2024-2025学年学年北京市朝阳区高三年级上册期中考试英语试题（含答案）

北京市朝阳区2024-2025学年度第一学期期中质量检测

高三英语试卷

2024.11

（考试时间90分钟满分100分）

本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在

答题卡上将该项涂黑。

My10-year-oldsonEgbertwasapickyeater-heonlyatechickennuggetsandyogurt-andunwillingtotry

newthings.Accordingtohim,it'sbecausehehasphobias,includingheightsandthedark.Iwashopingtofindaway

to1himwithoutusingoldsayingslike“Ifyoudon'ttryit,you,llneverknowifyoulikeit."Sobeforeour

skiingtriptoLosAngeles,I2arule:wewouldsayyestoeverything,includingnewfoodsandexperiences.

Wesaidyesfromthebeginningofourtrip.Attheairportcafe,Egbertbeganbytryingnewfoodslikevegetable

meatballs.3,herateditas"notbad”.Thenextdayinthesnowboardingschool,despitethefearofheights,

Egbertchallengedhimselftolearnhowtorideachairlift.Afterskiing,wewerebothcoldandwet,andEgbert

suggestedtheoutdoorhottub（浴缸）.Thoughitwouldbeacompletelynewexperienceforus,I4ittogether

withhimandtheexperienceprovedtobeadelight.Ifelt5ofmyselffortryingsomethingnew.

Onoursummerholidays,wecontinuedthe6ofsayingyes.AtthecompetitioninCody,Wyoming,

neitherofmysonandIwhenwewereinvitedontothefieldtojoininthehorseracing.Thoughwecame

backwithoutprizes,wewerebothlaughing,sweatyand8.1knowifsamomentwe'llneverforget.

Thereinliesthe9ofsayingyesonvacation:itpushesusoutofourcomfortzone,thoughit'snotalways

possibletosayyestoeverythinginourdailylife.Developingasenseof10helpsuslivelifetothefullest

-evenifwesometimeswindupcoldandwet.

1.A.warnB.awardC.orderD.encourage

2.A.brokeB.setC.changedD.remembered

3.A.StrangelyB.ClearlyC.UndoubtedlyD.Surprisingly

4.A.bravedB.adjustedC.missedD.discussed

5.A.afraidB.proudC.nervousD.respectful

6.A.traditionB.lessonC.trendD.celebration

7A.caredB.agreedC.panickedD.hesitated

8.A.puzzledB.touchedC.excitedD.disappointed

9A.riskB.beautyC.costD.duty

10.A.devotionB.identityC.adventureD.happiness

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

A

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

TheChinesedelegation(代表团)concludedthe2024ParisOlympicswitharemarkableachievementof40

goldmedals.404athletes]]participatedin232eventsacross30sportswonatotalof91medals.This

representsa12(significance)breakthrough-Chineseathleteshavedemonstratedhugepotentialinsports

wherewehavebeenlatestarters,whileholdingtheleadingpositionineventssuchasdivingandtabletennis.The

ParisOlympicsprovidedaglobalplatformforChina13(show)itssportsmanship,confidenceandopenness.

B

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Recently,Iattendedahighschoolreunion.AsIwalkedintotheroom,arushofemotionsovercameme.Faces

thatIhadn'tseeninyears14(smile)backatme.Memoriesofcarefreedaysinouryouthfloodedback.We

recalledtheclasses,thesportseventsandthetricks.15thatwonderfulevening,wetalkedaboutourdreams

wehadatthattimeand16lifehadunfoldedsince.Wereconnectedwitholdfriends,17(realize)

thatthebondsofhighschoolstillheldstrong.

C

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

NowhundredsofBaidu'sApolloGorobotaxisareoperatingonthestreetsofWuhan,Hubeiprovince.These

vehicles,18(equip)withBaidu'slatesttechnologytokeepsafe,havebecomepopular.Peopleareattracted

bythecompetitivepriceoffersandgoodservice.Andnewjob19(opportunity)willcomewiththerising

demandforrobotaxis,suchascleaningandrepairing.However,robotaxishavealsoraisedpeople'sconcerns.Thus,

moreefforts20(require)toenhancesei住drivingtestingandrelatedtechnology.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节供14小题;每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该

项涂黑。

A

Disinformation,whichisfalseinformationspreadonpurpose,hasbecomeacauseofconcernrecently.In

responsetothisrisingglobalthreat,theUnitedNationsInformationCentre（UNIC）Canberraanditspartnerswillbe

organizingatwo-dayconference,DISINFOPACIFIC,onNovember11and12,2024.

