2024北京八一学校高一(上)期中英语（教师版）

第1页/共1页2024北京八一学校高一(上)期中英语(考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：100分)2024.11第一部分：知识运用(共两节，32分)第一节完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。SamwasamotherlessboywholivedwithhisfatherCurtis.ToSam,hisfatherwashisheroandtheonlysoulwithwhomhefelt____1____andconnectedintheworld.Thoughuneducatedandpoor,Curtisrecognizedandcultivatedhisson’s____2____inwordslikeitwasthemostimportantthingintheworld.HewouldtakeSamtothepubliclibraryeveryday.WhenfatesuddenlytookCurtisawayfromSam,thekidbecamehomelessandwithdrawnfromeveryoneandeverything.Heevencouldn’treadasinglepagewithout____3____ateverysentence.Soheturnedtowritinginstead.Andwithintwomonths,theboyusedupsixnotebookstowritehisthoughtsinnotesandpoetry.Oneday,Mr.Murray,afatheroftwoboys,____4____Samsittingoutsideacafe,grippinghisstomachinhunger,tearsstreamingdownhisface.HetookSamhome,____5____him,andtuckedhimupinbed.ThenhelookedthroughSam’sbag,hopingtofindsomenumberhecouldcall.Instead,hefoundSam’sdiary.Hereadthroughpageafterpageofwhatthel1-year-oldhadbeengoingthrough,tryingtocryin____6____.WhenSamwokeup,hefoundhisbooks____7____arrangedonashelf,hisclothesputawayinalaundrybag,andthepictureofhisfatherputinabeautifulframeandplacedonthestudytable.“Thisisyourhome.Youcanhaveallthebooksyouwant.Iwilldriveyoutoandfromschooleverydaywithmyboys.Nothingwillstopyoufrompursuingyourdreams,”Mr.Murraysaid,acceptingSam’s____8____hug.Fromthatdayon,Sam’slifewasneverthesame.Readingandwritingnevergotapartfromhim.Hebecameoutgoingand____9____aconfidentpersonality.WiththeloveandsupportofMr.Murray,hefollowedhisheartandstudied_____10_____inuniversity.BythetimeSamwas30,hewastheownerofasuccessfulpublishinghouse.1.A.safe B.stressed C.excited D.anxious2.A.inspiration B.interest C.habit D.imagination3.A.showingoff B.givingup C.calmingdown D.breakingdown4.A.kept B.felt C.spotted D.prevented5.A.fed B.taught C.dragged D.pleased6.A.horror B.silence C.relief D.desperation7.A.neatly B.hurriedly C.wisely D.naturally8.A.polite B.tearful C.welcoming D.comforting9.A.replaced B.described C.developed D.strengthened10.A.science B.gymnastics C.education D.literature第二节语法练习(共17小题；每小题1分，共17分)Part1请根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。(每小题1分，共6分)11.Thatsmellr______meofmygrandmother.(根据首字母单词拼写)12.Afterfinishingthemarathon,shefeltagreatsenseof______(满足，满意).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)13.Tosavetime,hetooka______(捷径)throughthepark.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)14.Theunderdogteammanagedtod______thefavoritesinthechampionshipgame.(根据首字母单词拼写)15.Heq______hisjobtopursuehisdreamofbecomingawriter.(根据首字母单词拼写)16.Playingsportscanr______stressandanxiety.(根据首字母单词拼写)Part2请阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。(每小题1分，共11分)A请阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空ThemostpopularmartialartstodayoriginatedinChina.Karate(空手道)wasderivedfromFujianProvince.Inthe14thcentury,acommunityofChinesemigrantsfromFujian___17___(settle)inwhatwasthenthekingdomofOkinawa.TheChinesemigrantsusedtogatherinaparktoenjoyculturalactivities—oneof___18___waskungfu.Thissooncaughttheattentionoflocalyouths,___19___startedlearningkungfu.Besides,theveryfirstKoreanmilitary___20___(base)onaChineseversion,too.B请阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空PaulandIwereonthesamebasketballteam.WebothlovedbasketballandwerebothhugefansoftheNBA.PaulusedBoguesashis___21___(inspire)whileIpreferredLeBronJames.Althoughwehavedifferentidols,weagreethatourfavoriteplayersarebothchampions.Actually,Paulwasahard-workingboy.Ourcoachwasnotsosure.So,hewasusuallyonthebenchasa___22___(replace).Oneday,ourteamwasplayingourcompetitors,TheBears,ateam___23___recordwasperfect.Weallagreedthatitwouldbeatoughone.Inthecompetition,aplayerandIcrashedintoeachother.I___24___(feel)toopainfulinmykneetoplay.So,IrecommendedPaultoourcoach.Atthattime,ourcoachhadnochoicebuttoletPaulhaveatry.Andclearly,alltheextrahoursthathe___25___(spend)practicingalonepaidoff.Theotherteamjustcouldn’tkeepupwithhisenergyandspeed.Hemadeshotaftershot,andthecrowdcouldn’tstop___26___(clap)andcheering.Atlast,we___27___(win)thegameandPaulearnedhisplaceontheteam.第二部分：阅读理解(共48分)第一节(共19小题；每小题2分，共38分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIfyou’relookingtobuyagiftforyourchildren,whynotkeepupwiththetrendandgetthebesthoverboard?WhatisaHoverboard?Ahoverboardisatwo-wheeledpersonaltransportationdevice.It’selectrical,portableandbecamehighlypopularin2015inreferencetoapopular1980’smovie.Typically,thisself-balancingdeviceoperateslikeapoweredskateboard.HowDoesaHoverboardWork?Thedevicemayhavemanydesigns,butthemechanismitselfisn’tcomplicated.Basically,astandardhoverboardcontains:·Battery:storestheelectricalpower.Almostallhoverboardsuseahigh-wattlithium-ionbattery.·Gyroscope(oneforeachwheel):allowsriderstotilt(倾斜)thehoverboardwhilemaintainingbalanceandadjustingtheirdirection.·Motor(oneineachwheel):providesthepowertothewheelstokeeptheriderbalancedandupright.·Logicboard:functionsasthehoverboardbrain.Itprocessesdata—yourspeed,tilt,etc.—andsendsinformationtothemotors.Thisunitcontrolsthepoweroftheboardsoriderscanadjusttheirspeed.Alltheabovecomponentsworktogethertocontrolthepowerandtiltofthehoverboardssotheriderisbalanced,uprightandmovingatacontrolledspeed.WhyBuyaHoverboard?Undoubtedly,hoverboardsarecool.You’veprobablyseenkidsridingonearoundthehouse.They’reaphenomenonandeverybodywantsin.So,whydenyyourkidsandpreventthemfrombeingpartofthistrend?Whereisahoverboardlegal?Despitetheirwildpopularity,hoverboardshaveyettobecome“street-legal”.Currently,someplacesprohibitanyoneunder16fromusingthesedevices,andhoverboardsarebannedinacademicinstitutionsandpublicplaces,likecampusbuildings,parks,shoppingmallsandsubwaystations.Someplaceshavealsoputspeedlimitsonthedevicesandrestrictedtheirusetobikepaths.However,openareas—includingyouryard—arefreeoftheserestrictions.28.Thelogicboardofahoverboardcan______.A.receivedataandgivecommand B.powerthewheelsC.sendinformationtotheriders D.storeelectricity29.Accordingtothepassage,ahoverboardcanbeused______.A.onbikepaths B.inparks C.oncampus D.inshoppingmalls30.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Toevaluateagift’squality. B.Tocomparenewhoverboardmodels.C.Torecommendagiftchoice. D.Toclarifyfunctionsofthelatesthoverboards.BWhentheCOVID-19pandemicforcedthetowninManton,Michigantoshutdown,ScottChittledecidedthatthecommunityneededasafeplacetocometogether,andsomethingtobringsomejoyduringtheboringwintermonths.Andwhatisabetteroutdooractivitytogetpeopleoutsideinthecoldthaniceskating?Inordertomakehisdreamareality,ChittlesearchedtheInternetforvideosonhowtobuildanicerink(溜冰场).Heorderedalarge3,000squarefoottarp(防水帆布)onlineandboughtsomewoodtocreatethewalls.Ittook12firetrucksfromthelocalfiredepartmenttogetenoughwatertofilltheplot.IttookalittletimeasChittlewentdoortodoortoconvincepeopletocomeandseehiscreation,andsoonChittle’sbackyardicerinkbecameaMantonhotspot.ParentsjoinedintohelpChittlebuysecond-handskatesandhockeysticksfortheneighborhoodchildren.Soonenough,thechildrenwereskatingandshooting.