翻译二级笔译综合能力阅读分类模拟题137

翻译二级笔译综合能力阅读分类模拟题137ReadingComprehension

SofiaCoppola's"LostinTranslation"isafunny,bitterswee（江南博哥）tmoviethatusesculturaldislocationasametaphorforpeoplewhohavegottenlostintheirownlives.ThemoviecontainspricelessslapstickfromBillMurray,finelytunedperformancesbyMurrayandthebeautifulScarlettJohanssonandavisualandauraldesignthatcultivatesaromanticthoughmelancholymood.Inonlyhersecondfeature,Coppolahasmadeapoised,intelligentfilmthatnicelybalanceslaughswithapoignancyrarelyseeninAmericanmovies.IfFocusFeaturesmarkets"LostinTranslation"carefully,thismostoriginalcomedycouldwinaudienceswellbeyondarthouses.

BobHarris(Murray)isagrumpymoviestarintowntoshootawhiskeycommercial.Heisnotonlyplaguedbyjetlagandgloomoveradeterioratingmarriageofmanyyears,heisalsointhemidstofamidlifecrisisthatdampenshisspiritsbutnothiswit.

Charlotte(Johansson),theneglectedwifeofaphotographer,experiencesasimilarair-conditionednightmare.Marriedtwoyears,shealreadyfeelslostintherelationship,unabletoparticipateinherhusband'scareerorpinpointwhatshewantsoutoflife.Whensheventuresintothecity,sheisconfrontedbyadistortedversionofWesternmodernity.

Thesetwopeoplediscovereachotherlateatnightatthebar.Neitheronecansleep.Afriendshipevolvesintheirmutualisolation.

CoppolaseesinTokyo'scrowded,neon-liturbanlandscapeasocietyestrangedfromitsownculture.Thenightisfilledwithpleasure-seekersobsessedbygames,toysandAmericanpopculture.OnlywhenCharlottetakesatraintoKyotoissheabletoexperiencetheoldJapanofancienttemplesandgardens,teahousesandkimono-cladfigures.ThisrolefitsMurraylikehisownskin.Amiddle-agedburnoutwhoseesnochallengesonhishorizongraduallychangesintoamanrevitalizedbyanotheralienatedsoul.Hiscomictouchenrichesthecharacterwithaself-deprecatingwitand.inafewsequences,arubberyphysicalitythatearnssustainedlaughs.JohanssonmakesCharlotte'slonelinessanddisillusionmentpalpableasthewomaniscutofffromlifeinwayssheneverimagined.

Usinghigh-speedfilmstock,cinematographerLanceAcordgivestheglaringneonandnumbinglysleekinteriorsakindofromanticsheen.ThescoreproducedbyBrianReitzellcreatedoutofJapanesemusicalthemesand"Tokyodream-pop"addstothesenseofanEasterncitythathassuccumbedinlargemeasuretoWesternculture.1.

Theword"slapstick"underlinedinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.farceB.soapoperaC.idolplayD.sciencefiction正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第一段段的内容“ThemoviecontainspricelessslapstickfromBillMurray”可知，电影包括毫无价值的闹剧。选项中的A项为“闹剧”符合文意。B项“肥皂剧”，C项“偶像剧”，D项“科幻剧”，这三项均不符合题意。

2.

"Lostintranslation"isamovieabout______.A.acouplewhosoughthappinessinaforeigncountryB.somewesternerskeenonlearningtheorientalcultureC.thefunnyexperiencesofsomefilm-makingcrewinJapanD.peoplewhoselivesgotdisruptedinanalienculture正确答案：D[解析]根据第一段的内容“'LostinTranslation'isafunny,bittersweetmoviethatusesculturaldislocationasametaphorforpeoplewhohavegottenlostintheirownlives.”可知，《迷失东京》中，文化错位只是一个暗喻，这里指的是人在他们自己生活中的迷失，所以D项“在异域文化中人们自己的生活混乱了”符合题意。A项“一对夫妇在国外寻求幸福”，B项“一些西方人热衷于学习东方文化”，C项“一些电影工作人员在日本的有趣经历”，这三项和文中第一段内容不符合。

3.

