山东省潍坊市高三上学期期中拉练测试英语试题（含答案解析）

高三英语期中考试模拟试题(一)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Cookathome. B.Exploreastreet. C.Eatout.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:I’mtootiredtocookathometonight.Whatwouldyouliketoeat?W:Well,Ireallywantpizza.andthere’salovelynewplaceinthehighstreet.It’squiteromantic,actually.M:Oh,you’veconvincedme.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichdeskisthemangoingtobuy?A.Theonewithtwodrawers.B.Theonewiththreedrawers.C.Theonewithtwopenholders.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:I’mgettinganewdesk,andI’venarroweditdowntothesetwo.W:Ilikethethreedrawersinthebrownone.Thegreydeskonlyhastwo.Also,thebrownonehasapenholder.M:Well,Ithinkyou’reright.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomandescribehermove?A.Stressful. B.Smooth. C.Unexpected.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:How’sthebigmovecomingalong?It’sthisweekend,isn’tit?W:Don’tremindme!I’vestillgothundredsoflittlethingstotakecareofbeforelcangetoutofhere.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabank. B.Inabookstore. C.Inapostoffice.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:650...700...750dollarsandyourreceipt,sir.M:Whataboutmybankbook?W:We’llmailittoyou.Therearesomeadjustmentsweneedtomake.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Acourse. B.Aninstrument. C.Asport.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Youreallycan’tthrowverywell.Idon’tthinkyoucanbeontheteamunlessyouimprove.M:I’mafraidI’mverybadatplayingit.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Howdoesthewomansoundatfirst?A.Amused. B.Relieved. C.Surprised.7.WhatisEmilylikeaccordingtothewoman?A.Sheisreliable. B.Sheisplayful. C.Sheistroublesome.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:EmilygotintotroubleatschoolyesterdayW:No!You’rejoking?Whateverfor?M:Well,apparentlyshewasaccusedofbreakingawindow.W:No!Idon’tbelieveit.Whatdidshesay?M:Shedeniedit,ofcourse,andIthinktheheadmasterbelievedherstory.W:Well,ofcoursehedid.HowcouldanyonesuspectEmilyoflying?Shealwaysdisciplinesherselfandnevercausesanytrouble.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarepairshop.B.Inacarrentalcompany.C.Inaninsurancecompany.9.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodo?A.Giveuptherepairs. B.Borrowacar. C.Takeoutinsurance.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】W:Haveyoufiguredoutwhat’swrongwithit?M:Yes.Oneoftheenginepartsisbrokenandneedstobereplaced.Iorderedit,butitwilltakeafewdaystocomein.W:Oh,that’snogood.Ineedtousethecartogotoatradeshowthisweekend.M:Well,doyouhaveinsurance?Wehavesomeloanercarsthatyoucanusewhileyourcarisbeingrepaired.W:Yes,Ido.That’sgreat.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhywillHelenbeawayfromtown?A.Toattendawedding. B.TomeetAngelaFerrero. C.Towatchaconcert11.Whenwillthespeakersseetheperformance?A.OnJune18th. B.OnJune25th. C.OnJuly2nd.12.WhatdoesHelenwanttodo?A.PurchaseticketsimmediatelyB.Inviteco-workerstojoinher.C.Checkherworkemails.