新编大学英语教案

新编大学英语教案（4）外语系第一教研室UnitOneLeisureActivities1．AimsofTeachingMasterthewordsdescribingleisureactivities.Improvethestudents’abilitiesofcommunicationandmakingcomments2．KeyPointsLearnsomethingaboutleisureactivities.Learningtoemploythefollowingkeywordsandphrasesintopractice.elderlypersistirritateattempttodosomethingenvironmentfleshoptionalillusionvisionattachtocompletewitharrestconvictinvestigatepenaltysuspectendwithwithoutdoubttakeonbareresumebackoutcatchongetthroughfillinforsomebodyLearningsomemagictricksLearningsomeEnglishgrammar3．MethodsofTeachingUsingmulti-mediateachingequipmentGroup-DiscussionLivingperformance4．TimeArrangement:1Preparation2-3In-ClassReading:EntertainingHumor－What’sFunny?4After-ClassReading5ExercisesUnit1LeisureActivitiesPartIPreparationUsefulInformationTherearesomepeopleinsocietywhoeitherhastoorwanttoworkallthetime.Mostpeople,however,seekwaystosocialize,torelaxortohavefunduringtheirleisurehours.Obviouslypeople'stastesvarydependingontheirincomeandtheirage.Butinrecentyears,thehomeentertainment,industryhasgrownallovertheworld.Insteadofgoingouttoseeamovieortakingawalkinapark,peopleofallagesprefertoturnonthetelevisionandstayathome.Moreandmorefamilieshavetaperecorders,CDplayers,VCRsandVCDstoaddtothevarietyofleisureactivitiesinthehome.Insomecountries,youngpeoplespendhourssittinginfrontoftheircomputers,surfingontheInternetorplayingcomputergames.Despitetheriseinhomeentertainment,therearestillmanypeoplewhoenjoyspendingsomeoftheirleisuretimeattendingsportseventsorparticipatingincompetitivesportsorotherphysicalactivitiessuchasdancingandtaichi(shadowboxing).Exercisenotonlycontributestogoodhealthbutalsotakesthemindawayfromworriesandtroubles.Concerts,playsandotherperformancesconstituteanothersourceofentertainmentoutsidethehome.Whilesomepeopleprefertobeentertained,othersprefertobetheentertainers.Theyderivegreatsatisfactioningivingotherspleasurebymakingthemlaughorbyenablingthemtolosethemselvesintheimaginaryworldofaplayortherelaxingsoundsofmusi3)AgegroupLeisureactivitiesCollegestudentsplayingtennis,playingtabletennis,playingfootball,playingbasketball,goingswimming,goingskating,goingtoKaraokebars,playingcards,goingtomovies,watchingVCDs,playingcomputergames,dancing,playingmusicalinstruments,collectingstamps,collectingcoins,goingtothepub,traveling,.listeningtomusic,readingnovels,watchingasportsmatch,goingtoaconcert,goingtotheatresandmuseums,goingshoppingOurparentswatchingTV,goingshopping,traveling,bowling,dancing,goingtoKaraoke,listeningtomusic,readingnovels,playingmahjong,watchingasportsmatch,goingtoconcert,playingchessOurgrandparentswatchingTV,dancing,bird-raising,growingplantsandflowers,drinkingteaintheteahouse,traveling,listeningtomusic,readingnovels,playingmahjong,watchingasportsmatch,goingtoaconcertMostactiveactivitiesSportsactivities,dancingMostpassiveactivitiesWatchingTV,listeningtomusic,readingnovels,goingtothepub,playingcardsandmahjong,drinkingteaMostpopularactivities(open)WatchingVCDsGoingtomoviesAdvan