnowthe"ChiefVibrationOfficer"ofMusic:NotImpossible,whichusesnewtechnologytoaddresssocialissueslikepovertyanddisabilityaccess.Histeamstartedbytyingdifferentvibratingcellphonemotorstobodies,butthatdidn'tquitework.Thevibrationswereallthesame.Eventually,theyworkedwithengineerstodevelopalighthaptic(触觉的)suitwithatotalof24vibratingplates.Thereare20ofthemtiedtoavestthatfitstightlyaroundthebodylikeahikingbackpack,plusonethattiestoeachwristandankle,Whenyouwearthesuit,it'ssurprisinghowitfeels.ThevibrationsaremixedbyahapticDJwhocontrolsthelocation,frequencyandintensityoffeelingacrossthesuits,justasamusicDJmixessoundsinanartfulway.“Whatwe'redoingisSelectingandmixingwhatwewantandsendittodifferentpartsofthebody,”saidtheDJ.Thehapticsuitswerejustonecomponentoftheevent.TherewereAmericanSignLanguageinterpreters;themusicwascaptionedonascreenonthestage.Thesuitsarethestarattraction.LilyLipman,whohasauditoryprocessingdisorder,itupwhenaskedaboutherexperience.“It'scool,becauseI'mneverquitesureifI'mhearingwhatotherpeoplearehearing,soit'samazingtogetthemusicinmybody.”24.WhatsurprisedBelqueraboutpeoplewithhearingproblems?A.Theattitudetheyheldtolife.B.Thewaytheyenjoyedmusic.C.Thelovetheyhadforballoons.D.Thefrequencytheyvibratedfingers.25.Whydidtheteam'sinitialattemptfail?A.Thevibrationslackedvariety.B.Themotorswerethesame.C.Themotorshardlyworked.D.Thevibrationswereirregular.26.WhatdidtheDJdo?A.Heinterpretedthesignlanguage.B.Hecaptionedthemusiconstage.C.Heselectedsuitsfortheattendees.D.Hehelpedpeoplefeelthemusic.27.WhatdoesLilyLipmanthinkofthesuit?A.Comforting.B.Challenging.C.Satisfying.D.Encouraging24—27BADCB篇：本文是一篇记叙文。音乐家Belquer和团队一起利用震动原理研发设备，让重度听力障碍者和聋哑人也能体验现场音乐。24.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第二句可知，他们想出了欣赏音乐会的变通办法，这让他感到震惊。他们当时的做法是拿着气球，通过手指感受震动。25.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句可知，他的团队开始将不同的震动手机马达绑在人体上，但这并不奏效。震动都是一样的，缺乏变化。26.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第人句可知，这些震动由一位触觉DJ来混合，他控制着通过衣服传来的感觉的位置、频率和强度，就像音乐DJ用一种巧妙的方式混合声音一样。27.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，LilyLipman对这种触感套装很满意。江苏省决胜新高考2023-2024学年高三上学期12月大联考BWhenFionaAllenwasseven,herparentstookhertothetheatretoseeaproductionTheHouseatPoohCorner.Instantly,Allenfellinlove.Butalthoughshetookpartinschoolandcollegeplays,sheneverthoughtitcouldleadtoacareer.Instead,shestudiedbusinessatuniversity,workingfortheLandRegisterofScotlanduntilsheretiredin2012.Hernewlyfreetimereignited(重新点燃)adecades-oldspark.“IstillwantedtodosomethingwithmybrainsoIwentbacktouniversitytostudytheatreandperformance,”saysAllen.Thatyear,shetookpartinafolkdramaworkshopanddiscoveredmumming,anancientmaskedform,inwhichmaleactorstravelthroughvillages,performingsimpleplays,ofteninexchangeforfoodorshelter.