（高考英语作文炼句）第3篇译文老师笔记

PAGEPAGE11.人文教育可以丰富学生的生活,为他们提供看待社会运转方式的不同视角.Liberalartseducation

(1.人文教育)can

enrichstudents'life

(2.丰富学生的生活)andprovidethemwith

differentperspectiveson

(3.对……不同的视角)theway

societyworks(4.社会运转).

1-liberalarts是指大学里的文科,包括历史、语言和文学等,与之相对应的是sciences(理科).

liberalartsmainlyUS

pluralnoun

■collegeoruniversitysubjectssuchashistory,

languagesandliterature

(大学的)文科外刊例句：外刊例句：That’sanattitudethatmightseematoddswith

theUK’sincreasinglyexam-drivenhighereducation.Butasthesector’s

offeringsbecomemorediverse,itseemslikelythat

a

liberalartseducation

will

becomeanoptionforstudentsoutsidetheUS.(TheGuardian)Historianstryto

correctthisbias

bytellingus

aboutthemassesofordinaryRomans,butrarelydowehaveworkswrittenby

oraboutthesepeople.(TheGuardian)注意："人文教育”不能写成literatureeducation或者culturaleducation,此外,liberaleducation是指"通识教育”,它与"人文教育”有所区别.

2-

enrich

somebody’slife是一个常见搭配,含义是"丰富某人的生活”

enrich[ɪn'rɪtʃ]

verb

提高

transitive

toimprovethequalityofsomethingbyadding

somethingelse

使丰富,使富含;充实•Fertilizerhelpsto

enrich

thesoil.化肥可以提高土壤肥沃度.•Mylifewasgreatly

enriched

byknowingher.认识了她,让我的生活变得非常充实.

外刊例句：

Then,in1948,sheencounteredthefirst

ofthreesignificantrelationshipswithmenthatwereto

enrichherlife,aswellasgiveheremotionalpain.(The

Guardian)

注意："丰富学生的生活”不能写成richstudents’life或者fulfillstudents’life,rich是形容词,不能当动词用,fulfill含义是"实现,履行(梦想、希望等)”,没有fulfill

students’life这样的说法.

3-

perspective含义是"(思考问题的)角度,观点,想法”,后面常跟介词on

perspectiveUK

[pə'spek.tɪv]

US

[pɚ'spek-]

noun

想法

countable

aparticularwayofconsideringsomething

(思考问题的)角度,观点,想法•Hewrites

from

aMarxist

perspective.他从一个马克思主义者的角度写作.•Becauseofitsgeographicalposition,

Germany's

perspective

on

thesituationinEasternEurope

isratherdifferentfromBritain's.由于地理位置不同,德国对东欧局势的看法与英国大相迳庭.

外刊例句：

TwonewbooksapproachBritishhistorybyoffering

differentperspectiveson

the

questionofbelongingandcontinuity.(TheGuardian)

注意：不要将perspective与prospect(可能性,机会)相混淆.

4-

work在这里的含义是"运转,运行;操作”

Ifamachineordeviceworks,itoperates,

especiallycorrectlyandwithoutfailure,andifyouworkit,youmakeit

operate

运转,运行;操作•Ourtelephoneisn't

working.我们的电话坏了.•Youneedateamofabouttwelvepeopleto

work

afurnacethissize.这样大小的熔炉需要大约12个人来维持其运行.

外刊例句：

They’vetalked

aboutusingAItodistinguishbetweenconstructiveandunconstructive

comments;onepossibilityisthatbytweakingthecodeinthings,youcan

haveaseachangein

thewaysociety

works.(TheGuardian)

可供替换的表达：the

waysocietyfunctions

注意："社会运转”不能写成societyruns,因为当run取"运转”含义时是及物动词,我们可以说Herunsacompany.但不能说Thecompanyruns.

Q：provide后接双宾语是否要接with?

A：provide后接双宾语需要接with,我们要说providesomebodywithsomething,而不能说providesomebodysomething,关于这一点可以查看朗文词典provide这一词条的说明.

Q：enrichstudents'life

：我用的life的复数形式,这里不太清楚为什么使用单数形式.经查询,以下情况作可数名词：表示某种方式的生活、性命、一生、一辈子、生平、传记等.

以下情况作不可数名词：表示一般意义的生活”、泛指意义或抽象意义的生命、人生、生气、活动等.这里为什么使用单数呢?

A：enrichstudents’life和enrichstudents’lives所代表的含义不同,enrich

students’life是将这些学生的生活当成一个整体来看待,enrichstudents’lives

则是指不同学生不同的生活.这里使用enrichstudents’life会更加恰当.关于life与lives的区别可以参考这个帖子https：///questions/77176/when-to-use-lives-as-a-plural-of-life

2.大学生以其忙碌的日常安排而出名.除了完成作业以及应对考试之外,他们还要兼顾课外活动以及兼职工作.Universitystudentshave

notoriously

(1.以……而出名)busyschedules(2.忙碌的日常安排).

