考点3　定语从句课件2025年中考英语语法专题探究（广西）

考点精讲试题精练考点3定语从句考点精讲在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的句子称为定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，引导定语从句的词叫作关系词。定语从句的关系词主要分为关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose等)和关系副词(when,where,why等)。课标要求能辨认出由关系代词that,which,who引导的限定性定语从句，并能理解句意。1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词指代/修饰对象在从句中所作成分例子that指人或物主语或宾语Doyouknowthegirlthatoftencomeshere?你认识经常来这里的那个女孩吗？(指人thegirl，作主语)关系代词指代/修饰对象在从句中所作成分例子which指物主语或宾语Mybrotherlikesthebookswhich/thatwerewrittenbyMarkTwain.我弟弟喜欢马克·吐温写的书。(指物thebooks，作主语)It’sanicegift(which/that)youboughtforme.你给我买的礼物很好。(指物gift，作bought的宾语)关系代词指代/修饰对象在从句中所作成分例子who指人主语或宾语Thepeople(who/that)calledyesterdaywanttobuythehouse.昨天打电话来的人想买这座房子。(指人thepeople，作主语)关系代词指代/修饰对象在从句中所作成分例子whom指人宾语Heistheman(whom/who/that)Iadmireverymuch.他是我非常钦佩的人。(指人theman，作admire的宾语)whose修饰人或物定语Thisismyroomwhosedoorisred.这个房间是我的，它的门是红色的。(修饰物myroom，作door的定语)【注意】关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时常常可以省略。2.关系代词的特殊情况

用法情况例子只用that并列的两个先行词分别表示人和物时Shetookphotosofthepeopleandthingsthatshewasinterestedin.她为她感兴趣的人和物拍了照。先行词(指物)是something,anything,nothing,everything,all,little,few,much,none等不定代词时Ididnotdoanythingthatmighthurtyou.我没有做过任何可能会伤害你的事情。Thereismuchthatwedon’tknow.还有很多事情是我们不知道的。用法情况例子只用that先行词指物且被theonly,thevery,theone,thelast等修饰时Thisistheonlythingthatyoucandonow.这是现在你唯一能做的事情。先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时IthinkDaliisthemostbeautifulcitythatIhaveeverbeento.我认为大理是我去过的最漂亮的城市。用法情况例子只用which在由“介词＋关系代词(不可省略)”引导的定语从句中，先行词指物且关系代词作宾语时ThisisthecarforwhichMissLiupaidahighprice.这是刘女士花大价钱买的车。先行词是that,those且指物时Hediscoveredthatwhichnooneelsehadnoticed.他发现了其他人都没有注意到的事情。用法情况例子只用who先行词(指人)是one,ones,someone,anyone,everyone等不定代词时—Doyouknowtheboyoverthere?你认识那边那个男孩儿吗？—Theonewhoisholdingaball?Oh,that’smyneighborPhil.那个拿着球的男孩？哦，他是我的邻居，菲尔。主句是therebe句型且先行词指人时Thereisastudentoutsidewhowantstoseeyou.外面有个学生想见你。用法情况例子只用whom在由“介词＋关系代词(不可省略)”引导的定语从句中，先行词指人且关系代词作宾语时ThepersonwithwhomyoujusttalkedisMichael.刚刚和你谈话的人是迈克尔。试题精练单项选择常考点1.(2024临夏州改编)Atruefriendisaperson________canhelpyouwhenyouareintrouble.A．who B．whom

C．which2.(2024牡丹江改编)Thedanceisaneye-catchingdanceperformance________isquitepopularthesedays.A．who B．which

C．whose3.(2024乐山改编)—I’llneverforgettheexperiences________wehadinthevolunteerworklastsummer.—Metoo.The3-dayvolunteerworkwasmeaningfulandfulloffun.A．when B．who

C．that4.(2024遂宁改编)—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulikebest?—Ilikethemovies________makemefeelhappyandrelaxed.A．who B．which

C．where5.Don’ttalkaboutyourpersonalinformationwithpeople________youdon’tknow.A．whose B．whom

C．which6.(2024绥化)—Ifeelsonervous.WhatshouldIdo?—You’dbetterlistentomusicthat________．A．helpsyourelaxB．youcandanceC．makesyousad易错点7.Beingblindissomething________mostpeoplecan’tima