Theboldfacedword"poignancy"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.happinessB.clarityC.clevernessD.sadness正确答案：D[解析]poignancy的本意是“辛辣；强烈；尖锐；辛酸事”，在文中第一段“Inonlyhersecondfeature,Coppolahasmadeapoised,intelligentfilmthatnicelybalanceslaughswithapoignancyrarelyseeninAmericanmovies.”中的意思是“辛酸事”，所以D项sadness“悲哀”和poignancy的意思比较相近。A项“幸福”，B项“清晰”，C项“聪明”，这三项显然和poignancy的意思不相近。

4.

Theword"grumpy"underlinedinParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.short-temperedB.snippyC.testyD.cranky正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第二段段的内容“BobHarris(Murray)isagrumpymoviestar”可知，他是一个坏脾气的电影明星。选项中的A项为“脾气坏的”符合文意。B项“急躁的”，C项“易怒的”，D项“古怪的”，这三项均不符合题意。

5.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutBobHarris?A.Heisabad-temperedmoviestar.B.Heissadbecauseofhisunhappymarriage.C.Heisabitslowasheisinamidlifecrisis.D.HeisoneofCharlotte'sfriends.正确答案：C[解析]根据第二段的内容“BobHarris(Murray)isagrumpymoviestarintowntoshootawhiskeycommercial.Heisnotonlyplaguedbyjetlagandgloomoveradeterioratingmarriageofmanyyears,heisalsointhemidstofamidlifecrisisthatdampenshisspiritsbutnothiswit.”可知，但这些糟糕的事情并没有减损他的才智，所以C项“因为他处在中年危机中，所以反应有点迟钝”不符合文意，本题选C。A项“他是一位坏脾气的电影明星”，B项“他因为不幸的婚姻比较悲伤”，D项“他是Charlotte的一个朋友”，这三项都符合文意。

6.

Theword"pinpoint"underlinedinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.subscribeexactlyB.knowC.confirmD.pointout正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第三段的内容“BobHarris(Murray)isagrumpymoviestar”可知，他是一个坏脾气的电影明星。选项中的A项为“脾气坏的”符合文意。B项“急躁的”，C项“易怒的”，D项“古怪的”，这三项均不符合题意。

7.

Charlotteseesnohopeinlifebecause______.A.shefeelsalienatedfromherbusyhusbandB.shefeelsunabletostandthehardshipsinJapanC.shehasbeenabandonedbyherhusbandD.shehashadarecurringnightmareaboutherdeath正确答案：A[解析]根据第三段的内容“Marriedtwoyears,shealreadyfeelslostintherelationship,unabletoparticipateinherhusband'scareerorpinpointwhatshewantsoutoflife.”可知，A项“Charlotte觉得她和忙碌丈夫之间的关系很疏远”是她感觉生活无望的原因，所以符合题意。B项“她觉得不能承受日本的艰辛生活”，文中没有提到；C项“她已经被她丈夫抛弃了”，文中说和丈夫关系疏远，并没说被丈夫抛弃；D项“她总是做关于她的死亡的恶梦”，这在文中没有涉及相关内容。

8.

Thetwocharactersinthefilmcanbedescribedas______.A.exhaustedbuthappyB.energeticbutindifferentC.enthusiasticandromanticD.emotionallytiredandlonely正确答案：D[解析]BobHarris和Charlotte是电影中的两个角色，他们的婚姻状况都是不理想的，在糟糕的婚姻关系中感到身心疲惫，他们的内心深处是孤独的。所以D项符合题意。A项“疲惫但是幸福”，B项“精力充沛但是冷漠”，C项“热情浪漫”，这显然和文中对两个人物的描述不符。

9.