Inadditionto

(3.除了)workingonassignmentsandpreparingforexams,theyalsohaveto

juggle

(4.兼顾)extracurricularactivitiesandpart-timejobs.

1-notorious一般用于形容某事臭名昭著,它的副词形式notoriously可以用于指某事物因为规模、难度等巨大而出名,此时它是一个中性词.举个例子,新概念英语3里面就有一个句子：Predictingthefutureis

notoriously

difficult.柯林斯词典上还有更多例句：Thetraincompanyisoverstaffedandnotoriously

inefficient.铁路公司冗员过多,工作效率出了名地低.

HeworkedmainlyinNewYorkCitywhere

livingspaceisnotoriouslyatapremium.他主要在纽约市工作,那儿的住房出了名地昂贵.

Doctorsnotoriouslyneglecttheirown

healthandfailtoseekhelpwhentheyshould.众所周知,医生不注意自身的健康,而且在应该求助时也不这么做.

外刊例句：NewYear’sresolutionsare

notoriouslydifficult

tostickto,sowhydowestilltakeupnew

activitieseachyearonlytodropthemafteronlyafewweeks?(TheGuardian)可供替换的表达：berenownedfor/

befamousfor

2-

abusyschedule是指"繁忙的日常安排”,也可以说a

fullschedule,如果要进一步强调繁忙的程度,可以说

ahectic/tightschedule

scheduleUK

['ʃed.ju：l]

US

['sked-]

noun

countable

alistofplannedactivitiesorthingstobedone

showingthetimesordateswhentheyareintendedtohappenorbedone

计划表;日程表;进度表;时刻表•aproduction

schedule生产进度表•ahectic/tight(=verybusy)

schedule

忙乱的／紧张忙碌的排程•Everythingwent

accordingto

schedule

(=asplanned).一切按照排程进行.

外刊例句：

Widelyrecognisedasoneofthemost

innovativemusiciansworkingtoday,MsAlsophas

abusyschedule.

可供替换的表达：haveabusyagenda

3-

inadditionto的含义是"除了……之外还有”

in

addition(to)

*aswell(as)

•In

addition

tohisflatin

London,hehasavillainItalyandacastleinScotland.除了在伦敦拥有一层公寓外,他在义大利还有一座乡间别墅,在苏格兰有一座城堡.

外刊例句：

In

additionto

itspolarisedCongress,Americahasa

polarisedSupremeCourt.(TheEconomist)

可供替换的表达还有：apartfrom/asidefrom

注意：这里不能使用besides

besidesoralso?

Warning：

choose

thecorrectadverb!

Use

besides

atthe

beginningofaclausetoaddafactorreasonthatisstrongerthanwhatyou

havealreadysaidI'mtootiredtogotothesupermarket.Besides,it's

closedonSunday.Tojustaddextrainformation,don'tsay'besides'say

in

addition

or

also：

✗

IspeakFrenchfluently.Besides,Ispeak

someItalian.

IspeakFrench

fluently.Also,IspeaksomeItalian.

4-

juggle是一个很好用的词,它本义是指"玩杂耍(连续向空中抛接多个物体)”,引申义是"同时兼顾多种活动”.juggle

transitive

informal

■tosucceedinarrangingyourlifesothatyouhave

timetoinvolveyourselfintwoormoredifferentactivitiesorgroupsof

people

尽力同时应付(两种或两种以上不同的活动或人)•Manyparentsfindithardto

juggle

childrenandacareer.许多父母发现一边照顾孩子一边忙事业很难应付.

外刊例句：

Theinterviewers

aretryingto

juggle

theirday

jobs

with

theirrecruitingduties：

theyseldomspendmorethanaminuteorsoreviewingeachapplicationform.

(TheEconomist)

注意：这里不可以使用balance,balance是指同等重视相对的两个事物或方面,比如：Shetriesto

balancehomelifeandcareer.

她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业.而原句子提到的活动已经超过了两个,因此应该用juggle.

3.教育的作用不只在于传授知识,更在于培养学生的批判性思维以及为他们未来的职业发展做准备.

Thefunctionofeducationis

notjustabout

(1.不仅仅在于)impartingknowledge(2.传授知识),butmoreabout

developingstudents’

criticalthinking(3.批判性思维)and

preparingthemfor(4.帮助某人做好准备)their

futurecareerdevelopment(5.未来职业发展).

1-notjustabout…butmoreabout…是一个常用的句式,它的含义是"不仅仅在于……还在于……”

外刊例句：

Europeansworryalotaboutwage

competition.Theresearchersnotethatglobalisationis

notjustabout

wages,

but

morebroadlyabout

findingefficienciesanywherealongcomplexsupply

chains.(TheEconomist)

2-impartknowledge是一个常见搭配,含义是"传授知识”.

柯林斯词典例句：

Theabilityto

impartknowledge

andcommandrespectistheessential

qualificationforteachers.具备传授知识并赢得尊敬的能力是对教师的基本要求.