“It’sasimplerstorythanconventionalplays.Ithasonecentralconflictratherthanslowcharacterdevelopment.It’srootedinhistoryandinvolvesmoreimprovisation(即席创作)becausetheplayisalwaystailoredtoalocalaudience,”saysAllen.InterestgrewandAllensetuphergroup—theMeadowsMummers—asacharity,toattractwidersupportanddonations.Itsfirstperformancewasin2015,attheMeadowsfestivalinEdinburgh.Thingssnowballedfromthere.AswellastouringcentralScotland,thegroupwenttotheInternationalMummingSymposiumandUnconventioninGloucestershirein2016,andlearnedmoreaboutthehistoryoffolkdrama.Morerecently,lifecircumstanceshavemadeperformingdifficult.“I’vehadhealthproblems.”Shesaysthat,attimes,shehasconsideredgivingup,butgetstoomuchjoyfromdoingittostop.“We’vejustdoneoneperformancethisyearbutI’mreallyexcitedthatwe’regettingreadyformorefestivalsnextyear.”Thedrivetokeepgoingisinspiredbyanexperiencemorethan30yearsago.“IwasinanationalparkinYugoslaviawhenIsawawomanstaringattentivelyatthisgreenriver,”shesays.“Shetoldmeshewasgoingblindandwantedtherivertobethelastbeautifulthingsheeversaw.”Wheneverdoubtcreepsin(不知不觉产生),Allenrecallsthatencounterandfeelsforcedtocontinuegraspinglifewithbothhands.“Justbecauseyou’vereached60,itdoesn’tmeanthedrawbridgehasbeenpulledup,”saysAllen.24.WhydidAllenstudytheatreandperformanceafterretirement?A.Toearnadegree. B.Totakeupherinterest.C.Topleaseherparents. D.Tofindabetterjob.25.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkaboutconcerningmumming?A.Itsfeatures. B.Itshistory. C.Itssignificance. D.Itsprospect.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“snowballed”inparagraph3mean?A.Developed. B.Collapsed. C.Stuck. D.Froze.27.WhatdoesAllenintendtotellusbytheencounter?A.Artislong,lifeisshort. B.Romanwasnotbuiltinaday.C.Wherethere’sawill,thereisaway. D.Weshouldtrytoliveinthemoment.【答案】24.B25.A26.A27.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了FionaAllen退休后重拾以前的兴趣，参加了一个民间戏剧研讨会，随着兴趣的增长，艾伦成立了她的团体——梅多斯戏迷——作为一个慈善组织，以吸引更广泛的支持和捐赠。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Hernewlyfreetimereignited(重新点燃)adecades-oldspark.“IstillwantedtodosomethingwithmybrainsoIwentbacktouniversitytostudytheatreandperformance,”saysAllen.(她最近的空闲时间重新点燃了几十年前的火花。“我仍然想用我的大脑做点什么，所以我回到大学学习戏剧和表演，”艾伦说)”可知，艾伦退休后学习戏剧和表演是为了重拾兴趣。故选B。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thatyear,shetookpartinafolkdramaworkshopanddiscoveredmumming,anancientmaskedform,inwhichmaleactorstravelthroughvillages,performingsimpleplays,ofteninexchangeforfoodorshelter.“It’sasimplerstorythanconventionalplays.Ithasonecentralconflictratherthanslowcharacterdevelopment.It’srootedinhistoryandinvolvesmoreimprovisation(即席创作)becausetheplayisalwaystailoredtoalocalaudience,”saysAllen.(那一年，她参加了一个民间戏剧研讨会，并发现了一种古老的蒙面表演——戴面具化装表演（mumming），男演员穿梭于村庄，表演简单的戏剧，通常以换取食物或住所。“这是一个比传统戏剧更简单的故事。它有一个中心冲突，而不是缓慢的角色发展。它根植于历史，包含更多的即兴创作，因为戏剧总是为当地观众量身定制，”艾伦说)”可知，第二段主要讲了戴面具化装表演（mumming）的特点。故选A。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“AswellastouringcentralScotland,thegroupwenttotheInternationalMummingSymposiumandUnconventioninGloucestershirein2016,andlearnedmoreaboutthehistoryoffolkdrama.