湖北省黄冈市、黄石市等八市2025届高三下第一次测试英语试题含解析

湖北省黄冈市、黄石市等八市2025届高三下第一次测试英语试题注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Cellsareimportantbecausetheyareorganizedstructuresthathelplivingthingtheactivitiesoflife.A．carryonB．expandonC．putonD．hangon2．MostSchoolshavebannedjunkfoodandbroughtoutnewmenus.“That’scool!”saidAndreasPetrou,11thgrader.A．/;anB．/;theC．the;aD．the;/3．Thewaitressattherestaurantwasusuallyveryconsiderate,butonthisoccasionsheseemedto________thediners.A．ignore B．identify C．applaud D．satisfy4．—IfeelsonervousabouttheNationalEnglishSpeechCompetitiontomorrow.—.A．Ireallyenvyyou B．GladtohearthatC．Soundsgreat D．Takeiteasy5．LastyearIappliedtoPrincetonUniversity．I____theywouldsayyes—buttheydid,andnowhereIam．A．neverthink B．amneverthinkingC．haveneverthought D．neverthought6．TheTVstationwillbe______thegameliveonSaturdayafternoon,andwecan’tmissit.A．covering B．improving C．handling D．canceling7．______almostonehundredjin,thestonewasmovedbyhimalone.A．Weighed B．Weighing C．Itweighed D．Toweigh8．—Whydoyoulookveryupset?—Theelectricitywascutoffsuddenlyandmyessay________unfinishedsince.A．wasleft B．hasleftC．hadbeenleft D．hasbeenleft9．---Couldweaccomplishthetaskaccordingtotheschedule?---Idoubtthat.Theproblemremains______wecangetfinancialaidwithinthisweek.A．that B．how C．why D．when10．That’s

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lightB．cometolifeC．comeacross11．--Ifeelnervouswhentakinganexam.--andyoucandoitwell.A．TakeitweasyB．TakeyourtimeC．GoodluckD．It’suptoyou12．—IhavesomethingimportanttotellJohn.ButIcan’tfindhim.—Hiscellphoneishere,sohe________havegonetoofar.A．mustn’t B．needn’tC．wouldn’t D．can’t13．Duringtheperiodofrecentterroristactivities,people_____nottotouchanunattendedbag.A．hadalwaysbeenwarned B．werealwaysbeingwarnedC．arealwayswarning D．alwayswarned14．_____annoystheteachermostisthatallthestudentsaretooquietinclass.A．WhatB．ThatC．WhenD．Who15．—Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek?—Thetrees________well,butIdidn’twaterthem.A．mightgrow B．needn’thavegrownC．wouldhavegrown D．wouldgrow16．Thedoctor’sdilemmawas_____heshouldtellthepatientthetruth.A．whether B．whichC．that D．what17．—Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek?—Thetrees__________well,butIdidn’twaterthem.A．mightgrow B．wouldhavegrownC．needn’thavegrown D．wouldgrow18．Wefirmlybelievethat______thenewexaminationsystemcomesintoexistence,completelynewsituationswillarise.A．consideringB．supposedC．providingD．given19．Hardwork，alongwithdedicatedrevolutionaryspiritisthefundamentalguaranteeofsuccess，whichis________weshouldlearnfromthepioneersparticipatingintheLongMarch.A．that B．whatC．where D．how20．Idon’tthinkRosemarywillbeupsetaboutit,butI’llgotoseeherincaseshe_______.A．is B．willbe C．does D．need第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）It'shair-raisingnewsforcriminalsontherun.Scientistsbehindanewstudyhaveworkedouthowtoidentifyindividualsonlybasedontheproteins(蛋白质)inasinglestrandoftheirhair.WhilethepolicealreadylookatDNAfromhairaspartofinvestigations,thetechniqueisfarfromideal:DNAiseasilydegradable,meaningitcanonlybeanalyzedwithinacertaintimeperiodafterthecrime.Butthenewtechniquecouldevenbeusedtosolvehistoricalorarchaeologicalcases,makingitfarsuperiortoDNAsequencinginmanyways.DNAdegradationdependsonseveralenvironmentalfactorsincludingtemperature,humidityandPH.Itisalsoaffectedbytheactivityofbacteriaandothermicroorganisms.Incontrast,actualhairscansurviveforalongtime-----sometimescenturies.Afterbonesandteeth,hairisinfactoneofthemostresistantstructuresofthehumanbody.Inordertounderstandhowtheproteincanbeusedtoidentifyindividuals,itisimportanttounderstandmatproteinsarecodedbyDNA．Thismeansthatacertainlevelofthegeneticvariationthatweseeindifferentpeople'sDNApassesintotheirproteins.Infact,geneticinformationintheDNAistranslatedintoamino-acidchainsthatmakeupproteins.Themethodnotonlyallowsforhumanidentificationbutitcanalsorevealhowoldthesampleisandwhatregionitcomesfrom,sothatwecandistinguishbetweencurrentandancientsamples.Butwhilethediscoveryisexciting,thetechniqueisnotquitepolishedenoughtobeusedinthecourtroom.Themaintasknowwillbetoanalyzehairsamplesfromallovertheworld,whichwillmakeitalotmorereliable.Thenewdiscoverywillboostthesignificanceofhairasevidenceincourts,atatimewhensomeforensic(司法鉴定的)disciplineshavebeencriticizedintheUS.Itwillalsobeofgreatuseinarchaeology.1、What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．DNAevidenceisfarfromideal.B．Criminalsontherungethair-raisingnews.C．Scientistsareplanningatestofhumanhair.D．Humanscanbeidentifiedbyproteinsinhair.2、Whichevidenceismorereliableforthepolicetoidentifyacriminal?A．Lostteeth.B．Thefootprint.C．Personalbelongings.D．DamagedDNA．3、InwhatwayisthenewtechniquesuperiortoDNAtest?A．Servingasevidenceincourts.B．Possessinggeneticinformation.C．Inferringtheheightofaperson.D．Distinguishingtheregionofaperson.4、Whatwillscientistsdointhefollowingfewyears?A．Testhairsamplesworldwide.B．Legalizethehairevidence.C．Applyprotein-testtoarchaeology.D．MapthestructureofDNA．5、Whowillwelcomethediscovery?A．Criminals.B．Employers.C．Hairdressers.D．Archaeologists.22．（8分）Collegegraduationeventuallymeanstakingmuchofyourattentioninyourfirstjobsearch.