“Wekeptseeingmorethingsdonated.Itwasfantasticbecausethewholecommunityjustcametogether.ItwasamazinghoweverybodyworkedtogetherbecauseofScott.”saysneighborAudreyHooker.Skaterswerewelcometocomeatanytime.AndeachSaturdayfrom4p.m.until8p.m.,dozensofchildrenandtheirparentsgatheredattheicerinkforskateparties.Thechildrenwhohadbeenconfinedtotheirhomesforalmostayearlaughedandshoutedwithjoywhileskatingaroundtherink.Parentsgatheredaroundfeelingreliefthattheirchildrenhadfoundapurposeagain.Itbecameaweeklyeventthatneighborscouldlookforwardtoanditofferedaplaceforpeopletoseeeachotherinasociallydistancedway.Butthekindnessdidn’tstopwithChittle.Whenthecommunityheardhowmuchmoneyheusedtomakethisprojecthappen,everyonehelped.Afundraiserbroughtinabout$1,300,andletterssenttoChittle’shomestuffedwithcashbroughtinanadditional$1,500,coveringallofthecostswithmoneytospare.Companiesbegansendingsuppliesfornextyear’sicerinkincludingoutdoorlights,asnowsweepingmachineandshovels.“Thishasbeenacommunitything,”explainsChittle.“It’snotjustme.Iwanttoshowtherestoftheworldwhatalittleeffort,thebestintentions,andcommunitycandonotonlyforothersbutforthesoulsofall.”31.WhydidChittlebuildabackyardicerink?A.Toorganizeskateparties. B.Toshowoffhiscreativity.C.Togetsomemoneyandoutdoorsupplies. D.Toofferasafesocialplaceandsomefun.32.Whatdidtheparentsdotohelpwiththeicerink?A.Filledtheicerinkwithwater. B.RaisedmoneyforChittle.C.Boughtskatesandhockeysticks. D.Convincedpeopletocome.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.TheicerinkisonlyopentochildrenonSaturday.B.Thewholecommunitycontributedtotheicerink.C.Chittlemademuchmoneyafterbuildingtheicerink.D.TheparentsfeltreliefbecauseChittletookcareoftheirchildren.34.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeScottChittle?A.Honestandfriendly. B.Carefulandconfident.C.Humorousandpolite. D.Kindanddevoted.CAscollegesportscontinuetobehugelypopularandtheNationalCollegiateAthleticAssociation(NCAA)bringsinlargeamountsofmoney,peoplehaverestartedthedebateonwhethercollegeathletesshouldgetpaid.Supportersoftheideabelievethat,becausecollegeathletesarebringinginaudiences,theyshouldreceivesomesortofcompensation(补偿).Infact,theNCAAbringsinabout$1billionincomeayear,butcollegeathletesdon’treceiveanyofthatmoneyintheformofapaycheck.Additionally,peoplewhobelievecollegeathletesshouldbepaidstatethatpayingcollegeathleteswillactuallyencouragethemtoremainincollegelongerandnotturnprofessionalsasquickly,eitherbygivingthemawaytobeginearningmoneyincollegeorrequiringthemtosignacontract(合同)sayingthey’llstayattheuniversityforacertainnumberofyearswhilemakinganagreed-uponsalary.Peoplewhoargueagainsttheideaofpayingcollegeathletesbelievethepracticecouldbedisastrousforcollegesports.Payingathleteswouldturncollegesportsintoabidding(竞拍)war,whereonlytherichestschoolscouldaffordtopathletes,andmostschoolswouldbeshutoutfromdevelopingatalentedteam.Itcouldalsoharmthecamaraderiewithinmanycollegeteamsifplayersbecomeunhappythatcertainteammatesaremakingmoremoneythantheyare.Thoseagainstpayingcollegeathletesalsobelievethattheathletesarereceivingenoughbenefitsalready.Thetopathletesreceivescholarshipsthatareworthtensofthousandsperyear.Theyreceivefreefoodandtextbooks,gettravelbonusesandfreeequipment,andcanusetheirtimeincollegeasawaytoattracttheattentionofprofessionalcoaches.Noothercollegestudentsreceiveanywherenearasmuchfromtheirschools.Whilebothsideshavegoodpoints,it’sclearthatthenegativesofpayingcollegeathletesfaroutweighthepositives.Collegeathleteshavebeencompensatedenough.Addingasalarywouldresultinacollegeathleticsystemwhereonlyafewathletesarepaidbysomeschoolswhoenterbiddingwarstosignthemup,whilemoststudentathleticsandcollegeathleticprogramssufferorevenshutdownforlackofmoney.Continuingtoofferthepresentbenefitstostudentathletesmakesitpossibleforasmanypeopletobenefitfromandenjoycollegesportsaspossible.35.