(除了在苏格兰中部巡回演出外，该团队还参加了2016年在格洛斯特郡举行的国际戴面具化装表演研讨会和非大会，并了解了更多关于民间戏剧的历史)”可知，这个团队得到了很大发展，去了很多地方演出。故划线词意思是“发展”，故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thedrivetokeepgoingisinspiredbyanexperiencemorethan30yearsago.“IwasinanationalparkinYugoslaviawhenIsawawomanstaringattentivelyatthisgreenriver,”shesays.“Shetoldmeshewasgoingblindandwantedtherivertobethelastbeautifulthingsheeversaw.”(30多年前的一次经历激发了我们继续前进的动力。她说：“我在南斯拉夫的一个国家公园里，看到一个女人聚精会神地盯着这条绿色的河流。”“她告诉我她快要失明了，希望这条河成为她见过的最后一条美丽的东西”)”以及“Wheneverdoubtcreepsin(不知不觉产生),Allenrecallsthatencounterandfeelsforcedtocontinuegraspinglifewithbothhands.(每当疑虑袭来时，艾伦就会回忆起那次遭遇，并感到被迫继续用双手抓住生活)”可推知，艾伦想通过这次相遇告诉我们：我们应该努力活在当下。故选D。江苏省盐城市联盟校2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次联考BIusedtoliveinSouthernAfricaandrecentlywentbacktoBotswanatovisittheCentralKalahariGameReservewithmyfriendOscar.Why?Becausethere’snothingquitelikethevastAfricanwilderness...Ourjeepmovedslowlyalongthetoo-hot-to-touchsand.Withnoairconditionerandanenginewhichmightbreakdownatanytime,itwastoughwork.Thedryheatwasfierceandtheonlybreakcamefromusingourpreciouswaterforbriefbucketshowers.Withnosuppliesavailablewithinthepark—itwasasortofnoman’slandwhichwasinhabitedbytheoccasionalcow—itisnecessarytobringallyourfuel,foodandwaterwithyou.Wecampedinasmallplaceinthecenterofthewoods.Attheheightofthedryseason,leavesinthetreeshadallfallendown,shadewasinscantsupply,soweplacedourselvesnearaleaflesstree.Asthesunset,wedrovetowardsthewateringholeafewmilesaway,andwereremindedjustwhywe’dchosentospendweekssufferingthisexerciseonourselves.Alonelionpausedhislappingtoacknowledgeourarrival.Heyawned,andthencarriedondrinking.Thatnight,sleepingontheroofofthejeep,wefelthisshoutingasmuchasheardit.ThosevastAfricanskiesofferedtheonlyindicationthattheoutsideworldhadn’tcometoastateofquietness,asbrightsatellitewhippedacrosstheblackness.Inthemorningwesawthatthelionhadwalkedintheroadovernight,hispawprintspressedintoyesterday’styretracks.Wesetoffforanothermorninginchingthroughthesand;anotherdayofchanginglandscapesandraw,wildbeauty;anothernightlitbyshootingstars.24.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?A.HeisnowlivinginBotswana.B.HeenjoysthewildnessofnatureC.Hesleptinahotelatnight.D.Hedidn’ttakeenoughfoodandwater.25.Whatdidtheythinkoftheirjourney?A.Cozyandsafe B.ScaryandannoyingC.Amazingandtough D.Pleasantandeasy26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scant”inparagraph4mean?A.inadequate B.unbending C.abundant D.ready27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ShiningStarsandALoneLionB.MyGreatEscapeintotheWildC.TravellingintheSouthernAfricaD.CampinginToo-Hot-to-TouchSand【答案】24.B25.C26.A27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是作者的非洲荒野之旅，这个旅途上很艰苦，但是自然美景吸引他们勇敢地继续前进．【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“IusedtoliveinSouthernAfricaandrecentlywentbacktoBotswanatovisittheCentralKalahariGameReservewithmyfriendOscar.Why?Becausethere’snothingquitelikethevastAfricanwilderness...