【公开课】代词复习课件中考英语语法专题复习（人教版）

专题4代词01语法思维导图02专题考点梳理01语法思维导图02专题考点梳理考点1人称代词、物主代词与反身代词考向溯源1．在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(1)[2024扬州改编]Someof____(we)arebetterathelpingothersthan____(we)areatlookingafterourselves.(2)[2024达州改编]Thereissomethingwrongwith______(I)computer.CouldIuse__________(you)?(3)[2024武威]Thecatlayonthesofa,washing__________(it)．weusmyyoursitself(4)[2024龙东改编]Hefound____veryinterestingtovisitHarbininwinter.(5)[2022常德]Itisnotonlyoneofthemostfamousplaces,butalsooneof______(it)greatestmysteries.itits考点归纳一、人称代词、物主代词与反身代词的人称与类别词

格与

数

词性人称人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第一人称

单数I①_____②______③________④____________复数we⑤____⑥______⑦________⑧______________memyminemyselfusouroursourselvesyours第二人称单数you⑨______⑩________⑪_________⑫______________复数you⑬______⑭________⑮_________⑯______________第三人称单数he⑰______⑱________⑲______⑳______________she㉑_____㉒______㉓________㉔______________it㉕____㉖______㉗______㉘____________复数they㉙_______㉚_________㉛_________㉜______________youyouryourselfyoursyouyouryourselveshishimhishimselfhersherherherselfitsititsitselftheirsthemtheirthemselves二、人称代词、物主代词与反身代词的基本用法人称代词谓语动词前面用主格，谓语动词或介词之后用宾格；当各人称并列时，它们的排列顺序如下：单数you,he/sheandI；复数we,youandthey；男女两性并列时，其顺序为：he＋she；若是承担责任，通常把第一人称放在第一位我们昨天去看他们了。Wewenttosee①________yesterday.物主代词形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，可在句中作定语，后接名词；名词性物主代词相当于名词，可在句中作主语、宾语和表语，其后不能接名词这是我的包。你的包呢？Thisis②_______bag.Whereis③__________？themmyyours反身代词反身代词在句中作宾语或表语(不能单独作主语)，表示和主语是同一(或一些)人或事物；反身代词作主语或宾语的同位语，起强调主语或宾语的作用。常见搭配：玩得开心enjoyoneself随便用/吃……helponeselfto…我可以自己完成。Icanfinishitby④____________．myself【巧学妙记】人称代词和物主代词(1)动词前，用主格；动介后，用宾格；(2)有名(名词)则形(形容词性物主代词)，无名(名词)则名(名词性物主代词)。考点2不定代词考向溯源2．用方框中所给的不定代词填空。either,both,others,nobody,another,any(1)[2023武汉改编]—TherearemanycelebrationsinthecomingDragonBoatFestival.—Soundsveryinteresting.Idon'twanttomiss______．(2)Chemistryisasinterestingasphysics.________ofthemhelpstudentsexplorethescienceworld.anyBoth(3)____________isbetterworthmyrespectthanYuanLongping.HeistheprideofChina.(4)—Wherewouldyouliketogotomorrow,HuangguoshuWaterfallorDragonPalace?—____________isOKforme.It'suptoyou.(5)—CanIcomeandseeyouthisFriday?—Sorry,I'mreallybusythesedays.Let'smakeit______________time.(6)AttheSpringFestival,someChinesepeopleenjoyeatingathome,while____________likeeatingintherestaurants.NobodyEitheranotherothers考点归纳一、不定代词的定义不定代词代替或修饰不特指的人或事物。大多数不定代词既可作代词，又可作形容词。个体不定代词复合不定代词some,any(A)few，(A)littlenonesomebodyanybody①__________everybodymany,mucheither,neitheronesomeone②__________noone③____________each,everyboth,allother④_____________anythingnothingeverythingnobodyanyoneeveryonesomething二、复合不定代词的用法(1)当形容词或else(其他的)修饰复合不定代词时，应放在复合不定代词之后。如：Ajokeissomethingfunnyyousaytomakepeoplelaugh.笑话是你说的能让人发笑的有趣的事。(2)复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式。如：Ifanythinghappenstohim,letthedoctorknowatonce.如果他出了什么事，立刻告知医生。三、几组不定代词的区别(1)all,both,either,neither,none与nooneall指三者或三者以上都Asthefirstcitytohost①________theSummerandWinterOlympics,Beijingprovided②______thecompetitorswithexcellentservice.both两者都，修饰或指代可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数bothalleither两者之一，修饰或指代可数名词单数。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。常用either…or…Herearetwodresses.Youcanchooseonedress.③____________ofthemisOK.ButIthink④______________ofthemisinfashion.neither两者都不，常与nor连用。连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”none既可指人也可指物，作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可，可与of连用。常用来回答howmany/much的提问Nooneworksouttheproblemsbecause⑤________ofthemis/areeasy.noone只能指人，作主语时谓语动词用单数，相当于nobody。常用来回答who的提问Eitherneithernone(2)some与anysome一般用于肯定句，或在一些表示建议、请求、邀请的疑问句中，希望对方作出肯定回答时使用Therearen't①______desksintheclassroom,butthereare②________chairsinit.IfIcanhelpin③______way,letmeknow.any一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，或在肯定句中表示“任何一个”，后跟单数可数名词或不可数名词anysomeany(3)afew与few,alittle与littlefew几乎没有，侧重“否定”的含义，修饰可数名词冰箱里有一点牛肉，但西红柿很少。