-tagesIt’smoreconvenient,youdon’thavetobuytickets,andbedressedformally.YoucanwatchaVCDwhereveryoulike.Youcanwatchitoverandoveragainifyoulike.It’smuchcheaperthanwatchingamovie.MoviesarebetterinqualitythanVCDs.Youcanwatchundisturbed.Youhavearelaxedholidayfeeling.Disadvan-tagesThequalityisnotasgoodasthatofamovie.Youarealwaysdisturbedbytelephonecallsorotherthingswhilewatching.Thecinemasaresometimestoonoisy,andtoodirty.Insummertherearemanymosquitoesincinemas.PartIIIn-classReadingPassage EntertainingHumor—What’sFunny?Theusageofsomenewwordsbureau n. 1)（上有移动覆盖的）大书桌，写字台2)（政府机构的）局，部，处e.g.a)atravelbureau旅游局 b)censusbureau人口普查局／调查统计局c)thebureauofpersonnel人事局d)PublicSecurityBureau公安局bureaucracy官员；（公司的）管理人员；官僚政治；官僚机构clarifyv.1)解释；澄清；阐明e.g.a)clarifymatters澄清真相b)Thegovernmenthastimeandagainclarifieditspositiononequalpayforwomen?政府已经反复阐明政府对男女同工同酬的立场。2)使（液体、黄油等）纯净elderlya.过了中年的,稍老的[注意]old,aged,elderly均可用来形容人，意为“老的”，old为一般用语，意为年老的，如：Theolderwegrow,thewiserwebecome.；aged的意思较为庄重，有很老、上了年纪的意思Theagedladydiedofcancer.；elderly指已过中年，日趋老境，如：Themayorisanelderlymanaboutsixty.irritatev.1)激怒 e.g.Thenoiseofthechildrenwasirritatingme.孩子们的吵闹使我恼火。2)刺激 e.g.a)Thesmokeirritatedmyeyes.烟熏得我的眼睛怪难受的。b)Woolirritatesmyskin. 羊毛刺激我的皮肤。3)使疼痛e.g.Insectbitesirritateyourskin.虫子叮疼了你的皮肤。persistvi.(in)坚持不懈，执意1)持续；存留e.g.Onthetopofveryhighmountainssnowpersiststhroughoutthe.year 高山顶上积雪终年不化。2)(in)坚持(不懈)，执意[注意]persist和insist都有“坚持”的意思，persist与in连用，表示“坚持从事某行动”，可以表示不顾挫折困难地坚持，也被用来表示不听开导或劝告而顽固地坚持已见，如：topersistindoingthingsinone’sownway；insist与on连用，有“坚持某个意见”、“坚持要求”、“一定要”的含义，从句中要用虚拟语气，如：Heinsistedonareplyfromthemanager./Heinsistedthatthemanagergivehimareply.persistencen.坚持，固执reasonablea.合理的[注意]reasonable,rational都指“根据理性的”，reasonable形容人或其行为、言词、计划或程序，着重在决定和选择时表现出精明的判断以及由理智支配，如：Hetookareasonableviewofdisputeandofferedasolutionthatwasfair,sensibleandpractical.；rational着重具有合乎逻辑的思考能力，和能作出指导言行的结论的能力，如：Hisapproachtotheproblemisrational.sparklev.1)闪闪发光；闪烁；闪耀e.g.Dewdropssparkledinthemorningsun. 露珠在早晨的阳光下闪闪发光。2)显露，流露（兴奋、兴致等）；发亮e.g.Hereyessparkledwithjoy.她的眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。3)（才智等）焕发 e.g.Thedialoguesparkleswithwit. 这段对话妙趣横生。n.火花；火星；闪烁 II.LanguagePoints1.diverse(l.4)a.不同的,相异的，多种多样的与different相比，diverse更强调同一组事物中各个个体之间不尽相同:e.g.a)Hischaracterisdiversefromhers./diverseinterests/waysb)Therearediverseopinionsaboutit.2.string(l.13)n一串东西：astringofpearls一串珍珠.3.mutual(l.19)a.1)共同的：mutualefforts共同的努力 e.g.amutualfriendofours我们共同的朋友2)互相的；彼此的：e.g.togivemutualsupportandinspiration相互支持并鼓舞.4.help(l.29)vi.有帮助，有用：Thismedicinehandbookhelpsalot. 这本医药手册很有用。5.rangefrom(l.33)rangefrom/between（在一定范围内）变动，变化：e.g.a)Theincreaserangedfromseveraltoseveraldozentimes. 增长几倍至几十倍不等。b)Pricesrangebetween$50and$250.价格在50美元至250美元之间不等。6.makefunofsb.(l.35)v.取笑。也可写为pokefunatsb,tease7.appealto(l.36)v.1)吸引；引起兴趣：Sheappealstome.我对她感兴趣。e.g.Doestheideaofworkingforaventurecompanyappealtoyou?你有没有兴趣到合资企业去工作?Thisadvertisementiscalculatedtoappealtochildren.

这个广告是针对儿童设计的.

Icannotsaysmokingappealtomeverymuch.

