（高考英语作文炼句）第58篇译文老师笔记

PAGEPAGE11.如果政府不肯同意公民的合法诉求,公民有权发起和平抗议.Citizens

areentitledto

(1.有资格有……,有权做……)stagepeacefulprotests

(2.发起和平抗议)ifthegovernmentfailsto

accedetotheirlegitimatedemands(3.同意他们的合法诉求).

1-beentitledtodo

词典释义：entitleUK

[ɪn'taɪ.tl]

US

[-tˌl]

verb

transitive

ALLOW

允许

ADVANCED

■togivesomeonetherighttodoorhavesomething

给予(某人…)的权利;使符合资格•Beingunemployed

entitles

you

to

free

medicaltreatment.失业时,你有权享受免费医疗.•[+

to

infinitive]Theemployeris

entitled

to

askforreferences.雇主有权索取推荐信.

外刊例句：TwohighcourtjudgesruledthatSmith

was

legally

entitled

to

stagethe

awardfromlastDecember.

()两位最高法院法官裁定,史密斯有权拿回自上个12月算起的全部赔偿裁定额.

替换表达：havetherighttodo

2-stagepeacefulprotests

词典释义：stage5.VERB

动词

组织(活动或仪式)

Ifyou

stage

aneventorceremony,youorganizeitandusuallytakepartin

it.•Russianworkershave

stageda

numberofstrikesinprotestattherepublic'sdeclarationofindependence...俄罗斯工人已经举行了数次罢工,抗议该共和国宣布独立.•Atthemiddleofthisyearthegovernment

stagedahugemilitaryparade.今年年中,政府举行了一次盛大的阅兵活动.

外刊例句：Anarmyofleft-wingnationalistsloyalto

AndrésManuelLópezObrador,whocamesecondtoMrPeñainlastyear’s

presidentialelection,plansto

stage

protests

inMexicoCityincomingweeks.()洛佩兹在去年总统大选中仅次于佩拉,其大批左翼忠实支持者将于接下来的星期里,在墨西哥城抗议游行.

替换表达：organize/hold/mountprotests,protestpeacefully

3-accedetotheirlegitimatedemands

词典释义：accede[ək'si：d]

verb

Phrasal

Verbs

accedetosth

formal

■toagreetodowhatpeoplehaveaskedyoutodo

同意,应允•Hegraciously

acceded

toourrequest.他很通情达理,同意了我们的请求.•Itisdoubtfulwhetherthegovernmentwillever

accede

tothenationalists'demandsforindependence.难以预料政府是否会同意民族主义者的独立要求.

legitimate

UK

[lə'dʒɪt.ɪ.mət]

US

[-'dʒɪtˌ-]

adjective

ADVANCED

■allowedbylaw

合法的,正当的,法律允许的

•Thearmymustgivepowerbacktothe

legitimate

government.军队必须将权力交还给合法政府.

ADVANCED

■reasonableandacceptable

合理的,可接受的,得到认可的

•Heclaimedthattherestaurantbillwasa

legitimate

businessexpense.他声称饭店帐单是一笔合理的业务开支.

外刊例句：Butsheaddedthatthegovernmentwouldnot

accedeto

longstanding

demands

fora$1bn(£447m)fundto

compensatethoseaffectedbythepolicy,whichwasbasedonrace.

()但她补充道,政府不会接受这些由来已久的诉求：要求政府拿出十亿美金来补偿那些因为种族原因而受政策影响的人群.

替换表达：agreetosomething

学生错误表达：(1)agreethelegitimatedemandsofcitizens点评：agree在这里是不及物动词,要改为agreetothelegitimatedemandsofcitizens(2)agreewithcitizens'legalclaims点评：agreewith

something含义是"认同某事”,例如：IseeyourpointbutI'mnot

sureIagreewithyou.我明白你的观点,但恐怕我不能苟同.而agreetosomething含义则是"同意做(某人要求你做的)事情”,例如：Idon'tunderstand

whyhedoesn'tagreetothedivorce.我理解为什么他不同意离婚.这里句子的意思是"政府接受公民的诉求”,因此应该用agreetocitizenslegalclaims

2.让每个人震惊的一点是,对受灾地区人民的扶助不足是官员腐败的直接结果.Toeveryone'sshock,

theinadequacyofprovisionfor

(1.对……的扶助不足)peopleindisaster-strickenareasturnedouttobeadirectresultof

officialcorruption(2.官员腐败).

