100句话学会英语语法

实词！虚词代词：I！介词：of!感叹词：Ah!Oh!连词：if!主谓Icome（不及物动词）.主谓宾主谓宾宾主谓宾补主系表Ilove（及物动词）Igive（授予动词）youheart.Youmake（不完全及物动词）Youare（系动词）介短：Iloveyou(in从句：Iloveyou(becauseyou非谓：Iloveyou,(missingyou)(every时间：(Lastweek),Iwent(tothe100句话学会英语语法1.gavemeaverygoodadviceyesterday.gavemeaverygoodadviceyesterday.advice是不可数名词。一些汉语概念为可数的词在英语中却是不可数的，表示数量时在其前加apieceofnews,bread,work,paper,chalk粉笔,furniture家具,information等等。【202.Thatgirllovesreadingbook.Thatgirllovesreadingbooks.词，或将其变为复数。此处最好变为books，在特定语境下也可以变成thebook。inhospital院byin骑睡觉：inthehospital在这个医院里inthebed3.wentintoabook’sshopandboughtadictionary.wentintoabook’sshopandboughtadictionary.有生命的东西的名词的所有格用A’s，如：mother’sB，如：ashopofbooks,thebrand(品牌)the无生命的东西也能用“名词修饰名词，如：abookshop,thecarbookbusschoolEnglishtea“”acarmyacarmymother’scarsafriendofmyoneofmyfather’sfriendsacarmyoneofmyfriends’4.MyfamilyiswatchingMyfamilyarewatchingfamily是个“集合名词:表“家庭”是单数，相当于“一个集合：Myfamilyabigone.表“家人”是复数，相当于“全体元素：Myfamily类似的词有：team,class,audience5．IboughtsomepotatosandtomatosattheIboughtsomepotatoesandtomatoesatthe初高中阶段以“o”esNegro,hero，potato,tomato（一个黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿）;其余的都加sThishasnothingtodotheirbelieves.Thishasnothingdotheirbeliefs.大多数以f,结尾的词变为复数时一般去f,fe加vesleafknife—knivesthief—thieveswife-->wiveswolfwolves狼shelf-->shelves而和sAhavesomethingdo：A和BAhavenothingwith：A和BAhavelittletowith：A和BAhavealottowith：A和BThebosswantshireanusefulperson.（useful[‘juzful]）Thebosswantshireausefulperson.用a还是an，取决于后面单词的第一个音标，如为元音用an。useful的第一个音标是辅音[j]ana。类似的，我们说aEuropeancountry.但是我们要说anhour，因为hour的第一个音标是元音[a]。aboxanhouranPlaneisamachinethatcanAplaneisamachinecan名词不可裸奔原则：Plane为可数名词单数形式，不能单独放在句中，应在其前amachine,aA。【特指特指a/an表示“泛指”“类指”“”就是随便哪个都行”；所谓“”就是一类中的一个。IneedapersonhelpIneedthepersonhelpJerryaIknowaveryuglyteacher.Jerryistheplayedapianoatthepartyplayedtheatthepartyathe”Erhuplay，playGuzheng.（因为在外国人看来中国乐器就是玩具）ThemachinewasinventedinThemachinewasinventedinthe在in后加the，因为表示年代“用in加the再加几十的复数”the80sthe，因为每个年代都是独一无二）XiaoHongwenttoschoolbythebuseveryday.XiaoHongwenttoschoolbythebuseveryday.去掉the，by直接加交通工具，表示“乘坐某交通工具。代词一定看翻译）isoneofthosespeakersmakehisideasperfectlyisoneofthosespeakerswhomaketheirideasperfectly“oneof复数名词后面的定语从句修饰的是这个复数名词；isonethespeakers(whomaketheirideasperfectly“theoneof”theonly.istheonlyoneofthespeakers(whomakeshisideasperfectlyWhomdoyouthinkhasleftthelightson？Whoyouthinkhasthelightson？只能用who。因为who可以作主语也可以作宾语，而whom只能作宾语。eg：_What/Who/didJerrykissyesterday?ThebosspretendednotseeJohnandI.ThebosspretendednottoseeJohnand.John和I在句中都做的宾语，应把I改为me。