Theconferencewillfocusonstrategiesforpreventingandreducingdisinformation,aswellasapplyingbest

practicestoaddressthisglobalchallenge.Itaimstoprovideaforum（论坛）forjournalists,socialmediaexperts,

educators,researchers,policy-makersandcommunicationsprofessionals,fromwithinandoutsidetheUN.

Currently,weareinsearchofsocialmediavolunteerstoprovideonlineassistanceforthisconference.

Requirements:

•Outstandingoralandwrittencommunicationskills

,Professionalgraphic（绘图的）designexperience

•Priorinvolvementindesigningdocumentlayouts

,In-depthfamiliaritywithgraphicdesignapps

•WorkingknowledgeoftheEnglishlanguage

Note:Adegreeingraphicdesignorarelatedfieldisconsideredaplus.

Responsibilities:

•Developingacomprehensivesocialmediareleaseplan

•Assistinginchoosingtherighttypesofmediaandupdatingconferenceinformationonadailybasis

•Workingtogetherwithourcommunicationsteamtocreatesocialmediaactivitiesaccordingtoagreed

requirements

,Developingaseriesofsocialmediaresourcesoncethefinalconceptisagreedupon,withaparticularfocuson

ayouth（universitylevel）studentaudience

Joinusnowasasocialmediavolunteerandhelpbuildafuturewithlessdisinformation.Youwillalsohavethe

opportunitytobuildconnectionswiththeUNICCanberraanditspartnersandlearnaboutthewaysinwhichsocial

mediacommunicationcansupportthepromotionofaconferencecenteringondisinformation.

Findoutmoreathttps://app.unv.org/opportunities.

21.Accordingtothepassage,volunteersshould

A.holdadegreeingraphicdesign

B.beabletodevelopgraphicdesignapps

C.haveagreatcommunicativecompetence

D.beasfluentinEnglishasnativespeakers

22.Ifselected,volunteerswill.

A.releaseaUNICworkplanB.helpdesignsocialmediaactivities

C.evaluatethefinalconceptD.provideweeklymediaupdates

23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Topromoteaconference.B.Toseekonlinevolunteers.

C.Tohighlightaglobalthreat.D.Tointroduceanorganization.

B

I'mwalkingaroundthehousewithaseverelimp（跛彳亍）andactivelysecond-guessingeverydecisionVve

evermade.Thatcanonlymeanonething:Ijustranmyoneracefortheyear.

The7-mileraceisinmyhometowninIllinois,andVvebeendoingitalmosteveryyearsinceIwasa12-year-

oldboy.Ireachedmypeakabout15yearsagoandhavebeenperformingpoorlyeversince.

WhydoIkeepgoingifInolongerenjoyitandamgettingworseeveryyear?Tradition,mostly.Besides,I

don'tdislikethewholerace,justtherunningpart.IlikeseeingalltherunningclubmembersVveknownsince

childhood,andIlovethefreebeerafterward.Runningisjustaminorblockonthewaytothegoodstuff.

Thatday,Iwasaccompaniedtotheracebyagroupofthreeextremelyin-shapepeople.Weallliveinthe

sameIndianapolissuburb.Theseguysbikeandruncountlessmiles,ofteninthesameday.Onehasdonedozensof

SpartanRaces,whichrequiretheplayertocrawlthroughmud,fliptiresandthrowspears.Anotheristrainingfora

triathlon（三项全能运动）.Inadditiontobeingfasterthanmeonfoot,inthewaterandonwheels,hecanalso

outliftme.

Ididn'tholdmuchhopefortherace——nooneputslesspressureonmethanme.Betweenmiles4and5,1felt

sogoodthatIwonderedwhyIonlydothisonceayear.ThenIhitmile6,andmybodywarnedme.Ipushed

myselfuntilIhadamileleft,atwhichpointmylegsdecidedtheyweredone.Determinationandacan-doattitude

arenomatchforgravityanddistance.Exhausted,Islowlymademywaytothefinishingline.

Still,IcanhonestlysayIgaveeverythingIhad.Myslow,plodding（步履艰难的）finishwasactuallya

victorythatprovesIgaveitmyall.Idon'tneedahugecuptohonormyheroicperformance.Myachingkneeis

enoughofasouvenir.

Adaylater,evenasmyentirebodytellsmeI'manidiot,Ican'thelpbutfeelthattheracewasasuccess.Fve

decidedtokeepdoingthisraceaslongasmylegscansupportme.

24.Theauthorrantheracebecause.

AhewantedtokeeptheoldcustomB.hewantedtocompetewithfriends

C.heintendedtobuilduphisbodyD.heenjoyedlong-distancerunning

25.Whydidtheauthormentionthein-shapepeople?

A.Togivehisreasonforlowself-expectation.

B.Toshowhisenvyoftheirathleticabilities.

C.Toemphasizehisstrongwilltowintherace.

D.Toexpresshisconfidenceinfinishingtherace.

26.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorduringtherace?

A.Hestruggledfrombeginningtoend.

B.Hebrokehislegatthefinishingline.

C.Heexperiencedpressurefromhimself.

D.Hepushedhimselftothelimitstomakeit.

27.Howdidtheauthorfeelaftertherace?

A.Surprised.B.Satisfied.C.Regretful.D.Grateful.

C

Aspeciescanbetermedtemporarily"lost"afternotbeingsightedforadecade,butresearchersstillhopetofind

itagaineventually.In2023,thathopeledtotherediscoveryofAttenboroughsechidna,unseenforhalfacentury.

Inspired,ThomasEvansandhisteamhavecreatedadatabaseof856lostand424rediscoveredspecies.

Attenborough'sechidna

Thedatabasekeepsgrowingfasterthanexplorerscankeepupwith,despiteincreasinglyadvancedtechnologies

fortracingunseencreaturesreachinganexpertiselevel.Thestudyindicatesmanyrediscoveredspeciesappearto

followarathersimilartrend:theyarebig,appealingmammalsorbirdstendingtolivenearhumansandinmore-

developedcountries.Thus,Evanssaysifananimalisuptosnuffbutcontinuestobeoutofresearchers5sightafter

longsearches,ifsprobablygoneforever.Onthecontrary,animalsthatdon'texhibitthepatternforeasyrediscovery

areverymuchaliveoutthere."'Becausetheyaregenerallydifficulttocomeacrossandarethereforemetwithless

exploratoryattention,inmostcases,small,unattractivespeciesaremorelikelytobeseeminglyextinctbutstillalive,9,

Evanssays.

EvanshopessuchdetailswillhelpconservationistslikeChristinaBiggs,whohasbeendrawinguponalistof

25"mostwanted^^speciesforTexas-basedcharityRe:wildsince2017.""Currenuly,Re:wildisfinalizingits2024

searchlists,usingthestudy'sresults.Wehavetomakeharddecisionsonwheretoputourmoney,andEvans?s

researchhelpstodirectus,“saysBiggs.

Butisitalwaysinalostspecies5bestinteresttobefound?Afterarediscovery,itcantakemonthstosecurean

areafromhuntersortourists."Inpublicizingsomethingyou'verediscovered,you'republicizingafoodsourcefor

hunters,9,saysbiologistJamesKempton.Biggsnotes,however,rediscoveriesoftenstrengthenprotectionefforts.

Whenaspeciesisrediscovered,protectedareaswillbemadepossible.Biggsaddsthatforsomehard-to-findspecies,

researcherscoulduseEvans'sstudytodecideifacreatureislikelystillalive-andthendrawbroadprotectedareas

arounditsgeneralregion,whereotherendangeredspeciesalsolive,ratherthansendpossiblyfruitlessexplorersto

theareatoprovetheanimafsexistence.

Beyondthescientificgains,searchingforlostspeciesplaysacrucialroleinunderstandingandprotectingour

world.Once,theYongsuSaparicommunityusedAttenborough'sechidnasasapeacetooltosettlearguments.6<If

brothersfought,theyhadtofindanAttenborough'sechidna,asolutionthatisincreasinglydifficult,Biggssays.

“So,everythingisconnected.Everyspeciesbehavesinanecosystemandfulfillsapurpose.^^

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"isuptosnuff'inParagraph2probablymean?

A.Fitstheprofile.B.Adaptswell.

C.Breaksthehabit.D.Growsmature.

29.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Technologyhasreducedthenumberofmissingspecies.

B.Publicizingrediscoverysecuresthefutureoflostspecies.

C.Largeranimalsfaceahigherextinctionriskthansmallerones.

D.Animalsneighboringhumansreceivemoreattentioninsearches.

30.WhatmightChristinaBiggsagreewith?

A.Thenumberofechidnaswillincreaseafteritsrediscovery.

B.Exploratorymissionsmattermorethanhabitatpreservation.

C.Extinctspeciescomewithbothecologicalandculturallosses.

D.ThomasEvanshasinstructedRe:wildtoidentifythe25species.