Iamaboutto

impartknowledge

toyouthatyouwillneverforget.我会向你传授让你终生牢记的知识.

外刊例句：Everheardofbehaviourforlearning?

Mostoften,allthatseemstomeanisthatstudentsarebeingquietand

respectfulsothattheteacherisfreeto

impartknowledge

insteadoftryingtomakethemshutupand

listen.(TheGuardian)

注意："传授知识”不能写成deliverknowledge,deliver的意思是"运送,投递”,不能修饰knowledge.

3-

criticalthinking(批判性思维)是一个专有名词,它是指为了得到肯定的判断所进行的清晰、理性的思考方式.关于批判性思维的更多介绍可以参考https：///wiki/Critical_thinking

外刊例句：Agenuinesex

educationshouldtakethebio-psychological,emotionalandsocialaspectsof

sexualityintoaccount,shouldallowchildrentounderstanddifferences

betweenthesexes,interpersonalrelationships,theimportanceofdeveloping

criticalthinking,anopenmindand

respectfortheother.(TheGuardian)

注意：critical

thinking是一个专有名词,不能写成criticthinking

4-

preparesomebodyforsomething含义是"使某人做好准备”

[intransitive/transitive]

tomakeyourselforsomeoneelsereadyandabletodealwitha

futureevent

prepare(yourself)forsomething：

Ithinkyoushouldprepareyourselfforashock.

preparesomeoneforsomething：

Thiscoursepreparesgraduatesformanagementcareersinthe

touristindustry.prepare(yourself)todosomething：

Sheknockedtwiceonthedoorandpreparedherselftomeether

newson-in-law.

preparesomeonetodosomething：

Weaimtocoveryourbasicmilitarytrainingandprepareyou

tojointheNavyteam.

外刊例句：Inoursurvey,

nearly70%ofemployersblamedinadequatetrainingfortheshortfallin

skilledworkers,yet70%ofeducationprovidersbelievetheysuitably

prepare

graduates

for

thejobsmarket.(TheEconomist)

5-futurecareer

development,未来职业发展

外刊例句：Mythirdtop

suggestionfornewlymintedgraduatesisthefollowing：whereyougotowork

willbefarmoreimportanttoyour

future

careerdevelopment

thanthedollaramountyoumakeduringthosefirstfew

yearsoutofcollege.(Forbes)

4.一般来说,大学生已经被社会视为成年人,那么在体育锻炼方面,他们应当享有相应的决策自主权.Ingeneral,universitystudents

aretreatedas

(1.被视为……)adultsbysocietyandshouldbegivena

corresponding

(2.相应的)levelof

decision-makingautonomy(3.决策自主权)withrespectto

(4.在……方面)physicalactivity.

1-treatsomebodyas

something把某人当成……来看待,也可以说

treatsomebodylikesomething

treat

/

triːt

/

◙

verb

[VN]

››

BEHAVETOWARDSSB/STH

对待

1.

~sb/sth(with/as/likesth)

tobehaveinaparticularway

towardssb/sth

•

以…态度对待;以…方式对待：

»to

treatpeoplewithrespect/

consideration/suspicion,etc.

对人尊敬、体谅、怀疑等

»Treatyourkeyboardwithcareandit

shouldlastforyears.

小心使用你的键盘,这样就可以使用很多年.

»Myparentsstilltreatmelikeachild.

我父母仍然把我当成孩子.

»Hewastreatedasaheroonhisrelease

fromprison.

他获释出狱时被当成英雄看待.

外刊例句：

Unlikethoseaged16orbelow,17-year-oldstakenintocustodyare

treatedasadults

andnotentitledto

thesupportofaparentorsomeoneknownasan"appropriateadult".

(TheGuardian)

可供替换的表达：beregardedas

2-

corresponding

是一个在话题写作中经常会用到的单词,它的含义是"相应的,对等的”,这个单词的意思比较微妙,可以通过多读例句掌握它的用法：

correspondingUK

[ˌkɒr.ɪ'spɒn.dɪŋ]

US

[ˌkɔ：r.ɪ'spɑ：n-]

adjective

similar,orresultingfromsomethingelse

相似的;相应的;对等的•Companylosseswere50percentworsethan

inthe

corresponding

periodlastyear.与去年同期相比,公司亏损增加了50%.•Asthecoursebecomesmoredifficult,

there'susuallya

corresponding

dropinattendance.随着课程逐渐变难,来上课的人也越来越少了.

外刊例句：

Twelvemonthsonfromthelastelection,

supportformarriageequalityremainsat63%withthoseopposedat25%

comparedwithJuly2016,whenthe

corresponding

figureswere58%and28%.(TheGuardian)

3-

autonomy是指"自主权”,decision-making

autonomy(决策自主权)是一个常用说法.

au∙ton∙omy

/

ɔːˈtɔnəmi;

NAmE

ɔːˈtɑːn-

/

◙

noun

[U]

1.thefreedomforacountry,aregionoranorganizationtogovernitself

independently

•

自治;自治权

【SYN】

independence

：

»aca