机电设备定期点检 Regular Spot Check o

设备管理与维修预防EquipmentManagementandPreventiveMaintenance机电设备定期点检RegularSpotCheckofElectromechanicalEquipment柳州职业技术学院/机电工程学院LiuzhouVocationalandTechnicalCollege/SchoolofMechanicalandElectricalEngineering课程导入CourseIntroduction设备是不会说话的婴儿，婴儿:会动，会哭，会撒娇，

Equipmentislikenon-verbalbabies:Theycanmove,cry,andcoo,设备:振动、噪音、泄漏来抗议、来引起我们的关注；

Equipment:Makevibration,noise,andleakagetoprotestandattractourattention;人们总是希望：又要马儿跑，又要马儿少吃草！

Itisalwayshopedthathorsesrunfastwhileeatinglessgrass!该页为二维动画Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation目录Contents学习

内容LearningContents一

/I.机电设备定期点检定义DefinitionofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment二

/II.机电设备定期点检目的PurposeofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment三

/III.机电设备定期点检方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment四

/IV机电设备定期点检内容ContentofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment五

/V.数控机床定期点检作业RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools一、设备定期点检的定义I.DefinitionofRegularSpotCheckforEquipment设备定期点检的定义DefinitionofRegularSpotCheckforEquipment设备通过人的五感或者借助工具、仪器，按照预先设定的周期和方法，对设备上的规定部位（点）进行有无异常的预防性周密检查的过程。

Itreferstotheprocessinvolvingpreventiveandthoroughinspectionsofspecifiedareas(points)onequipment

forabnormalities,usinghumanfivesensesortoolsandinstruments,followingpredeterminedcyclesandmethods.种类Type检查方法Inspectionmethod设备对象Equipmentobject责任人Responsibleperson周期Cycle检查内容InspectionContents定期点检Regularspotcheck无需解体，凭五官及简单仪器进行检查Nodisassemblyisrequired,andtheexaminationshallbecarriedoutwithhumansenseandsimpleinstruments产品主作业生产线Mainoperationproductionlineofproducts专职点检员Dedicatedinspector按维护保养计划而定，通常为0.5天-1天Itisdeterminedaccordingtothemaintenanceschedule,usuallyrangingfrom0.5daysto1day设备运行前检查振动、温升、磨损、异响、松动、漏水、气、油、润滑状态等Checkthevibration,temperaturerise,wear,abnormalsound,looseness,waterleakage,air,oil,andlubricationstatusbeforeequipmentoperation局部解体或循环维修的方法，或用仪器、仪表测试等方法Methodsofpartialdisassemblyorcyclicmaintenance,ortheuseofinstrumentsandtestingmethods单台设备或产品主作业生产线Mainoperationproductionlineofsingleequipmentorproduct专职点检员Dedicatedinspector按设备维护保养计划定，通常为1天-1周Itisdeterminedaccordingtothemaintenancescheduleofequipment,usuallyrangingfrom1dayto1week传动机构、进给机构、润滑系统、冷却系统等检查、清扫、紧固、调整Check,clean,fasten,andadjustthedrivingmechanism,feedingmechanism,lubricationsystem,andcoolingsystem视觉Visual听觉Hearing嗅觉Smell触觉Tactile味觉Taste看Look听Listen闻Smell摸Touch尝Taste二、机电设备定期点检目的II.PurposeofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment机电设备定期点检目的机电设备定期点检目的通过定期点检准确掌握设备状况，提前维持和改善设备工作性能，预防事故发生，减少停机时间，延长设备寿命，降低维修费用，保证正常生产

Accuratelyassesstheconditionofequipmentthroughregularinspections,proactivelymaintainandimproveoperationalperformance,preventaccidents,reducedowntime,extendequipmentlifespan,lowermaintenancecosts,andensureuninterruptedproduction.接线端接触不良Poorcontactofterminals皮带破损Beltdamage三、机电设备定期点检方法III.MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment机电设备定期点检方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment该页为二维动画Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation机电设备定期点检方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment该页为二维动画Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation详细设定设备应检查的部位、项目及内容，做到有目的、有方向地实施点检作业。Thedetailedconfigurationspecifiesthelocations,items,andcontentthatshouldbeinspected,ensuringthatthespotcheckiscarriedoutpurposefullyanddirectionally.1定点：Fixedpoint:机电设备定期点检方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment该页为二维动画Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation即制订标准，作为衡量和判别检查部位是否正常的依据。Itestablishesstandardsasthebasisformeasuringanddeterminingwhetherinspectionsitesfunctioningnormally.2定标：Fixedstandard:实拍机电设备定期点检方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment该页为二维动画Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation对检查项目制订明确的检查方法，即采用“五官”判别，或是借助于简单的工具、仪器进行判别。Theformulationofspecificinspectionmethodsforinspectionitemsusesthe'fivesenses'judgmentorreliesonsimpletoolsandinstrumentsforjudgment.3定法：Fixedmethod:红外测温仪Infraredthermometer钳形电流表Clip-onammeter机电设备定期点检方法MethodofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment该页为二维动画Thispageisfortwo-dimensionalanimation制订点检周期，按设备重要程度、检查部位是否重点等。Establishthepointcheckcyclebasedontheimportanceofequipmentandwhethertheinspectionpointsarecritical.4定期：Fixedperiod:制订点检项目的实施人员（生产、点检、专业技术人员等）。Thepersonnelresponsibleforimplementinginspectionprojects(productionstaff,inspectionpersonnel,andprofessionalswithtechnicalexpertise).5定人：Fixedpeople:四、机电设备定期点检内容IV.ContentofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment机电设备定期点检内容ContentofRegularSpotCheckforElectromechanicalEquipment紧固Fastening清洁Cleaning加油Refueling加油Refueling五、数控机床定期点检作业V.RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools数控机床定期点检作业RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools（一）定期点检的目的和作用(I)Thepurposeandfunctionofregularspotchecks延长平均无故障时间，增加机床的开动率；

