Physiology生理学知到智慧树章节测试课后答案2024年秋山东第一医科大学

Physiology生理学知到智慧树章节测试课后答案2024年秋山东第一医科大学第一章单元测试

Whichofthefollowingtermsdescribesthebody'sabilitytomaintainitsnormalstate?（）

A:AnabolismB:MetabolismC:HomeostasisD:CatabolismE:Tolerance

答案:HomeostasisThelevelofresearchwhichcanhelptorevealthefundamentallawsoflifephenomenais（）

A:SystemlevelB:CellularandmolecularlevelC:OrganlevelD:OrganizationallevelE:Overalllevel

答案:CellularandmolecularlevelThemostactivepartoftheinternalenvironmentis（）

A:CerebrospinalfluidB:InterstitialfluidC:LymphD:UrineE:Plasma

答案:PlasmaThemostbasicfeatureoforganism'slifeactivitiesis（）

A:MetabolismB:HomeostasisC:AdaptabilityD:ExcitabilityE:Feedback

答案:MetabolismTheFalseStatementabouthomeostasisisthat（）

A:HomeostasisisdynamicequilibriummaintainedbyavarietyofcontrolsB:ThephysicalandchemicalpropertiesoftheinternalenvironmentareabsolutelyconstantC:AnimportantwaytomaintainhomeostasisisnegativefeedbackD:HomeostasisisafundamentalcharacteristicoftheinternalenvironmentE:Thephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofinternalenvironmentarerelativelyconstant

答案:ThephysicalandchemicalpropertiesoftheinternalenvironmentareabsolutelyconstantThebasicmodesofneuroregulationis（）

A:FeedbackB:ReactionC:ExcitedD:AdaptE:Reflection

答案:ReflectionThebody'smainmodeofregulation（）

A:Self-regulationB:NegativefeedbackregulationC:NeuromodulationD:HumoralregulationE:Positivefeedbackregulation

答案:NeuromodulationWhenitiscold,thyroidhormoneincreasesbecauseof（）

A:HumoralregulationB:Self-regulationC:FeedbackadjustmentD:NeuromodulationE:Neuro-humoralregulation

答案:Neuro-humoralregulationUndernormalconditions,renalbloodflowremainsrelativestableby（）

A:Self-regulationB:ReflexC:NeuromodulationD:HumoralregulationE:Feedbackregulation

答案:Self-regulationThemaintenanceofbodyhomeostasismainlydependson（）

A:ConditionedreflexB:FeedforwardregulationC:PositivefeedbackadjustmentD:NegativefeedbackregulationE:Shortfeedbackregulation

答案:NegativefeedbackregulationWhichofthefollowingorganactivitiesisinvolvedinmaintaininghomeostasisintheinternalenvironment（）

A:RespirationB:BloodcirculationC:ExcretoryfunctionofthekidneyD:ThedigestionandabsorptionofthedigestivesystemE:Contractionofskeletalmuscle

答案:Respiration；Bloodcirculation；Excretoryfunctionofthekidney；ThedigestionandabsorptionofthedigestivesystemWhatistrueaboutthephysiologicaldescription（）

A:Itisnotonlyabasicmedicalsubject,butalsoanexperimentalsubjectB:StudythelawsofphysicalmovementinthebodyC:BelongingtoabranchofbiologyD:TheobjectofstudyisorganismE:Thenormalphysiologicalfunctionofthebody

答案:Itisnotonlyabasicmedicalsubject,butalsoanexperimentalsubject；Belongingtoabranchofbiology；Theobjectofstudyisorganism；ThenormalphysiologicalfunctionofthebodyBelongstotheinternalenvironmentis（）

A:LymphB:InterstitialfluidC:CerebrospinalfluidD:PlasmaE:Urine

答案:Lymph；Interstitialfluid；Plasma；UrineWhatistrueaboutthedescriptionofhumoralregulation（）

