新教材2025版高中英语课时作业十四Unit3ConservationPartⅡLesson1TheSixthExtinction北师大版选择性必修第一册

课时作业(十四)Unit3PartⅡLesson1TheSixthExtinctionⅠ.阅读理解AIntheshorttimeSteveandZachhadbeeninsidetheirtentpackingtheirtools,wind­blownflamehadskippedfromthetopofonetreetoanother.Thelongdrysummerhadturnedtheforestintoatinderbox.“Let'sgo!Wecanmakeitbacktotheriverwecrossedtoday！”StevekeptBradyontheleadandtheirheadsdownagainstthefire­wind.ButBradybarkedasharpwarning.Aheadofthemlayathickcurtainofsmokeacrossthetrack.Theywouldnevermakeitthroughthat.Thedogwaspullingathisleadtryingtodrawthemawayfromthesmoke,andyetStevewasuneasy.Itseemedtohimthattheyweremovingawayfromtheriver.Suddenly,Zachcried.“Zach！”Steveshouted.“AreyouOK?Whereareyou？”ThenBradypulledStevedownasharpslope(斜坡).Atitsbase,Zachwasrubbinghisankle.AsStevehelpedhisfriendtohisfeet,Bradyliftedhisheadandsnuffed(嗅)thesmoke­ladenwind.Nextmoment,thedogboundedawayanddisappeared.Theboysshoutedforhim,buthedidn'tcomeback.Stevecouldn'tblameBradyforpanicking.Hehimselfwantedtoruneventhoughhedidn'thaveacluewhichwayto.SteveandZachhadn'tgonefarwhentherewasafamiliarbark,andBradycamebounding,stoppeddirectlyinfrontofSteveandhithimwithhishead,pushinghimbacktowardtheslopethey'djustclimbed.ButStevedidn'tgetit.ThenBradygrabbedtheboy'sjeansandstartedpulling.Themessagewasclear,butStevehesitated.OfcourseherememberedBradysavinghisuncle'slifewhenthedogwasmuchyounger.Washestillsharpenoughtogetthemthroughthis?Nearby,apinewentupinawhooshofsmoke.Bradypulledagain,urgently.“OK,thebigguy，”Stevegrittedhisteeth(咬紧牙关).Bradyledthembackdowntheslopeandintothetrees.Notfarfromthemfirewastouchingunderbrush.Severaltimesthebigdogstopped.Oftenhechangeddirections.Stevewassotiredthathejustwantedtorest,butBradywouldn'thaveit.Thedogbulliedbothboysintogoingon.Stevehadnoideahowlongthey'dwalked.Hewasalmostnumbwhenheheardit—thewonderfulsoundofrushingwater!1．WhathappenedtoSteveandZachatfirst?A．Theygotinjured.B．Theylosttheirdog.C．Theyweretrapped.D．Theybecameseparated.2．Bradyranawayto________.A．seekhelpB．findawayoutC．rescueZachD．escape3．HowdidStevefeelafterBradypulledhisjeans?A．Uneasy.B．Impatient.C．Numb.D．Uncertain.4．Thepassagebasicallydescribes________.A．anadventureB．anexplorationC．anescapegameD．atrainingprogramBAwarmdrinkofmilkbeforebedhaslongbeenthebestchoiceforthosewantingagoodnight'ssleep.Butnowastudyhasfounditreallydoeshelppeoplenodoff—ifitismilkedfromacowatnight.Researchershavediscoveredthat“nightmilk”containsmoremelatonin(褪黑激素),whichhasbeenproventohelppeoplefeelsleepyandreduceanxiety.Thestudy,byresearchersfromSeoul,SouthKorea,involvedmicebeingfedwithdriedmilkpowdermadefromcowsmilkedbothduringthedayandatnight.Thosegivennightmilk,whichcontained10timestheamountofmelatonin,werelessactiveandlessanxiousthanthosefedwiththemilkcollectedduringdaytime,accordingtothestudypublishedinTheJournalofMedicinalFood.Nightmilkquickenedthestartofsleepandcausedthemicetosleeplonger.Whiletheeffectofcowsmilkharvestedatdifferenttimehasnotbeentestedonhumansuptonow,takingmelatonindrugshasbeensuggestedtothosewhoarestrugglingtofallasleepatnight.Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleepbecauseofthecalciumcontent,whichhelpspeopletorelax.Milkisalsosugar­freeandadditive­freewithnutritionistsrecommendingskimmedmilkasthebestchoicebeforebedasitistheleastfattening.Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtime,thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.5．Accordingtothetext,themicefedwithdaytimemilk________.A．startedsleepmoreeasilyB．weremoreanxiousC．werelessactiveD．wokeuplater6．Whichofthefollowingistrueofmelatoninaccordingtothetext?A．It'sbeentestedonmicefortentimes.B．Itcanmakepeoplemoreenergetic.C．Itexistsinmilkingreatamount.D．It'susedinsleepingdrugs.7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．NightMilkandSleepB．