Thereis①________________beefbut②______tomatoesinthefridge.几年来，我对他的信息知之甚少。Ihad③____________informationabouthimfor④__________years.afew有一些，侧重“肯定”的含义，修饰可数名词little几乎没有，侧重“否定”的含义，修饰不可数名词alittle有一点，侧重“肯定”的含义，修饰不可数名词alittlefewlittleafew(4)each与everyeach强调个体，指两者或两者以上中的每一个，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，可与of连用Eachofus①______(have)anapple.＝Weeachhaveanapple.every强调整体，指三者或三者以上中的每一个，不单独使用，不可与of连用Everystudentishere.has(5)other(s),theother(s)与anotheranother指三者或三者以上中的“另一个”，后接可数名词单数(有时该名词可省略)Canyoushowmeanother(pen)？Idon'tlikethisone.I'vegotanotherfourquestionstoanswer.another＋数词＋可数名词复数，表示“还有……”other指“其他的；别的”，后可接名词单数或复数Youshouldconsider①__________peoplebeforeyouact.othertheother指两者中的“另一个”，常用结构为one…theother…Ihavetwopens.Oneisred,andtheotherisblue.Thereare60studentsinmyclass.30aregirls,and②__________________studentsareboys.特指“其他的；别的”，后可接名词单数或复数，一般有范围(如有具体数字时)theotherothersothers＝other＋名词复数：泛指“其他的；别的(人或物)”，后不能接名词Icanlendyoumybike,butyoucan'tlendittoothers.theotherstheothers＝theother＋名词复数：特指“其他的；别的(人或物)”，后不能接名词，一般有范围(如有具体数字时)Hehasfivechildren.Twoofthemaremiddleschoolstudents.③____________________areprimaryschoolstudents.Theothers考点3指示代词考向溯源3．在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(1)—Who'sthatspeaking?—Hello，________isBettyspeaking.(2)[2023通辽改编]Mr.Wangmakes____possibleforustolearnphysicseasilyandinaninterestingwayinhisclass.thisit(3)________(these)ismyfamilyphotoand__________(this)aremygrandparents.(4)—Whoare__________(that)twoboysoverthere?—They'remyfriends,RickandTony.(5)TheweatherinChinaisdifferentfrom________intheUK.Thisthesethosethat考点归纳一、this,that,these和those的用法单数复数用法示例thisthese指①________的人或物；指下文要提到的事ThisismysisterLinda.thatthose指②________的人或物；指前面刚刚提过的事；为了避免重复，常用来代替前文提到的名词Thiscameraismuchcheaperthanthatontheshelf.近处远处【注意】打电话时用this介绍自己，用that询问对方。如：ThisisLilyspeaking.Who'sthat?二、it,one和that作代词的区别it特指上文提到的①________事物(复数用they)—Ican'tfindmyhat.Haveyouseen③____？(指的就是上句话提到的hat，两者是同一物)—No,Ithinkyou'dbetterbuyanew④______．(指的是hat的同类物)one泛指上文提到的②________事物，但非同一个(复数用ones)that特指上文提到的同类事物，但非同一个，可指代可数名词单数或不可数名词(指代可数名词复数用those/theones)TheweatherinHarbiniscolderthan⑤________inGuangzhou.TheonlyjokesItellare⑥__________thatIhearfromyou.同一个同类itonethatthose【拓展】it的特殊用法(1)it作形式主语：代替由不定式或从句等所表示的真正的主语。常用于下列句型中：①It's＋adj.(＋forsb.)＋todosth.做某事(对某人来说)是……的；②It's＋adj.＋ofsb.＋todosth.某人做某事真是太……；③It's＋adj.＋that从句；④Ittakes/took(sb.)＋一段时间＋todosth.做某事花费(某人)多长时间。(2)it作形式宾语：代替由不定式或从句等所表示的真正的宾语，常用在动词find,think,make,consider,feel等动词后。如：IthinkitnecessarytolearnEnglishwell.我认为学好英语是必要的。(3)其他it句型：①It'stimetodosth.是做某事的时间了；②It'sone'sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事了；③Itseemsthat…好像……。考点4疑问代词考向溯源4．用适当的疑问代词填空。(1)—________________didyougoswimmingwith?—Myfather.(2)[2024无锡改编]______isthegirlwearingascarf?Issheyoursister?(3)[2024广西改编]—Henry,________isyourjob?—I'mapoliceman.Who/WhomWhowhat(4)[2024菏泽改编]__________phonenumbershouldyoucallifyouseemypetdog?(5)[2023丹东改编]—__________isthisbasketball?—Perhapsit'sourEnglishteacher's.Helikessports.WhichWhose考点归纳疑问代词what“什么”，对具体内容提问，可以用于询问职业、外貌等Whatdoyoulike?Whatisyourfather？which“哪一个/哪一些”，对特定范围内的人或物提问Whichisbetter,thisoneorthatone？who“谁”，对主语、宾语或表语的人提问，但不能放在介词后Whoisthemanoverthere？whom“谁”，对宾语提问，可以放在介词后Whomdidyouwritetolastnight?Towhomdidyouwritelastnight？whose“谁的”，对所属关系提问，可以单独使用，也可以放在名词前Whoseisthisbook?Whosebookisthis？【拓展】what/which后可跟名词，对姓名、颜色、时间等进行提问。如：①Whatcolordoyoulike?②Whichseasonisyourfavorite?语法综合训练阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TodayistheDragonBoatFestival,oneofthemostimportantfestivalsinChina.ChinesepeoplerememberQuYuanbyrowingdragonboatsandmakingzongzionthisday.1.______isQuYuan?Heisagreatpoetandheloveshiscountrysomuch.Buthekilled2.______________(he)inMiluoRiveronMay5th.Pe