我不能说吸烟对我有多大吸引力。2)求助于，诉诸于：e.g.toappealtoarms诉诸武力/toappealtoreason 用理智（讲道理）3)[律]上诉(也可用appealagainst)： appealsth.to…e.g.a)toappealadecisiontoahighercourt不服判决提出上诉b)Heappealedagainstthejudge'sdecision.他不服法官判决而上诉。liein(l.39)v.（存）在于：e.g.Thefundamentalcauseofthedevelopmentofathingliesinitsinternalcontradictoriness.事物发展的根本原因在于事物内部的矛盾性。9.note(l.63)n.Somesetphraseswith"note":1)makeanoteofsomething:writesomethingdownsothatyoucanlookatitlater（记录下）e.g.Imadeanoteofheraddressandphonenumber.2)take/makenotes:writenotes（记笔记）e.g.Shesatquietlyinthecornermakingcarefulnotes.3)takenote:paycarefulattentiontosomething（注意）eg.Peoplewerebeginningtotakenoteofhertalent.10.blame(l.88)v.Somesetphraseswith"blame":1)blamesomebodyforsomething:（责备）e.g.It'snotfairtoblameme—it'snotmyfaultthatwelost.2)betoblame: （是某人的过错） e.g.Youarenottoblameforwhathappened.事情的发生不是你的过错。3)onlyhaveoneselftoblame:usedtosaythatsomeone'sproblemsarehisownfault咎由自取e.g.Ifhefailshisexams,he'llonlyhavehimselftoblame.11.alive(l.88)a.(notusedbeforenoun)1)stilllivingandnotdead: e.g.Itwasreallyabadaccident—they'reluckytobealive.2)activeandhappy:e.g.Itwasthekindofmorningwhenyouwakeupandfeelreallyalive.3)continuingtoexist:e.g.Ancienttraditionsarestillverymuchaliveinruralareas.12.not(no)…because(l.41)并不是因为…而… IdidnotcomebecauseIwasafraidofyou. Ididn’treadthenovelbecauseIdidnotliketheauther. SinceIdidn’tliketheautherofthisnovelIdin’treadit.ReadingComprehensionI.UnderstandingtheOrganizationoftheTextPara.l-3Humorisuniversal,butpeople'ssenseofhumorvaries.Para.4.Evenanimalshaveasenseofhumor.Theauthor'sdogisagoodexample.Para.5Thetypicalthreepartsofajoke:1)setup,2)body,3)punchline.Para.6-12Differentformsofhumor:1)slap-stick,2)Chinese"cross-talk",3)aplayonwords,4)punsanddouble-entendres.Para.13Humorwillpersisteventhoughsomeprofessionalhumoriststhinktoday'shumorisnotveryintelligentorsophisticated.2.UnderstandingSpecificInformation1)B 2)D 3)C 4)A 5)C 6)A 7)A 8)D 9)B l0)BUnitTwoThePowerofWordsAimsofTeaching:LearningthepowerofwordsImprovethestudents’abilitiesofcommunicationandmakingcommentsKeyPointsLearnsomebenefitofnoteLearningtoemploythefollowingkeywordsandphrasesintopractice.acquaintanceaffectedanniversaryboostcharacterizeintrigueinvestmentspontaneousvirtuallyattachimportancetoalbumjuniorsaintifonlymake…ofmoveonachievementshrinkvividvisualyellgointohumanitycareaboutdriftalongtearupputawaygetovermakeforstartoverLearningsomeEnglishgrammar（掌握英语中的虚拟语气）MethodsofTeachingUsingmulti-mediateachingequipmentGroup-Discussion（分组讨论――了解语言的魅力）TimeArrangement:1Preparation2-3In-ClassReading:ThePowerofWords4After-ClassReading5ExercisesUnit2ThePowerofWordsPartIPreparation1.

AbriefintroductiontothethemeInourpersonallives,otherpeople’swordscanchangeourmoodorevenourattitudes.Wordsareanessentiallinkbetweenfriends,relatives,colleaguesandacquaintances.Usingkindandthoughtfulwordstomaintainandtoimproveourrelationshipsisonewaytocontributetothewell-beingofothers.Thewrittenwordisevenmorepowerfulthanthespokenwordbecauseitcanbekeptandtreasuredasapermanentreminderofapositivegestureonthepartofsomeonewekneworstillknow.2.