D

Overthesummer,theneuroscientistChristofKochaccepteddefeatonhis25-yearbetwiththephilosopher

DavidChalmers,alostwagerthatthescienceofconsciousnesswouldbeallwrappedupbynow.Despitedecadesof

research,there9slittlesignofsharedunderstandingonconsciousness,withseveralcompetingtheoriesstillbeing

debated.

InmynewbookentitledWhy?,Itakehead-onthequestionofwhyifssohardtomakeprogresson

consciousness.Thecoredifficultyisthatconsciousnesscannotbeeasilyobserved.Youcan'tlookinsidesomeone's

brainandseetheirfeelingsandexperiences.Sciencedoesdealwiththingsthatcan'tbeobserved,suchasfundamental

particles（粒子），quantumwavefunctions（量子波函数），andmaybeevenotheruniverses.Butconsciousnessposes

animportantdifference:inalloftheseothercases,wetheorizeaboutthingswecan'tobserveinordertoexplainwhat

wecanobserve.Uniquelywithconsciousness,thethingwearetryingtoexplaincannotbepubliclyobserved.

Howthencanweinvestigateconsciousness?Iarguethatwecanaccountfortheevolutionofconsciousnessonly

ifwerejectreductionism（简化论）aboutit.Mostconsciousnessresearchersemployareductionistviewofthe

universe,wherephysicsisrunningtheshow.Thus,insofarastherearesomefuturepossibilitiesleftopenbythe

arrangementsofparticlesinourbrains,theyaresettledbynothingmorethantherandomchancinessimplicit（含蓄

的）inquantummechanics.

Somechallengeshaveemergedlatelytothisreductionistmodel.TheneuroscientistKevinMitchellarguesthat

thefreewillofconsciousorganismsplaysaroleindeterminingwhatwillhappeninthebrain,overandabovewhat

issettledbythelawsofphysics.Evolutionoffersoneofthestrongestchallenges.Naturalselectiononlycaresabout

behavior,asit'sonlybehaviorthatmattersforsurvival.RapidprogressinAIandroboticshasmadeitclear,however,

thatextremelycomplexbehaviourcanexistinasystemthatentirelylacksconsciousexperience.Foranyadaptive

behaviourassociatedwithconsciousness,therecouldbeanonconsciousmechanismthatinspiresthesamebehaviour.

Giventhis,itisadeepmysterywhyconsciousnessevolvedatall.Butsupposetheemergenceofbiological

consciousnessbringsintoexistenceradicallynewformsofbehavior,overandabovewhatphysicsalonecould

produce.Perhapsorganismsthathaveconsciousawarenessoftheworldaroundthem,andtherebyfreelyrespond

basedonthatawareness,behaveverydifferentlythanmeremechanisms.Consequently,theysurvivemuchbetter.

Withtheseassumptions,wecanmakesenseofnaturalselection'spreferenceforconsciousorganisms.

Asaphilosopher,inWhy?,Ideveloparadicalform-theviewthatconsciousnessgoesrightdowntothe

fundamentalbuildingblocksofreality-aimedataddressingthephilosophicalchallengesofconsciousness,aswell

asprovidingaframeworkforscientiststomakeprogressonthescientificissues.Itisapincermovement（钳形运动）

ofscienceandphilosophythatwill,ultimately,crackthemysteryofconsciousness.

31.Whatcanwelearnaboutconsciousnessfromthispassage?

A.Consciousnessevolvesfrombehavior.

B.Scientiststheorizeconsciousnesstoobserveit.

C.Consciousnesslacksobservablephenomenatostudy.

D.Quantumwavefunctionshelpexplainconsciousness.

32.AsforKevinMitchel?sargument,theauthoris.

A.supportive.B.disapproving.C.neutral.D.uncertain.

33.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Physicists5researchesrejectreductionism.

B.Brainworksindependentlyofthephysicsprinciples.

C.Thenatureofconsciousnessrequiresfurtherinvestigation.

D.Naturalselectionprovesreductionistviewsofconsciousness.

34.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ADebateovertheNatureofConsciousness.

B.ConsciousnessandBehavior:APhilosophicalPerspective.

C.TheRoleofNaturalSelectioninConsciousnessDevelopment.

D.BeyondReductionism:ExploringtheEvolutionofConsciousness.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项

涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Consideringtheyaretheworld?smostnumerousareasofwater,itissurprisingthatpondsarepoorlyunderstood.

Therearemillions-possiblybillions-ofthem.35

Thisneglectmightnothavematteredifitwerenotforincreasingevidencethatpondsareextremelyimportant

habitatsforwildlifeastheyhaverich,diverseanddistinctivecommunitieswithvariedrareandendangeredspecies.

