2024年-上海交通大学-C-语言程序设计期末考试

下载后可任意编辑C++Examination:Wednesday1stDecember2024《C++语言程序设计考题》(5marks)Whatisthebinaryvalueofthedecimal7?（10进制中的7表示为二进制，结果为多少）Whatisthehexadecimalvalueofthedecimal16?（10进制中的16表示为16进制，结果为多少）Whatisthebinaryvalue00110101asadecimal?(二进制数00110101对应的十进制是多少)Whatisthevalueofthebinarysum00101+00011?(两个二进制数00101和00011相加的结果是多少)（注意：结果用二进制表示）Whatisthevalueofthehexadecimalmultiplication2x10?（十六进制数2和10相乘的结果是多少）（注意：结果用十六进制表示）(5marks)UsingtheASCIItablebelow,whatisthevalueofthehexadecimalsequence“432B2B204578616D21”?根据下面的ASCII码表，写出十六进制序列“432B2B204578616D21”2030040@50P60`70p21!31141A51Q61a71q22"32242B52R62b72r23#33343C53S63c73s24$34444D54T64d74t25%35545E55U65e75u26&36646F56V66f76v27'37747G57W67g77w28(38848H58X68h78x29)39949I59Y69i79y2A*3A:4AJ5AZ6Aj7Az2B+3B;4BK5B[6Bk7B{2C,3C<4CL5C\6Cl7C|2D-3D=4DM5D]6Dm7D}2E.3E>4EN5E^6En7E~2F/3F?4FO5F_6Fo7F(8marks)Whatistheoutputfromeachofthefollowingfourprograms?下面四个程序对应的输出分别是什么？#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;voidfn();intmain(){ inta=7; fn(); cout<<a; return0;}voidfn(){ staticintb=8; b++;}#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;voidfn(int);intmain(){ fn(8); return0;}voidfn(inta){ cout<<a+1<<endl;}#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;voidfn(int*);intmain(){ inta=7; fn(&a); cout<<a<<endl; return0;}voidfn(int*b){ (*b)++;}#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;inta;voidfn();intmain(){ a=7; fn(); cout<<a<endl; return0;}voidfn(){ a++;}(2marks)Whatvaluedoesthefollowingprogramreturntotheoperatingsystem?下面程序返回给操作系统的值是什么？#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;intfn(int);intmain(){ intx=fn(7); return0;}intfn(inta){ returna++;}(5marks)Whatcodecanbeinsertedasline2ofthefollowingprogramtoallowittocompileandoperatecorrectly?在下面程序第二行加入什么代码才能使得程序编译和运行正确？#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;intmain(){ strings="HelloWorld!"; cout<<s; return0;}(5marks)Whatistheexactoutputofthefollowingprogram?下面程序的精确输出是什么？#include<iostream>#include<vector>usingnamespacestd;intmain(){ intinit[]={2,4,6,8,10}; vector<int>v(init,init+5); cout<<"Thevectoris:"; for(inti=1;i<v.size();i++) cout<<v[i]<<""; cout<<endl; return0;}(5marks)Whatistheexactoutputofthefollowingprogram?下面程序的精确输出是什么？#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;intmain(){ inta=2; a++; cout<<"Thenumberis:"; switch(a) { case1: cout<<"one"; case2: cout<<"two"; case3: cout<<"three"; case4: cout<<"four"; case5: cout<<"five"; default: cout<<"?"; } cout<<endl; return0;}(10marks)Thefirsttwolinesoutputbythefollowingprogramare“4”and“0012FF6C”下面程序的前两行输出为4和0012FF6C，程序中接下来其它行的输出是什么？#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;intmain(){ inta[]={2,4,6,8,10}; cout<<sizeof(a[1])<<endl <<&a[0]<<endl <<sizeof(a)<<endl <<a[3]<<endl <<&a[1]<<endl <<*(a+2)<<endl <<a<<endl; return0;}(5marks)Thefollowingfailstocompilewiththecompileroutputbelow.Whatcouldyouinsertasline4toallowtheprogramtocompileandoperatecorrectly?下面程序编译时输出的错误信息如下所示，请问在第4行加入什么语句才能使得程序编译和运行正确#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;intmain(){cout<<twice(7)<<endl;return0;}inttwice(inta){ return2*a;}Compiling...exam.cppexam.cpp(8):errorC2065:'twice':undeclaredidentifierexam.cpp(13):errorC2373:'twice':redefinition;differenttypemodifiersErrorexecutingcl.exe.Creatingbrowseinfofile...exam.exe-2error(s),0warning(s)(10marks)ThethreemainmethodsofindicatinganerrorinafunctionareReturnaspecialvalue(e.g.–1foranerror)Returntrueforsuccess,falseforanerror.Returndataviaapointervariable.ThrowanexceptionShowanexampleofacompletefunctionandanexampleofhowitmightbecalledforeachofthesethreemethods.用来指出一个函数中错误的三种主要方法是：1．返回一个特别的值（比如说错误时返回－1）。2．成功时返回真，错误时返回假，并且通过指针变量返回数据。3．陷入异常处理机制。请给出一个完整的函数和一个程序实例用以说明上述三种情况下函数分别是如何被调用的。(5marks)Whatarethemainusesofaconstructorfunction?构造函数的主要功能是什么？(5marks)GiveatleastthreeareaswheretheC++languageimprovesontheClanguage.请至少给出三个C++语言优于C语言的方面(5marks)Whatisthepurposeofthestatement“usingnamespacestd;”inaprogram?在程序中加入语句“usingnamespacestd;”的作用是什么？(5marks)Forthestudentmarkscasestudy(AppendixA),whatwouldbetheexactcontentsofthefile“out.txt”ifthecurrentmainfunctionwerereplacedwiththisone?根据附件A中提供的学生课程成绩处理程序，假如把主程序改成如下形式，在文件“out.txt”中的输出结果是什么？intmain(){universitycdut;student*ss=cdut.add_student(2468,"Ross");s=cdut.add_student(1012,"Noel");ofstreamfout("out.txt");cdut.print(fout);s2->print(fout);fout.close();return0;}(10marks)Thefollowingclassextendsthestudentclasstostoreinformationaboutpostgraduatestudents.Inadditiontotheinformationstoredaboutregularstudentspostgraduatealsostorethetitleofathesisandthenameoftheirsupervisor.Howshouldthenumberedblanksbereplaced?下面的类是从学生类扩展而来，用来保存讨论生的信息的。（讨论生类）除了拥有普通学生的信息之外，还要保存他们论文的题目以及导师的姓名。请问在标有数字的空格部分该用什么语句替换才能实现这些功能？classpostgraduate:___(1)______(2)___{___(3)___ ___(4)___(int,string,string,string); ___(5)___get_thesis(); stringget_supervisor(); voidprint(ostreamout=cout);private: stringthesis; stringsupervisor;}postgraduate::postgraduate(int_id,string_name,string_super,string_thes){ if(___(6)___<0)throw("idmustbepositive"); name=_name;