Theword"succumbed"underlinedinthelastParagraphrefersto______.A.submittoB.obeyC.resignD.truckle正确答案：A[解析]根据文中最后一段的内容“hassuccumbedinlarge,measuretoWesternculture”可知，已经屈从了西方文化。选项中的A项为“遵从”符合文意。B项“遵守”，C项“辞职”，D项“讨好”，这三项均不符合题意。

10.

Itcanbelearnedthat"Tokyodream-pop"______.A.wasadaptedtothemusicofthefilmB.wascomposedbyBrianReitzellC.mustbeathemesongsunginthemovieD.mustbeaboutTokyo'sWesternization正确答案：A[解析]根据文中最后一段的内容“ThescoreproducedbyBrianReitzellcreatedoutofJapanesemusicalthemesand'Tokyodream-pop'addstothesenseofanEasterncitythathassuccumbedinlargemeasuretoWesternculture.”可知Thescore是在日本音乐主题和Tokyodream-pop的基础上创立的音乐，为适应电影的需要，进行了改动。所以A符合题意。B项“是BrianReitzell创作的”，BrianReitzell创作的是Thescore，而不是“Tokyodream-pop”；C项“一定是电影的主题曲”，D项“一定是关于东京的西方化”，C、D两项在文中没有提到。

JanHendrikSchon'ssuccessseemedtoogoodtobetrue,anditwas.InonlyfouryearsasaphysicistatBellLaboratories,Schon,32,hadco-authored90scientificpapers—oneevery16days—detailingnewdiscoveriesinsuperconductivity,lasers,nanotechnologyandquantumphysics.Thisoutputastonishedhiscolleagues,andmadethemsuspicious.Whenoneco-workernoticedthatthesametableofdataappearedintwoseparatepapers—whichalsohappenedtoappearinthetwomostprestigiousscientificjournalsintheworld,ScienceandNature—thejigwasup.InOctober2002,aBellLabsinvestigationfoundthatSchonhadfalsifiedandfabricateddata.Hiscareerasascientistwasfinished.Scientificscandals,whichareasoldasscienceitself,tendtofollowsimilarpatternsofpresumptionandduereward.

Inrecentyears,ofcourse,thepressureonscientiststopublishinthetopjournalshasincreased,makingthejournalsmuchmorecrucialtocareersuccess.ThequestionsarewhetherNatureandSciencehavebecometoopowerfulasarbitersofwhatsciencereachestothepublic,andwhetherthejournalsareuptotheirtaskasgatekeepers.

Eachscientificspecialtyhasitsownsetofjournals.PhysicistshavePhysicalReviewLetters,neuroscientistshaveNeuron,andsoforth.ScienceandNature,though,aretheonlytwomajorjournalsthatcoverthegamutofscientificdisciplines,frommeteorologyandzoologytoquantumphysicsandchemistry.Asaresult,journalistslooktothemeachweekforthecreamofthecropofnewsciencepapers.Andscientistslooktothejournalsinparttoreachjournalists.Whydotheycare?Competitionforgrantshasgottensofiercethatscientistshavesoughtpopularrenowntogainanedgeovertheirrivals.Publicationinspecializedjournalswillwintheacclaimsfromacademicsandsatisfythepublish-or-perishimperative,butScienceandNaturecomewiththeaddedbonusofpotentiallygettingyourpaperwrittenupinTheNewYorkTimesandotherpublications.

Scientiststendtopaymoreattentiontothebigtwothantootherjournals.Whenmorescientistsknowaboutaparticularpaper,they'remoreapttociteitintheirownpapers.Beingoft-citedwillincreaseascientist's"ImpactFactor",ameasureofhowoftenpapersarecitedbypeers.Fundingagenciesusethe"ImpactFactor"asaroughmeasureoftheinfluenceofscientiststhey'reconsideringsupporting.11.

Theword"suspicious"underlinedinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.doubtfulB.incredibleC.stupendousD.horrendous正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第一段的内容“Thisoutputastonishedhiscolleagues,andmadethemsuspicious”可知，这样的产出量让他的同事震惊，他们产生了怀疑。选项中的A项为“怀疑的，可疑的”符合文意。B项“难以置信的”，C项“惊人的，了不起的”，D项“可怕的，恐怖的”，这三项均不符合题意。

12.