(曾经住在非洲南部，最近和我的朋友奥斯卡一起回到博茨瓦纳参观了卡拉哈里中央野生动物保护区。为什么？因为没有什么能像广阔的非洲荒野一样)”可知，他到博茨瓦纳参观，并且喜欢大自然的野性。根据第二段中“Thedryheatwasfierceandtheonlybreakcamefromusingourpreciouswaterforbriefbucketshowers.(干热酷热难耐，唯一的休息就是用我们珍贵的水做短暂的水桶淋浴。)”可知，他水充足。根据第五段中“Thatnight,sleepingontheroofofthejeep(那天晚上，我们睡在吉普车的车顶上)”可知，他晚上不睡在旅馆里。故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Withnoairconditionerandanenginewhichmightbreakdownatanytime,itwastoughwork.(没有空调，发动机随时都可能出故障，这是一项艰巨的工作。)”可知，旅行艰难；第一段中“Becausethere'snothingquitelikethevastAfricanwilderness…(因为没有什么能像广阔的非洲荒野一样……)”以及最后一段“Wesetoffforanothermorninginchingthroughthesand;anotherdayofchanginglandscapesandraw,wildbeauty;anothernightlitbyshootingstars.(我们在沙滩上缓慢前行，开始了另一个早晨；又是变幻的风景和原始、野性之美的一天；又是一个被流星照亮的夜晚。)”由此可知非洲大草原的神奇。故选C。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词前的“Attheheightofthedryseason,leavesinthetreeshadallfallendown(在旱季最盛的时候，树上的叶子都掉了下来)”和后面的“soweplacedourselvesnearaleaflesstree(所以我们把自己放在一棵没有叶子的树旁边)”可知，在旱季最严重的时候，树上的叶子都掉了，树荫不足。由此可见，scant意为“不足的”。A.inadequate不充足；B.unbending不弯曲；C.abundant充足；D.ready准备好的。故选A。【27题详解】标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“IusedtoliveinSouthernAfricaandrecentlywentbacktoBotswanatovisittheCentralKalahariGameReservewithmyfriendOscar.Why?Becausethere’snothingquitelikethevastAfricanwilderness...(我曾经住在非洲南部，最近和我的朋友奥斯卡一起回到博茨瓦纳参观了卡拉哈里中央野生动物保护区。为什么？因为没有什么能像广阔的非洲荒野一样……)可知，本文讲述的是作者的非洲荒野之旅，这个旅途上很艰苦，但是自然美景吸引他们勇敢地继续前进。B选项“MyGreatEscapeintotheWild(我的荒野大逃亡)”，符合题意，其它选项都是以偏概全。故选B。浙江省强基联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考BAdoctorwalkedintoanoperatingroomwhereanoperationwasbeingperformed.Everythingseemedtobegoingwell,butthedoctornoticedthatnoonewaswearingafacemask.Hewassurprised--wearingafacemaskisabasichospitalprocedure.Buthedidn’tsayanything.Theoperationwasasuccess,butafewdayslaterthepatientcamedownwithafever.Itturnedoutthatshehadcontractedaseriousinfection,probablybecausethedoctorsandnurseshadn’tfollowedasimplerule.AtulGawandewasinterestedinthatstoryandcarriedoutaresearchontheimportanceofachecklisttoboosthospitalservices.Gawandeisadoctorhimself,andinhisresearchhesuggeststhatifsurgeonsrunthroughasimplechecklistbeforeeveryoperation,thenliveswillbesaved.Andhe’sgotthenumberstoproveit.In2001,anexperimentatanAmericanhospitalrequireddoctorstouseafive-pointchecklistbeforetheycarriedoutspecificprocedures.Thechecklistwasjustalistofroutinethingsdoctorshouldnormallydowithoutthinking--wearinglatexgloves,washingtheirhandsbeforeandaftereverypatient,andsoon.Bymakingsurethatthechecklistwasfollowed,therewerealmostnoinfectionsduringthe27monthsoftheexperiment,andtheyestimatethataroundeightlivesweresaved.WhenthechecklistwastestedagaininhospitalsinMichigan,infectionswentdownby66percent.Inhisstudy,Gawandelooksatotherprofessions,too,tosupporthisargumentthatchecklistsreduceaccidentsandimprovesuccessrates.Hepointsoutthatpeoplelikeengineersandpilotsusechecklistsallthetime,andhecomesupwithsomegoodexamples.Justimaginethatanairplanecrashedbecausethepilothadfailedtofollowbasicprocedures.Supposeaskyscrapercollapsedbecausetheengineershadn’trememberedtodosomeimportantcalculations.Peoplewoulddemandthatofficialslookintotheseeventsimmediately.Gawande’sstudyfindingisreallyinterestingandreceivedmuchpublicattention.Itremindsusthatsometimestheeasiestwaytoavoidmakingmistakesistofollowaverysimplesetofrules.It’srelevantforallofus,notjustfordoctors.24.Thefunctionofthefirstparagraphinthistextisto________.A.introducetheoriginoftheideaforGawande’sstudyB.explaintheimportanceofthebasichospitalprocedureC.explorethecausesofinfectionsamongpatientsinhospitalsD.emphasizetheurgencyofprovidingrelevanttrainingtodoctors25.Whatarethetwoexperimentsinparagraph2intendedtoprove?A.Youngmedicalstaffneedtofollowthechecklists.B.Checklistsarenecessaryforhospitalsinparticular.C.Hospitalsarerequiredtomaintaingoodmanagement.D.Medicalinfectionscanbereducedbyobservingasetofrules.26.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Aircrasheshardlyoccurredwiththebasicprocedures.B.Gawandeintendstopromotehisideatootherprofessions.C.Highbuildingsmaycollapseduetoengineers’miscalculations.D.Itisamustforapilotorengineertousetheirchecklists.27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardGawande’sstudy?A.Unclear. B.Dismissive. C.Approving. D.Doubtful.【答案】24.A25.D26.D27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了医生AtulGawande受到一个医疗事件的启发，着手研究如何通过严格执行操作程序清单提升医疗服务及其对其他行业的重要性。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Itturnedoutthatshehadcontractedaseriousinfection,probablybecausethedoctorsandnurseshadn’tfollowedasimplerule.”（结果她得了严重的感染，可能是因为医生和护士没有遵守一个简单的规则。）及第二段第一句“AtulGawandewasinterestedinthatstoryandcarriedoutaresearchontheimportanceofachecklisttoboosthospitalservices.”（AtulGawande对这个故事很感兴趣，并开展了一项关于清单对提高医院服务的重要性的研究。）可知，第一段描述的医疗事故激发了AtulGawande去研究严格执行操作程序清单的重要性，故第一段介绍了AtulGawande的研究想法的来源。故选A项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Bymakingsurethatthechecklistwasfollowed,therewerealmostnoinfectionsduringthe27monthsoftheexperiment,andtheyestimatethataroundeightlivesweresaved.WhenthechecklistwastestedagaininhospitalsinMichigan,infectionswentdownby66percent.”（通过确保遵守清单，在27个月的实验中几乎没有感染，他们估计大约有8条生命得救。当这份清单在密歇根州的医院再次进行测试时，感染率下降了66%。）可知，这两个实验都表明严格执行操作程序清单可以减少医疗事故，提高手术成功率。故选D项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Hepointsoutthatpeoplelikeengineersandpilotsusechecklistsallthetime,andhecomesupwithsomegoodexamples.”（他指出，像工程师和飞行员这样的人一直在使用清单，他举出了一些很好的例子。）及第三四句“Justimaginethatanairplanecrashedbecausethepilothadfailedtofollowbasicprocedures.Supposeaskyscrapercollapsedbecausetheengineershadn’trememberedtodosomeimportantcalculations.”（想象一下，一架飞机因为飞行员没有遵守基本程序而坠毁。假设一座摩天大楼因为工程师们忘记做一些重要的计算而倒塌。）可知，Gawande发现严格遵守操作程序对其他行业的重要性。像工程师及飞行员等职业稍一疏忽就会造成重大的事故，故飞行员或工程师必须严格执行操作程序清单。