A:LongdurationofactionB:LowsensitivityC:LargescopeofactionD:SlowactionE:Quickandaccurate

答案:Longdurationofaction；Largescopeofaction；SlowactionPhysiologicalactivitiesregulatedbypositivefeedback（）

A:MicturitionreflexB:ThermoregulationC:BloodcoagulationD:ChildbirthE:Actionpotentialdepolarizationphase

答案:Micturitionreflex；Bloodcoagulation；Childbirth；Actionpotentialdepolarizationphase

第二章单元测试

Transmembranetransportofthefollowingsubstancesisnotsimplediffusion（）

A:UreaB:AminoacidC:NH3D:O2E:CO2

答案:AminoacidUnderphysiologicalconditions,eachcycleofsodiumpumpactivitycanmake（）

A:2Na+areremovedfrominsidethecellB:3Na+weremovedoutofthecell,and2K+weremovedintothecellC:2Na+cellswereremovedfromthecell,and3K+cellsweremovedintothecellD:2K+weretransferredintothecellE:3Na+weremovedoutofthecell,and3K+weremovedintothecell

答案:3Na+weremovedoutofthecell,and2K+weremovedintothecellThemechanismofglucoseabsorptionbyrenaltubularepithelialcellsbelongsto（）

A:PassivetransportB:SimplediffusionC:CarriermediatedfacilitateddiffusionD:SecondaryactivetransportE:Primaryactivetransport

答案:SecondaryactivetransportTherestingpotentialiscloseto（）

A:Na+equilibriumpotentialB:Cl-equilibriumpotentialC:K+equilibriumpotentialD:Ca2+equilibriumpotentialE:Na+equilibriumpotentialandK+equilibriumpotential

答案:K+equilibriumpotentialWhencellsarestimulatedandexcited,theabsolutevalueofthemembranepotentialdecreases,whichiscalled（）

A:DepolarizationB:HyperpolarizationC:polarizationD:RepolarizationE:Reversepolarization

答案:DepolarizationThemaincomponentsofnervecellactionpotentialare（）

A:LocalpotentialB:Positiveafter-potentialC:Negativeafter-potentialD:ThresholdpotentialE:Peakpotential

答案:PeakpotentialThemostcommonlyusedindicatorstojudgetheleveloftissueexcitabilityare（）

A:DurationofstimulationB:ThresholdpotentialC:PeakpotentialD:Rateoftime-intensitychangeofstimulusE:Thresholdintensity

答案:ThresholdintensityWhichofthefollowingisasubstancethataidsthetransmissionofnerveimpulsestothemuscles?（）

A:ProlactinB:CholecystokininC:AcetylcholineD:OxytocinE:Deoxyribose

答案:AcetylcholineThebasicstructuralunitsofskeletalmusclecontractionandrelaxationare:（）

A:SarcomereB:SegmentbetweentwoadjacentMlinesC:HbandD:LightbandE:darkband

答案:SarcomereTheenergyrequiredforK+outflowgeneratingtherestingpotentialcomesfrom（）

A:ElectrochemicalgradientB:PotentialgradientC:ATPD:ItsowntransmembraneconcentrationgradientE:ConcentrationgradientofNa+acrossmembraneformedbyactivetransportofNa+pump

答案:ElectrochemicalgradientThemaximumactionpotentialisgeneratedwhenthecellisproperlystimulated（）

A:NormalperiodB:AbsoluterefractoryperiodC:RelativerefractoryperiodD:SupernormalperiodE:Subnormalperiod

答案:NormalperiodInthedepolarizationphaseofnervecellactionpotentialNa+transportbelongsto（）

A:FaciliteddiffusionB:SimplediffusionC:PrimaryactivetransportD:SecondaryactivetransportE:Exocytosis

答案:FaciliteddiffusionTheoutflowofK+duringanactionpotentialiscalled（）

A:ReversepolarizationB:PolarizationC:RepolarizationD:HyperpolarizationE:Depolarization

