2025届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题强化练十词句猜测题-词义猜测类

专题强化练(十)词句揣测题——词义揣测类A(2024·石家庄高三质检(二))Everyholidayseason，PatriciaGallagherfillshercarwithstuffedanimalsanddrivesaroundPhiladelphia.Shegivesthemnottokidsbuttoseniors.Patricia'sholidaytraditionstartedin2009.“IjustgotthisideaofcallingtwonursinghomesatrandomandaskingifIcouldcomeandreadbooksonNewYear'sday，”shesaid.Shebroughtsomeofherkids'stuffedanimalsfortheseniorstoholdwhilesheread.“ButwhenIwenttogatherthemandtakethembacktogotothenextnursinghome，nobodywantedtogiveuptheirstuffedanimals，”sheadded.Itwasthenandtherethatsherealizedthepowerofasimpleholidaygift.Patriciawantedtocontinuehertraditionofgiving，sosheputanadonline，askingforgentlyusedstuffedanimals.Inherfirsttwoyearsofcollecting，shereceivedmorethan11，000donatedstuffedanimals.Shesaidsometimeslocalschoolswouldholdstuffedanimalcollectionsonherbehalf，orachildwhooutgrewtheirtoyswoulddonate.Afterreceivingtoomany，Patriciastartedcappinghowmanyshewouldcollectatatime，andsaidshecouldonlytakeinabout250stuffedanimalseachweekduringtheholidayseason.Then，shetookthemtonursinghomes.“Theelderlywantstuffedanimalsnotonlyforcomfort，butalsobecausetheywereconversationstartersandremindedthemoftheirchildhood，”shesaid.Andsherecalledonemansaid，“Youknow，Ineverwantedtogotoschool.AndmyfathersaidifIwouldgothatday，hewouldtakemetotheBrooklynZoo.Andyouknowwhat？ThiswasthefirstanimalIsawthereanditlookedjustlikethisgiraffe.”Spreadingjoyisn'tjustaholidaypastimeforPatricia.Sheisalsoknownasthe“HappyFlowerLady”aroundPhiladelphia，becauseshecollectsoldflowersfromstoresandgivesthemtoanyonewhoneedsapick­me­up.“Whenyougive，youreallydogetmoreback，”Patriciasaid.“Everymorning，whetherit'stheflowersorthestuffedanimals，Ihaveapurpose.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。PatriciaGallagher收集毛绒玩具或者花，送给老人或者须要提神的人。1．WhydidPatriciagotothenursinghomesin2009?A．Tosendgiftstotheseniors.B．Toreadstoriestotheelderly.C．Togetoverherloneliness.D．Togetridofherkids'toys.解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段PatriciaGallagher的话“IjustgotthisideaofcallingtwonursinghomesatrandomandaskingifIcouldcomeandreadbooksonNewYear'sday”可知，PatriciaGallagher有了个办法，想随意给两家养老院打电话，问问她能不能在新年那天去给老人们读书。由此可知，2009年Patricia去养老院的目的是给老人们读书。答案：B2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“capping”inParagraph3mean?A．Limiting. B．Recording.C．Identifying. D．Doubling.解析：词句揣测题。依据第三段画线词后的内容“shecouldonlytakeinabout250stuffedanimalseachweekduringtheholidayseason”可知，在收到太多毛绒玩具后，Patricia起先限制每次收集的毛绒玩具的数量。故画线词的意思是“限制”，与A项意义一样。答案：A3．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?A．Seniorslovegoodolddays.B．Cuteanimalshavehealingeffectsonseniors.C．Givingmakesseniorshappy.D．Stuffedanimalshavemorethanonefunction.解析：推理推断题。依据第四段中的“Theelderlywantstuffedanimalsnotonlyforcomfort，butalsobecausetheywereconversationstarters”可知，老年人想要毛绒玩具不仅是为了得到劝慰，而且还因为它们能成为闲聊的话题。由此可知，毛绒玩具有不止一种功能。