Thisprocesscanbechallenging,especiallyforthosestudentswhohadsecondthoughtsabouttheirchosenmajorandintendedcareerpath—orthosewhomajoredinafieldnotdirectlyconnectedtoaspecificcareer.Ifyouareinoneofthesegroups,fearnot!Althoughyourmajor,coursework,andacademicperformancearerelevanttolandingajob,theyarenottheonlydecidingfactorsonwhereyoucanwork.So,justhowimportantisyourmajortoyourjobsearch?Somemajorsaretieddirectlytospecificcareerfields.Forexample,ifyouwishtobecomeateacher,youwilllikelyhaveneededtocompleteaneducationprogramandeventuallysitforalicensingexam.Thesameappliestomajorsinnursing.Ifyoudidnotcompleteanaccreditednursingprogram,youwon’tbeabletotakethenursinglicensureexam.Inthesecases,successfullycompletingaspecificmajoriscrucialtolandingajobinthematchingfield.Othermajors,however,arecloselyrelatedtocareerpathsbutdon’tnecessarilyrequireadegreeinthearea.Forexample,studentswhomajoredinfinance,math,orstatisticsmayalsohavethenecessaryskillstobehiredasanaccountant.Althoughsocialworkmajorsaremostpreparedtoprovidecasemanagementservicestostrugglingpopulations,studentswhomajoredinpsychologyorsociologycanbejustasqualified.Lastly,therearemanyindustries,suchasprofessionalsales,education(non-teachingpositions),insurance,andcustomerservicemanagement,whichhirenewgraduatesfromseveralmoremajors,lookingformoregeneralizedrequirements.Theymaysimplywanttoknowthestudenthascompletedhisorherbachelor’sdegree,whichdemonstratescollege-levelmathandwriting,criticalthinking,andproblem-solvingskills.Hopefully,asacollegestudent,youwereabletodomorethanjustattendclasses.Yournon-academicexperiencescanbeveryinfluentialonyourfuturecareeraswell.Didyouworkduringcollege,volunteer,orparticipateinaclubororganization?Ifso,andifyouenjoyedtheseactivities,seekoutrelatedcareers.Ifyouvolunteeredwithanon-profitorganizationsuchasahomelessordomesticviolenceshelter,seekoutpositionsinsocialservicesrelatedtocasemanagementorvictimadvocacy(辩护).Youmayqualifyforapositionregardlessofyourmajor.Althoughitoftenseemslikeyourcollegemajoralonedeterminesyourcareerfate,thisjustisn’tthecase.Itmayinfluenceit,butthereareotherfactorsthatinfluenceyourcareeroptionsaswell.Ifyoudon’tknowwhatcareeroptionstoconsiderbasedonyourmajor,talktoyourfacultyoracademicadvisor.Youmaybesurprisedatwhatopportunitiesawait!1、Tobeacustomerservicemanager,collegegraduates______.A．needtohaverelatedqualities B．shouldpassalicensingexamC．arerequiredtomajorininsurance D．musthaverelevantexperiences2、Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A．MajorUpsYourCareerB．WhyYourCollegeMajorMattersC．HowImportantYourMajorIstoYourJobD．MajorVSCareer:WhichIsRightforYou3、Thewriterthinksthat_____________.A．majorsarecloselylinkedtocareerpathsB．studentsofsciencetendtoreceivehighersalariesC．volunteerexperienceshelpgraduatesgetemployedD．socialworkgraduateshavemoreemploymentopportunities4、Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要点)C：ConclusionA． B．C． D．23．（8分）Forpeople,manyotheranimals,familymatters.Considerhowmanyjobsgotorelatives.Orhowanantwillcruellyattackintruder(入侵的)antsbutrescueinjured,closelyrelatednest-mates.Therearegoodevolutionaryreasonstoaidrelatives,afterall.Now,itseems,familyfeelingsmaystirinplantsaswell.ACanadianbiologistplantedtheseedoftheideamorethanadecadeago,butmanyplantbiologistsregardeditasheretical—plantslackthenervoussystemsthatenableanimalstorecognizekin(家族),sohowcantheyknowtheirrelatives?Butwithaseriesofrecentfindings,thebeliefthatplantsreallydocarefortheirmostgeneticallyclosepeers—inaquiet,plantyway—istakingroot.Somespeciescontrolhowfartheirrootsspread,otherschangehowmanyflowerstheyproduce,andafewtilt(倾斜)orshifttheirleavestominimizeshadingofneighboringplants,favoringrelatedindividuals.“Weneedtorecognizethatplantsnotonlysensewhetherit’slightordarkorifthey’vebeentouched,butalsowhomtheyareinteractingwith,”saysSusanDudley,aplantevolutionaryecologist,whoseearlyplantkinrecognitionstudiessparkedtheinterestofmanyscientists.Beyondbroadeningviewsofplantbehavior,thenewworkmayhaveapracticalside.InSeptember2018,ateaminChinareportedthatriceplantedwithkingrowsbetter,afindingthatsuggestedfamilytiescanbeusedtoimprovecropyields.“Itseemsanytimeanyonelooksforit,theyfindakineffect,”saysAndreKessler,achemicalecologistatCornellUniversity.1、Whyareantsmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A．Toshowhowcruelantsaretotheirenemies.B．Tolayfoundationfortheideaofplants’familyfeelings.C．Tointroducethetopicofhowfamilymatterstoanimals.D．Toexplainwhypeopleusuallygivemorejobstotheirrelatives.2、Whichofthefollowingwordshastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“heretical”?A．Indescribable. B．Understandable. C．Impossible. D．Traditional.3、Whatmaybetheplants’wayofexpressingtheircareforrelatives?A．Theystopproducingflowerstoavoidcompetition.B．Theyspreadtheirrootsfarsoastoprotecttheirpeers.C．Theycarefortheirinjuredpeersbysilentlytakingroots.D．Theymovetheirleavestosharesunlightwiththeirclosepeers.4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Differentplantsmustn’tbeplantedtogether.B．Cornplantedwithcorncanproducemorethanthatwithrice.C．Chinahasputtheideaintowidepracticeandachievedgreatsuccess.D．Thecloserriceisplantedwiththeirrelativesthemoretheywillproduce.24．（8分）The