答案:RepolarizationThecommonmanifestationofmostexcitablecellsrespondingtostimuliistoproduce（）

A:NerveimpulsesB:ActionpotentialC:EndplatepotentialD:SecretionE:contraction

答案:ActionpotentialSubstancethatachievetheexcitation-contractioncouplingis（）

A:Na+B:Mg2+C:K+D:Cl-E:Ca2+

答案:Ca2+Thecharacteristicsoffacilitateddiffusionmediatedbyacarrieris（）

A:StructuralspecificityB:PassivetransportC:CompetitiveinhibitionD:SaturationE:Independenceofmembraneproteins

答案:Structuralspecificity；Passivetransport；Competitiveinhibition；SaturationStatementsabouttherestingpotentialofnervefibersarecorrect（）

A:ItisarelativestablepotentialB:ItispositiveoutsidethemembraneandnegativeinsidethemembraneC:ItsmagnitudeisclosetoK+equilibriumpotentialD:ItisnegativeoutsidethemembraneandpositiveinsidethemembraneE:ItsvalueisclosetoNa+equilibriumpotential

答案:Itisarelativestablepotential；Itispositiveoutsidethemembraneandnegativeinsidethemembrane；ItsmagnitudeisclosetoK+equilibriumpotentialFactorsaffectingrestingpotentiallevelinclude（）

A:Cl-concentrationgradientbetweenbothsidesofthemembraneB:Na+pumpactivityC:Na+concentrationgradientbetweenbothsidesofthemembraneD:RelativepermeabilityofthemembranetoK+andNa+E:K+concentrationgradientbetweenbothsidesofthemembrane

答案:Na+pumpactivity；RelativepermeabilityofthemembranetoK+andNa+；K+concentrationgradientbetweenbothsidesofthemembraneThecharacteristicsoflocalreactionsarethat（）

A:MultiplelocalpotentialcanbesuperimposedB:TheamplitudeishierarchicalC:IndependentofstimulusintensityD:DegreesofvaryingrefractoryperiodsE:Conductionshowsattenuation

答案:Multiplelocalpotentialcanbesuperimposed；Theamplitudeishierarchical；ConductionshowsattenuationThe1:1transmissionofexcitationatthenerve-musclejunctionisdueto（）

A:AnerveimpulsereleasesasufficientnumberoftransmittersfromthenerveendingsB:AchwashydrolyzedbycholinesteraseinthejointclearanceintimeC:TheabsoluterefractoryperiodofendplatemembraneislongD:HighexcitabilityofendplatemembraneE:Theendplatepotentialsgeneratedarelargeenough

答案:Anerveimpulsereleasesasufficientnumberoftransmittersfromthenerveendings；Achwashydrolyzedbycholinesteraseinthejointclearanceintime；TheendplatepotentialsgeneratedarelargeenoughWhencellexcitabilityisreduced,whicharecorrectinthefollowingdescriptions（）

A:ThethresholdpotentialandthresholdintensityremainunchangedB:ThethresholdintensityincreasesC:ThethresholdintensitydecreasesD:UpwardshiftofthresholdpotentialE:Downwardshiftofthresholdpotential

答案:Thethresholdintensityincreases；UpwardshiftofthresholdpotentialWhichiscorrectinthefollowingdescriptionsofsecondaryactivetransport（）

A:TransportagainsttheconcentrationgradientB:IncludingpositivetransferandreversetransferC:DirectenergyisthetransmembraneconcentrationgradientofNa+D:TherateoftransportisindependentofATPinthecellE:Itisalsocalledcombinedtransport

答案:Transportagainsttheconcentrationgradient；Includingpositivetransferandreversetransfer；DirectenergyisthetransmembraneconcentrationgradientofNa+；ItisalsocalledcombinedtransportWhentheintracellularNa+contentistoohigh,itcan（）