Thesebooksaremine;thoseinthebagareThesebooksaremine;thoseinthebagare.Her是形容词性物主代词books，或把herhers。【代词】代词只有两种用法：1.当名词用；2.我（主语）我（宾语）I我自己是宾语。TherearefourteenhundredsstudentsinourTherearefourteenhundredstudentsinour要么“数字加hundredhundreds加”Hundred/thousand/million/score/dozen等词stwohundredstudents（两百个学生）前面没有具体数字时在其后加s和ofhundredsstudentsTheirschoolistwiceaslargerasourTheirschoolistwiceaslargeasourAisthreetimeslargeA是三倍一样大/像。=AistwicelargerthanA是两倍更大/比。=AisthreetimesthesizeA是三倍尺寸/B碰到as写原级，碰到than写比较级，in/of/amongToday’shomeworkisafive-hundred-wordsToday’shomeworkisafive-hundred-wordafive-hundred-worda17-year-oldthirdofthestudentsinourschoolarefromAmerica.thirdsofthestudentsourschoolarefromAmerica.1时，分母后要加s。onethird表示“”，two表示“三分之二。twoThepatientappearednervouslywhenhetalkedtheThepatientappearednervouswhentalkedthebe动词：am,is,are,was,感官系动词：look,sound,smell,feel,变化系动词：become变成/变得,come变好,go变坏,get变得,grow慢变,turn不变系动词：stay,keep,表象系动词：seem(好像是appear()名词TheartistworkedhardlyfinishhisdrawingsonTheartisthardtofinishhisdrawingson】hardly是副词，但意为“几乎不”hard也可以是副词，表“努力”Thisshirtmorecheaperthanone.Thisshirtmuchcheaperthanone.aaaagreat)isthemostsuccessfulofthetwobusinessmen.isthemoresuccessfulofthetwobusinessmen.定冠词workslessharderheusedworkslesshardthanheused表“更少…”时用less加上形容词和副词的原级，因此把harderThebookfairlymoreinterestingthanthatone.Thebookmuchmoreinterestingthanthatone.fairly只能修饰形容词和副词的原级，所以改成far或者aaaagreatThisisasaninterestingastoryastheoneinthemagazine.Thisisaninterestingastoryastheonethemagazine.【】as/soas...：一样/这样像（as/so是个副词，用来修饰形容词或副词）这样的像....（such是个形容词，用来修饰名词）as/socleveraboyJerry：一样聪明的一个男孩/像suchacleverboyJerry：这样的一个聪明的男孩/像acleverheis!（what和such差不多，后面加名词结构）theis!（how和so差不多，后面加adj或）TheweatherhereisnicerthanTheweatherherenicerthanthatinthat和those表示同类事物的比较】weatherhereisnicerthatinXizang.类似的还有：eg:newspaperstodayarefarmoreadvancedinthe.特指单复数主谓一致修饰比较级那些报纸年代前面必加！TomstudiesEnglishharderthananystudentinhisTomstudiesEnglishharderthananyotherstudentinhis【any/anyother】anystudent=anyotherstudent29．Iwouldrathertakeatrainwentbybus.Iwouldratheratrainthanbus.wouldrathersth1thandopreferdoingsth1doing30．Isthereinterestinganythingthemeeting?Isthereanythinginterestingatthemeeting?】修饰anything,something,everything,nothing31．Ineverhaveseensuchapersonbefore.Ihaveneverseensuchapersonnever是个副词，应该放在“be后，实前，助实间”。本句中，have是助动词，seen是实义动词。ThebookisworthtoThebookisworth.【beworthdoing】sth+beworthItisthatwillsucceed.Itiscertainthatwillsucceed.【确信/surecertain（确定的）的主语可为人和物。