TheachievementsofJanHendrikSchonturnedouttobe______.A.surprisingB.inconceivableC.praiseworthyD.fraudulent正确答案：D[解析]根据文中第一段的内容“InOctober2002,aBellLabsinvestigationfoundthatSchonhadfalsifiedandfabricateddata.2002年10月，一个贝尔实验室的调查显示，斯克恩篡改和捏造数据”可知，D项fraudulent“欺诈的，不正的，不诚实的”符合题意。A项“惊人的；意外的”，B项“不可思议的”，C项“值得赞许的”，这三项和文中内容不符合。

13.

Theword"fabricated"underlinedinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.fakeB.compileC.drawupD.analyze正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第一段的内容“aBellLabsinvestigationfoundthatSchonhadfalsifiedandfabricateddata”可知，调查发现Schon篡改和编造数据。选项中的A项为“编造，捏造”符合文意。B项“编纂”，C项“起草”，D项“分析”，这三项均不符合题意。

14.

TofindwhyscientificscandalslikeSchon'soccur,peoplehavebeguntoraisedoubtaboutthetwotopjournalsforA.theiracademicprestigeB.theirimportancetocareersuccessC.theirpopularitywithscientificcirclesD.theirreviewingsystem正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第二段的内容“ThequestionsarewhetherNatureandSciencehavebecometoopowerfulasarbitersofwhatsciencereachestothepublic,andwhetherthejournalsareuptotheirtaskasgatekeepers.”可知，人们质疑，《自然》和《科学》这两本杂志在作为为什么科学可以向民众传达的仲裁者方面的力量是否太强大了，并且，它们能否胜任看门人的角色。所以A项“他们的学术威望”符合题意。B项“他们对职业成功的重要性”，C项“他们科学界的普遍性”，D项“他们的评审体系”，这三项和文中第二段内容不符合。

15.

Theword"renown"underlinedinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.reputationB.purposeC.nameD.achievement正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第三段的内容“scientistshavesoughtpopularrenowntogainanedgeovertheirrivals”可知，科学家已经赢得战胜对手的名声。选项中的A项为“声誉，名声”符合文意。B项“目的”，C项“姓名，名称”，D项“成绩，成就”，这三项均不符合题意。

16.

Accordingtothepassage,whatmakesScienceandNaturepowerful?A.Theycoverthebestresearchesonavarietyofsubjects.B.Theypublishcontroversialpapersthatotherswon't.C.Theypreferpapersonhighlyspecializedresearch.D.Theyhaveaspecialsystemofpeer-review.正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第三段的内容“ScienceandNature,though,aretheonlytwomajorjournalsthatcoverthegamutofscientificdisciplines,frommeteorologyandzoologytoquantumphysicsandchemistry.”可知，《科学》和《自然》这两家杂志是仅有的涉及所有学科科目的主要期刊。所以A项“他们涵盖了所有科目的最好的研究”符合题意。B项“他们出版其他杂志不出版的有争议性的论文”，C项“他们选择高度专业性的研究论文”，D项“同行评审中他们有一个特殊的系统”，这三项在文中都没有提到。

17.

Theexpression"thecreamofthecrop"inParagraph3mostlikelymeans"______".A.themostofallB.thebestofallC.therecentlyreleasedD.thewidelyspread正确答案：B[解析]根据文中第三段的内容“Asaresult,journalistslooktothemeachweekforthecreamofthecropofnewsciencepapers.”可知，creamofthecrop的字面意思为“植物奶油”，暗指最好的东西，因为自然和科学两本杂志的地位，所以记者每个星期都会从中挑选最好的科学论文。所以B项符合题意。A项“其中大部分的”，C项“最近发表的”，D项“广泛传播的”，这三项显然和文中creamofthecrop要表达的意思不符。

18.

