2025年成人高考成考(专升本)英语新考纲试题集详解

2025年成人高考成考英语(专升本)新考纲试题集详解一、语音知识（共60题）1、Choosethewordwhoseunderlinedparthasadifferentpronunciationfromtheothers:A.comeB.homeC.boneD.noteAnswer:A

Explanation:InoptionA,theunderlined“o”in“come”ispronounced/ʌ/,whileinoptionsB,C,andD,theunderlined“o”ispronounced/əʊ/(British)or/oʊ/(American),makingthesoundin“come”differentfromtheothers.2、Identifythewordthatcontainsadifferentvowelsoundintheunderlinedpart:A.leaveB.breathC.sweatD.greatAnswer:A

Explanation:Theunderlined“ea”in“leave”(optionA)ispronounced/iː/,whereasin“breath”(B),“sweat”(C),and“great”(D),althoughtheyhavevaryingpronunciations(/e/,/ɛ/,/eɪ/respectively),theydonotcontainthe/iː/soundfoundin“leave”.Thus,optionAstandsoutashavingadistinctvowelsoundcomparedtotherest.3、Choosethewordthathasthesamevowelsoundastheword“cat.”A.hatB.manC.sunD.catAnswer:AExplanation:Theword“cat”hastheshort“a”sound.Amongtheoptions,“hat”alsohasthesameshort“a”sound.4、Selectthewordthatdoesnotrhymewith“star.”A.carB.barC.farD.careAnswer:DExplanation:Theword“star”rhymeswith“car,”“bar,”and“far.”Theword“care”doesnotrhymewith“star”becauseitendswiththe“are”sound,notthe“er”soundastheotherwords.5、Choosethewordwhoseunderlinedparthasadifferentpronunciationfromtheothers:A.beachB.teacherC.heartD.meanAnswer:CExplanation:InoptionsA,B,andD,theunderlinedpart“ea”ispronouncedas/iː/,whichsoundslike“ee”.However,inoptionC,“ea”in“heart”ispronouncedas/ɜːr/,whichsoundsmorelike“er”.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisCbecauseithasadifferentpronunciationfortheunderlinedpart.6、Identifythewordthatcontainsthesound/æ/:A.catB.fatherC.walkD.appleAnswer:AExplanation:Thesound/æ/isashortvowelsoundthatcanbeheardinwordslike“cat”,“hat”,and“map”.Amongthegivenoptions,only“cat”(optionA)containsthisspecificsound.OptionBhasthelong“a”sound/ɑː/,optionChasthe“aw”sound/ɔː/,andoptionDhastheshort“a”soundbutinthecontextoftheword“apple,”it’softenpronouncedcloserto/æ/inAmericanEnglish,thoughnotaspureasin“cat”.Thus,themostaccuratechoiceforthe/æ/soundisA.7、Inthefollowingsentence,whichwordisthesubject?

a)Thecatissleeping.

b)Sleepsthecat.

c)Sleeping,thecat.

d)Thecatsleeps.Answer:a)Thecatissleeping.Explanation:Thesubjectofasentenceistheperson,place,thing,orideathatperformstheactionorisbeingdescribed.Inthiscase,“Thecat”isperformingtheactionof“sleeping,”makingitthesubject.Thecorrectsentencestructureforasubject-verb-object(SVO)sentenceis“Thecat(subject)is(verb)sleeping(object).”8、Whichofthefollowingsentencesiscorrect?

a)Shedoesn’tknowhowtodrive,doesshe?

b)Shedoesn’tknowhowtodrive,doesshe?

c)Shedoesn’tknowhowtodrive,doesshe?

d)Shedoesn’tknowhowtodrive,doesn’tshe?Answer:a)Shedoesn’tknowhowtodrive,doesshe?Explanation:Thecorrectquestiontagforanegativesentenceisapositiveformoftheverbinthequestiontag.Inthiscase,sincethemainclauseisnegative(“Shedoesn’tknowhowtodrive”),thequestiontagshouldbepositive(“doesshe”).Therefore,optiona)isthecorrectsentence.9、Choosethewordinwhichtheunderlinedparthasadifferentpronunciationfromtheothers:A._b_ootB._f_oodC._g_irlD._c_ookAnswer:C