答案：D4．WhatdoesPatriciathinkofhergivingexperiences?A．Rewarding. B．Entertaining.C．Timely. D．Tough.解析：观点看法题。依据最终一段Patricia说的话“Whenyougive，youreallydogetmoreback”可知，当付出的时候，真的会得到更多的回报。由此可知，Patricia认为她的捐赠经验是有意义的。故选A项。entertaining“好玩的”；timely“刚好的”；tough“艰难的”。答案：AB(2024·杭州市高三质检)ABritishwoman，Dr.Mantri，growingupinIndiastartedtonoticeherson，Dhruv，wasstrugglingwithsimplearithmeticwhenhewasinfifthgrade.Afternoticingthis，shestartedemployinganabacus(算盘)tohelphersonvisuallycomprehendmathematics.“Iwouldaskhimsomethinglike35minus13andhecouldn'tdoit，”saidDhruv'smumDr.Mantri.“Idecidedtochangethewayhelookedatnumbers，”shesaid.“Anabacusisatriedandtestedmethod，andtheEgyptiansusedthemforbuildingthepyramid.”Injustsixdayshestartedtoshowprogresswiththeabacusandwouldgoontobecomeawhizzkidwithnumbers，withevenhisclassmates'parentsreachingoutforhelp.Sheneverthoughtshewouldteachhersonusinganabacus，whichsheusedasachildinIndiaanditwasalwayshelpful.Withinsixdaysshestartedtonoticeadifferenceandseeresults.Sodramaticwastheturnaroundthatschoolstaffaskedhimtoperformwiththeabacusatanassembly，wheresomeparentsevencametoaskforadviceonusingitfortheirkids.ITspecialistDr.Mantrisaidthehumbleabacuscanbeusedforcalculationsintothetrillionsandkidsenjoylearningonitbecauseit'slikeagame.“Itbecomesaplayingtoolforyoungerchildren，foritfeelslikeagame.Ithinkthesuccesscomesbecausechildrencantouchandfeelanabacusandvisualizethem，”sheadded.Bytheageof12，Dhruvwasgivingonlinecybersecurityseminarsandisnowpursuingacareerindatascienceandanalytics.Dhruvhasnowlandedanapprenticeship(实习)ataninternationalfirm.Duringthefour­yearapprenticeship，hewillspendonedayaweekstudyingDataScienceandArtificialIntelligenceatGlasgowCaledonianUniversity.“HeissoconfidentnowandIamsoproud，”shesaid，withDhruvadding“Idon'tthinkmyteacherswouldhaveguessedthatIwouldbefollowingacareerindatascienceatthattime.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Mantri博士在儿子Dhruv上五年级时发觉他数学很差，她用算盘帮助儿子取得了很大的进步，现在Dhruv在学习数据科学和分析。5．WhydidDhrnvhavedifficultyinlearningmathematics?A．Hewasfacedwithlanguagebarrier.B．Hedidn'tfindaproperway.C．Hesufferedfromeyesightproblems.D．Helackedacademicsupportfromthefamily.解析：推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Idecidedtochangethewayhelookedatnumbers”可知，Mantri博士确定变更儿子看待数字的方式。由此可以推断，Mantri博士的儿子学习数学的方法可能有问题，故B项正确。答案：B6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“whizz”inParagraph2mean?A．Careful. B．Diligent.C．Outstanding. D．Struggling.解析：词句揣测题。明题意：本题问“其次段中画线词‘whizz’是什么意思？”→寻线索：依据画线词所在句中的“Injustsixdayshestartedtoshowprogresswiththeabacus...withevenhisclassmates'parentsreachingoutforhelp”可知，Mantri博士的儿子在6天内就用算盘取得了进步，他的同班同学的家长都起先来寻求帮助→定答案：由此可以推断，Mantri博士的儿子在数学上成了一个精彩的孩子，故C项与画线词的意思最为接近。答案：C7．Whydokidslikelearningonabacusaccordingtothetext?A．Theyfinditappealing.B．Theycancalculatefaster.C．Theyenjoyplayinggames.D．Theyareeagerforsuccess.