Theword"acclaims"underlinedinParagraph3refersto______.A.complimentB.prizeC.bonusD.core正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第三段的内容“Publicationinspecializedjournalswillwintheacclaimsfromacademicsandsatisfythepublish-or-perishimperative”可知，专业期刊的出版物将赢得学术称赞。选项中的A项为“赞美”符合文意。B项“奖品”，C项“奖金”，D项“分数”，这三项均不符合题意。

19.

ScientistsknowthatbyreachingthejournalistsforScienceandNaturetheywouldgetabetterchanceto______.A.havemoreoftheirpaperspublishedinthejournalsinthefutureB.havetheirnamesappearinmanyotherrenownpublicationsC.havetheirresearchresultsunderstoodbythegeneralpublicD.havetheirsuperiorsgivethemmonetaryawardforthepublication正确答案：B[解析]根据文中第三段的内容“butScienceandNaturecomewiththeaddedbonusofpotentiallygettingyourpaperwrittenupinTheNewYorkTimesandotherpublications.”可知，如果文章出现在《科学》和《自然》这两本杂志上，那么文章就有出现在《纽约时报》和其他出版物上的机会。所以B项“他们的名字会出现在其他著名的出版物上”符合题意。A项“将来他们有更多的论文发表在杂志上”，文中强调是论文能出现在其他出版物上，而不是将来可以有更多的论文继续发表在这两本杂志上；C项“让他们的研究结果得到公众的了解”。D项“让他们的上级为他们的出版物给予金钱回报”，C、D两项在文中没有提到。

20.

Comparedwithotherjournals,NatureandSciencewouldgivetheauthorsanextrabenefitthattheirpapers______.A.willbemorelikelytobecomeinfluentialandbecitedB.willbemorelikelytobefreefromchallengebypeersC.willbereviewedwithgreatercaretoensuretheauthorityD.willreappearintheiroriginalinpaperslikeNewYorkTimes正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第四段的内容“Whenmorescientistsknowaboutaparticularpaper,they'remoreapttociteitintheirownpapers.”可知，因为《科学》和《自然》这两本杂志非常具有权威性，当更多的科学家知道某一篇论文时，他们会将其内容引用在自己的文章中。所以A项“将更有可能变得更有影响和被引用”符合题意。B项“将更有可能远离同辈人的挑战”，C项“将被仔细地审查以确保权威性”，D项“将重新出现在像《纽约时报》这样的原始论文中”，文中没有涉及和这三项相关的内容。

Although"namingrights"haveproliferatedinAmericanhighereducationforthepastseveraldecades,thephenomenonhasrecentlyexpandedtoextraordinarylengths.Anythingtogetanextradollaroutofdonorsisfairgame.Iknowcollegesanduniversitiessorelyneedtoraisefundsinthesetimesoffiscalconstraints,butthingshavegottenabitoutofhand.

Universitiesandcollegeshavelongbeennamedafterdonors-thinkofHarvard,Yale,Brown,andmanyothers.JohnHarvardwouldhardlygetabenchnamedafterhimtoday,giventhemodestyofhisgiftofbooksforthelibrarybackintheseventeenthcentury.Nowittakesmuchmoretogetone'snameonacollege.Oneinstitution,RowanUniversityofNewJersey,changeditsname(fromGlassboroStateCollege)notlongagowhenalargedonationwasmade.Buildings,too,havebeenaffected.Traditionally,theywerenamedafterpeoplesuchasdistinguishedscholarsorvisionaryacademicleaders;nowthey'reoftennamedafterbigdonors.

Whyisallofthishappeningnow?Themainmotivationforthenamingfrenzyis,ofcourse,toraisemoney.Donorslovetoseetheirnames,orthenamesoftheirparentsorotherrelatives,onbuildings,schools,institutions,professorships,andthelike.Increasingly,corporationsandotherbusinessesalsoseektobenefitfromhavingtheirnamesoneducationalfacilities.Today,nolimitsseemtoexistonwhatcanbenamed.Ifsomethingdoesnothaveaname,itisupforgrabs—astaircase,apond,oraparkinggarage.Onceallthemajorfacilitieshavetitles,lesserthingsgoonthenamingauctionblock.Collegesanduniversities,publicandprivate,areallunderincreasedpressuretoraisemoney,andnamingbringsincash.