Acrossmanylandscapes,theyarebeingshowntosupportfargreatervariationofspeciesthanriversandstreams.

36Itallowsthemtohaveawiderrangeofconditionscomparedwithriversandstreamswhereflowing

watertendstohomogenise（同质化）waterchemistry.

Sowhyhavewefailedtonoticesuchavitalpartofthenaturalworld?Akeyreasonappearstobewhatfreshwater

scientistJohnDowninghascalled"asaliencyerror”:themisjudgmentwherewehumansnaturallyassumethatif

somethingissmall,itcan'tbeallthatimportant.37Wedon'trealisethatthesewatershaveadeeplyancient

originandhaveexistedonEarthaslongastherehasbeenlandandwater.

Thesemisunderstandingswithinfreshwatersciencehavehadabigimpactonourabilitytoprotecttheirwildlife.

InEurope,forexample,theWaterFrameworkDirectivemostlyexcludesanybodiesofwatersmallerthan50hectares.

38Lastyear,theRamsarConvention,aninternationalagreement,introducedaresolutiononsmall

wetlands,includingponds,givingcrucialrecognitiontothem.AndtheEuropeanUnion-fundedPONDERFUL

projectisgatheringdataonEurope'sponds.However,thereremainsmuchtodo.Astheeffectsofclimatechange

deepen,plantsandanimalswillincreasinglyneedtomoveacrossthelandscapetosurvive.39Theyare

easytomakeandtheycolonizerapidly,whichcanhelpfreshwaterspeciesadaptovershorttimescales.

A.Viewpointsarechanging,fortunately,tothebenefitofponds.

B.Thisbiodiversityseemstobepartlyduetothesmallsizeofponds.

C.Astudyshowstheymakeupmuchoftheglobalwaterenvironment.

D.Yetforacenturyorso,scientistshavepaidthemverylittleattention.

E.Wecancreatepondsinconsiderablenumbersasoneofthefewhabitats.

F.Thereisincreasingevidenceoftheimportanceofpondsforbiodiversity.

G.Mostofusalsodevaluedpondsbecauseweregardthemasartificialhabitats.

第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节供4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Wealllovetocriticize,butunfortunately,wealsohatebeingcriticized.Wefreelypostandcommentonothers,

butfeelannoyedatthewayothersassessus,bothonlineandinperson.Theworldseemsunlikelytochangeanytime

soon.Fortunately,though,eachofuscanchangehowwegiveandtakecriticism,whichwillmakeuslesslikelyto

harmothers,moreresistanttobeingangry,andbetterabletobenefitfromfeedback-evenwhenitisnegative.

Criticismisdefinedasjudgmentofthemerits（优点）andfaultsofsomethingorsomeoneinwrittenorspoken

form.Technically,criticismcanincludepraise,butthatisn'twhatconcernsushere.Whatannoysusiscriticismof

thenegativevariety,evenwhenwell-intentioned-so-calledconstructivecriticism,whichmeanstoprovide

guidancesowecanimprove.Worstofallisdestructivecriticism,whichaimstocausehurtordamage.

Thecultureofcriticismisn'tgoingaway.Theonlywaytoflourish（繁荣）init,anddespiteit,istoadoptnew

habitsofgettingandgivingcriticalfeedback.Oneruleistoassumethatcriticism,evenwhenitseemspersonal,is

notactuallyaboutyoupersonally.Whenwereceivecriticism,wemakeitpersonalintwoways.First,wemay

naturallyanalyzethecriticratherthanthecriticism.Second,wetendtoconsiderthecriticismajudgmentonour

naturalabilities,ratherthanonourperformance.Interestingly,evenamongyoungchildren,researchshowsthat

viewingcriticismasajudgmentonone'sabilitiescanleadtolowerself-worth,lowerpositivemood,andless

persistenceattasks.

Iftakingcriticismisparticularlyhardforyou,youarenotalone.However,takingcriticismbadlyismore

embarrassing,ultimately,thanthecriticismitself.Ifwedotheworktolearntoacceptnegativefeedback,wewillbe

muchbetteroff.

40.Whatwillbetheresultsofchangingthewaywegiveandtakecriticism?

41.Whatisthedifferencebetweenconstructiveanddestructivecriticism?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

Childrenwhoreceivecriticismhavelowerself-worthbecausetheytakecriticismasajudgmentontheirperformance.

43.Whatbenefit(s)wouldyougainfromlearningtoacceptnegativefeedback?(Inabout40words)

第二节(20分)

44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim在社交媒体上看到了含有流行语“