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“kidsenjoylearningonitbecauseit'slikeagame”和“Itbecomesaplayingtoolforyoungerchildren，foritfeelslikeagame”可知，孩子们喜爱用算盘学习是因为他们把算盘看作一种玩具，一种嬉戏，故C项正确。appealing“吸引人的”。答案：C8.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．DhruvwasaddictedtotheInternetat12.B．Dhruvisteachingdatascienceandanalyticsnow.C．Dhruvisafull­timestudentatGlasgowCaledonianUniversity.D．Dhruv'scareerchoicewasbeyondhisteachers'expectations.解析：推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Idon'tthinkmyteacherswouldhaveguessedthatIwouldbefollowingacareerindatascienceatthattime”可以推断，Dhruv的职业选择可能超出了老师们的预期，故D项正确。答案：DC(2024·南京市盐城市高三二模)InsoutheasternBrazil，localfisherswalkintodarkwatersinsearchofmullet(鲻鱼)．Ontheirown，itwouldbetrickytofindthesilveryfish.Butthehumansgethelpfromanunusualpartner：wildbottlenosedolphins.Withnetsinhand，thefisherspatientlywaitastheircetacean(鲸类的)partnersdrivethefishtowardtheshore.Asignalfromthedolphins—usuallyadeepdive—indicateswhentheyshouldcasttheirnets.Thisfishingpartnershiphaspasseddownthroughthegenerations，lastingformorethanacentury.Whileresearchersknewhumansprofitedfromthispairing，theycouldn'tconfirmwhetheritbenefitedthedolphins.Now，inanewstudyinProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences，researcherssuggestcetaceansthathuntwithhumanshavemorechancestolivethanthosethatdon't.“Human­wildlifecooperationingeneralisararephenomenonataglobalscale，”saysMauricioCantor，abiologistatOregonStateUniversityandleaderofthestudy.“Usuallyhumansgainthebenefit，andnaturepaysthecost.Butthisinteractionhasbeenhappeningforover150years.”Fishersweremoresuccessfulwhentheyworkedwiththedolphins.Whendolphinswerepresent，thefisherswere17timesmorelikelytocatchprey(猎物)andnettednearlyfourtimesmoremulletwhentheytimedtheircastingwiththecetaceans'signals.Eighty­sixpercentofall4，955mulletcaughtduringthestudyperiodcamefrom“synchronous(同时发生的)interactions”—whenthealliesorganizedtheiractionsperfectlywithoneanother.Thestudyalsorevealeddolphinshuntingwithhumanshada13percentincreaseinthesurvivalrateoverotherdolphins.Thesecooperativedolphinsaremorelikelytostayneartheshore，reducingtheirchanceofentanglement(缠住)inillegalfishingequipment.Besides，thedolphinscantakesomefishdirectlyfromthefishers'harvest.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。在巴西东南部，当地渔民和不寻常的伙伴——野生宽吻海豚合作捕鱼，这种习惯代代相传。这种合作带来的影响是渔民捕获到猎物的可能性是原来的17倍，同时海豚的生存机会也增加了，这揭示了一种罕见的、独特的人与海豚和谐共处的共生关系。9．WhatdothefirsttwoparagraphstalkaboutconcerningBrazilianfishers?A．Theytrickdolphinsintofishingforthem.B．Theyharvestmorefishwithdolphins'help.C．Theyhavebeentrainingdolphinsoveracentury.D．Theycastthefishingnetswhendolphinssurface.解析：细微环节理解题。明题意：本题问“关于巴西渔民前两段说了什么？”→寻线索：依据第一段内容可知，渔民们自己捕鱼比较困难，但他们得到了海豚的帮助。再依据其次段中的“Asignalfromthedolphins...lastingformorethanacentury”可知，海豚会发出捕猎信号，示意渔民何时撒网→定答案：由此可知，前两段主要讲解并描述了渔民们在海豚的帮助下，捕获到了更多的鱼。答案：B10．WhatdoesMauricioCantor'sresearchshow?A．Naturefavorshumanbeings