Itisunproductive.Separatebrandingweakensthefocusandmissionofaninstitutionandperhapsevenitsbroaderreputation.Itconfusesthepublic,includingpotentialstudents,andfeedstheideathatthetwenty-first-centuryuniversityissimplyaconfederationofindependententrepreneurialdomains.

ThetrendsweseenowintheUnitedStates,andperhapstomorrowinothercountries,willinevitablyweakentheconceptoftheuniversityasaninstitutionthatisdevotedtothesearchfortruthandthetransmissionofknowledge.Allthisnamingdistractsfromthemissionofaninstitutionthathasalmostamillenniumofhistoryandcheapensitsimage.Itisasadsymbolindeedofthecommercializationandentrepreneurialismofthecontemporaryuniversity.21.

Theword"constraints"underlinedinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.restraintB.limitationC.confinementD.strain正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第一段的内容“Iknowcollegesanduniversitiessorelyneedtoraisefundsinthesetimesoffiscalconstraints,butthingshavegottenabitoutofhand”可知，高等院校需要在财政限制时期筹集资金。选项中的A项为“限制”符合文意。B项“限定”，C项“限制，监禁”，D项“拉力，拉紧”，这三项均不符合题意。

22.

Fromthe2ndparagraph,wecanlearnthatJohnHarvard______.A.gotauniversitynamedafterhimduetohisdonatedbooksB.wouldonlygetabenchnamedafterhimtodayC.wasthefirstdonorforhighereducationin17thcenturyD.wasthefounderofHarvardUniversity正确答案：A[解析]根据第二段的内容“JohnHarvardwouldhardlygetabenchnamedafterhimtoday,giventhemodestyofhisgiftofbooksforthelibrarybackintheseventeenthcentury.”可知，在17世纪，约翰·哈佛捐赠书籍给学校图书馆，于是学校就以他的名字命名了，所以A项“因为捐赠书籍，让一所大学以他的名字命名”符合题意。B项“如今只能让一个条凳以他的名字命名”，这在文中只是一种假设情况；C项“在17世纪是第一个高教机构捐赠人”，D项“是哈佛大学的创立者”，C、D两项在文中没有出现。

23.

Theword"visionary"underlinedinParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.forward-lookingB.providentC.famousD.prominent正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第二段的内容“Traditionally,theywerenamedafterpeoplesuchasdistinguishedscholarsorvisionaryacademicleaders”可知，他们根据人的名字命名，如著名学者，或者有远见的学术领导。选项中的A项为“有远见的，向前看的”符合文意。B项“节俭的”，C项“著名的”，D项“杰出的，卓越的”，这三项均不符合题意。

24.

Inthepast,thebuildingsinuniversitieswerenamedafter______.A.politicalleadersB.wealthyalumniC.outstandingscholarsD.famousdonors正确答案：C[解析]根据第二段的内容“Traditionally,theywerenamedafterpeoplesuchasdistinguishedscholarsorvisionaryacademicleaders;nowthey'reoftennamedafterbigdonors.”传统上，大学的建筑一般以著名学者或有远见的学术带头人的名字来命名。所以C项符合题意。A项“政治领导人”，B项“有钱的老校友”，D项“著名的捐赠者”，这三项和文中第二段内容不符。

25.

Theword"frenzy"underlinedinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.swivetB.derangementC.puzzleD.excitement正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第二段的内容“Themainmotivationforthenamingfrenzyis,ofcourse,toraisemoney”可知，当然，热衷于命名的主要动机是筹集资金。选项中的A项为“极度的激动，狂乱”符合文意。B项“精神错乱”，C项“迷惑，难题”，D项“兴奋”，这三项均不符合题意。

26.

