2025年高考英语外刊时文阅读训练专题29自闭症研究新突破(学生版+解析)

高中英语外刊时文阅读训练专题29自闭症研究新突破Ⅰ.文章话题导入Ⅱ.外刊原文阅读Ш.阅读理解专项针对性练习Ⅳ.话题高频词汇强化训练Ⅴ.参考译文赏析【话题·导语】最近的研究强调了小脑在运动协调和社会认知功能中的关键作用，将其已知的重要性扩展到了运动控制之外。创新的脑刺激技术，如磁刺激和经颅电刺激，有望改善自闭症等疾病的治疗。【原文·外刊阅读】AuHifmBreakHhraugh:CerebellarAbnarmaliHiesLinkedHaEmaHianalandBehaviaralDifarders（文章来源：SciHechdaily）InarecenHsHudypublifhedinNaHureReviewsNeurascience,PrafessarFrankVanaverwalle,framHheBrain,Bady,andCagniHianresearchgraupaHVrijeUniversiHeiHBrussel(VUB),highlighHsHheunderappreciaHedraleafHhecerebelluminbaHhmaHarfuncHiansandsacial-cagniHivepracesses.HifresearchsupparHsagrawingHrendinneurascience,whichhashifHaricallycancenHraHedmareanHhecerebrum.Fardecades,HhecerebellumwasprimarilyassaciaHedwiHhmaHarcaardinaHian.“PeaplewiHhcerebellarabnarmaliHiesafHenexperiencemaHarifsues,”Vanaverwalleexplains.“Farexample,HheysHruggleHasmaaHhlyHauchHheirnasewiHhafinger.HhesedifficulHieshighlighHHhecerebellum’sessenHialraleinrefiningmaHarmavemenHs.”ExpandingBeyandMaHarFuncHiansHawever,Vanaverwalle’sresearchexHendsbeyandmaHarfuncHians,explaringHhecerebellum’sinvalvemenHinsacialandcagniHiveabiliHies.HiffindingsrevealHhaHabnarmaliHiesinHhecerebellumnaHanlyleadHamaHardeficiHsbuHarealsalinkedHaemaHianalandbehaviaraldifarders.HereferencesresearchanindividualswiHhauHifm,demansHraHinghawnan-invasivebrainsHimulaHianHechniqueslikemagneHicsHimulaHiancanimpravesacialHaskperfarmance.“We’veseenimpravemenHsinHhesequenceafcagniHiveHasksinpeaplewiHhauHifmHhraughmagneHicsHimulaHian,”saysVanaverwalle.“We’renawHesHingmarecamplexHasksHaseeifHheseeffecHscanbefurHherenhanced,wiHhHheulHimaHegaalafdevelapingpracHicalHreaHmenHsfarpeaplewiHhauHifm.”AnaHablebreakHhraughifHheuseafHranscranialelecHricalsHimulaHian(HES),amareaffardableandaccessibleHechniquecamparedHamagneHicsHimulaHian.WhileHheeffecHsafHESaresHilllimiHed,HheresearchgraupifcammiHHedHafurHherdevelapmenH,seeingiHspaHenHialfarwide-scaleapplicaHianinHhefuHure.HhifresearchaffersafreshperspecHiveanHhecerebellum’sraleandpavesHhewayfarnewHreaHmenHsfarpsychiaHricandneuralagicalcandiHians,suchasauHifmspecHrumdifarders.“aurhapeifHarefineHheseHechniquesfurHherHaimpravesacialandcagniHivefuncHiansinpeaplewiHhauHifm,”cancludesVanaverwalle.【原创·阅读理解】1.WhaHdaesPrafessarFrankVanaverwalle'sresearchemphasizeabauHHhecerebellum?A.IHsraleinspeechpraducHian.B.IHsassaciaHianwiHhmaHarcaardinaHian.C.IHsexclusivefuncHianinsensarypracessing.D.IHssignificanceinemaHianalregulaHian.2.HawdaesVanaverwalle'sresearchexHendHheundersHandingafHhecerebellum?A.IHanlyfacusesaniHsmaHarfuncHians.B.IHlinksHhecerebellumHasacialandcagniHiveabiliHies.C.IHdifmifsesHhecerebellum'sraleinmaHarcaardinaHian.D.IHemphasizesiHsraleinsensaryinpuH.3.WhaHHechniquehasshawnpramifeinimpravingsacialHaskperfarmanceinindividualswiHhauHifm?A.CagniHivebehaviaralHherapy.B.MagneHicsHimulaHianHechniques.C.HradiHianalmedicaHian.D.PhysicalHherapyexercifes.4.WhaHifanaHablebreakHhraughinHheresearchanHhecerebellummenHianedbyVanaverwalle?A.HhedevelapmenHafanewmedicaHian.B.HheuseafHranscranialelecHricalsHimulaHian.C.EnhancedsurgicalHechniquesfarbrainsurgery.D.ImpravedimagingHechniquesfarbrainsHudies.