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatcollegeathletes________.A.haveearnedwhattheyarepromisedB.tendtoservecollegelongerwhenpaidC.shouldsignacontracttomakeanagreed-uponsalaryD.prefertostayatuniversityratherthanturnprofessionals36.Theunderlinedword“camaraderie”inParagraph3issimilarto“________”.A.friendship B.competition C.spirit D.communication37.Peopleagainstpayingcollegeathletesbelieve________.A.schoolswouldbeunabletoafforditB.itcouldbeharmfultocollegesportsC.noothercollegestudentsreceivebenefitsD.studentswouldvaluepaymentsoverachievements38.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspayingcollegeathletes?A.Uncertain. B.Satisfied. C.Unsupportive. D.Expectant.DAttheheartofpsychologyisunderstandingbehavior,andunderstandingbehaviorhasmuchtodowithunderstandingthebrain.Neuroscientists(神经系统科学家)havebecomemoreefficientatmappingthebrainandhavegainedmoreunderstandingofhowthebraindevelopsandworks.Truly,differencesinbehaviorasweageandbetweengenders,aremostlikelyexplainedbythephysicalstateofandchangesinourbrains.Aroundtheageof12,itisbelievedthattheareasofthebrainthatareusedmostwillbestrengthenedandcellsinthebrainthatarenotusedtendtodie.Whatyoudowithyourbraininyourteenyearsprobablydecideshowyourbrainwillworkfortherestofyourlife.IfateenspendsendlesshourswatchingTV,theneuralconnectionsthathelpthebrainprocessTVarewhatwillbestrengthened.Itisclear,therefore,thathowyoungpeoplespendtheirtimeisofgreatimportance.Surprisingly,anddifferentfromearlierbeliefs,thebrainisstilldevelopingevenintheearlytwenties.Areasofthebrainthatarerelatedtoemotion,decisionmaking,reasoning,andproblemsolvingarestillnotfullydeveloped.Thismaygosomewaytowardexplainingwhycaraccidentratesinyoungpeoplearesignificantlyhigherthanthoseamongolderpeople.Youngpeopledon’thavethenecessaryskillstomakecomplexjudgmentswhiledriving.Therearealsodifferencesinthewaybrainsdevelopwhenitcomestogender.Itappearsthatgirlsarereadytoprocessmorechallenginginformationearlierthanboys,withtheareaofthebrainresponsibleforthisactivitypeakingattheageof14to16inboys,afulltwoyearslaterthangirls.Inaddition,studieshaveshownthatgirlsandboysprocesslanguageinputindifferentpartsoftheirbrains.Girlstypicallytendtodobetterthanboysinlanguage,whichmeansthattheyhavemorebrainmatterresponsibleforlanguageskills.Thiskindofresearchraisesimportantquestionsabouthowboysandgirlsshouldbetaughtinschooltomaximize(使最大化)theirlearning.Forexample,theideaofsingle-sexeducationshouldperhapsbetakenintoconsideration.Expertssaythatwewoulddowelltorevisitthetimingofthesubjectstaughtinschool,assomepartsofthebraindevelopbeforeothers.Additionally,whatweunderstandabouttheteenagebrainshouldperhapsbetakenintoconsiderationwhenlawsarebeingmadewithregardtotheminimum(最低的)drivingage.39.Accordingtothepassage,youngpeoplearemorelikelytohavecaraccidentsbecause_______.A.theyfailtorealizetheimportanceofskillsB.theydon’thavethenecessaryskillsindrivingC.certainareasintheirbrainsarenotfullydevelopedD.theirbrainstendtobeinfluencedbytheiremotions40.