Themainpurposeforcorporationstodonatemoneytouniversitiesis______.A.toraisemoremoneyB.togetbenefitandreputationC.totrainskillfulstudentsforthemD.toimproveeducationalfacilities正确答案：B[解析]根据第三段的内容“Increasingly,corporationsandotherbusinessesalsoseektobenefitfromhavingtheirnamesoneducationalfacilities.”可知，越来越多的公司和企业也寻求以他们名字来给教育设施命名，以求获得经济利益。所以B项“得到利益和名誉”符合题意。A项“为了筹集到更多的钱”，C项“为他们培训更多有技能的学生”，D项“提高教育设施”，这三项和文中第三段内容不符合。

27.

Inthe4thparagraph,theword"unproductive"probablymeans______.A.namingcannotbringbenefitstothedonatingbusinessesB.separatenamingyieldsabroaderreputationforauniversityC.out-of-handnamingweakensthegoalofhighereducationD.namingcannotraiseenoughmoneyforauniversity'sdevelopment正确答案：C[解析]unproductive的本意为“非生产性的；徒劳的；不毛的；不生产的”，根据第四段的内容“Separatebrandingweakensthefocusandmissionofaninstitutionandperhapsevenitsbroaderreputation.”可知，一些与商业利益联系的研究机构的命名形式，削弱了研究机构本身的重心和使命，甚至削弱其广泛的声誉。所以C项“无法控制的命名趋势消弱了高等教育的目标”符合题意。A项“命名不能给捐献企业带来好处”，B项“单独的命名为一所大学产生广泛的声誉”，D项“命名不能给一所大学的发展筹集到足够的资金”，这三项和文意不符。

28.

Theword"transmission"underlinedinParagraph5refersto______.A.spreadB.inculcationC.cultivationD.development正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第二段的内容“thatisdevotedtothesearchfortruthandthetransmissionofknowledge”可知，致力于寻求真理和知识的传播。选项中的A项为“传播，散布”符合文意。B项“灌输”，C项“培养，教化”，D项“发展，开发”，这三项均不符合题意。

29.

Accordingtotheauthor,auniversityshouldbeaplace______.A.devotedtothesearchfortruthB.commercializedbynamingtrendsC.attractingpotentialstudentsD.focusingonscientificresearchonly正确答案：A[解析]根据第四段的内容“ThetrendsweseenowintheUnitedStates,andperhapstomorrowinothercountries,willinevitablyweakentheconceptoftheuniversityasaninstitutionthatisdevotedtothesearchfortruthandthetransmissionofknowledge.”可知，大学作为一种机构的观念就是致力于对真理的追求和知识的传播上。所以A项符合题意。B项“被命名潮流商业化的地方”，C项“吸引有潜力学生的地方”，D项“只应专注于科研的地方”，这三项在文中都没有提到。

30.

Fromthispassage,wecanlearnthattheauthorholdsa(n)______attitudetowardsthecurrentnamingphenomenoninAmericanhighereducation.A.supportiveB.criticalC.indifferentD.sarcastic正确答案：B[解析]根据文章最后一段的内容“Allthisnamingdistractsfromthemissionofaninstitutionthathasalmostamillenniumofhistoryandcheapensitsimage.Itisasadsymbolindeedofthecommercializationandentrepreneurialismofthecontemporaryuniversity.”可知，作者认为这种命名形式贬低了高校的形象，是商业化和企业化悲哀的象征，所以作者对这种命名方式是持批判态度的，所以B项“批判的”符合题意。A项“支持的”，C项“中立的”，D项“讽刺”，这三项都不是作者对命名方式的态度。

She'scute,noquestion.Symmetricalfeatures,flawlessskin,lookstobe22yearsold—enteringanymeat-marketbar,awomanluckyenoughtohavethisfacewouldturnenoughheadstostirabreeze.ButwhenVictorJohnstonpointsandclicks,thefaceonhiscomputerscreenchangesintoastateofsuperheated,crystallizedbeauty."Youcanseeit.It'sjustsoextraordinary,"saysJohnston,aprofessorofbiopsychologyatNewMexicoStateUniversitywhosoundsalittleinlovewithhiscreation.