【答案】10.A11.C12.B【解析】【原文】M:Oh,Helen,AndyTorinoisperformingatOrchestraHallonJune18th.AndAngelaFerrero,onJune25th!W:I’dlovetoseeAndyTorino,butthatdatedoesn’twork.Myfriendisgettingmarriedthen,andI’llbeoutoftownfortheirceremony.M:Wait,letmecheck.Oh,itlookslikeAndyTorinowillbebackforonemorenightofjazztwoweekslater.Doyouwanttogothen?W:Letmecheckmyschedule.Ohyeah,that’sperfect.Let’scheckifanyoneelsefromourofficewouldliketogoandseetheconcert.I’llsendoutanemailrightnow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhydidEasonworkasalivingstatueperformer?A.Tofulfillhisdream. B.Tosatisfyhiscuriosity. C.Tomakesomemoney.14.WhatdidEasondofortheWorldChampionships?AHepracticedseveralbodymovements.B.Hedesignedarealisticstoneappearance.C.Hestudiedpreviouschampionshipperformances.15.WhatdoesEasoncherishmostabouthisjob?A.Thepraisefromjudges.B.Theinteractionwithaudience.C.Theachievementincompetitions.16.WhatisthekeytobeingagoodlivingstatueaccordingtoEason?A.Physicalstrength. B.Creativeideas. C.Attractiveappearance.【答案】13C14.B15.B16.A【解析】【原文】W:Eason,couldyoutellushowyougotstartedasalivingstatueperformer?M:Well…itisnotactuallysomethinglplannedtodo.ItwasafunjobItookonwhileIwasatuniversitytoearnabitof’extramoneyandwhenIdiditactually,itturnedoutthatIwasquitegoodatit.W:Whatdoyouhavetodoasalivingstatue?M:Firstly,youshouldcomeupwithacreativeideaandthenyouhavetopracticeandfindtherightclothesandstuffanddothefullbodymake-up.W:YouwontheWorldLivingStatueChampionshipsrecently.Couldyoutellussomethingaboutthat?M:Um,fortheWorldChampionshipsIwasastonestatueandIpaintedinthosetinymarkssothatlookedlikeakindofold,almostfallingapartstatue,andIthinkthejudgesreallyappreciatedthat.W:Yep,Igetit.Sowhatisthepointofdoingthisjob?M:Thepointreallyistheconnectionyoumakewithyouraudience.Whenyoumakeatinymovementtheytendtoexplodewithlaughter.Andit’sthatinteractionbetweentheaudienceandtheperformerthat’sreallywhatit’sallabout.W:Andwhatisthesecretofbeingagoodlivingstatue?M:Firstly,nevertryandperformonanemptystomach.Ifyougethungry,youcanstarttofeellight-headed,soyoualwaysneedtoeatsomethingfirst.Well,goodstomachmusclesarekey,too.Youneedtohavethemtoholdthosepositions.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatcanwelearnaboutthelibrary?A.ItwillclosedownoneyearlaterB.Itisopenduringpublicholidays.C.Ittypicallyoperates10hoursaday.18.Howmuchdoesacopycostlibraryuserswithoutacopiercard?A.10cents. B.20cents. C.60cents19.Whereshouldhistoryenthusiastsgo?A.Thefirstfloor. B.Thesecondfloor. C.Thethirdfloor.20.Whatissaidaboutthecomputeruseinthelibrary?A.Ithasnotimelimit. B.Itrequiresregistration. C.Itisfreeonlyforfirst-timeusers.