故选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Gawande’sstudyfindingisreallyinterestingandreceivedmuchpublicattention.Itremindsusthatsometimestheeasiestwaytoavoidmakingmistakesistofollowaverysimplesetofrules.It’srelevantforallofus,notjustfordoctors.”（Gawande的研究发现非常有趣，受到了公众的广泛关注。它提醒我们，有时候避免犯错最简单的方法就是遵循一套非常简单的规则。这与我们所有人都相关，而不仅仅是医生。）可知，作者认为Gawande的研究非常有价值，对其持认可的态度。故选C项。浙江省新阵地教育联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次联考BTheSouthBronxisoneofthepoorestandmostpollutedplacesinAmerica,withsmog-chokedfreewaysandsmellywastewatertreatmentplants.“We’readumpingground,”Omarexplains.“AllthegarbagefromtherestofNewYorkCityendsuphere.”ButOmarstartedlookingatgarbageinadifferentway.“Alotofwhatpeoplethrowawayisperfectlygood,”hesays.“Justlookatthatstufffromconstructionsites—doors,sinks,toilets.Peoplewillbuythosethings.It’sonlycalledgarbagebecausesomebodythrewitaway.”OmarwasjustoutofcollegeandworkingforanenvironmentalgroupcalledSustainableSouthBronxwhenhestartedconsideringhowtogetthis“goodgarbage”topeoplewhocoulduseit.Insteadofdestroyingoldthings,whynotcleanthemupandresellthem?Whynothirepeopleinthecommunitytodothework?Betteryet,whynotmakethisbusinessa“cooperative,”whichmeansthepeopleworkinginthebusinessownitandsharetheprofits?Outofthis,Omarstartedthefirstcooperativeinthecountrydedicatedtoreusingconstructionwaste.Tostarthisbusiness,Omarputupflyersalongthetruck-jammed,trash-filledneighborhoodstreets,lookingforpeopletoworkwithhim.Hesoonfoundfourotherdedicatedworkers.Theyrentedawarehouseandstartedlookingfordonationsofusedmaterials.InApril2008,Omar’scooperative,ReBuildersSource,openeditsbusinessandbegansellingconstructionsupplies—atreasonableprices—toneighborhoodbuildersandhomeowners.Withthehelpofcityofficials,healsobeganplanninganewtrainingprogramtohelplocalresidentslearntheskillstogetgoodjobsthathelptheenvironmentandevenstarttheirowncooperatives.Workersweretrainedtocarefullytakebuildingsapartsothatthingslikedoorsandwindowscanbereusedinsteadofbeingsmashedandsentofftoalandfill.Deconstructingbuildingsthiswaycouldbeahugeindustrywithmanygoodjobsforpeoplewhoneedthem.“Ifyouhaveauseforsomething,”Omarsays,“it’snolongerwaste.”24.WhyistheSouthBronxmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Toarousereaders’interest. B.Toserveasthebackgroundinformation.C.Tocontrastwiththeotherdistricts. D.Tointroduceafamousplace.25.WhichwasNotthereasonforOmar’screatingacooperativebusiness?A.Toprovidejobsforlocalpeople. B.Todealwithdumpedrubbish.C.Toincreasecooperationamongneighbors. D.Tomakemoneyfromgarbage.26.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeOmar?A.Idealisticandbusiness-minded. B.Creativeandaction-oriented.C.Practicalandself-focused. D.Devotedandiron-hearted.27.WhichsayingmightinterpretOmar’saction?A.Knowledgestartswithpractice. B.Onegoodturndeservesanother.C.Foureyesseemorethantwo. D.Killtwobirdswithonestone.【答案】24.B25.C26.B27.