A:DecreasethelevelofaminoacidsintheepithelialcellsofrenaltubulesB:CausecelledemaC:IncreasedintracellularCa2+levelsinmanytissuesD:DecreasetherestingpotentialE:ActivatetheNa+pump

答案:Decreasethelevelofaminoacidsintheepithelialcellsofrenaltubules；Causecelledema；Decreasetherestingpotential；ActivatetheNa+pumpWhenexcitablecellsarestimulated（）

A:Bioelectricchangesoccurfirstly,andthenexternalfunctionalchangesoccurB:CellswithdifferentfunctionsproduceacommonbioelectricalchangecalledactionpotentialC:CellswithdifferentfunctionsshowdifferentfunctionalactivitiesD:ThegenerationofactionpotentialisalsocalledexcitationE:Theactionpotentialiscausedbythedepolarizationofthemembranepotentialtothethresholdpotential

答案:Bioelectricchangesoccurfirstly,andthenexternalfunctionalchangesoccur；Cellswithdifferentfunctionsproduceacommonbioelectricalchangecalledactionpotential；Cellswithdifferentfunctionsshowdifferentfunctionalactivities；Thegenerationofactionpotentialisalsocalledexcitation；TheactionpotentialiscausedbythedepolarizationofthemembranepotentialtothethresholdpotentialInordertorelaxthemuscle,whichpointcanbesuppressedduringtheprocessofthenerve-musclejunction（）

A:cholinesteraseonendplatemembraneB:NerveterminalcytoplasmicCa2+C:Ca2+channelsinnerveendingsD:AChreceptorgatedchannelonendplatemembraneE:ReleaseofAChfromnerveendings

答案:NerveterminalcytoplasmicCa2+；Ca2+channelsinnerveendings；AChreceptorgatedchannelonendplatemembrane；ReleaseofAChfromnerveendings

第三章单元测试

Haematocritreferstotheratioofredbloodcellsto（）

A:BloodvolumeB:WhitebloodcellvolumeC:BloodcellvolumeD:PlateletvolumeE:Plasmavolume

答案:BloodvolumeElevatedplasmacrystalosmoticpressuremaycause（）

A:ReductionoftissuefluidB:ShrinkageofredbloodcellsC:RuptureofredbloodcellsD:SwellingofredbloodcellsE:increaseoftissuefluid

答案:ShrinkageofredbloodcellsTheformationofplasmacolloidosmoticpressuredependsmainlyonthe（）

A:AlbuminB:GlobulinC:GlucoseD:LipidsE:NaCl

答案:AlbuminPoorsuspensionstabilityoferythrocyteresultsin（）.

A:HemolysisB:BloodcoagulationC:HemagglutinationD:DecreasederythrocytesedimentationrateE:Acceleratederythrocytesedimentationrate

答案:AcceleratederythrocytesedimentationrateTheacceleratederythrocytesedimentationratewascausedby（）

A:HaematocytosisB:RuptureofredbloodcellsC:ShrinkageofredbloodcellsD:ErythrocyteagglutinationE:Swellingofredbloodcells

答案:HaematocytosisTheimportantrawmaterialforhemoglobinsynthesisduringerythropoiesisis（）

A:ProteinandironB:FolicacidandvitaminB12C:AndrogenD:IntrinsicfactorE:Erythropoietin

答案:ProteinandironThefinalstageofthebloodcoagulationprocessis（）

A:TissuereleasesFIIIB:TheformationoffibrinC:FormationofprothrombinactivatorD:FⅫisactivatedE:Theformationofthrombin