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】W:Here’syournewlibrarycard.Itwillrunoutoneyearlaterfromtodayandallowyoutoborrowupto15bookspermonth.Thelibraryisopenfrom9a.m.to7p.m.everydayexceptSundaysandpublicholidays.Onthefirstfloor,you’llfindfiction,literature,biography,travelandlifestylebooks,gardeningbooks,andcookbooks.There’salsoaphotocopierforpublicuse.Copiescosttwentycentseach,butIrecommendyoubuyamonthlycopiercardfor$10,whichgivesyou60copiespermonthatareducedprice.Onthesecondfloor,you’”llfindtechnology,geography,sciencebooks,andchildren’sbooks.There’sasmallchildren’srecreationareathereaswell,andonSaturdays,weholdastoryreadingmorningforyoungkids.Thethirdfloorhashistory,maps,newspapers,journals,andartsandhumanitiesbooks.WehavecomputerswithInternetaccessonthefourthfloor.Thecomputersarefreetouse,butthere’satwo-hourlimit.It’sfirst-come,first-served.Justputyournamedownonthelistifyouwanttouseone.Ifyouwanttouseyourowncomputerinthelibrary,wehavefreewirelessaccessaswell.That’saboutit.Doyouhaveanyquestions?第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAdventure.Newexperiences.Interestingpeople.Readaboutotherpeople’sexcitingtravelsaroundtheworldwiththesethreebooks.IsThatBikeDiesel,Mate?:Oneman,onebikeandthefirstLapAroundAustraliaonUsedCookingOilbyPaulCarterTherearelotsofwaystotravelaroundAustralia.Youcoulddoitbyplane,trainorcar.ButauthorPaulCarterdecidedtotourthecountryonahomemademotorcyclethatrunsoncookingoil.Why?theauthorworkedintheoilindustryformanyyears,andwaskeentoexplorealternativefuels.So,heboughttheunusualbikefromagroupofAustralianuniversitystudents(whohadbuiltitthemselves)andsetoff.Onroute,hehaslotsofamusingexperiences.Healmostdiesinacrashandheevenattemptstobreakthelandspeedrecordforamotorbikerunning.YouAreAwful(ButILikeYou)TravelsThroughUnlovedBritainbyTimMooreTravelwritersusuallygotothebestdestinations.ButnotTimMoore.Inthebook,TimtravelstotheworstplacesintheUK.Followhimasheheadsto“thebleakesttowns,theworsthotelsandthescariestpubs”.Andtomakemattersworse,hedoesitinthemiddleofwinter.“MyprimarychallengewastohaveagoodtimeinplacesthateveryonehadsaidIwouldn’t,”saidtheauthor.AndhedoesmeetlotsofquirkycharactersanddiscoversthatevenBritain’sugliestpartshaveaninnerbeauty.Coasting:APrivateVoyagebyJonathanRabanIn1982,authorJonathanRabanboughtaboatandnavigatedBritain.Andthisisthebookabouthisadventure.Alongthewayhegetscaughtinafewstorms,exploresseasidetownsandeventakeshisagingparentsalongforpartofthejourney.Rabanalsouseshistimeatseatothinkabouthow1980sBritainischangingunderPrimeMinisterMargaretThatcher.21.WhatisspecialofPaulCarter’stravel?A.Hebreaksthelandspeedrecord.B.Heusesanunconventionalfuel.C.Hisagingparentsaccompanieshim.D.Hismotorcyclealmostdiesinacrash.22.WhatchallengedoesTimMoorefacewhiletravelingintheUK?A.Searchingforalternativefuels.B.Survivingheavystormsatsea.C.Enduringthefreezingcoldinwinter.D.Enjoyinghimselfinunattractiveplaces.23.Whatdothethreebookshaveincommon?A.Theysharepracticaltraveladvicefortourists.B.Theycomparedifferentmodesoftransportation.C.Theyexploreuniqueandchallengingtravelexperiences.D.Theyofferalternativefuelsourcesandtheirapplications.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是三本关于其他人激动人心的独特的环球旅行的书籍。