Thetransformationfromprettywomantoknee-weakeningbabeisallthemoreamazingbecausethechangeswroughtbyJohnston'ssoftwareare,objectivelyspeaking,quitesubtle.Hecreatedtheoriginalfacebydigitallyaveraging16randomlyselectedfemaleCaucasianfaces.Thechangingprogramthenexaggeratedthewaysinwhichfemalefacesdifferfrommalefaces,creating,inhuman-beauty-sciencefield,a"hyper-female".Theeyesgrewabitlarger,thenosenarrowedslightlyandthelipsplumped.Theseareshiftsofjustafewmillimeters,butexperimentsinthiscountryandScotlandaresuggestingthatbothmalesandfemalesfind"feminized"versionsofaveragedfacesmorebeautiful.

Johnstonhatchedthislittlemovieaspartofhisongoingstudyintowhyhumanbeingsfindsomepeopleattractiveandothershomely.Hemaynothaveanyrock-solidanswersyet,butheisfarfromaloneinattemptingtoapplyscientificinquirytosoambiguousasubject.Aroundtheworld,researchersaremarchingintoterritoryformerlystakedoutbypoetsandpainterstouncovertheunderpinningsofhumanattractiveness.

Theresearchresultssofararesurprising—andhumbling.Numerousstudiesindicatethathumanbeautymaynotbesimplyintheeyeofthebeholderoranarbitraryculturalartifact.Itmaybeancientanduniversal,wroughtthroughagesofevolutionthatrewardedreproductivewinnersandkilledofflosers.Ifbeautyisnottruth,itmaybehealthandfertility:HalleBerry'sflawlessskinmayfascinatemoviegoersbecause,atsomedeeplevel,itpersuadesusthatsheisparasite-free.

Humanattractivenessresearchisarelativelyyoungandcertainlycontentiousfield—theallureofhyper-females,forexample,isstillhotlydebated—butthoseonitsfrontlinesagreeononepoint:Wewon'tconquer"looks-ism"untilweunderstanditssource.AspsychologistNancyEtcoffputsit:"Theideathatbeautyisunimportantoraculturalconstructistherealbeautymyth.Wehavetounderstandbeauty,orwewillalwaysbeenslavedbyit."31.

Theword"symmetrical"underlinedinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.proportionateB.gorgeousC.splendidD.unique正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第一段的内容“Symmetricalfeatures,flawlessskin,lookstobe22yearsold”可知，匀称的体型，无暇的皮肤，看起来只有22岁。选项中的A项为“成比例的”符合文意。B项“漂亮的”，C项“华丽的”，D项“个性的，有特点的”，这三项均不符合题意。

32.

Thewomandescribedintheverybeginningofthetextis______.A.infactinherlatetwentiesB.Johnston'sidealgirlfriendC.astunningbeautyD.isaprofessionalprostitute正确答案：C[解析]通过第一段内容“She'scute...awomanluckyenoughtohavethisfacewouldturnenoughheadstostirabreeze.”可知，这位女士是一位漂亮的女人。据此判断，应选择C。A项“事实上她20多岁”文中提到他看起来有22岁，但是并未给出她的真实年龄，与文意不符；B项“约翰斯顿的理想女友”，D项“是个职业妓女”，这两项在文中均未提到。所以，这三项均不符合题意。

33.

Theword"exaggerated"underlinedinParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.overstateB.magnifyC.overdrawD.aggrandize正确答案：A[解析]根据文中第二段的内容“Thechangingprogramthenexaggeratedtheways”可知，正在改变的项目夸大了方式。选项中的A项为“夸大”符合文意。B项“放大，扩大”，C项“透支”，D项“扩大某人的权