Extendtheaveragetimebetweenfaultsandincreasethemachinetooloperationrate;便于及早发现故障隐患，避免停机损失；

Facilitatesearlydetectionoffaultsandriskstoavoiddowntimelosses;期保持数控设备的加工精度。

MaintainthemachiningprecisionofCNCequipmentoverthelongterm.例如Forexample定期检查、调整丝杠螺母副的轴向间隙。Regularlyinspectandadjusttheaxialclearanceofthescrewandnutassembly.主轴Spindle冷却风管Coolingairduct滚珠丝杠内部结构BallscrewInternalstructure数控机床定期点检作业RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools1.定点1.Fixedpoint确定维护点Determinethemaintenancepoints2.定标2.Fixedstandard对维护点制订标准Establishstandardsformaintenancepoints3.定期3.Fixedperiod定出检查周期Determinetheinspectionperiod4.定项4.Fixeditem明确检查项目Specifytheinspectionitems5.定人5.Fixedpeople落实到人Assignedtospecificpersonnel6.定法6.Fixedmethod检查方法Inspectionmethod7.检查7.Inspection检查步骤Inspectionsteps8.记录8.Record详细做记录内容与时间Recordcontentandtimeindetail9.处理9.Treatment能处理的则做处理Treatthosethatcanbetreated10.分析10.Analysis分析找出薄弱环节Analyzeandidentifyweaklinks时长不足的情况下可以考虑做成二维动画Two-dimensionalanimationcanbeconsideredincaseofinsufficientduration（二）定期点检的内容(II)Contentsofregularspotcheck数控机床定期点检作业RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools1.日常点检1.Dailyspotcheck机床的一般部位进行点检。Performspotchecksonthegeneralpartsofthemachinetool.2.专职点检2.Full-timespotcheck机床的关键部位和重要部位进行点检。Performspotchecksonkeyandvitalcomponentsofthemachinetool.3.生产点检3.Manufacturingspotcheck对生产运行中的数控机床进行点检。PerformspotchecksonCNCmachinetoolsduringproductionoperations.（三）定期点检的分类(III)Classificationofregularspotcheck（四）定期点检的优缺点(IV)Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofregularspotcheck可以把出现的故障和性能的劣化消灭在萌芽状态，防止过修或欠修。Itcaneliminatefaultsanddegradationatanearlystage,preventingover-maintenanceorunder-maintenance.优点Advantage定期点检工作量大Heavyworkloadofregularspotcheck缺点Disadvantage数控机床定期点检作业RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools（五）定期点检的项目(V)Regularspotcheckitems1.日检

1.Dailyinspection2.周检

2.Weeklyinspection3.月检

3.Monthlyinspection4.季检

4.Seasonalinspection1）液压系统

1)Hydraulicsystem2）主轴润滑系统

2)Spindlelubricationsystem3）导轨润滑系统

3)Guideraillubricationsystem4）冷却系统

4)Coolingsystem5）气压系统

5)Pneumaticsystem1）机床零件1)Machinetoolparts2）主轴润滑系统2)Spindlelubricationsystem3）机床零件清除铁屑3)Removescrapironfrommachinetoolparts4）进行外部杂物清扫4)Cleantheexternaldebris1）电源1)Power2）空气干燥器2)Airdryer1）机床床身1)Machinetoolbed2）液压系统2)Hydraulicsystem3）主轴润滑系统3)Spindlelubricationsystem数控机床定期点检作业RegularSpotCheckandMaintenanceofCNCMachineTools（五）定期点检的项目(V)Regularspotcheckitems5.年检5.Annualinspection6.不定期检查6.Casualinspection1）每半年1)Semi-annually滚珠丝杠：清洗旧润滑脂，涂上新的油脂Ballscrew:cleantheoldgreaseandapplynewgrease液压油路：清洗溢流阀、减压阀、滤油器及油箱箱底、更换或过滤液压油Hydraulicoilcircuit:Cleanthereliefvalve,pressure-reducingvalve,oilfilter,andtankbottom,andreplaceorfilterhydraulicoil2）每年2)Annually检查并更换直流伺服电机碳刷；InspectandreplacethecarbonbrushoftheDCservomotor;检查换向器表面，吹净碳粉，去毛刺Checkthesurfaceofthereversingswitch,blowoffcarbondust,anddeburr更换长度过短的电刷，跑合后使用润滑液压泵、滤油器清洗，清理池底，更换滤油器Replaceshort-lengthbrushes,cleanthehydraulicpumpandfilterwithlubricatingfluidafterrunningin,clearthepoolbottom,andreplacetheoilfilter1）检查各轴轨道上镶条、压紧滚轮松紧状态（按机床说明书调整）1)Checkthetightnessofinsertsoneachaxistrackandthestateofthetensioningrollers(adjustaccordingtothemachinetoolmanual)2）冷却水箱：检查液面高度，太脏、更换，清理水箱底部，经常清洗过滤器2)Coolingwatertank:Checktheliquidlevelandreplaceitifitistoodirty.Cleanthebottomofthewatertankandthefilterfrequently3）排屑器：经常清理铁屑、检查有无卡住3)Chipremover:Cleantheironfilingsfrequentlyandcheckwhetheritisstuck4）清理废油池：及时取油池中废油，以免外溢4)Cleaningofwasteoilpool:takethewasteoilfromtheoilpoolintimetoavoidoverflow5）调整主轴驱动带松紧：按机床