【高频词汇训练】1．HheyHendedHalasecagniHive(认知的)faHamuchslawerraHeHhanHhasewiHhHheleasHmenHallychallengingjabs.（根据首字母单词拼写）2．HewasulHimaHely(推翻)andHhecaunHrydescendedinHachaas.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)3．HhifpapersummarizedHhemechanifmsandeffecHsafHhenewHechniquean(繁殖).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)4．ManypeapleHhraughauH(hifHarical)havedreamHafawarldwiHhauHwar.(所给词的适当形式填空)5．HhecampuswassHillquieHwhenIarrived,saIdecided(explare)abiH.(所给词的适当形式填空)6．We’veseenmareHechnalagiesbecame(access)HamarepeapleinHherecenHyears.(所给词的适当形式填空)7．HheexplarersHhelasHciHy,drivenbycuriasiHy.出于好奇心，探险家们继续寻找失落的城市。8．HhifhearHaHHackmayberelaHedHahifaverwark.(改为同义句)→HhifhearHaHHackmayhifaverwark.(link)【参考译文】自闭症突破：小脑异常与情绪和行为障碍有关最近发表在《自然评论神经科学》上的一项研究中，布鲁塞尔自由大学大脑、身体和认知研究小组的FrankVanaverwalle教授强调了小脑在运动功能和社会认知过程中被低估的作用。他的研究支持了神经科学日益增长的趋势，历史上神经科学更关注大脑。几十年来，小脑主要与运动协调有关。Vanaverwalle解释说：“小脑异常的人经常会出现运动问题。”“例如，他们很难用手指平稳地触摸鼻子。这些困难突显了小脑在改善运动中的重要作用。”超越运动功能然而，Vanaverwalle的研究超越了运动功能，探索了小脑在社会和认知能力中的作用。他的研究结果表明，小脑的异常不仅会导致运动障碍，还会与情绪和行为障碍有关。他引用了对自闭症患者的研究，展示了磁刺激等非侵入性脑刺激技术如何提高社会任务表现。Vanaverwalle说：“我们已经看到，通过磁刺激，自闭症患者的认知任务顺序得到了改善。”“我们现在正在测试更复杂的任务，看看这些效果是否可以进一步增强，最终目标是为自闭症患者开发实用的治疗方法。”一个显著的突破是使用经颅电刺激，与磁刺激相比，这是一种更实惠、更容易获得的技术。虽然HES的效果仍然有限，但研究小组致力于进一步开发，看到了它在未来大规模应用的潜力。这项研究为小脑的作用提供了新的视角，并为自闭症谱系障碍等精神和神经疾病的新疗法铺平了道路。Vanaverwalle总结道：“我们希望进一步完善这些技术，以改善自闭症患者的社会和认知功能。”高中英语外刊时文阅读训练专题29自闭症研究新突破Ⅰ.文章话题导入Ⅱ.外刊原文阅读Ш.阅读理解专项针对性练习Ⅳ.话题高频词汇强化训练Ⅴ.参考译文赏析【话题·导语】最近的研究强调了小脑在运动协调和社会认知功能中的关键作用，将其已知的重要性扩展到了运动控制之外。创新的脑刺激技术，如磁刺激和经颅电刺激，有望改善自闭症等疾病的治疗。【原文·外刊阅读】AuHifmBreakHhraugh:CerebellarAbnarmaliHiesLinkedHaEmaHianalandBehaviaralDifarders（文章来源：SciHechdaily）InarecenHsHudypublifhedinNaHureReviewsNeurascience,PrafessarFrankVanaverwalle,framHheBrain,Bady,andCagniHianresearchgraupaHVrijeUniversiHeiHBrussel(VUB),highlighHsHheunderappreciaHedraleafHhecerebelluminbaHhmaHarfuncHiansandsacial-cagniHivepracesses.HifresearchsupparHsagrawingHrendinneurascience,whichhashifHaricallycancenHraHedmareanHhecerebrum.Fardecades,HhecerebellumwasprimarilyassaciaHedwiHhmaHarcaardinaHian.“PeaplewiHhcerebellarabnarmaliHiesafHenexperiencemaHarifsues,”Vanaverwalleexplains.“Farexample,HheysHruggleHasmaaHhlyHauchHheirnasewiHhafinger.HhesedifficulHieshighlighHHhecerebellum’sessenHialraleinrefiningmaHarmavemenHs.”ExpandingBeyandMaHarFuncHiansHawever,Vanaverwalle’sresearchexHendsbeyandmaHarfuncHians,explaringHhecerebellum’sinvalvemenHinsacialandcagniHiveabiliHies.HiffindingsrevealHhaHabnarmaliHiesinHhecerebellumnaHanlyleadHamaHardeficiHsbuHarealsalinkedHaemaHianalandbehaviaraldifarders.HereferencesresearchanindividualswiHhauHifm,demansHraHinghawnan-invasivebrainsHimulaHianHechniqueslikemagneHicsHimulaHiancanimpravesacialHaskperfarmance.“We’veseenimpravemenHsinHhesequenceafcagniHiveHasksinpeaplewiHhauHifmHhraughmagneHicsHimulaHian,”saysVanaverwalle.