1-theinadequacyofprovisionfor

词典释义：inadequacy

[ɪ'næd.ɪ.kwə.si]

noun

countable

or

uncountable

■whensomethingisnotgoodenoughortoosmallinamount

不够好;劣质•Economicgrowthishinderedbythe

inadequacies

of

thepublictransportsystem.经济发展受制于公共交通运输系统的不完善.•The

inadequacy

ofthebudgetislikelytocause

problems.预算的不足有可能会导致问题.

provision

●●●○○1.N-UNCOUNT

不可数名词

供应;提供

The

provisionof

somethingistheactofgivingitormakingitavailabletopeoplewhoneed

orwantit.•Thedepartmentisresponsibleforthe

provision

ofresidentialcareservices.该部门负责提供家庭护理服务.•...nursery

provision

forchildrenwithspecialneeds.为有特殊需要的儿童提供护理2.N-VAR

可变名词

预备;准备;预先采取的措施

Ifyoumake

provisionfor

somethingthat

mighthappenorthatmightneedtobedone,youmakearrangementstodeal

withit.•MrKingaskedifithadeveroccurredtohertomake

provision

forherownpension...金先生问她是否曾想过要为自己的养老金预先作安排.

•Thereisno

provision

forfundingperformance-relatedpayrises.没有为与业绩挂钩的加薪预作资金准备.

外刊例句：Butthefinancialturmoilhasalsoshownup

the

inadequacy

oftheregion'sown

self-helpmechanisms.

()但这次财政混乱也反映了,该地区自救系统不够完备.

2-officialcorruption

词典释义：official[ə'fɪʃ.əl]

adjective

ESSENTIAL

■relatingtoapositionofresponsibility

官员的;公职的;公务的•HevisitedChinainhis

official

capacityas

America'straderepresentative.他以美方贸易代表的身份访问了中国.•NumberTenDowningStreetistheBritishprimeminister's

official

residence.唐宁街10号是英国首相的官邸.

corruption

[kə'rʌp.ʃən]

noun

BAD

腐败

IMPROVER

uncountable

■illegal,badordishonestbehaviour,especiallybypeople

inpositionsofpower

(尤指当权者的)贪污,腐败,堕落

•Thefilmisaboutayoungpolice-officerandhisstruggle

to

expose

corruption

intheforce.电影讲述的是一个年轻员警的故事,表现了他是如何克服困难揭露警方内部腐败的.•Political

corruption

iswidespreadthroughoutthe

country.政治腐败在全国蔓延.

外刊例句：Inhisfirstaddresssincebeingregisteredas

acandidateforRussia'sMarchpresidentialelection,Medvedevsaid

officialcorruption

hadnowreacheda

"hugescale".()梅德韦杰夫在注册为3月份的总统大选候选人后,首次发表讲话时称,官员腐败程度现在已达到了"巨大规模”.

3.在骇人听闻的恐怖袭击之后,政府加强安全防御来减轻人们对武装暴力的恐惧.Rightafterthe

appalling

(1.骇人听闻的)terroristactivity,thegovernment

tightenedsecurity

(2.加强安全防御)to

allaypublicfears

(3.减轻人们对……的恐惧)aboutarmedviolence.

1-appalling

词典释义：appallingUK

[ə'pɔ：.lɪŋ]

US

[-'pɑ：-]

adjective

ADVANCED

■shockingandverybad

骇人听闻的,令人震惊的;极为恶劣的

•appalling

injuries惨不忍睹的伤处•Prisonerswerekeptinthemost

appalling

conditions.犯人被关押在条件极其恶劣的地方.

外刊例句：Such

imagesare

appalling;thatthey

havebecomefamiliarisevenmoreso.()如此图片实在骇人听闻;而他们却已对此越发习以为常.

替换表达：horrifying/dreadful/shocking/terrifying

2-tightensecurity

词典释义：tighten6.VERB

动词

使(规定、政策、制度)更加严格;使更加有效

Ifsomeoneinauthority

tightens

arule,apolicy,

orasystem,theymakeitstricterormoreefficient.•TheUnitedStatesplansto

tighten

theeconomicsanctionscurrentlyinplace...美国计划加大现有经济制裁的力度.

