光源的选择与认知-Light source selecti

光源的选择与认知Lightsourceselectionandcognition闪光灯的作用是什么？Whatisthefunctionofaflash?现场补光、提高快门速度、增加景深、突出前景、降低反差、调整色温On-sitelightingsupplementation,increasingshutterspeed,increasingdepthoffield,highlightingtheforeground,reducingcontrast,andadjustingcolortemperature.1、光源的基础知识

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources光源直接影响到图像的质量，进而影响到系统的性能。Thelightsourcedirectlyaffectsthequalityoftheimage,whichinturnaffectstheperformanceofthesystem.使用光源的目的是什么？Whatisthepurposeofusingalightsource?目的是：获得对比鲜明的图像。图像质量的好坏，也就是看图像边缘是否锐利，具体来说：Thepurposeistoobtainanimagewithaclearcontrast.Thequalityoftheimageisdeterminedbywhethertheedgesaresharp,specifically:①

将感兴趣部分和其他部分的灰度值差异加大Increasethedifferenceingrayscalevaluesbetweentheareaofinterestandotherparts②尽量消除不感兴趣的部分Minimizetheuninterestedpartsasmuchaspossible③提高信噪比，利于图像处理Improvethesignal-to-noiseratio,whichisbeneficialforimageprocessing.④减少因材质、照射角度对成像的影响Reducetheimpactonimagingduetomaterialpropertiesandilluminationangles.1、光源的基础知识

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources机器视觉常用的光源种类有：高频荧光灯、光纤卤素灯、LED灯、氙灯等。Commontypesoflightsourcesusedinmachinevisioninclude:high-frequencyfluorescentlamps,fiber-optichalogenlamps,LEDlights,andxenonlamps,etc.高频荧光灯high-frequencyfluorescentlamps光线卤素灯fiber-optichalogenlampsLED灯LEDlights1、光源的基础知识

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources不同类型光源的区别

Differencesamongvarioustypesoflightsourcesfiber-optichalogenlampsLEDlightsfluorescentlampsxenonlampsxenonlampshalogenlampsLEDlightsfluorescentlamps1、光源的基础知识

BasicKnowledgeofLightSourcesLED灯的优点：寿命长，成本低，外形尺寸设计灵活，颜色光谱可按需选择，响应迅速适合频闪等优点已经成为机器视觉系统中广泛采用的主流照明光源。TheadvantagesofLEDlights:longlifespan,lowcost,flexibledesigninsizeandshape,colorspectrumcanbechosenasneeded,andrapidresponsesuitableforstroboscopiclightinghavemadethemwidelyadoptedasthemainstreamlightsourceinmachinevisionsystems.可制成各种形状、尺寸及各种照射角度；

Canbemadeintovariousshapes,sizes,andilluminationangles;可根据需要制成各种颜色，并可随时调节亮度；

Canbemanufacturedinvariouscolorsasneeded,andbrightnesscanbeadjustedatanytime;散热效果更好，光亮度更稳定；

Betterheatdissipation,resultinginmorestablebrightness;可根据客户的需要，进行特殊设计；

Canbespeciallydesignedaccordingtocustomerrequirements;运行成本低、寿命长的LED，会在综合成本和性能方面体现出更大的优势。

ThelowoperatingcostandlonglifespanofLEDswilldemonstrategreateradvantagesintermsofoverallcostandperformance.1、光源的基础知识

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources提供不同照射角度、不同颜色组合Providesvariousilluminationanglesandcolorcombinations;突出物体的三维信息Highlightsthethree-dimensionalinformationofobjects;解决对角照射阴影问题Solvestheshadowproblemscausedbydiagonalillumination;可选配漫射板导光，光线均匀扩散Anoptionaldiffuserplatecanbeusedtoevenlydiffusethelight.环形光源

RingLightSource：1、光源的基础知识

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources可以从任何角度提供配合物体的斜射照明Canprovideobliqueilluminationforobjectsfromanyangle;常用于较大被检测物体的表面照明Commonlyusedforsurfacelightingoflargerobjectstobeinspected;照射角度与安装位置随意可调Illuminationangleandinstallationpositionareadjustableatwill;在条形结构中具有高亮度的分布Featureshighbrightnessdistributioninabarstructure;可选配漫射板导光，光线均匀扩散Anoptionaldiffuserplatecanbeusedtoevenlydiffusethelight.条形光源

BarLightSource：1、光源的基础知识

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources背光光源BacklightSource：大面积均匀发光；Providesuniformilluminationoveralargearea;用高密度LED阵列面提供高强度的背光照明；Offershigh-intensitybacklightingwithahigh-densityLEDarray;能充分突出被测物的外形轮廓特征。Effectivelyhighlightsthecontourfeaturesoftheobjectbeingmeasured.1、光源的基础知识

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources2、照明技术

IlluminationTechnology照射光的种类

TypesofIlluminationLight：平行光ParallelLight照射角度整齐的光。太阳光就是平行光。发光角度越窄的LED直射光越接近平行光。Lightwithauniformangleofincidence.Sunlightisanexampleofparallellight.ThenarrowertheemissionangleofanLED'sdirectlight,thecloseritistoparallellight.直射光DirectLightLED光源直接照射对像物的光。LightfromtheLEDsourcethatisdirectlyprojectedontotheobject.散射光DiffuseLight各种角度的光源混合在一起的光。日常生活用光几乎都是扩散光。Lightthatisamixtureoflightsourcesfromvariousangles.Almostalllightingusedindailylifeisdiffuselight.偏光光光源的传递方向在特定的垂直平面上波动受到限制的光。通常是利用偏光板来防止特定方向的反射。PolarizedLight:Lightwhosetransmissiondirectionhasrestrictedoscillationwithinaspecificverticalplane.Polarizingfiltersaretypicallyusedtopreventreflectionsfromaspecificdirection.直射光：明亮、射角窄，会有光点DirectLight:Bright,withanarrowbeamangle,resultinginlightspots散射光：较暗、射角宽、无光点光斑均匀DiffuseLight:Dimmer,withawidebeamangle,nolightspots,andevenlightdistribution直射光和散射光

DirectLightandDiffuseLight2、照明技术

IlluminationTechnology明视野和暗视野：光源经由物体，而反射/折射进入相机，而形成的图像，主要为明场图像和暗场图像。Bright-fieldandDark-field:Thelightsourcepassesthroughtheobjectandisreflected/refractedintothecamera,formingimagesthatareprimarilybright-fieldanddark-fieldimages.bright-fielddark-field2、照明技术

IlluminationTechnology颜色的应用

ApplicationofColor：Bluereflection,withallothercolorsbeingabsorbed.white2、照明技术

IlluminationTechnology滤光技术

FilteringTechnology滤光镜FilterLensWithoutfilteringoutstraylightFilteringoutstraylight2、照明技术

IlluminationTechnology偏光技术

PolarizationTechnologyWithoutpolarizationtechnologyUs