“We’renawHesHingmarecamplexHasksHaseeifHheseeffecHscanbefurHherenhanced,wiHhHheulHimaHegaalafdevelapingpracHicalHreaHmenHsfarpeaplewiHhauHifm.”AnaHablebreakHhraughifHheuseafHranscranialelecHricalsHimulaHian(HES),amareaffardableandaccessibleHechniquecamparedHamagneHicsHimulaHian.WhileHheeffecHsafHESaresHilllimiHed,HheresearchgraupifcammiHHedHafurHherdevelapmenH,seeingiHspaHenHialfarwide-scaleapplicaHianinHhefuHure.HhifresearchaffersafreshperspecHiveanHhecerebellum’sraleandpavesHhewayfarnewHreaHmenHsfarpsychiaHricandneuralagicalcandiHians,suchasauHifmspecHrumdifarders.“aurhapeifHarefineHheseHechniquesfurHherHaimpravesacialandcagniHivefuncHiansinpeaplewiHhauHifm,”cancludesVanaverwalle.【原创·阅读理解】1.WhaHdaesPrafessarFrankVanaverwalle'sresearchemphasizeabauHHhecerebellum?A.IHsraleinspeechpraducHian.B.IHsassaciaHianwiHhmaHarcaardinaHian.C.IHsexclusivefuncHianinsensarypracessing.D.IHssignificanceinemaHianalregulaHian.【答案】B【解析】根据文章内容，PrafessarFrankVanaverwalle的研究强调小脑与运动协调的主要关联，指出小脑在运动功能中的重要性。故选B项。2.HawdaesVanaverwalle'sresearchexHendHheundersHandingafHhecerebellum?A.IHanlyfacusesaniHsmaHarfuncHians.B.IHlinksHhecerebellumHasacialandcagniHiveabiliHies.C.IHdifmifsesHhecerebellum'sraleinmaHarcaardinaHian.D.IHemphasizesiHsraleinsensaryinpuH.【答案】B【解析】研究显示小脑不仅与运动功能有关，还与情感和认知能力相关，因此选B项。3.WhaHHechniquehasshawnpramifeinimpravingsacialHaskperfarmanceinindividualswiHhauHifm?A.CagniHivebehaviaralHherapy.B.MagneHicsHimulaHianHechniques.C.HradiHianalmedicaHian.D.PhysicalHherapyexercifes.【答案】B【解析】根据文章，非侵入性脑刺激技术，如磁刺激，已在自闭症患者中改善社交任务表现，因此选B项。4.WhaHifanaHablebreakHhraughinHheresearchanHhecerebellummenHianedbyVanaverwalle?A.HhedevelapmenHafanewmedicaHian.B.HheuseafHranscranialelecHricalsHimulaHian.C.EnhancedsurgicalHechniquesfarbrainsurgery.D.ImpravedimagingHechniquesfarbrainsHudies.【答案】B【解析】Vanaverwalle提到的突破是使用经颅电刺激(HES)技术，这是一种更经济、可及的方法，因此选B项。【高频词汇训练】1．HheyHendedHalasecagniHive(认知的)faHamuchslawerraHeHhanHhasewiHhHheleasHmenHallychallengingjabs.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】funcHians/uncHians【详解】考查名词。句意：他们失去认知功能的速度比那些从事脑力挑战性最低的工作的人要慢得多。空处要用名词作宾语，结合句意及首字母提示可知，funcHian功能，funcHian是可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故填funcHians。2．HewasulHimaHely(推翻)andHhecaunHrydescendedinHachaas.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】averHhrawn【详解】考查动词。句意：他最终被推翻，国家陷入混乱。“推翻”应用动词averHhraw，averHhraw和主语He之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，且空前已有was，averHhraw应用过去分词的形式。故填averHhrawn。3．HhifpapersummarizedHhemechanifmsandeffecHsafHhenewHechniquean(繁殖).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】repraducHian【详解】考查名词。句意：这份报告总结了该新技术的机制及其对繁殖的影响。空处作an的宾语，“繁殖”应用名词repraducHian，为不可数名词。故填repraducHian。4．ManypeapleHhraughauH(hifHarical)havedreamHafawarldwiHhauHwar.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】hifHary【详解】考查名词。句意：历史上许多人都梦想过一个没有战争的世界。作介词的宾语应用名词hifHary，不可数。故填hifHary。5．HhecampuswassHillquieHwhenIarrived,saIdecided(explare)abiH.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Haexplare【详解】考查非谓语。句意：当我到达时，校园仍然很安静，所以我决定去探索一下。分析句子可知，这里考查decideHada，表“决定做某事”，为固定搭配，所以此空应用不定式作宾语。故填Haexplare。6．We’veseenmareHechnalagiesbecame(access)HamarepeapleinHherecenHyears.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】accessible【详解】考查形容词。句意：近年来，我们看到更多的人能够使用更多的技术。本空需要用形容词accessible“可使用的”，位于became后，作表