Explanation:InoptionsA,B,andD,theunderlinedlettersarepronouncedas/uː/,whileinoptionC,theunderlinedletterispronouncedas/ɜːl/.Therefore,optionChasadifferentpronunciationcomparedtotheotherthreeoptions.10、Selectthewordwheretheunderlinedletterhasthesamepronunciationasthe“ch”in“character”:A.ch_eck_B.s_ch_oolC.ch_aracter_D.ch_ocolateAnswer:C

Explanation:The“ch”in“character”hasa/k/sound.Amongthegivenoptions,only“character”itselfhasthe“ch”pronouncedas/k/.Otheroptionshavedifferentpronunciations:“check”(/tʃ/),“school”(/skuːl/-here“ch”issilent),and“chocolate”(/ˈtʃɒkəliːt/).11、Choosethewordthatbestcompletesthesentence.Thespeaker’stonewasA)enthusiasticB)monotonousC)animatedD)solemnwhenheannouncedtheresultsofthesurvey.Answer:D)solemnExplanation:Theword“solemn”isthebestchoiceasitindicatesaseriousandformaltone,whichisoftenassociatedwithannouncingimportantresults.“Enthusiastic”impliesexcitement,“monotonous”suggestsboredom,and“animated”meanslively,noneofwhichfitthecontextofannouncingserioussurveyresults.12、Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainsanexampleofanirregularpluralnoun?A.Thechildrenareplayingoutside.B.Thepotatoesareonthetable.C.Thetomatoesweregrownbythegardener.D.Thehumanshaveevolvedovertime.Answer:B)Thepotatoesareonthetable.Explanation:Theword“potatoes”isanirregularpluralnounbecauseitdoesnotfollowthestandardruleofadding“-s”tothesingularform“potato.”Theotheroptionsuseregularpluralnouns(“children,”“tomatoes,”“humans”)orsingularnouns(“table”).13、Thesentence“Shehasbeenlivinginthesamehouseformorethantwentyyears”containsthefollowingnumberofphonemes:A.15B.16C.17D.18Answer:B.16Explanation:Thesentencecontainsthefollowingphonemes:/h//iː//æ//h//æ//v//iːn//ð//eɪ//d//ə//h//eɪ//s//eɪ//f//ər//m//ɔː//r//ə//ð//iː//n//ð//eɪ//s//iː//m//iː//h//əʊ//s//eɪ//s//əʊ/.Thistotals16phonemes.14、Whichofthefollowingwordshasthelongestphonetictranscription?A.CatB.MountainC.BananaD.ElephantAnswer:D.ElephantExplanation:Thephonetictranscriptionsforthewordsareasfollows:Cat:/kæt/Mountain:/ˈmaʊntən/Banana:/bəˈnɑːnə/Elephant:/ɪˈlɛfənt/Theword“Elephant”hasthelongestphonetictranscriptionwith8phonemes.15、Thesentence“Thebookiseasytounderstand,butdifficulttoputintopractice.”isanexampleof:A.A.AntonymyB.HomonymyC.HomophonyD.PolysemyAnswer:C)HomophonyExplanation:Homophonyreferstothesituationwherewordsarepronouncedthesamebuthavedifferentmeaningsandsometimesdifferentspellings,like“to,”“too,”and“two.”Thesentencegivenisanexampleofhomophonybecause“easy”and“put”arepronouncedthesamewaybuthavedifferentmeanings.16、Choosethewordthatbestcompletesthesentence:“Theprofessor’slecturewasso__________thateveryoneenjoyedit.”A.stimulatingB.exhaustingC.boringD.confusingAnswer:A)stimulatingExplanation:Theword“stimulating”fitsthecontextofthesentencebecauseitmeanstoexciteorprovokeinterestandenthusiasm.Thesentencesuggeststhatthelecturewasinterestingandengaging,whichistheoppositeof“exhausting,”“boring,”and“confusing.”17、Thesentence“Thesunisshining,andit’sabeautifulday.”containsa(n)_______clause.A.coordinateB.subordinateC.relativeD.adverbialAnswer:A.coordinateExplanation:Thesentencecontainstwoindependentclausesjoinedbythecoordinatingconjunction“and.”Thistypeofclauseisknownasacoordinateclause.18、Choosethewordthatdoesnotbelonginthefollowinglist:happy,sad,angry,hungry,_______.A.excitedB.excitedlyC.excitementD.exciteAnswer:C.excitementExplanation:Theword“excitement”isanoun,whiletheotherwordsareadjectivesthatdescribeemotions.“Excitedly”isanadverb,and“excite”isaverb.19、Choosethewordthatisspelledcorrectlyinthefollowingoptions:

a)Accomodate

b)Accomadate

c)Accomodate

d)AccomoditeAnswer:a)AccomodateExplanation:Thecorrectspellingofthewordis“accommodate.”Optionsb,c,anddallcontainerrorsinthespellingoftheword.20、Selectthesentencethathascorrectsubject-verbagreement:

a)Eachofthestudentshavetheirownlaptop.

b)Neitherofthebooksisavailableinthelibrary.

c)Bothofthecatshasbeenfed.

d)Allofthechildrenwereplayinginthepark.Answer:b)Neitherofthebooksisavailableinthelibrary.Explanation:Thecorrectsubject-verbagreementisfoundinoptionb.“Neither”isusedwiththesingularverb“is.”Optionsa,c,anddallhaveincorrectsubject-verbagreement.21、Choosethewordthatdoesnotbelonginthefollowinggroup:

a)vocabulary

b)syntax

c)phonology

d)grammarAnswer:c)phonologyExplanation:Theword“phonology”referstothescientificstudyofthesoundsoflanguage.Theotheroptions(vocabulary,syntax,andgrammar)areallrelatedtothestructureanduseoflanguage,butnotspecificallytosounds.22、Whichofthefollowingtermsreferstothewayinwhichwordsarepronouncedinaparticularlanguage?MorphologySyntaxPhonologySemanticsAnswer:c)PhonologyExplanation:Phonologyisthebranchoflinguisticsthatstudiesthesoundsoflanguageandhowtheyareorganized.Morphologydealswiththestructureofwords,syntaxwiththestructureofsentences,andsemanticswiththemeaningofwordsandsentences.23、Choosethewordthathasthesamevowelsoundastheword“goat”.A.greatB.hopeC.coatD.boatAnswer:C)coatExplanation:Theword“goat”ispronouncedwiththeshort/ɒ/sound.Amongthegivenoptions,“coat”alsohasthesameshort/ɒ/sound.24、Whichofthefollowingsentencesiscorrectintermsofvowelsound?A.Shehasacat.B.Heisinthegarden.C.Theyareeatingbread.D.Itisasunnyday.Answer:D)Itisasunnyday.Explanation:Theword“sunny”inoptionDispronouncedwiththelong/uː/sound.Theotheroptionshavedifferentvowelsounds:“has”(/æ/),“in”(/ɪ/),and“eating”(/eɪ/).25、Choosethewordthatbestcompletesthesentence.Theprofessor__________(A)explainedtheconceptthoroughly.(B)wasexplainingtheconcept.(C)hadexplainedtheconcept.(D)isexplainingtheconcept.Answer:A

Explanation:Thesentencerequiresthepastsimpletensetodescribeanactionthatwascompletedinthepast.“Explained”isthecorrectpasttenseformoftheverb“explain.”26、Selectthecorrectformoftheverbinparenthesestocompletethesentence.Thestudents__________(A)havebeenwaiting(B)waiting(C)waited(D)havewaitedAnswer:A

Explanation:Thesentencerequiresthepresentperfectcontinuoustensetodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandisstillcontinuingatthepresent.Thecorrectformis“havebeenwaiting.”27、Choosethewordthatbestcompletesthesentence:

Theprofessor’slecturewassofascinatingthatitkeptus__________forhours.A.waitingB.waitingforC.waitedD.waitedonAnswer:A)waitingExplanation:Thecorrectansweris“waiting”becauseitisthecorrectformtouseasagerund(averbusedasanoun)inthiscontext.Thesentencemeansthatthelecturewassocaptivatingthatitheldourattentionforalongtime.28、Selectthecorrectformoftheverbtofillintheblank:

Thebookhasbeen_______ontheshelfformonths.A.layingB.lainC.layD.layingAnswer:B)lainExplanation:Thecorrectansweris“lain,”whichisthepastparticipleoftheverb“lie.”Thesentenceisusingthepassivevoicetodescribeastateofbeing,andthepastparticipleisusedafter“hasbeen”intheperfectpassivetense.29、Choosethewordthatbestcompletesthesentence:

The__________ofthebookisquiteimpressive,consideringitslength.A.authorB.contentC.titleD.structureAnswer:D.structureExplanation:Theword“structure”referstothearrangementororganizationofthebook,whichisthemostappropriatechoiceconsideringthecontextofthesentence.Theotheroptions,suchas“author,”“content,”and“title,”donotfitaswellinthiscontext.30、Selectthecorrectwordformtocompletethesentence:

Theprofessor__________thestudents’essaysbeforegradingthem.A.examinesB.examinedC.examiningD.willexamineAnswer:B.examinedExplanation:Thesentencerequiresthepastsimpletensetodescribeanactionthathappenedbeforegrading.Therefore,“examined”isthecorrectchoice.Theotheroptionsarenotsuitableforthepastsimpletenseinthiscontext.31、Choosethecorrectwordformtocompletethesentence:“Theprofessor__________(read)thetextbookchaptertothestudents.”A.readsB.readingC.readD.hasreadAnswer:C.readExplanation:Thesentencedescribesapastactionthathasalreadybeencompleted.Therefore,thesimplepasttenseisthecorrectchoice.32、Fillintheblankwiththeappropriateformoftheverb“todo”:“BythetimeI__________(arrive)attheparty,thecake__________(alreadybe)eaten.”A.arrive,hasbeenB.arrived,hadbeenC.amarriving,willhavebeenD.willarrive,hasbeenAnswer:B.arrived,hadbeenExplanation:Thefirstblankshouldbefilledwiththepastsimpletense“arrived”becausethesentencereferstoapastevent.Thesecondblankshouldbefilledwiththepastperfecttense“hadbeen”toindicateanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotherpastaction.33、Theword“determine”inthesentence“Theoutcomeoftheelectionwasdeterminedbythevoters’decisions.”isusedasa(n)___________.A.verbB.adjectiveC.nounD.adverbAnswer:A.verbExplanation:Theword“determine”isactingasaverbinthesentence,asitindicatesanactionthatwasperformedbythevoters’decisions.34、Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasthecorrectuseoftheword“although”?A.Althoughsheisyoung,shehasalreadyachievedalot.B.Althoughsheisyoung,shealreadyachievedalot.C.Sheisyoungalthoughshehasalreadyachievedalot.D.Sheisyoung,althoughshealreadyachievedalot.Answer:A.Althoughsheisyoung,shehasalreadyachievedalot.Explanation:Thecorrectuseoftheword“although”requiresittobeplacedatthebeginningoftheclause.Therefore,optionAhasthecorrectstructure.35、Choosethecorrectwordtocompletethesentence:

The__________oftheword“education”haschangedsignificantlyoverthepastcentury.A.pronunciationB.meaningC.spellingD.originAnswer:A)pronunciationExplanation:Thequestionisaskingaboutthechangeinhowtheword“education”ispronouncedovertime,whichisthecorrectanswer.Theotheroptions,meaning,spelling,andorigin,refertodifferentaspectsofthewordbutarenotthefocusofthequestion.36、WhichofthefollowingisNOTapartofthephoneticalphabet?A.AlphaB.EchoC.GolfD.NovemberAnswer:D)NovemberExplanation:ThephoneticalphabetisasetofwordsusedtorepresentthesoundsoftheEnglishlanguage.“November”isnotoneofthesewords;instead,thephoneticalphabetincludeswordslike“Alpha,”“Echo,”“Golf,”“Hotel,”“India,”“Juliet,”“Kilo,”“Lima,”“Mike,”“November,”“Oscar,”“Papa,”“Quebec,”“Romeo,”“Sierra,”“Tango,”“Uniform,”“Victor,”“Whiskey,”“X-ray,”“Yankee,”and“Zulu.”Therefore,“November”istheincorrectchoice.37、Choosethewordthatdoesnotbelonginthefollowinggroup:

a)pronunciation

b)phonology

c)vocabulary

d)syntaxAnswer:d)syntaxExplanation:“Pronunciation,”“phonology,”and“vocabulary”arealltermsrelatedtothestudyoflanguagesoundsandwords.“Syntax,”ontheotherhand,isconcernedwiththerulesthatgovernthestructureofsentencesandisnotdirectlyrelatedtothestudyofsoundsorwords.38、Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutphonemesiscorrect?