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据IsThatBikeDiesel,Mate?:Oneman,onebikeandthefirstLapAroundAustraliaonUsedCookingOilbyPaulCarter部分的“TherearelotsofwaystotravelaroundAustralia.Youcoulddoitbyplane,trainorcar.ButauthorPaulCarterdecidedtotourthecountryonahomemademotorcyclethatrunsoncookingoil.(在澳大利亚有很多种旅行方式。你可以乘飞机、火车或汽车去。但作家保罗·卡特决定骑一辆用食用油驱动的自制摩托车环游这个国家。)”可知，作家保罗·卡特不是使用一辆用食用油驱动的自制摩托车环游，由此可知，保罗·卡特旅行的特别之处在于他使用一种非常规燃料旅行的。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据YouAreAwful(ButILikeYou)TravelsThroughUnlovedBritainbyTimMoore部分的“Followhimasheheadsto“thebleakesttowns,theworsthotelsandthescariestpubs”.Andtomakemattersworse,hedoesitinthemiddleofwinter.“MyprimarychallengewastohaveagoodtimeinplacesthateveryonehadsaidIwouldn’t,”saidtheauthor.(跟随他前往“最荒凉的城镇，最糟糕的酒店和最可怕的酒吧”。更糟糕的是，他还在大冬天这么做。“我的主要挑战是在每个人都说我不会去的地方玩得开心，”作者说。)”可知，TimMoore在最糟糕的天气里去最糟糕的目的地旅行，去人们认为他玩的不会开心的地方寻求快乐，由此可知，TimMoore在英国旅行时遇到的挑战是在没有吸引力的地方自得其乐。故选D项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据首段“Adventure.Newexperiences.Interestingpeople.Readaboutotherpeople’sexcitingtravelsaroundtheworldwiththesethreebooks.(冒险。新体验。有趣的人。阅读这三本书，了解其他人令人兴奋的世界旅行。)”以及对三本与冒险、新体验和有趣的人相关的书中介绍的独特的世界旅行可知，这三本书的共同点是他们探索独特而富有挑战性的旅行体验。故选C项。BFor15yearsIreadthebooks,tookthecoursesanddownloadedtheappstotrytobecomeabetterperson.Nevertheless,noneofithelped.Iwasinmymid-20swhenIfellintooneofthemosttoxicrelationshipsofmylife.Irememberbuyingmyfirstself-helpbook,whichpromisedIcouldbehealedofanything.Idevoureditindaysandwashooked.Overthenext15years,Iboughthundredsofself-helpbooks,coursesandapps,andtrackeddowneveryself-styledpersonalimprovementexpertinthehopethattheycouldteachmehowtobecomehappier,moreconfidentandmorelovable.Growingupinanenvironmentofaddictionanddomesticconflictmademevulnerabletotheindustry’spromisesofself-improvement.Ibelievedself-helpauthorscouldbetheinstructorsIhadneverfound.Mydependencybecamestrongaftermyfatherdiedin2022.Imanagedtospendanenormousamountoftimereadingabouthowtogrievewellinsteadofdoingtherightthings:sittingwithmyfeelings,allowingmyselftocryandprocessingtheloss.Myobsession(痴迷)withself-helphadbecometoxic,andsomethinghadtogive.Itstartedtodawnonmethatinsteadofhelpingme,theadvicewasmakingmefeelworse.Italkedwithalovedoneandrecognizedthatintryingtochangemylife,Iwastryingtochangethingsthatwereoutofmycontrol.InsteadoffocusingonwhoIwantedtobecome,Ihadtoquitself-helptolearnandacceptwhoIreallywas.Spendingtimealone,oftenwalking,andlisteningtomythoughtswithouttryingtosilenceorchangethemhelped.SinceIquitmyself-helpcane,I’verealizedthatfocusingallmyenergyonimprovingmyselfcanreallysuckthejoyoutoflife.Itmakeshappinessconditional:onlywhenIlookthatwaycanIbeloved.Itcanalsostopmefromunconditionallyacceptingmyimperfectlyperfectself.Afteralongtime,IamfinallycomingroundtotheideathatperhapsIneverneededfixingatall.24.Whydidtheauthorbecomeobsessedwithself-helpmaterials?A.Toescapefromherfamily.B.Toovercomepersonalfailures.C.Tolookforawaytokilltime.D.Tofindguidestobetterherself.25.