答案:TheformationoffibrinWhichisnotaproteininthefollowingclottingfactors（）

A:FactorIVB:FactorVIC:FactorXD:FactorsVandVIIE:FactorsIandII

答案:FactorIVWhichantigenisontheerythrocytemembraneoftypeABblood（）

A:AandBantigensB:RhantigenC:DantigenD:BantigenE:Aantigen

答案:AantigenWhichistheantibodyintheRhblood（）

A:IgAB:IgGC:IgMD:IgDE:IgE

答案:IgDThefollowingcomponentsassociatedwithESRare（）

A:WhitebloodcellsB:MonocytesC:PlasmaD:RedbloodcellsE:theplatelet

答案:Plasma；RedbloodcellsWhichisincorrectThefollowingstatementaboutplasma（）

A:TheproteincontentinplasmaissignificantlyhigherthanthatintissuefluidB:ThemaincomponentsofplasmaarecrystallinesubstanceandplasmaproteinsC:PlasmaisfreeofCa2+andotherelectrolytesD:PlasmaistheliquidseparatedfromcoagulatedbloodE:Plasmacontainsfibrinogen

答案:PlasmaisfreeofCa2+andotherelectrolytes；PlasmaistheliquidseparatedfromcoagulatedbloodAboutthedescriptionofphysiologicalhemostasismechanism,Whichofthefollowingiscorrect（）

A:Includinglocalvasoconstriction,preventingthrombosisandbloodcoagulationB:ProlongedbleedingtimewiththrombocytopeniaC:ShortdurationoflocalvasoconstrictionreactionD:CoagulationtimeissignificantlyshortenedwiththrombocytopeniaE:Plateletsareinvolvedintheformationofthrombosisandbloodclots

答案:Includinglocalvasoconstriction,preventingthrombosisandbloodcoagulation；Prolongedbleedingtimewiththrombocytopenia；Shortdurationoflocalvasoconstrictionreaction；PlateletsareinvolvedintheformationofthrombosisandbloodclotsBloodtransfusionmaybeconsideredunderthefollowingstatements（）

A:Thedonor'sredbloodcellsarenotagglutinatedbytherecipient'sserumB:Thedonor'sbloodtypeisAandtherecipient'sbloodtypeisABC:Thedonor'sbloodtypeisOandtherecipient'sbloodtypeisBD:Thedonor'sbloodtypeisABandtherecipient'sisOE:Thedonor'sbloodtypeisABandtherecipient'sisB

答案:Thedonor'sredbloodcellsarenotagglutinatedbytherecipient'sserum；Thedonor'sbloodtypeisAandtherecipient'sbloodtypeisAB；Thedonor'sbloodtypeisOandtherecipient'sbloodtypeisBThephysiologicalcharacteristicsofredbloodcellsare（）

A:PlasticdeformationB:SuspensionstabilityC:OsmoticbrittlenessD:ChemotaxisE:Release

答案:Plasticdeformation；Suspensionstability；OsmoticbrittlenessPlasmaproteinsaremainly（）

A:FibrinogenB:ThrombinregulatoryproteinC:AlbuminD:HemoglobinE:Globulin

答案:Fibrinogen；Albumin；GlobulinWhichareincorrectinthefollowingstatementsaboutbloodcoagulation（）

A:All12factorsinvolvedinbloodcoagulationareproteinsB:Tissuefactor(TFⅢ)isindispensableforbloodcoagulationC:All12factorsinvolvedinbloodcoagulationaresynthesizedbytheliverD:FactorⅡistheinitiatingfactorofbloodcoagulationE:Theactivationofvariousfactorsduringbloodcoagulationisapositivefeedbackprocess

答案:All12factorsinvolvedinbloodcoagulationareproteins；All12factorsinvolvedinbloodcoagulationaresynthesizedbytheliver；FactorⅡistheinitiatingfactorofbloodcoagulationThephysiologicalhemostasisprocessincludes（）

A:FibrinogenbecomesfibrinB:FormationofplateletthrombosisC:PlasminogenbecomesplasminaseD:AgglutinationoferythrocytesE:Constrictionofbloodvesselsatthesiteofinjury

答案:Fibrinogenbecomesfibrin；Formationofplateletthrombosis；Constrictionofbloodvesselsatthesiteofinjury