因此把surecertain.isregardedoneofthealivewriterspresent.isregardedasonethebestlivingwritersatpresent.isregardedasonethebestwritersaliveatpresent.alive,（alive可以作后置定语isregardedasoneofthebestwritersaliveatpresent.）35．Idon’tknowthathasfinishedthework-->Idon’tknowwhether/ifhasfinishedthework.本句句义是“不知道做没做完”，所以that改为-->Ididn’tknowthathadfinishedthework.疑问句，already用于肯定句。saidnearlynothingatthemeeting.saidalmostnothingatthemeeting.】nearly不能用于否定句，而almostnearly改为usuallygoesschoolbyhisfather’susuallygoesschoolinhisfather’s表示交通工具：bycar/inthebybycar,bybus,byplane等。如果名词前有其他的词修饰，则应使用除by以外的其他介词。此处把by改为in.PleasewaitatschoolPleasewaitfortheschoolgate.Pleaseawaitattheschoolgate.wait为不及物动词，需加介词forawait是及物动词，可以说Iamawaiting及物动词：后面直接加名词Ilove不及物动词：后面不能直接加名词IgohomegooutcomecomeheregotheregoupstairsgodownstairsgoabroadgohasbeenmarriedBettyformoretwentyhasbeenmarriedBettyforthantwentymarrywithwithto。40．Ifinishedtheworktimeunderthehelpofhim.Ifinishedtheworkontimethehelpofhim.“在…的帮助下”用withunder，其本质是“伴随着某人的帮助”。））inon点tofromfor为（为了/of修饰/intoleave(foroutof出来/over正上方/across平面上/through介质中/with伴随着/by倚靠/复杂工具的复杂使用/被underabovebelowbeneatharoundabout在周围/beyondbetweenamongcanbehomenowbecausethelighthisroomisstillon.mustbehomenowbecausethelightinhisroomisstillon.maymightnotshouldn’tcouldnotcanCandosth?“情态动词”shouldshouldhavedone本应该做某事mustmusthavedone肯定有做了某事吧needcomeherebeforethemeetingbegins.needcomeherebeforethemeetingbegins.【need{实义动词}sb.needtosb.don’tneedsth.sb.needdo？某人需要去做某事吗sthneeddoing某东西需要搞搞sthneeddone某东西需要被搞{情态动词}ThecarneedsThecarneedstosb.needn’tdoNeedsth?need{名词}meetsb’sneedsthisgreatneed某事物处于巨大的需求之中Thereisgreatneedtodosth.存在巨大的需要usedgetveryearlyinthemorning,andnowisstilldoingusedtogetveryearlyinthemorning,butnownotdoingsbtosth.sthtodosb.isdoingsth.于这道题中，usedto用来表示“过去常常做某事而现在不做了改为：butnowhenotdoingso.44．Ineedn’tcomeyesterdaybecausealltheworkhadbeenIneedn’thavecomeyesterdaybecausealltheworkhadbeen【情态动词+havedone=needn'tdo不必做某事（描述现在或将来）needn’thavedone本不必做某事（描述过去）45．hadn’tbetterstayuplatebecausehavetogetupearlyYouhadbetternotstayuptoobecauseyouhavetogetup你最好做某事：youhadbetterdo你最好别做某事：youhadbetternot！do/does（经常/真的是的/老）（曾经当时刚刚）have/hasdone（已经）eg:Ihavewatchedthemovie.diddone（之前之前已经）（（将会）到将来某一时刻就做完了willhavedone（将已经将做完）将来做某事（将会）在某时间点上正在做某事bedoing（正在）（一直）完成时过去时)eg:LiHuihasbeenteachingEnglish(since完成时+sofar/uptonow/uptillnoweg:LiHuihastaughtEnglishforyearsso.overthelastthreeyears/duringthepastseveralweeks/inthelastfewdays+(1)isthethirdtime(thatsb.havedone(2)Sb.havedonesth(for3willbegoingdobetodo/beaboutdosth,and/or（否则）will时间状从/主将从现：Iwillit(ifyouwant主情从现：Icanit(ifyouwantto).