•Theyhave

tightenedsecurityalongtheborder...他们加强了边境的安全工作.•Take-offandlandingprocedureshavebeen

tightenedaftertwojetsnarrowlyescapeddisaster.在两架喷气机差点出事故之后,起飞和降落的操作规程更加严格了.Tightenup

meansthesameas

tighten.

tightenup

同tighten•Untilthisweek,everyattemptto

tighten

upthelawhadfailed...到本周为止,一切旨在严格执法的努力都失败了.

•Heaccusedministersofbreakingelectionpledgesto

tighten

uponimmigration.他指责部长们没有兑现在竞选中许下的加强移民管制的诺言.

外刊例句：Itsaiditwasreviewingmethodsto

tightensecurity,includingnew

computersoftwarecapableofcompilingapassenger"blacklist"and

theinstallationofCCTVcamerasonaircraft.

()它说它将重新检阅这些用于加强安保的方法,这包括：采用新型的可以编译来访者"黑名单”的软件、在机场安装全方位监控摄像头.

替换表达：stepup/increase/strengthensecurity

3-allay

词典释义：allay[ə'leɪ]

formal

verb

transitive

■Ifyouallayastrongemotionfeltbysomeone,suchas

fearorworry,youcausethemtofeelitlessortofeelcalmagain

减轻,缓解(担忧、恐惧等)•Thegovernmentistryingto

allay

public

fears/concern

aboutthespreadofthedisease.政府正努力消除公众对疾病蔓延的恐惧／担心.

外刊例句：TheEPAisnowconductingthebiggeststudy

everintoallaspectsofshaleexploration,likelytobepublishednextyear,

whichmighthelp

allay

public

fears.()环境保护局正对页岩开采组织一场前所未有的大规模调查,而这份调查很可能将在下一年发布,或许可以缓解公众对页岩开采的担忧.

替换表达：alleviate/assuagepublicfears4.在反腐运动期间,很多高官最终锒铛入狱,但政府在根治腐败这方面还有很长的路要走.Duringtheanti-corruptioncampaignmany

high-levelofficials

(1.高官)endedupbehindbars(2.最终锒铛入狱),yetthereisstillalongwaytogobeforethegovernment

eradicatescorruption(3.根治腐败).

1-high-levelofficialsofficer和official在指"n-高级官员”时,在含义上是相同的.但是,到底用哪个词,就是习惯的问题了.officer多用于军队、海关、警察,例如anavalofficer;official多用于政府、行政,例如senioradministrationofficials.

词典释义：high-level

adjectiveonlybeforenoun

1.inapowerfulpositionorjob,orinvolvingpeoplewhoareinpowerful

positionsorjobs高层的,由高层人士进行(组成)的：•high-level

executives高层管理人员high-levelmeetings/talks/negotiationsetc.•ahigh-level

conferenceonarmscontrol关于军备控制的高层会议

official[ə'fɪʃ.əl]

noun

countable

ESSENTIAL

■apersonwhohasa

positionofresponsibilityinanorganization

官员;要员;高级职员

•agovernment/trade-union/council

official政府官员／工会要员／市政会官员

外刊例句：Expertsraiseconcernsoverwhethertheright

peoplehavebeentargetedintheleadcontaminationcaseas

high-levelofficials

remainuntouched.

()专家担忧,(政府)在铅污染案件中没有针对到真正的罪魁祸首,因为高官都仍安然无恙.

替换表达：high-ranking/top/seniorofficials,dignitaries

2-endupbehindbars

词典释义：endup1.PHRASAL

VERB

短语动词

(通常指意外地)最终到达

Ifsomeoneorsomething

endsup

somewhere,

theyeventuallyarrivethere,usuallybyaccident.•Theresultwasthattheengineendedupatthebottomofthe

canal...结果引擎最终沉到了运河底.•Shefledwithherchildren,movingfromneighbourto

neighbourandendingupinafriend'scellar.她带着孩子逃亡,从一个邻居家跑到另一个邻居家,最后逃到了一个朋友的地下室.2.PHRASAL

VERB

短语动词

最终;结果;到头来

Ifyou

endup

doing

somethingor

endup

inaparticularstate,youdothatthingorgetintothatstate

eventhoughyoudidnotoriginallyintendto.•Ifyoudon'tknowwhatyouwant,youmight

endup

gettingsomethingyoudon'twant...如果你不知道自己想要什么,到头来你可能得非所愿.•Everytimetheywentdancingtheyendedupinabad

mood...每次他们去跳舞,都会不欢而散.•Shecouldhaveendedupamillionairess.她本可以成为百万富婆的.

behindbars

phrase