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。南布朗克斯是美国最贫穷、污染最严重的地区之一，这里是一个垃圾倾倒地，刚刚大学毕业的奥马尔想到创建合作企业来为当地人提供就业机会、处理倾倒的垃圾和从垃圾中获利。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段““We’readumpingground,”Omarexplains.“AllthegarbagefromtherestofNewYorkCityendsuphere.”(“我们是一个垃圾场，”奥马尔解释说。“纽约市其他地方的垃圾都被送到了这里。”)”和第三段开头“ButOmarstartedlookingatgarbageinadifferentway.(但奥马尔开始用一种不同的方式看待垃圾)”可知后续内容要描述奥马尔如何利用这个地方的垃圾，所以第一段的内容是背景信息。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Insteadofdestroyingoldthings,whynotcleanthemupandresellthem?Whynothirepeopleinthecommunitytodothework?Betteryet,whynotmakethisbusinessa“cooperative,”whichmeansthepeopleworkinginthebusinessownitandsharetheprofits?(与其毁掉旧东西，为什么不把它们清理干净再卖掉呢？为什么不雇社区里人来做这项工作呢？更好的是，为什么不让这个企业成为“合作社”，这意味着在企业工作的人拥有它并分享利润?)”可知奥马尔创建合作企业的原因包括处理倾倒的垃圾、为当地人提供就业机会并从垃圾中获得利润，C选项“Toincreasecooperationamongneighbors.(促进邻里和睦相处)”未提及。故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ButOmarstartedlookingatgarbageinadifferentway.(但奥马尔开始用一种不同的方式看待垃圾)”和“Insteadofdestroyingoldthings,whynotcleanthemupandresellthem?Whynothirepeopleinthecommunitytodothework?Betteryet,whynotmakethisbusinessa“cooperative,”whichmeansthepeopleworkinginthebusinessownitandsharetheprofits?(与其毁掉旧东西，为什么不把它们清理干净再卖掉呢？为什么不雇社区里的人来做这项工作呢？更好的是，为什么不让这个企业成为“合作社”，这意味着在企业工作的人拥有它并分享利润?)”可推测出奥马尔是一个“有创造力的”人。根据第四段“Outofthis,Omarstartedthefirstcooperativeinthecountrydedicatedtoreusingconstructionwaste.Tostarthisbusiness,Omarputupflyersalongthetruck-jammed,trash-filledneighborhoodstreets,lookingforpeopletoworkwithhim.Hesoonfoundfourotherdedicatedworkers.Theyrentedawarehouseandstartedlookingfordonationsofusedmaterials.(以此为基础，奥马尔创办了国内第一家致力于建筑垃圾再利用的合作社。为了创业，奥马尔在卡车堵塞、垃圾遍地的社区街道上张贴传单，寻找能和他一起工作的人。他很快就找到了另外四名敬业的工人。他们租了一个仓库，开始寻找二手材料的捐赠)”可知，奥马尔执行力很强，是一个“行动导向的”人。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Workersweretrainedtocarefullytakebuildingsapartsothatthingslikedoorsandwindowscanbereusedinsteadofbeingsmashedandsentofftoalandfill.Deconstructingbuildingsthiswaycouldbeahugeindustrywithmanygoodjobsforpeoplewhoneedthem.(工人们接受过仔细拆卸建筑物的培训，这样门窗之类的东西就可以重复使用，而不是被打碎送到垃圾填埋场。以这种方式解构建筑可以成为一个巨大的产业，为需要它们的人提供许多好工作)”并结合上下文，奥马尔看到南布朗克斯遍地垃圾，萌生了利用这些垃圾创业的想法。在他的努力下，垃圾得到重复使用，同时给当地的人提供了就业机会，所以“一举两得”可以解释奥马尔的行为。故选D。浙江省教改共同体2023-2024学年高三上学期1月联考BNicoleLathamisa21-year-oldlawstudentfromUniversityofLeeds.Whenshe’snotstudyingforherdegree,Nicolecompetesinweightliftingcompetitions.Shealsodoesagoodjobinkarate.Ontopofgymandmartialarts,Nicoleisalsoinandoutofthedoctor’soffice.Shewasdiagnosed(诊断)withmultiplesclerosis(MS),araredisease,ayearago.ThefirstattackhappenedwhileshewaspreparingforherA-Levels,ahugelystressfultimeformanystudents.Andatthetime,allshethoughtaboutwas:stress.Butitturnedouttobevertigo(眩晕)andlikelythefirstMSattack.Nicolecarriedonpreparingforherexams.Shesatwithoneeyeclosedtoimprovehervisionwhichwasdamagedfromhervertigoexperience.Thatwaswhenshedecidedtoactandheadbacktothedoctor’soffice.Shetooklo