Fat,SugarandHealthC．AnExperimentonMiceD．MilkDrinkingandHealth8．Howdoestheauthorsupportthethemeofthetext?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bystatingarguments.C．Byexplainingstatisticaldata.D．Byprovidingresearchresults.Ⅱ.完形填空SavannahPhillipssatintoherwindowseatonaUnitedAirlinesflighttoIllinois.She__1__atherseatmate.Hewasinhis60sandwasbusytexting.Thewordswere__2__largeandthescreenwasbright,makingiteasyforPhillipsto__3__whathewastappingout：“HeyBabe,I'msittingnexttoasmellyfatty.”“Itwaslikeconfirmationofthenegative__4__Ithinkaboutmyselfperday，”the33­year­oldmotherwroteinaFacebookpostaftertheflight.Soontears__5__downhercheeksasshehuggedthecabinwalltightly.Sittingarow__6__themwasChaseIrwin.Hecouldseetheman'stextsandPhillips.“I__7__herlookingathisphone.Iwassicktomystomach.Icouldnothavethisguysitnexttoherandherthinkinghe's__8__her，”hetoldNashville'sNewsChannel5.__9__，Irwinhadunfastenedhisseatbeltandwashovering(徘徊)overthetexter.“Hey,Ineedtotalktoyou，”Irwintoldhim.“Weare__10__seats,now.”Whenthetexterasked__11__.Irwinsaid,“You'retextingabouther,andI'mnot__12__that.”Thetexter__13__quickly.IrwinsatbesidePhillipsandwassooncheeringuphisnewseatmate.“Heencouragedmenottoletthatguygettomeandthateverythingwasgoingtobe__14__，”Phillipswrote.Andhewasright.SheandIrwinspenttherestoftheflightchattinglikeoldfriends.Withher__15__inhumanityrestored,PhillipswroteonFacebook,“Theflightattendanttoldhimthathewasherhero.Hewasmine,too.”1．A.staredB．guessedC．glancedD．wondered2．A.unusuallyB．stronglyC．preciouslyD．attractively3．A.watchB．masterC．readD．predict4．A.effectsB．thingsC．charactersD．actions5．A.streamedB．jumpedC．followedD．wandered6．A.outsideB．beyondC．acrossD．behind7．A.imaginedB．preventedC．noticedD．left8．A.gettingholdofB．takingcontrolofC．takingadvantageofD．makingfunof9．A.InstantlyB．HesitantlyC．CautiouslyD．Proudly10．A.fixingB．designingC．switchingD．cleaning11．A.howB．whyC．whenD．what12．A.breakingupwithB．puttingupwithC．comingupwithD．keepingupwith13．A.reactedB．repliedC．agreedD．shook14．A.beautifulB．goneC．possibleD．fine15．A.faithB．valueC．gratitudeD．achievement课时作业(十四)Ⅰ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】文章属于记叙文，讲解并描述Steve和Zach在森林宿营时遇到大火，他们的狗Brady全力以赴救二人脱险的经验。1．答案与解析：D细微环节理解题。依据第三段Suddenly,Zachcried.“Zach！”Steveshouted.“AreyouOK?Whereareyou？”ThenBradypulledStevedownasharpslope(斜坡).Atitsbase,Zachwasrubbinghisankle.可知二人分开了。2．答案与解析：B推理推断题。依据最终两段内容可知Brady凭借自己的敏锐为Steve和Zach找寻到了去河边的平安通道。3．答案与解析：D细微环节理解题。依据第五段中ButStevedidn'tgetit.ThenBradygrabbedtheboy'sjeansandstartedpulling.Themessagewasclear,butStevehesitated.可知Steve迟疑不决。4．答案与解析：A推理推断题。依据全文内容可知这是一个冒险经验。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。晚上睡前喝一杯热牛奶有助于睡眠是一个常识，那么睡前喝在夜间收集的牛奶对睡眠有哪些影响呢？让我们一起来看看探讨者的新发觉吧。5．答案与解析：B推理推断题。依据第四段“Thosegivennightmilk...duringdaytime.”可知，喝了白天挤出来的牛奶的老鼠更活跃，也很少焦虑。6．答案与解析：D推理推断题。依据第六段第一句“...takingmelatonin...atnight”可知，安眠类药品里含有褪黑激素。故选D。7．答案与解析：A标题概括题。本文主要介绍了喝晚上挤出来的牛奶对睡眠的好处，因为晚上挤出来的牛奶中含有更多的褪黑激素，所以喝晚上挤出来的牛奶有助于睡眠，还能减轻身体负担。故A项“晚上挤出来的牛奶和睡眠”最能概括文章主旨，适合作标题。故选A。8．答案与解析：D写作手法题。本文先用睡前喝牛奶有助睡眠这一传统观点引出主题，即睡前喝晚上挤出来的牛奶不仅有助睡眠，还能减轻身体负担，然后引用了详细的探讨结果来进一步论证主题，阐释观点。故选D。Ⅱ.完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了SavannahPhillips在飞往Illinois的飞机上，无意间看到邻座发短信称她为臭胖子，这让她感到特别苦痛。Savannah后排的乘客Irwin看到了这一切，然后将座位换到了她的旁边来激励她的故事。1．答案与解析：C考查动词辨析。依据下文中的“Thewordswere________largeandthescreenwasbright”可知，Phillips瞥见了邻座手机上的信息。glance意为“瞥见”，符合语境。故选C。2．答案与解析：A考查副词辨析。依据语境可知，男人手机的字体特殊大。unusually意为“特殊地，不寻常地”，符合语境。故选A。3．答案与解析：C考查动词辨析。依据上文中的“Thewordswere________largeandthescreenwasbright”可知，男人手机上的字体很大且屏幕很亮，因此Phillips很简单看到邻座屏幕上的字。read意为“读取”，符合语境。故选C。4．答案与解析：B考查名词辨析。依据语境可知，男人的话就像Phillips每天对自己的消极看法的证据。thing意为“事情”，符合语境。故选B。5．答案与解析：A考查动词辨析。依据上文中的“tears”及语境可知，泪水沿着她的脸蛋流了下来。stream意为“流”，符合语境。故选A。6．答案与解析：D考查介词辨析。依据第三段其次句“Hecouldseetheman'stextsandPhillips.”可推知，Irwin坐在他们