第四章单元测试

Duringwhichphaseofthecardiaccycledoesthemitralvalve

open?（）

A:IsovolumetricventricularrelaxationB:AtrialsystoleC:ReducedventricularejectionD:IsovolumetricventricularcontractionE:Rapidventricularejection

答案:AtrialsystoleIftheejectionfractionincreases,therewillbeadecreasein（）

A:PulsepressureB:CardiacoutputC:HeartrateD:End-systolicvolumeE:End-diastolicvolume

答案:End-systolicvolumeInthesinoatrial(SA)node,phase4depolarization(pacemakerpotential)isattributableto（）

A:AdecreaseinCa2+conductanceB:AnincreaseinK+conductanceC:AnincreaseinNa+conductanceD:AdecreaseinCl-conductanceE:SimultaneousincreasesinK+andCl-conductance

答案:AnincreaseinNa+conductanceThegreatestpressuredecreaseinthecirculationoccursacrossthearteriolesbecause（）

A:Theyhavethegreatestcross-sectionalareaB:ThevelocityofbloodflowthroughthemisthelowestC:TheyhavethegreatestresistanceD:TheyhavethegreatestsurfaceareaE:Thevelocityofbloodflowthroughthemisthehighest

答案:TheyhavethegreatestresistanceIntheearlystageofventricularenlargement,whenthepumpingfunctiondecreases,theappropriateevaluationindexis().

A:TheheartdoesworkB:heartindex

C:Strokevolume

D:Outputperminute

E:Ejectionfraction

答案:heartindex

Thephysiologicfunctionoftherelativelyslowconductionthroughtheatrioventricularnodeistoallowsufficienttimefor（）

A:VenousreturntotheatriaB:ContractionoftheventriclesC:RepolarizationoftheventriclesD:RunoffofbloodfromtheaortatothearteriesE:Fillingoftheventricles

答案:FillingoftheventriclesStarling’slawoftheheart.（）

A:ExplainstheincreaseinheartrateproducedbyexerciseB:ExplainstheincreaseincardiacoutputthatoccurswhenvenousreturnisincreasedC:DoesnotoperateduringexerciseD:DoesnotoperateinthefailingheartE:Explainstheincreaseincardiacoutputwhenthesympatheticnervessupplyingtheheartarestimulated

答案:ExplainstheincreaseincardiacoutputthatoccurswhenvenousreturnisincreasedThefactorsaffectingbothexcitabilityandconductivityofmyocardiumare（）

A:Durationofphase2B:0depolarizationamplitudeC:RestingpotentiallevelD:Rateofrepolarizationinphase1E:0depolarizationrate

答案:RestingpotentiallevelThedurationofeffectiverefractoryperiodofventricularmuscledependsmainlyon（）

A:Sodium-potassiumpumpfunctionB:Thedurationofphase2ofactionpotentialC:TheleveloftheendofanactionpotentialrepolarizationD:ThelevelofthresholdpotentialE:Therateoftheactionpotentialdepolarizesatphase0

答案:Thedurationofphase2ofactionpotentialThewrongdescriptionabouttheroleofthesympatheticnerveontheheartisthat（）

A:ItcanaccelerateheartrateandstrengthenmyocardialcontractilityB:BetareceptorsonthemembraneoftheheartmuscleC:ThetransmitterreleasedfromtheendisnorepinephrineD:Increaseventricularend-diastolicvolumeE:Increasecardiacoutput

答案:Increaseventricularend-diastolicvolumeThemaincharacteristicsofventricularmyocyteactionpotentialare（）

A:Phase4automaticdepolarizationB:Formationofphase2platformC:Noobviousphase1D:Phase4istherestingperiodE:0depolarizationisslow

答案:Formationofphase2platformWhichcanmeasurecardiomyocyteautorhythmicity（）

A:MaximumrepolarizationpotentiallevelB:Rateofautomaticdepolarizationinphase4C:AmplitudeoftheactionpotentialD:Rateofdepolarizationinphase0E:Thelevelofthresholdpotential