主祈从现：Kissme(ifyoulove“时间表”用一般时表示将来：Thenexttraincomesat（火车，飞机，轮船，上学放学，商店开门关门，电影上映）“点动作”用进行时表示将来：Theplaneistakingoff.（come,go,leave,arrive,enter,takeoff,die,end,start,）Tomeatschicken.Tomatechicken.汤姆吃的鸡。/Tomhaseatenchicken.Tomhadeatenchickenbeforedranktea.汤姆喝茶之前吃的鸡。Tomsaidhewouldeatchickenforsupper.汤姆说晚饭要吃鸡。Tomiseatingchicken.汤姆正在吃鸡。Tomhasbeeneatingchicken.Tomwilleatchicken.Tomisgoingtoeatchicken.Tomisabouttoeatchicken.46．Iwilltellheraboutthatwhenshewillcometomorrow.Iwilltellheraboutthat(whenshecomestomorrow).willcomecomes。Themeetingisabouttobeginintenminutes.Themeetingisgoingtobegintenminutes.Themeetingwillbeginintenminutes.Themeetingisbeginningtenbeabouttointenminutes去掉或者把beabout改成begoingbegin/willbegin/isbeginning。Theboyopenedeyesforamoment,lookingthecaptainandthendied.Theboyopenedhiseyesforamoment,lookedatthecaptainandthendied.一堆谓语动词的并列（表动作顺承）此处looklooking改为looked。类似的还有：IwasadmittedtoTsinghuaUniversityin2015,havestudiedforthreeyearsandgraduatenextyear.49．IhaveboughtthisbikefortenyearsandIamstillusingitnow.IhavehadthisbikefortenyearsandIamstillusingnow.for改为kept或had。50．Ihaven’tlearnedanyEnglishbeforeIcamehere.Ihadn’tlearnedanyEnglishbeforeIcamehere.发生在did及物动词不及物动词以使用被动语态，如：Thebedison.Thetwothieveshavebeendisappeared.Thetwothieveshavebeendisappeared.disappearbeenThebuildingbuiltnowwillourteachingThebuildingbeingbuiltnowwillbeourteaching这里的“现在正在被建的”，是一个非谓语动词，且应使用被动语态的进行态，因此在built前加being。isbeingoperatedthefamousisbeingoperatedonthefamousoperate在主动句中应该这样使用：Thedoctoroperatingonsb.“给…做手术”应为operatesboperatedon。54．IwonderifthedoctorhasbeenIwonderthedoctorhasbeensent.forsendforthedoctor“派人besentforThebookwrittenhimissoldThebookwrittenhimsells说一本书畅销是指书本身的属性，因此不用被动语态。本句应改为：Thebookwrittenhimsellswell.类似的还有：Thiskindpencilwritessmoothly.ThishistorybookworthyThishistorybookisworthThishistorybookisworthyofbeingread.Thishistorybookisworthytoread.beworthbeworthyofbeingbeworthybe因此本句应该为：Thishistorybookisworthy【7””totobehavinghavingbeenbeing如果非谓语前面有名词，则非谓语就在描述这个名词；如果非谓语前面没有名词，则非谓语在描述主句主语。非谓语动词描述的这个名词叫做非谓语动词的逻辑主语”Smiling,died.Beaten,JerryfeltJerrybeaten,feltJerrybeaten：独立主格结构=名词+Weallfelthappy正常的句子=名词Wearegoingtoabouttheproblemdiscussingatthelastmeeting.Wearegoingtoabouttheproblemdiscussedatthelastmeeting.discussing改为discussed。这个语法点可称为“过去Thegirldressedherselfinredmysister.Thegirldressedherselfinredismysister.dressedinred表示“被穿上了红色的衣服”Beingseriouslyill,hisclassmateshimtobeingseriouslyill,hisclassmatessenthimto如果非谓语动词前面没有任何名词，则其逻辑主语应为这句话主句的主语。