Talkingaboutthesentencesthathaveaffectedyou.1)Workingroupstotelleachotherthesentencethatcanchangeadayorevenyourattitudetowardlife.2)TguidesSstoreviewsomeusefulproverbsandsayings.Itisnevertoolatetolearn.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Wellbegun,halfdone.Timeismoney,butmoneyisnottime.Alifewithoutafriendisalifewithoutasun.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.3.

TalkingaboutdialectsandMandarinQuestion:IsadialectevermoreusefulthanMandarin?Whyorwhynot?4.

DoExercise2:workinpairstomakeupastoryaccordingtothepictures.VocabularyIn-ClassReading1.acquaintancen.1)熟人，相识的人Heisnomorethananacquaintanceofme.Weareonlyonnoddingacquaintance.我们不过是点头之交。2)认识，了解HehassomeacquaintancewithFrench.Ihaveonlyalimitedacquaintancewiththematter.acquaintv.1)beacquaintedwithsb./sth.:toknowsb./sth.slightlySheisacquaintedwithme.Heisbutslightlyacquaintedwithclassicalmusic.他对古典音乐只是略知一二。2)acquaintsb.With(formal):tell,informI’llacquaintyouwiththefact.2.affectv.1)（广义）影响Theareaisseverelyaffectedbytheflood.Theclimateaffectedhishealth.2)（狭义）（在感情方面）感动Sadmoviescansoaffectusthatwecancry.Iwasdeeplyaffectedbyhiswords.affectationn.做作affectionn.爱affectingadj.动人的affectedadj.做作的a.Noonelikesaffectedpersons.Difference:affect(v.),effect(n.)Remember:affect=haveaneffectonCompare:a.Smokingaffectsyourhealth.b.Smokinghasaneffectonyourhealth.c.Theeffectwillaffecttheperformanceofthedevice.这一结果将影响该装置的性能。3.characterize/isev.1)以…为特征InneremptinessischaracterizessomeoftheHollywoodpictures.InneremptinessischaracteristicofsomeoftheHollywoodpictures.Remember:characterize=becharacteristicof是…的特点charactern.性格，人物Hehasagoodcharacter.Hercharacterisgood.Ihaveknownherforyears.characteristicn.特色a.Qingdaohasallthecharacteristicsofatypicalseasideresort.青岛是一座具有典型海滨特色的城市。4)complimentaryadj.expressingadmiration,praise赞赏的;givenfreeasfavororoutofrespect免费赠送的Shewashighlycomplimentaryaboutmypaintings.complementaryticketsforthetheatre剧团赠票5)enthusiasmn.strongexcitementorfeelingwithenthusiasm热情地Wesetaboutourtaskatoncewithgreatenthusiasm.6)intriguev.interestsomeone;makeandcarryoutsecretplanstodosth.bad搞阴谋诡计Whatyousayintriguesme;tellmemore.Shewasintriguingwithhersisteragainsthermother.7)overdueadj.notpaid,completed,arrived,etcbythedueorexpectedtimeThesebillsareoverdueandtheyshouldhavebeenpaidbeforenow.Thetrainisoverdue.Itislate.over表示“过于……的”overchargeoversleepovereatoverestimateoverreactoverdose8)recipientn.onethatreceives接受者receivev.接受，收下receiptn.收据，发票receptiveadj.善于接受的，能接纳的receptionn.接待，招待会9)thrivev.togrowvigorouslythriveon以……旺盛Hethrivesoncriticism.他接受批评而不断进步。10)virtuallyadv.practically实际上;almost,verynearly几乎，差不多Theworld’sgovernmentshavedone____nothingtocombatthethreatofnuclearaccidents.A)inherentlyB)vitallyC)virtuallyD)identically[C]11)attach:fix;fasten;joinSheattachedastamptotheenvelopeandmailedit.attachimportanceto:considerimportantItisunwisetoattachtoomuchimportancetotheinformation.12)owe…to:admitasthecauseIowemysuccesstohim.Sheowedhergoodhealthtoherregularlife.13)becreditedfor:bepraisedfor因为……而受到称赞Sheiscreditedforestablishingthelibraryinthisvillage.After-ClassReadingPassageOne1.junioradj.1)初级的a.Moststudentsgraduatefromajuniorhighschoolattheageof15.2）较年幼的反义词：senior较年长的a.Myjuniorbrotherisverynaughty.3）资历较浅的a.Hisappointmentisjuniortominebysixmonths.Sohisworkingexperienceisalittleshorterthanmine.juniorn.