答案:Rateofautomaticdepolarizationinphase4Duringthecardiaccycle,theleftventricularpressureincreasedsharplyin（）

A:SlowejectionphaseB:RapidejectionphaseC:IsovolumetricsystoleD:RapidfillingperiodE:Atrialsystole

答案:IsovolumetricsystoleTheheartindexisequalto（）

A:Strokeoutput/bodysurfaceareaB:Cardiacoutput/bodysurfaceareaC:Heartrate×bodysurfacearea/cardiacoutputD:Heartrate×strokeoutput/bodyweightE:Returnedbloodvolume/bodysurfacearea

答案:Cardiacoutput/bodysurfaceareaIngeneral,thediastolicpressurecanreflect（）

A:HowmuchbloodisreturnedB:HeartrateC:StrokevolumeD:ElasticityoftheaortaE:Peripheralresistance

答案:PeripheralresistanceVentricularmusclecellsdifferfromskeletalmusclecellsin（）

A:LongeffectiverefractoryperiodB:ThereisanobviousplateauC:DepolarizationiscausedbycalciuminfluxD:DurationofactionpotentialE:Theascendinganddescendingbranchesoftheactionpotentialareasymmetrical

答案:Longeffectiverefractoryperiod；Thereisanobviousplateau；Durationofactionpotential；TheascendinganddescendingbranchesoftheactionpotentialareasymmetricalFactorsthatcanincreasestrokeoutputare（）

A:IncreasedmyocardialcontractilityB:ElevatedarterialbloodpressureC:LowerarterialbloodpressureD:IncreasedmyocardialexcitabilityE:Increasedend-diastolicventricularvolume

答案:Increasedmyocardialcontractility；Lowerarterialbloodpressure；Increasedend-diastolicventricularvolumeCurrentscausedbytheopeningofwhichofthefollowingchannelscontributetotherepolarizationphaseoftheactionpotentialofventricularmusclefibers?（）

A:HCO3-channelsB:Na+channelsC:Ca2+channelsD:Cl-channelsE:K+channels

答案:Ca2+channels；K+channelsFactorsaffectingarterialbloodpressureare（）

A:FlexibilityoftheaortaB:CirculatingbloodvolumeC:StrokeoutputD:HeartrateE:Peripheralresistance

答案:Flexibilityoftheaorta；Circulatingbloodvolume；Strokeoutput；Heartrate；PeripheralresistanceThecorrectdescriptionaboutdecompressionreflexisthat（）

A:TheafferentnervesaretheaorticandsinusnervesB:ThecenterislocatedinthemedullaoblongataC:ThereceptorsarelocatedinthecarotidsinusandtheaorticarchD:TheefferentnervesarethesympatheticandvagusnervesE:Reflexesonlyresultinlowerbloodpressure

答案:Theafferentnervesaretheaorticandsinusnerves；Thecenterislocatedinthemedullaoblongata；Thereceptorsarelocatedinthecarotidsinusandtheaorticarch；TheefferentnervesarethesympatheticandvagusnervesFactorsthatcanincreasemyocardialcontractilityinclude（）

A:increasedcatecholaminesB:IncreasedCa2+concentrationinextracellularfluidC:reducedventricularpreloadD:IncreasedmyosinATPaseactivityE:IncreasedCa2+affinityfortroponin

答案:increasedcatecholamines；IncreasedCa2+concentrationinextracellularfluid；IncreasedmyosinATPaseactivity；IncreasedCa2+affinityfortroponinThereasonsthatdecreaseconductionofmyocardiumare（）

A:0depolarizationvelocityslowsdownB:0depolarizationamplitudedecreasedC:TheexcitabilityofadjacentmyocardiumislowerD:TheabsolutevalueofrestingpotentialdecreasesE:Increasedmyocardialautomaticity