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromPara.4?A.Sheoftenquarreledwithhersiblingsinchildhood.B.Shebecamestrongerafterherfatherpassedaway.C.Herupbringingenvironmentgreatlyinfluencedher.D.Herlongtimeofreadinghelpedheroutoffeelingbad.26.Whatcausedtheauthortoquitherobsession?A.Thedeathofherfather.B.Aconversationwithalovedone.C.Thesuggestionfromaninstructor.D.Anapponself-improvement.27.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthetext?A.Embracingthetrueself.B.Focusingonthestrengths.C.Seekingprofessionaladvice.D.Cultivatingthepositivethinking.【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者从痴迷于自助书籍到逐渐接受自己而放弃自助书籍的过程。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Overthenext15years,Iboughthundredsofself-helpbooks,coursesandapps,andtrackeddowneveryself-styledpersonalimprovementexpertinthehopethattheycouldteachmehowtobecomehappier,moreconfidentandmorelovable.”（在接下来的15年里，我买了数百本自助书籍、课程和应用程序，并追踪了每一位自称为个人进步专家的人，希望他们能教我如何变得更快乐、更自信、更可爱。）可知，作者热衷于自助材料是为了寻找能让自己变得更好的指导，故选D。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Growingupinanenvironmentofaddictionanddomesticconflictmademevulnerabletotheindustry’spromisesofself-improvement.”（在成瘾和家庭冲突的环境中长大，让我很容易受到行业自我提升承诺的影响。）可知，作者的成长环境对她影响极大。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Italkedwithalovedoneandrecognizedthatintryingtochangemylife,Iwastryingtochangethingsthatwereoutofmycontrol.”（我和我爱的人交谈，认识到在试图改变我的生活时，我是在试图改变那些我无法控制的事情。）可知，一位亲人的交流让她意识到自己的问题所在，进而放弃了对自助的痴迷，故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“InsteadoffocusingonwhoIwantedtobecome,Ihadtoquitself-helptolearnandacceptwhoIreallywas.”（我没有专注于我想成为什么样的人，我不得不放弃自助，去学习和接受真正的我）和最后一段“Afteralongtime,IamfinallycomingroundtotheideathatperhapsIneverneededfixingatall.”（过了很长一段时间，我终于意识到，也许我根本不需要改变）可以看出，作者想传达的思想是接纳真实的自我，故选A。CTheoceancoversalmostthree-quartersoftheplanet.Werealltheplanet’swaterplacedovertheUnitedStates,itwouldformacolumnofliquid132kmtall.Theoceanprovides3bnpeoplewithalmostafifthoftheirprotein(makingfishabiggersourceofthestuffthanbeef).Climateandweathersystemsdependonthetemperaturepatternsoftheoceananditsinteractionswiththeatmosphere.Ifanythingoughttobetoobigtofail,itistheocean.Humanshavelongassumedthattheocean’ssizeallowedthemtoputanythingtheywantedintoitandtotakeanythingtheywantedout.However,changingtemperaturesandchemistry,overfishingandpollutionhavestresseditsecosystemsfordecades.Theoceanstoresmorethannine-tenthsoftheheattrappedonEarthbygreenhouse-gasemissions.Consequently,coralreefsaresuffering.Scientistsexpectalmostallcoralstobegoneby2050.Bythemiddleofthecenturytheoceancouldcontainmoreplasticthanfishbyweight.Grounddownintotinypieces,itiseatenbyfishandthenbypeople,withuncertaineffectsonhumanhealth.Nevertheless,appetiteforfishgrows:almost90%ofstocksarefishedeitheratorbeyondtheirsustainablelimits.Theoceannurtureshumanity.Humanitytreatsitwithcontempt.Suchself-destructivebehaviordemandsexplanation.Unarguably,theoceanbeingsubjecttoaseriesoflawsandagreements,enforcementishard.Apartfromthis,tworeasonsstandout.Oneisgeography.Thebulkoftheoceanisbeyondthehorizonandbelowthewaterline.Thedamagebeingdonetoitshealthisvisibleinafewliminalplaces.Butforthemostpart,theseaisoutofsightandoutofmind.ItistellingthatthereisonlyasinglefleetingreferencetotheoceanintheParisagreementonclimatechange.Second,theoceanisavictimofotherbiggerprocesses.Theemissionofgreenhousegasesintotheatmosphereischangingthemarineenvironmentalongwiththerestoftheplanet.Theoceanhaswarmedby0.7℃sincethe19thcentury,damagingcoralsandencouragingorganismstomigratetowardsthepolesforcoolerwaters.Greaterconcentrationsofcarbondioxideinthewateraremakingitmoreacidic,harmingcreaturessuchascrabsandoysters,whosecalciumcarbonateshellssufferasmarinechemistryalters.28.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.Thevastnessoftheocean.B.Thesignificanceoftheocean.C.Theecosystemoftheocean.D.Theclimateoftheocean.29.Howdoestheauthorconveyhismessageinparagraph3?A.Bylistingcurrentproblems.B.Byprovidingresearchdata.C.Bycitingexpertopinions.D.Bycomparingdifferentecosystems.30.Whydoestheauthormention“theParisagreementonclimatechange”inparagraph4?A.Toshowpeopleoftendisobeyit.B.Totelluspeopleseldomrefertoit.C.Toremindustheoceanisvitaltoman.D.Toproveoceanprotectionisoverlooked.31.Whatwilltheauthorprobablywritenext?AHowtotapintotheocean.B.Howtoresearchintotheocean.C.Howtorisetothechallengesoftheocean.D.Howtoraisepeople’senvironmentalawareness.【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是海洋对人类的意义重大，但海洋之大，让人们误以为她的资源取之不尽用之不竭，人类对海洋资源无穷无尽的索取让她面临严峻的挑战。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段中“Theoceanprovides3bnpeoplewithalmostafifthoftheirprotein(makingfishabiggersourceofthestuffthanbeef).Climateandweathersystemsdependonthetemperaturepatternsoftheoceananditsinteractionswiththeatmosphere.Ifanythingoughttobetoobigtofail,itistheocean.(海洋为30亿人口提供了近五分之一的蛋白质(使鱼类成为比牛肉更大的蛋白质来源)。气候和天气系统取决于海洋的温度模式及其与大气的相互作用。如果有什么东西应该大到不能倒，那就是海洋。)”可知，此处介绍了海洋对民生的重要性以及海洋对环境的重要性，由此可知，第一段主要介绍的是海洋的重要性。故选B项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Theoceanstoresmorethannine-tenthsoftheheattrappedonEarthbygreenhouse-gasemissions.(海洋储存了地球上因温室气体排放而滞留的十分之九以上的热量。)”可知，海洋储存着滞留在地球上十分之九以上的热量，结合下文中的“Bythemiddleofthecenturytheoceancouldcontainmoreplasticthanfishbyweight.Grounddownintotinypieces,itiseatenbyfishandthenbypeople,withuncertaineffectsonhumanhealth.(到本世纪中期，海洋里的塑料重量将超过鱼类的重量。这些塑料在海水冲刷下磨成细小的碎片，被鱼类吃掉，进而被人类所食，这对人类的健康会造成不确定的影响。)”可知，本段列举了海洋面临的问题：存储因温室气体排放而滞留在地球的热量以及海洋的塑料污染问题，由此可知，作者是通过列举海洋面临的问题来表达信息的。故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Suchself-destructivebehaviordemandsexplanation.Unarguably,theoceanbeingsubjecttoaseriesoflawsandagreements,enforcementishard.(这种自我毁灭的行为需要解释。无可争议的是，海洋受到一系列法律和协议的约束，执行起来很困难。)”以及下文中的“ItistellingthatthereisonlyasinglefleetingreferencetotheoceanintheParisagreementonclimatechange.(在关于气候变化的《巴黎协定》中，对海洋只有一次短暂的提及，这很能说明问题。)”可知，作者在段首点明海洋受到一系列法律和协议的约束，但是执行起来很难，进而在尾句中提到关于气候变化的《巴黎协定》的执行情况，由此可知，作者提及《巴黎协议》是为了证明海洋保护是被忽视的。