（美国四年制大学）三年级学生freshman（大一学生）,sophomore（大二学生）,junior,senior（大四学生）PassageTwo1.shrinkv.退缩，畏缩a.Bravemennevershrinkfromdanger.b.Thefrightenedchildshrankintoacorner.缩小，减少a.Thepopulationofthetownhasshrankinrecentyears.b.Abadharvestcausedthefarmer’sincometoshrink.3)缩水a.Woolshrinksinwashing.b.Willthissweatershrinkwhenwashed?2.applicationn.申请（不可数），申请表、申请书（可数）a.Hehadnochoicebuttoapprovetheapplicationformembership.b.Themanagerreceived20applicationsforthepost.使用，应用，适用a.Theapplicationofwhatyouknowwillhelpyousolvenewproblems.b.Thatrulehasnoapplicationtothisparticularcase.applyv.申请a.Ihaveappliedforapassport.b.Heappliedtobetransferredtoanotherdepartment.应用，运用a.Weshouldapplyboththeoriesinthelanguageclassroom.b.Ihaveseenthatmethodappliedbymanydifferentpeople.appliedadj.应用的appliedscience（应用科学），appliedmathematics（应用数学）UnitThreeGenderDifferencesAimsofTeaching:Masterthewordsdescribinggenderdifferences.Improvethestudents’abilitiesofobservinganddescribinggenderdifferencesandmakingcommentsDiscussingthecauseofgenderdifference(bothpsychicallyandculturally)KeyPointsLearnsomewordsaboutgenderdifferenceLearningtoemploythefollowingkeywordsandphrasesintopracticeappropriatelyapproveconstitutionassumptioninnumerablenoticeablysubordinationasamatteroffactcallonuptoputawaytakeoverturnoutaccustomedcontemptpervadetolerateatadisadvantagebetypicalofbeinminorityoriginatetoughuniversalbeconsistentwithdefertohaveatendencytodosth.inthecompanyofopenupsortoutin/withregardtoMastertheimportantgrammar(掌握本课重要语法――后置定语)LearningtheskillsofreadingMethodsofTeachingUsingmulti-mediateachingequipmentGroup-DiscussionAppreciatethepassageTimeArrangement(课时安排):1Preparation2-3In-ClassReading:GenderRolesfromaCulturePerspective4After-ClassReading5ExercisesUnit3GenderDifferencePartOne:PreparationDiscussthefollowingquestions.A.Apartfromthephysicaldifferencesbetweenmenandwomen,arethereanyfeaturesofmenandwomenthatarepatternedbyculture?Givesomeexamples.GenderDifference:ManWomanHaveanaggressivenatureSeldomexpressfeelingsArestrongandfullofvigorAreindependentAredaringArenotexcitedbytrivialmattersArelessconcernedwiththeirappearanceAremorelikelyto“explodelikeavolcano”MakedecisionseasilyAremoredominatingAreneatandcleanLiketotalkAreshyandobedientHaveanextremelystrongneedforsecurityPayagreatdealofattentiontotheirappearanceAreloyalEasilyexpressgentlefeelingsArewell-manneredUnderstandotherpeople’sfeelingsbetterAremoresensitiveB.Ineachsubject,whodoyouthinkdobetter,boysorgirls?(art,language,music,geography,chemistry,history,P.E.,math)Ithink,generallyspeaking,boysdobetterinchemistry,math,geographyandP.E.,andgirlsinart,language,musicandhistory.C.Fromyourpointofview,whatarethecharacteristicsoftheidealwifeandtheidealhusband?Idealhusbandtall,handsomeandstrong/rich/capableofsupportingafamily/educatedandwithagoodcareer/kindandloyalIdealwifewarmed-hearted/beautifulandhealthy/capableofunderstandingherhusband/intelligentandeducated/havingsomeinterestsincommonwithherhusband/agoodcookD.Wouldtheidealwifeandtheidealhusbandhavebeendifferentinyourparents’generationandinyourgrandparents’generation?Ifso,how?Yes.Inmygrandparents’generation,people,especiallywomen,didn’thavetobeeducatedsolongastheyhadsomeonetosupportthemorcouldearnaliving.Ofcourse,awomanwouldhavelikedtomarryarichman,butatthattime,moneywasnotconsideredtobesoimportant.Inmyparents’generation,knowledgeandmoneywerelessimportant.Theidealhusbandandtheidealwifewouldbothbeworkers.PartTwoIn-ClassReading:GenderRolesfromaCulturalPerspectivePartTwoReading-CenteredActivitiesPre-ReadingUnderstandingWordsinContextPassageReadingStudentswillgetthepassagefromtheirteacherandreaditontheirown.Theyshouldfinishitwithin12minutes.Theywillberequiredtorecordthetimetheyactuallytake.PostReadingReadingComprehensiona.AfterthestudentshavefinishedIn–ClassReading,theywillbeaskedtodoExercises1,2,3Pre-reading.SampleIthinkgenerallyspeaking,boysdobetterinchemistry,math,geographyandP.E.andgirlsinart,language,musicandhistory.b.Summaryofthetext:Duringthepastfewdecades.Ithasbeenprovedthatthevarioustypesofbehavior,emotions,andintereststhatconstitutebeingmasculineandfemininearepatternedbybothheredityandculture.IntheAmericaneducationprocess,thisseriousphenomenonhasbeenexperimentedtoprovethatsexualdiscriminationhasbeenexistedinallformsofeducation,inwhichboysaremorefavoredthangirls.Thispreventstheeducationprovesbeingsuccessfulallovertheworld.Inthisway,societyenhancesitsestablishedvaluesandproveseachgenderinitstraditionalandexpectedmold.Butaccordingtothescientists,thisisrelatedtothegenderdiscrimination,ratherthanbiologicalnotionsofmasculinityandfemininity.c.WordsandPhrases1.aspiration:n.strongdesireorambitiona.Thepeaceisthecommonaspirationoftheworld’speople.2.constitute[a]toconstitute:makeup(awhole);formToconstitutesomethingistobethepartsthatformitormakeitup.Sevendaysconstituteaweek.Listening,speaking,reading,thenwritingconstitutethefundamentalorderinlanguagelearning.[b]toconstitute:tosetup;establishGovernmentsshouldbeconstitutedbythewillofthepeople.Acommitteewasconstitutedtoinvestigate(lookinto)risingprices.[c]toconstitute:toappoint任命(某人)担任(某职务),指定,派...为Hewasconstitutedchiefadviser.他被任命为首席顾问。辨析constitute,compose,comprise组成,构成,由...组成toconstitute正式用语,指若干部分构成一个整体,不用被动语态tocompose指一个整体由若干部分构成或由哪些要素构成,常用becomposedof(整体iscomposedof部分)WateriscomposedofHydrogenandOxygen.Steeliscomposedofironandanumberofotherelements.Thebookcomprisestenchapters.这本书共有十章。Studyinganddoingexperimentscomprisedpracticallythewholeofhislife.研究和做实验几乎就是他生活的全部内容。tocomprise不仅有“整体由...构成”的意思,还有”由若干部分构成整体”的意思,不用被动语态。tomakeup组成,构成(注意:被动语态的句子要加,多用于被动语态)Thesethreearticlesmakeupthewholebook.Theboardofdirectorsismadeupofexperiencedpeople.Societyismadeupofpeoplewithwidelydifferingabilities.toconsistof:tobemadeupofTheUnitedKingdomconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Auniversityconsistsofteachers,administratorsandstudents.3.obediencen.beingobedienta.Heshowedobedienceandrespecttohisparents.b.Thesoldieractedinobediencetohisofficer.4.callona.Theprofessorlikescallingonmeintheclass.(asksbtoanswerquestions)b.Thegovernmentcalledonthepeopletofightagainsttheflood.(appeal)c.Shecalledonmepersonally.(visit)5.putaway:a.We’dbetterputthebooksawayneatlyinthecupboard.(putsthinabox,drawer,etc.inwhichitisusuallykept)b.We’vegotafewthousandpoundsputawayforarainyday.2)in(the)processofWhenyouaretalkingaboutsth.thathashappenedorhasbeendone,andyoutalkaboutsth.elsethathappenedorwasdoneintheprocess,youmeanthatthesecondeventhappenedduringthefirstorasaresultofthefirst.Youareintheprocessofsthwhenyouarestilldoingit.Thehouseisintheprocessofbeingbuilt.Theyplayanimportantpartintheprocessoflearning.3)tocallon[a]tocallon:tovisitsbYoucallonsbwhenyoupaytemashortvisit.WecalledonTononthewaynorth.Ihopetocallonyouatyourofficeat3today.