MetropolitanMuseumofArt(Met)isoneoftheworld’slargestandfinestartmuseums.Followingthesuggestedroutewillhelpyouexplorethemuseum.TheTempleofDendurThis2000-year-oldbuildingstoodneartheNileRiver,surroundedbyawallthatnolongerexists.Butyoucanstillpeekthroughthegateway.Whose“house”isthis?It'snotforpeople.It’sforgods.Canyouidentifythem?Theyfaceout.Akingfacesin,bringingofferings.MetSpeaksBringingtogethersomeofthemostrespectedthinkersonagivensubject,MetSpeaksfeatureslectures,discussions,talks,films,andforumsinwhichcompellingvoicesexploretimelyissuesthatconnecttotheMet’sexhibitionsandpermanentcollection.Programtimes,audiences,andtopicsvary.TimetoSketchSettledownforafewminutes,picksomethinginthisgallery,andhavefundrawingit.Enjoythechancetolookcarefullyasyoucreateyourownsketch.You'llbesurprisedathowmuchmoreyounotice,thankstoexploringartbysketching.MetAccessMaketheMetyours!Choosefromavarietyofservicesandexcitingprogramsthataretailoredtomeettheneedsofvisitorswithdisabilities.Programtimes,audiences,andtopicsvary.AskfortheAccessInformationbrochureandAccessCalendaratInformationDesks,downloadtheAccessCalendar