故选D项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据首段“Theoceancoversalmostthree-quartersoftheplanet.Werealltheplanet’swaterplacedovertheUnitedStates,itwouldformacolumnofliquid132kmtall.Theoceanprovides3bnpeoplewithalmostafifthoftheirprotein(makingfishabiggersourceofthestuffthanbeef).Climateandweathersystemsdependonthetemperaturepatternsoftheoceananditsinteractionswiththeatmosphere.Ifanythingoughttobetoobigtofail,itistheocean.(海洋占地球表面的四分之三。如果将地球上的所有海水放置在美国上空，将形成一个132公里高的圆柱。海洋向30亿人口提供了五分之一的蛋白质（鱼类提供的蛋白质超过了牛肉）。气候和天气系统依赖海洋的温度模式以及和大气的交互。如果有什么东西“因为太大而不能倒”的话，那就应该是海洋。)”可知，本文在分析海洋面临的问题时，先写了海洋的重要性：海洋之大、海洋对民生的重要性、海洋对环境的重要性，进而在下文描述海洋面临的问题：资源问题、环境问题，这样更能引起人们的关注与警觉，由此可推断，海洋对人类如此重要，而当前又面临着如何多的问题，所以，接下来作者应该介绍的是如何应对海洋的挑战。故选C项。DInhighereducation,wheremeritocracy(任人唯贤)andobjectivityarehighlyvalued,onemightassumethatthealphabeticalorderofstudents’surnamesplaysnoroleindeterminingtheiracademicsuccess.However,recentresearchsuggestsotherwise.AstudyconductedbyresearchersattheUniversityofMichigan,analyzingover30milliongradingrecords,revealsasurprisingfinding:studentswithsurnamesthatappearearlierinthealphabettendtoreceivehighergradescomparedtotheircounterpartswithlateralphabeticalplacements.ThisbiasisparticularlystrikinginlargeclassesorcourseswhereassignmentsaresubmitteddigitallythroughplatformslikeCanvas,awidelyusedonlinelearningmanagementsystem.Systemslikethistypicallyarrangestudentsubmissionsalphabeticallybydefault(系统默认).Asaresult,studentswithsurnamestowardstheendofthealphabet,suchasthosestartingwithYorZ,tendtoreceivelowergradesonaveragecomparedtotheirpeerswithsurnamesfromthebeginningofthealphabet.Thisphenomenonisattributedtoaneffectknownas“sequentialgradingbias”,whichreferstoanunintentionaladvantageordisadvantagethatstudentsmayfaceduetotheorderinwhichtheirworkisevaluated.Forexample,jobinterviewcandidateswhoareinterviewedlaterinthedaymayberatedmoreharshlycomparedtothosewhowentearlier.Inthecontextofalphabeticalordering,instructorsoftenbegingradingfromthetopofthelist,wheresurnamesstartingwithletterslikeAorBappear.Thisinitialadvantagecanunintentionallyinfluencegradingpatterns,whereearlypapersmightreceivemorefavorableassessmentscomparedtothoseevaluatedlater.However,theexamsthataregradedinthereverseorderinwhichtheyaresubmittedmayshowanoppositetrend.Educationalinstitutionsandpolicymakersareencouragedtoexplorealternativegradingstrategiesthatmitigatealphabeticalbiases.Suggestionsincluderandomizedgradingorders,namelesssubmissions,ordeliberateeffortstocounteractfirstimpressionsthroughdiverseevaluationcriteria.Byaddressingthesebiasesproactively,institutionscanfosterfairerandmoreinclusivelearningenvironmentswherestudentperformanceisevaluatedimpartiallybasedonmeritratherthansurnameplacement.32.WhydoestheauthormentionCanvasinthecontextofthestudy?A.Topromotetheuseofdigitalplatformsforacademicpurposes.B.Tohighlightthepopularityofonlinelearningmanagementsystems.C.Toemphasizetheimpactofdigitallearningplatformsongradingbiases.D.Todemonstratethediversegradingstandardsofdigitallearningplatforms.33.Inthelastparagraph,whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate”mean?A.Complicate.B.Simplify.C.Fuel.D.Reduce.34.Accordingtothetext,onesuggestedalternativegradingstrategyshouldbebasedon_________.A.thestudent’ssurnameB.randomgradingsequenceC.randomfirstimpressionD.thestudent’ssubmissiontime35.