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Earlierbeliefsshowthebrainisstilldevelopingintheearlytwenties.B.Girlsarebetteratlanguagebecausetheyaredevotedtolanguagelearning.C.Howpeoplespendtheirtimewhenthey’reteenagersaffectstheirfuturelife.D.Gendermakesnodifferencewhenitcomestothephysicalstateofthebrain.41.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat________.A.single-sexeducationmaybenefitteenagersB.thetimewhenschoolstartsshouldbeputoffC.lawmakerswilllowertheminimumdrivingageD.thenumberofsubjectsinschoolmightbechanged42.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.AgeandtheBrain B.GendersandtheBrainC.MappingtheBrain D.TheDevelopingBrainETheUSscientistswhocreatedthefirstlivingrobotssaythelifeforms,knownasxenobots,cannowreproduce—andinawaynotseeninplantsandanimals.XenobotsareformedfromthestemcellsoftheAfricanclawedfrog(Xenopuslaevis),fromwhichittakesitsname.“Frogshaveawayofreproducingthattheynormallyuse,butwhenyouliberatethestemcellsfromtheembryo(胚胎)andyougivethemachancetofigureouthowtobeinanewenvironment,notonlydotheyfigureoutanewwaytomove,buttheyalsofigureoutapparentlyanewwaytoreproduce,”saidMichaelLevin,aprofessorofbiologyatTuftsUniversity,whowasco-leadauthorofthenewresearch.Stemcellsareunspecializedcellsthathavetheabilitytodevelopintodifferentcelltypes.Tomakethexenobots,theresearchersremovedlivingstemcellsfromfrogembryosandleftthemtodevelop.“Mostpeoplethinkofrobotsasbeingmadeofmetal,butit’snotsomuchwhatarobotismadefrombutwhatitdoes,whichisactonitsownonbehalfofpeople,”saidJoshBongard,acomputerscienceprofessorandroboticsexpertattheUniversityofVermontandleadauthorofthestudy.“Inthatway,it’sarobot,butit’salsoclearlyanorganismmadefromfrogcells.”Theresearchersfoundthatthexenobotscouldreplicate(自我复制).Butithappenedrarelyandonlyinspecificcircumstances.Thexenobotsused“kineticreplication”—aprocessthatisknowntooccuratthemolecular(分子)level.Withthehelpofartificialintelligence,theresearchersthentestedbillionsofbodyshapestomakethexenobotsmoreeffectiveatthistypeofreplication.ThesupercomputercameupwithaC-shapethatlookedlikePac-Man,the1980svideogame.Theyfounditwasabletofindtinystemcells,gatherhundredsoftheminsideitsmouth,andafewdayslaterthepackofcellsbecamenewxenobots.“TheAIdidn’tprogramthesemachinesinthewayweusuallythinkaboutwritingcode.ItshapedandsculptedandcameupwiththisPac-Manshape,”Bongardsaid.“Theshapeis,inessence,theprogram.Theshapeinfluenceshowthexenobotsbehavetospeedupthisincrediblysurprisingprocess.”Thexenobotsareveryearlytechnology-thinkofa1940scomputer—anddon’tyethaveanypracticalapplications.However,thiscombinationofmolecularbiologyandartificialintelligencecouldpotentiallybeusedinmanytasksinthebodyandtheenvironment.Thismayincludethingslikecollectingmicroplasticsintheoceans,inspectingrootsystemsandregenerativemedicine.“Therearemanythingsthatarepossibleifwetakeadvantageofthiskindofplasticityandabilityofcellstosolveproblems,”Bongardsaid.43.AccordingtoJoshBongard,arobotshouldbedefinedintermsof______.A.itsfunction B.itsreliability C.itsappearance D.itsmaterial44.Whatcanwelearnaboutxenobotsfromthepassage?A.Xenobotshavecopiedstemcellsusingcomputerprograms.B.Specializedcellsplayakeyroleinthereplicationofxenobots.C.AImakesitpossibleforxenobotstoreplicatemoreeffectively.D.Theshapeofxenobotswasinspiredfromavideogameinthe1980s.45.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsfutureapplicationsofxenobots?A.Disapproving. B.Optimistic. C.Unconcerned. D.Objective.46.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Wheredoestheunnaturalreplicationprocesslead?B.Arcxenobotsthefutureofartificialintelligence?C.TheuncertainroleofrobotreproductionD.Factorfantasy?Robotscanreproduce第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。