于是原句应翻译为“他的同学病得很重，却把他送去住院”这显然是不合理的。所以，此句正确的意思应为“他病了，他的同学把他送去住院”。因此把前半句改为：beingseriouslyill,...Havingnotseenformanyyears,couldhardlyrecognizeher.Nothavingseenherformanyyears,couldhardlyrecognizeher.任何非谓语动词的否定都是直接把notNothavingseenherformanySeeingfromthespace,theearthlikeaSeenfromthespace,theearthlookslikeaSeeing改为Seen。Englishiseasytolearnit.Englishiseasylearnit.English已经是learnit就会感觉冗余，所以把it63．IwillgetsomebodyrepairtherecorderforIwillgetsomebodytorepairtherecorderforyou.Iwillhavesomebodyrepairtherecorderforyou.letdomakesbhavesbdogetto因此在repair前加toget改成have。Shedecidedworkharderinordernotfallbehindtheothers.Shedecidedworkharderinordernotfallbehindtheothers.注意：任何非谓语动词的否定都是直接把not放在非谓语动词之前。所以“不落后于别人”要写成“nottofallbehindtheothers搭配：inorderinordernottodosth。It’sbetterlaughthancrying.It’sbetterlaughthantocry.It’sbetterlaughingthancrying.不定式It’sbettertolaughtocry或It’sbetterlaughingthanIt’snousetoforthedoctor.It’susesendingforthedoctor.It’snousedoing，所以把send改为sending。Shepracticesplaythepianoafterschooleveryday.Shepracticesplayingthepianoafterschooleveryday.【什么后面加todo，什么后面加doing】词之前，用doing.enjoyfinishdoingpracticedoinglikedoingkeepstopdoing(停止正在干的事儿)forgetdoing(忘记已经做过)rememberdoing(记得做过某事)refusetowanttoexpecttostoptodo(停下来去干某事)forgettodo()remembertodo()pretendWhentheteachercamein,hestoppedlisteningtheteacher.Whentheteachercamein,hetolistentheteacher.stopdoingstoptodo所以后半句应该为：hestoppedtolistentheteacher.主语从句宾语从句表语从句(ThatHuihandsome)isWeallknow(thatHuiis.Thefactis(thatHuiis.同位语从句fact(thatHuiishandsome)连词”Iknow(thatHuiishandsome).Iwonder(if/whetherHuiishandsome).连接副词when的那个时间where的那个地方why的那个原因how的那个方式多么/eg:Idon’tknow_when/where/how/why/whether/if_he连接代词who的那个人whom的那个人which哪个what什么/eg:Idon’tknow_who/whom/which/what_ever-WearetalkingaboutifthisplanshouldbecarriedWearetalkingaboutwhetherthisplanshouldcarriedIf和whether都可以引导动词的宾语从句。但如果从句做的是介词的宾语，只能用whether，而不能用if。所以此处把if改为whether。的主语从句不ornotto搭配。Iwonder(ifJerryisItpuzzles(ifJerryis70．IcannotdecidestayIcannotdecidewhetherstayor只有whether才能和to及ornotif改为whether。MysuggestiontryforasecondMysuggestiontryforasecond表语从句的引导词如为that前加上that。Whattheprofessorsaynotknownyet.(Whattheprofessorwillsay)isnotknownyet.天下一切从句的语序都是陈述句语序。因此应改为：Whattheprofessorwillsayisnotknownyet.73．Iwillgounlessheinvitesme.Iwillgoheinvitesme.Iwon'tgounlessinvites此句意为“”而unless相当于ifnot,Iwon’tunlessinvitesme.或者Iwillinvites74．Althoughhetried,buthestillcouldn’tkeepuptheothers.Althoughhetried,buthestillcouldn’tkeepthealthough和but不能同时用在一句话中，原则上去掉任何一个都可以，但是为了保证句首字母大写，我们在这句话中去掉but。