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?A.InequalityIssuesviaDigitalLearningSystemsB.StrategiesforOvercomingBiasinGradingSystemsC.UnintendedConsequencesofAlphabeticalGradingD.TheCauseofSequentialGradingonStudentPerformance【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员惊讶地发现：与按字母顺序排列较晚的学生相比，姓氏在字母表中出现较早的学生往往获得更高的成绩。【32题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段“ThisbiasisparticularlystrikinginlargeclassesorcourseswhereassignmentsaresubmitteddigitallythroughplatformslikeCanvas,awidelyusedonlinelearningmanagementsystem.Systemslikethistypicallyarrangestudentsubmissionsalphabeticallybydefault(系统默认).Asaresult,studentswithsurnamestowardstheendofthealphabet,suchasthosestartingwithYorZ,tendtoreceivelowergradesonaverage(这种偏见在通过Canvas等广泛使用的在线学习管理系统以数字方式提交作业的大班或课程中尤为明显。默认情况下，这样的系统通常按字母顺序排列学生提交的内容。因此，姓氏在字母表末尾的学生，如以Y或Z开头的学生，平均成绩往往较低)”可知，作者在研究中提到了Canvas，以强调数字学习平台对评分偏差的影响。故选C项。【33题详解】词句猜测题。由最后一段“Educationalinstitutionsandpolicymakersareencouragedtoexplorealternativegradingstrategiesthatmitigatealphabeticalbiases.(鼓励教育机构和政策制定者探索字母偏差的替代评分策略。)”以及上文可知，现在在线学习管理系统存在评分偏差问题，所以这里希望有新的平台可以“减少”这种字母偏差。所以猜测mitigate表“减少”的意思。故选D项。【34题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Suggestionsincluderandomizedgradingorders,namelesssubmissions,ordeliberateeffortstocounteractfirstimpressionsthroughdiverseevaluationcriteria.(建议包括随机评分顺序、匿名提交或通过不同的评估标准刻意抵消第一印象。)”可知，一种对现在评分策略替代的建议是按照随机序列评分。故选B项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。由第二段“AstudyconductedbyresearchersattheUniversityofMichigan,analyzingover30milliongradingrecords,revealsasurprisingfinding:studentswithsurnamesthatappearearlierinthealphabettendtoreceivehighergradescomparedtotheircounterpartswithlateralphabeticalplacements.(密歇根大学的研究人员进行的一项研究分析了3000多万条评分记录，揭示了一个令人惊讶的发现：与按字母顺序排列较晚的学生相比，姓氏在字母表中出现较早的学生往往获得更高的成绩。)”以及上下文可知，文章主要讲研究人员惊讶地发现与按字母顺序排列较晚的学生相比，姓氏在字母表中出现较早的学生往往获得更高的成绩。所以C项UnintendedConsequencesofAlphabeticalGrading(按字母顺序评分的意外结果)符合文意。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Lifeisfilledwithnumerousvictoriesanddownfalls;whatmattersishowyoutackleeachsituation.Whetheritisyourschoolingoraseriouslifestruggle,wemustlearntoturnthepageandchangeourlifeforthebetter.____36____Youmightfindyourselfinadeadend.____37____Thiswillhelpyoumarkyourfuturedecisions.Everythingthatyoufaceduntilnowwasjustapartoftheproblemandeverythingthatcomesafterthelinewillbepartofthesolution.Don’ttakethewholethingassuffering;instead,itisalearningexperience.Makesurethatyouwon’tletanythingholdyoubackandwilltrytobebettereachday.Whenhandlingatoughsituation,youmayneedsomeextrahelp.Connectwithpeoplethathavegonethroughthesametrialsasyouhave.During