MovetotheMusicMusichelpsusexercise,butwhydoesithavethiseffect?____47____Thefirstissimple:Musicdistractsus.Whenwelistentoasongwelike,ourbrainpaysattentiontothemusic.Forexample,afterweexercisefor20minutes,ourbodymightbetired.Butwemaynotfeelthisimmediatelywhilelisteningtomusic.Soweexercisealittlelonger.Musicalsomotivatesus.Whenweheardancemusic,forexample,wenaturallystarttomovetothebeat.Anupbeatsongalsoputsusinagoodmood,sowefeelhappier.Thisgivesusenergyandhelpsusexerciselonger.____48____Songsintherangeof120-140beatsperminute(BPM)arethebest,sayssportspsychologistDr.CostasKarageorghis.____49____.ItsleadingresearcherFritzput61peopleinsmallgroups.Theyallthenexercisedtwice.Onetime,eachgroupworkedoutwhilelisteningtomusicforsixminutes.Anothertime,theyexercisedforsixminutesonspecialJymminmachines.ThenameJymminisacombinationof“jamming"and“gym.”Usingthesemachines,eachgroupmademusicastheymoved.Theexercisersbecamethecomposersandthemachinesbecametheirinstruments.Intheend,53ofthe61peoplesaidthesamething:TheyfeltlesstiredwhentheyexercisedontheJymminmachines.____50____HowdoesFritzexplainthis?MaybepeopledidbetterontheJymminmachinesbecausetheyhadmorecontrol,hesays.Peoplecreatedthebeat.Theycouldmakeitgofasterorslower.Also,theactivitywassocial.Eachgroupwasmakingmusictogetherandhavingfun.FritzbelievesthatJymminexercisemayhaveotheradvantages,too.____51____Forexample,itmaybeevenagoodwaytotreatdepression.A.Expertssaytherearetwomainreasons.B.Thisalsohelpsrelaxourbodyandbrain.C.Musicwithaquickandsteadybeatisgoodforexercising,D.Hewantstofindoutifitcanhelpwithmoreseriousconditions.E.Heexpectstotakeadvantageofittotapintopeople’spotential.F.Anewstudysuggeststhisisonlypartoftheexplanation,however.G.Whentheyexerciseandmakemusic,workingoutseemstobeeasier.第三部分：书面表达(共20分)根据中文提示和所给的关键词，将下列句子翻译成英文。(共5小题；每小题4分，共20分)52.他的父母认为他有能力靠自己解决这个问题。(capable)(汉译英)_______________________________________________________________53.所有的汗水和辛勤工作最终都是值得的，其他一切都不能给我们更多成就感。(worth)(汉译英)_______________________________________________________________54.任何情绪低落的人都可以去跑步让自己振作起来。(定语从句)(汉译英)_______________________________________________________________55.跑前热身和跑后放松非常重要，能确保我们不会受伤。(important)(汉译英)_______________________________________________________________56.Jim厌倦了待在室内，他渴望去徒步旅行。(desire)(汉译英)_______________________________________________________________

参考答案第一部分：知识运用(共两节，32分)第一节完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.C5.A6.B7.A8.B9.C10.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是失去双亲的男孩山姆在好心人默里的帮助和呵护下成为更好的自己，也取得了事业上的成功。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对山姆来说，父亲就是他的英雄，也是这个世界上唯一让他感到安全、有羁绊的人。A.safe安全的；B.stressed焦虑不安的；C.excited兴奋的；D.anxious焦急的。由上文“hisfatherwashishero”提到山姆的父亲是山姆的英雄可知，父亲能够让山姆感到安全。故选A项。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管柯蒂斯没有文化，也很穷，但他懂得去培养他儿子对文字的兴趣，仿佛文字就是世界上最重要的事物。A.inspiration灵感；B.interest兴趣；C.habit习惯；D.imagination想象力。one’sinterestinsth.意为“对……的兴趣”；ahabitofsth.意为“……的习惯”。由设空处后面的介词“in”以及语意可知，此处是指柯蒂斯培养儿子对文字的兴趣。故选B项。【3题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：甚至他要是不把每个句子都作拆分，就会连一页都看不懂。A.showingoff炫耀；B.givingup放弃；C.calmingdown冷静下来；D.breakingdown分解，拆分。由上文“WhenfatesuddenlytookCurtisawayfromSam,thekidbecamehomelessandwithdrawnfromeveryoneandeverything.”提到由于山姆的父亲去世了，山姆变得无家可归，脱离外界可知，当时山姆很难看得进书，需要把每个句子作拆分才读得懂。故选D项。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，两个孩子的父亲默里先生发现山姆坐在咖啡屋外面，饿着肚子，泪流满面。A.kept保持；B.felt感受；C.spotted发现；D.prevented防止。结合语意与下文“HetookSamhome”（他带山姆回家）可知，此处是指默里一家发现了山姆饿着肚子坐在咖啡屋外。