a)Theyarethesmallestunitsofsoundinalanguagethatcandistinguishmeaning.

b)Theyarealwaysthesameacrossalldialectsofalanguage.

c)Theycannotberepresentedbyasinglegraphemeinalanguage.

d)Theydonotchangetheirformwhentheyoccurindifferentwords.Answer:a)Theyarethesmallestunitsofsoundinalanguagethatcandistinguishmeaning.Explanation:Aphonemeisindeedthesmallestunitofsoundinalanguagethatcandifferentiatemeaning.Forexample,inEnglish,the“t”soundin“cat”and“cot”aredifferentphonemes,astheyrepresentdifferentmeanings.Theotheroptionsareincorrect:phonemescanvaryacrossdialects,mayberepresentedbyasinglegrapheme,andcanchangeformdependingontheirpositionwithinaword.39、Choosethewordthathasthesamevowelsoundastheword“sea”inthefollowingoptions:A.teaB.seeC.beeD.teaAnswer:B

Explanation:Theword“sea”ispronouncedwiththe/i/sound.Amongtheoptions,“see”alsohasthe/i/sound.Theotherwordshavedifferentvowelsounds:“tea”hasthe/i:/sound,“bee”hasthe/i/sound,and“tea”hasthe/i:/soundagain.40、Selectthewordthatdoesnotrhymewith“white”fromthefollowingoptions:A.fightB.nightC.lightD.brightAnswer:B

Explanation:Theword“white”rhymeswith“night”and“light”duetothe/aɪt/ending.However,“fight”and“bright”rhymewith“right”and“night,”respectively,notwith“white.”Therefore,“fight”isthewordthatdoesnotrhymewith“white.”41、Choosethewordwhoseunderlinedparthasadifferentpronunciationfromtheothers.A.carB.cityC.centerD.catAnswer:BExplanation:InoptionsA,C,andD,theunderlined“c”ispronouncedas/k/,whichisahard‘c’sound.However,inoptionB,theunderlined“c”in“city”ispronouncedas/s/,whichisasoft‘c’sound,makingitdifferentfromtheothers.42、Selectthewordthathasadifferentstresspatternfromtherest.A.recordB.presentC.recordD.projectAnswer:CExplanation:OptionsA,B,andDareallexamplesofwordsthatcanfunctionasbothnounsandverbs,changingtheirstresspatterndependingontheiruse.Whenusedasverbs,thestressisonthesecondsyllable(record,present,project).However,when“record”isusedasanoun,asitisintendedinthisquestion,thestressfallsonthefirstsyllable(record),distinguishingitfromtheotherswhicharemeanttobereadasverbsinthiscontext.43、Thesentence“Shehasagreat______forlearninglanguages.”iscorrectlycompletedwithwhichofthefollowingwords?A.abilityB.talentC.skillD.giftAnswer:B.talentExplanation:Thecorrectwordtocompletethesentenceis“talent,”asitimpliesanaturalaptitudeorabilitythatsomeonepossesses.“Ability,”“skill,”and“gift”canalsodescribeaperson’scapacitytolearnlanguages,but“talent”ismorespecifictoanatural,inbornability.44、Inthesentence“Theteacher______thestudentstostudyharder,”whichwordshouldbeusedintheblank?A.advisedB.suggestedC.recommendedD.proposedAnswer:A.advisedExplanation:Thecorrectwordtouseintheblankis“advised,”asitindicatesthattheteachergavethestudentsapieceofadviceorcounsel.“Suggested,”“recommended,”and“proposed”canalsomeantoofferadvice,but“advised”isthemostcommonandformalchoiceinthiscontext.45、Choosethewordwhoseunderlinedparthasadifferentpronunciationfromtheothers:A.carrotB.cityC.countryD.catAnswer:D

Explanation:InoptionsA,B,andC,theletter‘c’ispronouncedas/s/,whileinoptionD,theletter‘c’ispronouncedas/k/.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisDbecauseithasadifferentpronunciationfortheunderlinedpart.46、Selectthewordthathasadifferentstresspatternfromtherest:A.recordB.produceC.increaseD.examineAnswer:A