答案:0depolarizationvelocityslowsdown；0depolarizationamplitudedecreased；Theexcitabilityofadjacentmyocardiumislower；TheabsolutevalueofrestingpotentialdecreasesThecharacterizesofisovolemicsystoleare（）

A:AtrioventricularandsemilunarvalvesareclosedB:ThedecreaserateofintracardiacpressureisthefastestC:TheintracardiacpressurereachedthemaximumvalueD:IntracardiacpressureishigherthanarterialpressureE:Ventricularvolumedoesnotchange

答案:Atrioventricularandsemilunarvalvesareclosed；VentricularvolumedoesnotchangeThestrengthofmyocardialcontractiondependson（）

A:AfterloadB:ThenumberofmusclefibersinvolvedincontractionC:ConcentrationofCa2+inextracellularfluidD:ContractilityofthemyocardiumE:Preload

答案:Afterload；ConcentrationofCa2+inextracellularfluid；Contractilityofthemyocardium；PreloadTheincreaseinsystolicbloodpressureduringstrenuousexerciseisdueto（）

A:IncreasedheartrateB:IncreasedmyocardialcontractilityC:IncreasedstrokevolumeD:IncreasedinitiallengthofmyocardiumE:Increasedvenousreturnbloodvolume

答案:Increasedheartrate；Increasedmyocardialcontractility；Increasedstrokevolume；Increasedinitiallengthofmyocardium；IncreasedvenousreturnbloodvolumeWhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheeffectofthesympatheticnerveontheheartiscorrect（）

A:IncreasetheconductionvelocityB:SlowheartrateC:IncreaseheartrateD:ReducestrokevolumeE:Enhancemyocardialcontractility

答案:Increasetheconductionvelocity；Increaseheartrate；EnhancemyocardialcontractilityTheroleofangiotensinIIis（）

A:ToincreasethetensionofthesympatheticvasoconstrictorcenterB:ToconstrictthevolumevesselsC:TocontractarteriolesthroughoutthebodyD:ToinducethereleaseofnorepinephrinefromsympatheticnerveendingsE:Topromotealdosteronerelease

答案:Toincreasethetensionofthesympatheticvasoconstrictorcenter；Toconstrictthevolumevessels；Tocontractarteriolesthroughoutthebody；Toinducethereleaseofnorepinephrinefromsympatheticnerveendings；Topromotealdosteronerelease28、Whichofthestatementaboutdecompressionreflexiscorrect（）

A:TheafferentnervesaretheaorticandsinusnervesB:ReflexesonlyresultinlowerbloodpressureC:TheefferentnervesarethesympatheticandvagusnervesD:ThecenterislocatedinthemedullaoblongataE:Thereceptorsarelocatedinthecarotidsinusandtheaorticarch

答案:Theafferentnervesaretheaorticandsinusnerves；Theefferentnervesarethesympatheticandvagusnerves；Thecenterislocatedinthemedullaoblongata；ThereceptorsarelocatedinthecarotidsinusandtheaorticarchTheexcitationcycleofthemyocardiumincludes（）

A:EffectiverefractoryperiodB:AbsoluterefractoryperiodC:SubnormalperiodD:RelativerefractoryperiodE:Supernormalperiod

答案:Effectiverefractoryperiod；Absoluterefractoryperiod；SupernormalperiodThephysiologicalcharacteristicsofmyocardiuminclude（）

A:AutorhythmicityB:ContractilityC:ExcitabilityD:ExtensionE:Conductivity

答案:Autorhythmicity；Contractility；Excitability；Conductivity

第五章单元测试

Whichofthefollowingoccurduringinhalation?（）

A:Diaphragmcontracts,pleuralpressureincreases,alveolarpressuredecreasesB:Diaphragmrelaxes,pleuralpressuredecreases,internalintercostalsrelaxC:Diaphragmrelaxes,externalintercostalscontract,pleuralpressureincreasesD:Diaphragmandexternalintercostalscontract,pleuralandalveolarp