75．Iwon’tstayuntilcomesback.Iwillstayuntilhecomesback.Iwon'tleaveuntilhecomes“Auntil”表示的是“A事件一直延续一直延续一直延续到B事件的发生，就A事件是一个“短暂性动词”时，一般要在A个notIwon’tentertheroomuntil6:00.表示“我不进屋”的状态要延续到6:006Istayuntilhecomesback.或Iwon’tleaveuntilhecomesback.前者表示的意思是“我会待着”这件事会延续到他回来才结束；后“evenifeventhoughas就好像asonlyifassoonbeforelong=在long之前=在“经过了好长时间”之前=还没过多久longbefore=long+before=Iwillcomebackbeforelong.Istayedherelongbefore.我待过这里））他的）他它们）i.逗号和介词后不用thatii.逗号后：人用who，物用iii.介词后：人用whom，物用）那会儿）在那儿）之所以orphanisachildwho’sparentsaredead.orphanisachildwhoseparentsaredead.定语从句中表“…的”引导词只有，所以把改为whose。ThisistheverythingIThisistheverythingI人：that可以指代人Huiisateacherwho/thatteaches物：that可以指代物Englishisalanguagewhich/thatisonly/very/first/last/best/allthatHuiistheonly/first/bestteacher(canmakeEnglishsoeasy).。Iknowsomething(thatisinteresting).避：如果上文用过who/which，则后面的定从用thatWhothethatis？人物：如果先行词即有人又有物，则后面的定从用thatIstillrememberthepeopleandthings(thatImet)(whenIwasThisisthecarforthatIpaidahighThisisthecarforwhichIpaidathatwhowhich；介词后，人用，物用which。SheisoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheSheisoneofthestudents(whohavepassedtheSheistheonlyoneofthestudents(haspassedtheonetheonlyof+theonlyone。ThisistheplacewherevisitedlastThisistheplacethatvisitedlast定语从句的先行词用关系代词还是关系副词要看定语从句中缺不缺主语或宾语，把where改为which或that。I,whoyourfriend,canunderstandyou.I,whoamyourfriend,canunderstandyou.定语从句的谓语动词应与其先行词保持一致，因此把is改为am。Chinaisadevelopingcountry,thatisknowntoChinaisadevelopingcountry,whichknownthatwhich（ThepoetandareinvitedtoaspeechattheThepoetandwriterisinvitedgiveaspeechatthepoet和writer共用一个冠词，指的是一个人身兼二职，所以谓语动词应为单数。把are改为is.oneexceptmyparentsknowone(exceptmyparents)knows这里的exceptparents是noone.所以把know改为knowsbut除了）,,,,,wellas（和）等等。YourclothesisonthetableoverYourclothesarethetableoverclothes为复数句词，谓语动词应为复数。把改为are。Thenumberofthestudentsthatschoolareaboutonethousand.Thenumber(ofthestudents)(inthatschool)aboutthousand.的主语为number而不是students。因此把are改为is。thenumberof”指的是“anumberof”相aXXXXXXTheclasswatchingwhenIenteredtheroom.TheclasswerewatchingwhenIenteredtheroom.看电视的，应该是全班同学，所以应看为复数，故谓语动词用werewatching。Thepopulationofourcountryareincreasingslowlynow.Thepopulation(ofourcountry)isincreasingslowlynow.population单独作主语时，谓语动词经常用单数，表示的是人口的“数字”，所以areis；但如果其前有分数或百分数，而且后面又有复数名词时，表示的是百分之多少的“人口”，此时谓语动词用复数。如：OnefifthoftheChinesepopulationareworkers.正常语序：主语在前+谓语在后完全倒装：谓语在前+主语在后（1）地点词/now/then+谓语+Herecomesthethetablelies（主语Nevershouldyouquarrelwithyour（3）So+adj/adv+助动词主语谓语+thatSouglydoesJerrylookthatareall（4）+状语+助动词主语Onlydoingso