(PDF),orcall212-650-2010oremailaccess@.AdmissionFeeincludesadmissiontotheMainBuildingandsame-weekadmissionto

theCloistersmuseumandgardens.RecommendedFeeAdults$25Seniors(65andolder)$17Students$12Members(JoinNow)FreeChildrenunder12(accompaniedbyanadult)Free39、Howmuchisrecommendedtopayfor3adultand2studentvisitors?A．111 B．99C．87 D．1031、WhatcanyouknowabouttheTempleofDendur?A．Ahighwallissurroundingthe2000-year-oldbuildingnow.B．Akingfacesout,bringingofferingsinthetemple.C．ThebuildingisdesignedforEmperortolivein.D．TheNileRiverwitnessedthehistoryofthebuilding.2、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheMet?A．IssuesconnectedwitheconomiccrisiswillbediscussedinMetSpeaks.B．Visitorscanchoosesomethinginthegalleryandhavefundrawingitonthewall.C．Disabledpeoplewillfindvariousservicesandprogramsofferedespeciallyforthem.D．Youcanemailaccess@formoreAdmissioninformation.25．（10分）WhenIwasaboytherewerenosmartphones.ComputersweresomethingyousawonSTARTREK(星际航行)，andourtelevisiononlygotonechannelclearly.Still,Iwasneverbored.Thefields,hills,andwoodlandsaroundmyhousewerethenatureready-madeplaygrounds.Icanrememberoncehikingtoanearbylakeandslowlywalkingaroundit.AtthebacksideofitIwasamazedtofindanold,one-lane,dirtroadthatIhadneverseenbefore.Iimmediatelysetouttotravelit.Itwasfullofholesandmuddytracksanddeepwoodsbordereditonbothsides,butexploringitstillseemedlikeafineadventure.Iwalkedonandonforwhatseemedlikehours.IwassuremyguardianangelwaswhisperinginmyeartoturnaroundandheadbackhomebutIwasstubbornandevenabitstupid,soIwalkedon.Thedirtroadgivewaytoarockoneandthenapavedone,yettherewasstillneitheracarnorahouseinsight.Mylegsweregettingtired.InoticedthatthesunwasstartingtogodownandIgrewscared.Ididn’twanttoenduptrappedonthisroadinthedarkofnight,butIwassureitwouldbedarkbeforeIcouldmakemywaybacktothelakeagain.IwasalmostintearswhenIturnedonelastcurve(弯曲处)andsawsomethinginthedistance.ItwasahousethatIrecognized.Myheartleaptup!Ijumpedupanddownandlaughedoutloud.Iknewthewayhome!ItwasstilloveramileawaybutmylegsfeltlikefeathersandIhurriedbacktomyhouseinnotime.Iwalkedinwithabigsmileonmyfacejustintimefordinner.IrememberedthisrecentlywhenIsawasignthatsaid,“AllroadsleadHome.”Thisistrue.Inthislifeallroadsnomatterwhattheirtwists(弯曲)andturnsarecanleadushomeagain.TheycanleadustoourhomeshereonEarth.Theycanleadustoourhomesinourheart,ifwecaninsist.1、Whywastheauthorneverboredwhenhewasaboy?A．BecausetherewasstillaTV.B．Becausehelikedhikingalone.C．Becausethereweresomanyplaygroundsbuiltforhim.D．Becausehehadsomanyplacesaroundhishousetoplay.2、Whatmadetheauthordecidetotaketheoldroad?A．Seeingitbefore.B．Thatitwasamuddyroad.C．Tryinganewandspecialexperience.D．Thatithaddeepwoodsonbothsides.3、Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhesawaknownhouseinthedistance?A．Excited.B．Frightened.C．Touched.D．Desperate.4、Whydidtheauthormentionthesign?A．Toshareafamoussayingwithreaders.B．Tointroducewhathewantedtosay.C．Toexplainthefunctionofthesign.D．Toprovethesignificanceofthesign.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）ThemostimportantlessonIlearnedinhighschoolhadnothingtodowithmathsorAmericanhistory．Itcameatgraduation,severalminutesbeforeIleftMiramonteHighSchool．Iwasrathershybackthen,contentto1aroundwithmyfewfriendsandtoconcentrateonmy2IwasdoingsowellthatbytheendofsenioryearIhadperfectscoresandenough3togotocollege．Butmygoodrecordsoonbecamea4tomywell-being．InearlyJuneofsenioryear,theheadmastercalledmeintohisoffice．