Explanation:OptionsB,C,andDhavethestressonthesecondsyllable(pro-duce,in-crease,ex-amine),whereasoptionAcanhavetwocommonpronunciationsdependingonitsusage.Asanoun,‘re-cord’stressesthesecondsyllable,butasaverb‘re-cord’,itstressesthefirstsyllable.Sincethequestiondoesnotspecify,andverbsaremorecommonlyusedinthisformatoftesting,theanswerassumestheverbform,makingAthewordwithadifferentstresspattern.47、Thesentence“Ihavelivedinthistownfortwentyyears.”containshowmanysyllables?A.4B.5C.6D.7Answer:B)5Explanation:Thesyllablecountforthesentenceisasfollows:I(1syllable),have(1syllable),lived(2syllables),in(1syllable),this(1syllable),town(1syllable),for(1syllable),twenty(2syllables),years(1syllable).Thetotalis5syllables.48、Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasanirregularpluralform?A.Thechildrenareplayingoutside.B.Thewomenhavecompletedtheirtasks.C.Thegeeseareswimminginthelake.D.Theteetharebeingbrushedbythedentist.Answer:C)Thegeeseareswimminginthelake.Explanation:Theregularpluralformofanounusuallyendsin-sor-es.However,theword“geese”isanirregularpluralformofthenoun“goose.”Theotheroptionshaveregularpluralforms:children(child+-en),women(woman+-en),andteeth(tooth+-es).49、Choosethewordwhoseunderlinedparthasadifferentpronunciationfromtheothers:A.bankB.centerC.partyD.happyAnswer:B.centerExplanation:InoptionsA,C,andD,theunderlinedletters‘b’,‘p’,and‘h’allrepresentvoicelessconsonantsatthebeginningofthewords.However,inoptionB,theletter‘c’in“center”representsavoicedsound/s/whenfollowedby‘e’,makingitspronunciationdistinctfromtheotheroptionswhichstartwithvoicelessconsonantsounds.50、Identifythewordthatcontainsadifferentvowelsoundintheunderlinedpart:A.teamB.swearC.dealD.beachAnswer:B.swearExplanation:TheunderlinedpartsinoptionsA,C,andDcontainthelongvowelsound/iː/,asheardin“team”,“deal”,and“beach”.Ontheotherhand,theunderlinedpartinoptionBcontainstheshortvowelsound/ɛər/in“swear”,whichisdifferentfromthe/iː/soundfoundintheotherthreechoices.51、Theword“benefit”ispronouncedas:A./ˈben.ɪ.fɪt/B./ˈben.ɪ.fɪt/C./ˈben.ɪ.tɪf/D./ˈben.ɪ.tɪv/Answer:A)/ˈben.ɪ.fɪt/Explanation:Theword“benefit”ispronouncedwiththestressonthefirstsyllable,andthe‘e’inthefirstsyllableislong,pronouncedas/ɪ/.Thecorrectpronunciationis/ˈben.ɪ.fɪt/.52、Choosethecorrectwordtocompletethesentence:Thecompany’snewpolicywill__________theemployees’workingconditions.A.deteriorateB.improveC.deteriorateD.worsenAnswer:B)improveExplanation:Thesentencerequiresawordthatmeanstomakesomethingbetter.“Improve”isthecorrectchoice.Theotheroptions,“deteriorate”and“worsen,”bothmeantomakesomethingworse,whichdoesnotfitthecontextofthesentence.53、Choosethewordwhoseunderlinedparthasadifferentpronunciationfromtheothers:A.carrotB.centerC.cityD.closeAnswer:BExplanation:Theunderlined‘c’inoptionsA,C,andDmakesthe/k/soundasin“cat”.However,inoptionB,the‘c’in“center”makesthe/s/soundasin“city”.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisBbecauseithasadifferentpronunciationfortheunderlinedpart.54、Selectthewordthatcontainsthe/aɪ/sound:A.hitB.likeC.sitD.swimAnswer:BExplanation:The/aɪ/soundisadiphthongthatcanbefoundinwordslike“like”,“bike”,and“time”.Inthissetofoptions,only“like”(optionB)containsthe/aɪ/sound.Theotheroptionshavetheshort/ɪ/soundasin“sit”.Thus,thecorrectanswerisB.Thesetypesofquestionsaimtotesttheexaminee’sabilitytorecognizeanddifferentiatebetweenvariousphoneticsoundsinEnglish,whichisafundamentalskillfornon-nativespeakerslookingtoimprovetheirpronunciationandlisteningcomprehension.55、Theword“bachelor”isderivedfromtheLatinword“bacillus,”whichmeans“stick”or“rod.”Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectregardingtheetymologyofthisword?A.TheLatinword“bacillus”means“man”or“male.”B.Theword“bachelor”wasfirstusedinEnglishtorefertoastickorrod.C.Theterm“bachelor”isrelatedtotheconceptofabachelor’sdegreeineducation.D.Theword“bachelor”isadirecttranslationoftheLatinword“bacillus.”Answer:B.Theword“bachelor”wasfirstusedinEnglishtorefertoastickorrod.Explanation:Theword“bachelor”originallyreferredtoayoungmanservingasanapprenticetoatradesman.ItwasderivedfromtheLatinword“bacillus,”whichmeant“stick”or“rod.”Thetermlaterevolvedtorefertoapersonwhohasneverbeenmarriedorhasnotcompletedacertainlevelofeducation.56、WhichofthefollowingphrasesisanexampleofacatalectichexameterlineinEnglishpoetry?A.“Thequickbrownfoxjumpsoverthelazydog.”B.“Aman,aplan,acanal,Panama!”C.“Amidsummernight’sdream.”D.“Tobe,ornottobe:thatisthequestion.”Answer:D.“Tobe,ornottobe:thatisthequestion.”Explanation:Acatalectichexameterlineisalineofpoetrythatcontainssixmetricalfeet,butoneofthefeetismissing.Inthiscase,“Tobe,ornottobe:thatisthequestion”isacatalectichexameterline,asithasfivemetricalfeet.Thephrase“Amidsummernight’sdream”and“Aman,aplan,acanal,Panama!”arenotexamplesofcatalectichexameterlines.Thephrase“Thequickbrownfoxjumpsoverthelazydog”isapangram,butitdoesnotfitthecatalectichexameterstructure.57、Choosethewordinwhichtheunderlinedparthasadifferentpronunciationfromtheothers:A.s_ou_thB.gr_ou_pC.c_ou_sinD.all_ow_Answer:CExplanation:Inthisquestion,we’relookingfortheoptionwheretheunderlinedpart(“ou”)hasadifferentsoundcomparedtotheothers.Thepronunciationof“ou”in“south”,“group”,and“allow”soundslike/aʊ/,whilein“cousin”,itispronouncedas/ʌ/.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisCbecauseithasadistinctpronunciation.58、Whichpairofwordshavethesamesoundfortheunderlinedletters?A.fl_y_/sk_y_B.f_oo_d/b_oo_kC.l_e_g/l_i_keD.g_ir_l/b_ir_dAnswer:AExplanation:Thisquestionasksyoutoidentifythepairofwordswithidenticalsoundsfortheunderlinedletters.OptionAhasbothwordswiththeunderlined“y”makingthe/aɪ/sound.However,inB,“food”hasthe/uː/soundwhile“book”hasthe/ʊ/sound;inC,“leg”hasthe/e/soundwhereas“like”hasthe/aɪ/sound;andinD,both“girl”and“bird”containthe/ɜːr/soundbutwerenotthefirstmatchfound.Thus,thebestanswerisA.59、Choosethewordthatbestcompletesthesentence:

Theprofessor’slecturewasso__________thatthestudentscouldn’tfollowit.A.complicatedB.confusingC.fascinatingD.boringAnswer:B)confusingExplanation:Theword“confusing”fitsthecontextofthesentence,suggestingthatthelecturewasdifficulttounderstand.Theotheroptionsdonotconveythesamemeaningofthelecturebeingchallengingforthestudentstofollow.60、Selectthecorrectoptiontocompletethesentence:

Theauthor’s__________writingstylemakesiteasyforreaderstoengagewiththestory.A.straightforwardB.abstractC.poeticD.verboseAnswer:A)straightforwardExplanation:Theword“straightforward”impliesthattheauthor’swritingisclearandeasytounderstand,whichiswhatthesentencesuggestsasaqualitythatmakesthestoryengagingforreaders.Theotheroptionssuggestdifferentwritingstylesthatmaynotnecessarilymakethestoryeasytoengagewith.二、词汇与语法知识（共43题）1、Choosethemostappropriatewordtofillintheblank:Thecompanyhasma