[b]tocallonsbtodosth/tocallonsbforsth:toasksbtodosth/toasksbforsthWhenyoucallonoruponsbtodosthyouaskordemandthattheyshoulddoit.Hecalledonmetospeakafterhim.I’llcallonMaryforananswer.[c]tocallon:toneedtouseThePresidentcalledonhispeopletomakesacrificeforthegoodoftheircountry.Wecalloneveryfriendtosupporthim4)tohaveanimpacton...impact:strongimpressionoreffectonsb./sth.Theimpactthatsomethinghasonyouistheeffectithasortheimpressionitmakes.Hiscriticismshavemadelittleimpactonourresolvetopursuethecampaign.Thatfirstmeetinghadaverystrongimpactonme.Thisbookhad/madeatremendousimpactonitsreaders.theimpactofnewmethods/technologyonmodernindustry.新方法,新技术对现代工业的巨大影响。toimpacton:tohaveaneffecton...influence:powertoaffectaperson’scharacteroractionsYouhaveinfluenceoversb.iftheytendtofollowyouradvice,agreewithyouropinionsorcopyyourbehaviororthewayyoudothings.He’llusehisinfluencewiththemanagertogetsthdoneaboutit.Somethinghasaninfluenceonthingsthatitaffectorchanges.Thebookdiscussestheinfluenceofthewaronthepovertyoftheperiod.5)todevelop[a]todevelopsb./sth.o...:causetogrowgraduallySomethingorsomeonedevelopswhentheygrow,changeandprogress;youdevelopsth.whenyouputyoureffortsandenergyintomakingitprogressHandinhandwithreadinghehaddevelopedthehabitofmakingnotes.Theyprovidedgoodmaterialfordevelopingthereadingskills.[b]todevelop:totreat(anexposedfilm)sothatthephotocanbeseen冲洗胶卷)totakeafilmtobedeveloped6)asamatteroffactYouusethephrasesinfact,inactualfact,asamatteroffactandinpointoffacttoemphasizethetruthoraccuracyofwhatyouarereporting,ortocorrectawrongimpressionthatmayhavebeenmade.Asamatteroffact,wealsoreceivedaletterfromhim.Asamatteroffact,Idon’tknowshe/hediedyesterday.thematter:wrongSomethingisthematterwhensthiswrong,orthereisaproblem.Icouldseeshehadbeencrying,andIaskedherwhatthematterwas.Icouldn’tunderstandwhatwasthematterwithme.Thereissomethingthematterwiththiscar.Thereisnothingthematterwithhim;heisjustpretending.Anythingthematterwithyou?inthematterof:concerning在...方面Thechildrenhaveeverythingtheyneedinthematterofclothes,butveryfewtoys.tomakemattersworse:tomakeastateofaffairsmoreserious,moredifficulttodealwithTryingtosmoothheronlymademattersworse.IrealizedthatanythingIcouldsaywouldonlymattersworse.7)totakeover:togaincontroloverandresponsibilityforTotakeoveracompanyororganizationistogaincontrolofit.Youtakeoverajobfromanotherpersonwhenyoustartdoingitaftertheyhavestoppeddoingit.Thislargecompanyhastakenovermanysmallones.HeistakingovermyjobwhenIamonholiday.Whodoyouthinkwilltakeovernowthatthegovernorhasbeendismissed?8)subordination...totosubordinatesth.tosth.:totreatsthasoflesserimportantthansth.elseIfyousubordinatesth.tosth.elseyoutreatitasbeinglessimportantthanthatotherthing.Hesubordinatedhispersonalneedstohispoliticalinterests.tosubordinatepassiontoreason使感情受理智控制subordinateadj.Somethingthatissubordinatetosomethingelseissecondarytooroflessimportancethanthatotherthing.Ifonepersonissubordinatetoanother,theyareofalowerrankorimportancethanotherpersonandtakeordersfromthem.[oppositesuperior]Inthearmyacaptainissubordinatetoamajor.9)inaccordancewith:inagreementwithorharmonywithsth.Somethingisdoneorhappensinaccordancewitharule,laworprinciple,ifitobeysit.inaccordancewithone’swishestoactinaccordancewithcustoms,theregulations,thelawInaccordancewithyourorders,Isoldtheboat.Nowadaysyouareencouragedtolookafteryourselffirst,whichisnot