Heaskedmetogivealeave-takingspeechatgraduation．Ilookedathim,myheart5fast．Thiswasthe6formyhardwork?Isaidsomething,butnotveryclearly,andhurriedawayfromtheoffice．Iwas7aboutthedecision,finallyagreeingtocompromise．Iwasn'ttheonlyspeaker—Iwould8thehonorwithfiveotherstudents．Still,itwasdoubtfulwhetherthetaskwas9me．HowintheworldwouldIgiveaspeechtohundredsofpeople?Graduationdaysoonarrivedand,as10．Iwasnervous．I'dbeenpracticingmyspeechfordays,andIhadit11．ButIhadneverbeenso12inmylife．Thefirsthalfhouroftheceremonypassed,andthenmy13came．Mynamewasannounced．Imanagedtoreachtheplatformwithoutfallingdown．Butwithinminutes,Iwas14,headingbacktomyseat．NowIstillhavethe15ofthatspeech．Myvoicetrembledalittle,but16itwasclearandstrong．I'mproudofthattape．IachievedsomethingI'dnever17Ispokeinfrontofhundredsofpeople．18Ididn'trealizeitatthetime,thesuccessfulcompletionofthatspeechgavemethe19toparticipateinclassatcollege,togiveoralreports,andtoeventuallybreakfreeofmy20Ineverwouldhavechosentogiveaspeechatgraduation．ButI'mgladIdid．Iknowitmaywellturnouttobeoneofmyshiningmoments．1、A．hang B．look C．walk D．run2、A．characters B．interests C．games D．subjects3、A．money B．credits C．time D．standards4、A．luck B．benefit C．fear D．solution5、A．burning B．breaking C．aching D．beating6、A．punishment B．reward C．arrangement D．sympathy7、A．doubtful B．optimistic C．generous D．hesitant8、A．share B．bring C．spare D．give9、A．about B．for C．upon D．beyond10、A．known B．hoped C．expected D．planned11、A．thrown B．printed C．memorized D．completed12、A．interested B．terrified C．excited D．disappointed13、A．moment B．clay C．chance D．decision14、A．defeated B．stopped C．clone D．stuck15、A．picture B．tape C．paper D．word16、A．partially B．immediately C．frankly D．mostly17、A．dreamed B．made C．decided D．requested18、A．Because B．When C．Although D．Unless19、A．respect B．confidence C．freedom D．excuse20、A．shyness B．pride C．stupidity D．Courage第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Ifyoualwayshatecertainvegetables,youmaybemorethanapickyeater.Instead,youmightbea“super-taster”,aperson1．bittergenes(苦味基因).Thosepeoplewhohavethe“bittergenes”are2.6timesmorelikelytoeat2．(few)vegetablesthanothers,accordingtoanewstudy3．(present)attheannualmeetingoftheAmericanHeartAssociation.“Wedon’tgetthetasteoffoodequally,”saidprofessorDuffy,anexpertinthestudyoffoodtaste.“Itcouldexplainsomeofthedifferencesinourfood4．(prefer).”Abouthalfofuscantastebitterandsweet,sowearenotespeciallysensitivetobitterfood.Another25%arecalled“non-tasters”,to5．bitterfoodmightactuallybeabitsweeter.Therestofusare6．(extreme)sensitivetothebitternessthatsome7．(plant)developtokeepanimalsfromeatingthem.Foodscientistsaretryingtodevelopways8．(reduce)thebitternessinveggies,inthehopethatwecankeepsuper-tastersfromrejectingvegetables.Infact,somevegetableswegrowtoday9．(be)muchsweeterthanbefore.Wemightalsotrytousevariouscookingmethods,eitherbyaddingsomefat,sweetness,strongflavorslikegarlic10．roastingthem,toimprovethetasteofthevegetables.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10

处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加:

在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:

把多余的词用斜线(\)

划掉。修改:

在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)

不计分。MyfriendandIalwaysplayedoutdoorwhenwewereyoung.Duringspringrains,weclimbeduptoourcomforttreehouseandplayedcards.Thenintheamusedautumn,werolledaroundintheorangeleaf.Thisallendoneday,whenmyfriendreceivedvideogameplayerforhisbirthday.Inthebegin,hesometimesinvitedmeovertopl