故选C项。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他带山姆回家，给他食物，哄他睡觉。A.fed喂食；B.taught教授；C.dragged拖，拉；D.pleased使高兴。由上文“grippinghisstomachinhunger”提到无家可归的山姆肚子很饿可知，默里带山姆回家后会给他食物。故选A项。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一页一页地读着这个11岁孩子的遭遇，尽量不哭出声来。A.horror恐惧；B.silence沉默；C.relief宽慰；D.desperation绝望。结合语意，默里读着山姆写的日记，为山姆的遭遇所动容，且由设空处前的“tryingto”可以推知，默里哭的时候想要尽量不哭出声来。故选B项。【7题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：山姆醒来后，发现自己的书整洁地放在书架上，自己的衣服放在洗衣袋里，他父亲的照片也装进了一个漂亮的相框里，放在书桌上。A.neatly整洁地；B.hurriedly匆忙地；C.wisely明智地；D.naturally自然地。结合语意，由下文“hisclothesputawayinalaundrybag,andthepictureofhisfatherputinabeautifulframeandplacedonthestudytable”提到山姆的衣服放进洗衣袋里，父亲的照片也装好放在书桌上可知，他的东西被默里处理得很好，所以他的书也应该会被整洁地放在书架上。故选A项。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这是你的家。你想要什么书就有什么书。我会每天开车载你和我的孩子们一起去上下学。任何东西都阻挡不了你去追求你的梦想。”默里说。山姆含泪给了他一个拥抱。A.polite礼貌的；B.tearful含泪的；C.welcoming（对来访或到达的人）欢迎的，热情友好的；D.comforting令人欣慰的。结合语意，默里对山姆说的话让山姆很感动，所以山姆含泪相拥，作为回应。故选B项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他变得外向，个性自信。A.replaced替代；B.described描述；C.developed发展，养成；D.strengthened增强。结合语意，由“Hebecameoutgoing”可知山姆后来变得外向起来，由此推知，他也培养了自信的个性。故选C项。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他遵从内心，在大学修读文学。A.science科学；B.gymnastics体育；C.education教育；D.literature文学。由上文“Soheturnedtowritinginstead.Andwithintwomonths,theboyusedupsixnotebookstowritehisthoughtsinnotesandpoetry.”提到山姆写作，把自己的想法写成笔记或是诗歌，由此推知，他遵从内心，修读的应该是文学。故选D项。第二节语法练习(共17小题；每小题1分，共17分)Part1请根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。(每小题1分，共6分)11.【答案】reminds##eminds【详解】考查动词时态。句意：那气味让我想起了我祖母。根据句意“使想起”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词remind，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为thatsmell，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填reminds。12.【答案】satisfaction【详解】考查名词。句意：跑完马拉松后，她感到了极大的满足感。根据汉语提示“满足，满意”可知，此处为名词satisfaction，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填satisfaction。13.【答案】shortcut【详解】考查名词。句意：为了节省时间，他抄近路穿过公园。根据汉语提示“捷径”可知，此处为名词shortcut，作宾语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填shortcut。14.【答案】defeat##efeat【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在冠军赛中，这支不被看好的队伍竟然击败了夺冠热门队伍。根据句意“打败”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词defeat，位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形。故填defeat。15.【答案】quit##uit##quitted##uitted【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他辞去了工作去追求他当作家的梦想。根据句意“放弃，离任”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词quit，陈述过去的事实，使用一般过去时。故填quit/quitted。16.【答案】reduce##educe【详解】考查动词。句意：做运动可以减轻压力和焦虑。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词reduce“减少”。情态动词后接动词原形。故填reduce。Part2请阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。(每小题1分，共11分)【答案】17.settled18.which19.who20.wasbased【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国武术对世界各地武术，尤其是空手道和韩国军事的影响。【17题详解】考查时态。句意：14世纪，一群来自福建的中国移民定居在当时的冲绳王国。分析句子可知，句中缺少谓语，结合时间状语“inthe14thcentury”可知，此处为一般过去时。故填settled。【18题详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国移民过去常常聚集在公园里享受文化活动，其中之一就是功夫。此处为“oneof+复数名词”结构，空处引导定语从句，先行词activities，在从句中作介词of的宾语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。【19题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这很快引起了当地青年的注意，他们开始学习功夫。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词localyouths，在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who引导。故填who。【20题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：此外，最早的韩国军事也是基于中国版本的。分析句子可知，句中缺少谓语，此处描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为theveryf