翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟20

翻译三级笔译综合能力模拟20ⅠVocabularyandGrammarPart1VocabularySelection1.

Hefailedtocarryoutsomeofth（江南博哥）eprovisionsofthecontract,andnowhehasto______theconsequences.A.answerforB.runintoC.abidebyD.stepinto正确答案：A[解析]answerfor是“对……负责”。B．runinto是“陷入，碰到”；C．abideby是“遵守”；D．stepinto是“进入，走进”。

2.

Whiletyping,Helenhasahabitofstopping______togiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.A.occasionallyB.simultaneouslyC.eventuallyD.promptly正确答案：A[解析]occasionally偶尔，间或。B．simultaneously同时；C．eventually最终，终于；D．promptly立即，迅速地。

3.

Thepicnic______atlastafterbeingtwicepostponed.A.cameoffB.cameupC.putonD.wenton正确答案：A[解析]cameoff举行，实现；cameup发生，出现；puton穿上，增加；wenton继续，发生。

4.

Mostnursesarewomen,butinthehigherranksofthemedicalprofessionwomenareaA.scarcityB.minorityC.minimumD.shortage正确答案：B[解析]词义辨析。

A．scarcity缺乏，不足，罕见：B．minority少数，少数民族；C．minimum最小值：D．shortage不足，缺乏；因此选项B为答案。

5.

Thestudentsareattractedbythe______ofthesnow-coveredmountainswhentheylookoutofthetrain.A.notabilityB.nobilityC.majestyD.visibility正确答案：D[解析]本题中，D项的“visibility可见度，引人注目，易被观察到”符合题意。如：anexecutivewithhighvisibility.(有很大吸引力的总经理)。其他三项“notability著名，值得注意或显赫的状态或性质，显要人物；nobility高贵，崇高；majesty最高权威，王权，雄伟”都不正确。

6.

Withoutthefrictionbetweentheirfeetandtheground,peoplewould______beabletowalk.A.innotimeB.byallmeansC.innowayD.onanyaccount正确答案：C[解析]innoway决不，一点也不。A．innotime立刻，马上；B．byallmeans当然，一定；D．onanyaccount无论如何。

7.

______,CharlesDarwindidmuchtodisprovecommontheoriesaboutbiologicalevolution.A.HewasahighlyrespectednaturalistB.AnaturalistwashighlyrespectedC.AhighlyrespectednaturalistD.Althoughahighlyrespectednaturalist正确答案：C[解析]结构识别

此句意为：作为一个非常受人尊重的自然主义者，查尔斯•达尔文做出了巨大努力来驳斥那些有关生物进化的伪科学。选项A、B都是完整句，不合题意；选项D是由although引导的让步状语从句，漏掉了heis，因此答案为C。

8.

Thisvehiclebouncesandglidesalongtheground______.A.atanaveragespeedof40milesanhourB.of40milesanhouratanaveragespeedC.at40milesanhourofanaveragespeedD.ofanaveragespeedat40milesanhour正确答案：A[解析]固定搭配

ataspeedof...表示：以……的速度；atanaveragespeedof40milesanhour表示：以平均每小时40英里的速度……；还要注意语序；因此答案为A。

9.

Thejanitor'slongservicewiththecompanywas______apresent.A.confirmedbyB.recordedwithC.appreciatedbyD.acknowledgedwith正确答案：D

10.

Apigmentcalledmelaninprotectsthe______layersofskinfromsunrays.A.underB.belowC.underlyingD.underneath正确答案：C[解析]近义辨析。

此题需辨清词性，本题空白处应填形容词，而选项，A．under作介词或副词，B．below作介词或副词，C．underlying在下面的，下层的，为形容词；D．underneath作介词或副词；因此只有C正确。

11.

______thevarietythattheaveragefamilyhasinbeef,fish,poultry,andvegetarianrecipes,theyfindmostmealsunexciting.A.InspiteB.InspiteC.DespiteofD.Despite正确答案：D[解析]习语辨析。

despite(后面不加of)与inspiteof(后面不能省of)同义，常可换用。在此只有选项D正确。

12.

WilliamByrdwastheownerofthelargestlibraryincolonial______.A.periodB.timeC.timesD.periods正确答案：C[解析]近义辨析。

A．period时代(可指历史上任何一段时间，这段时间可长可短)，期间(适用于任何目的或任何长短的时间范围)；B．time时间，时机，时期，期限；C．times时期(历史上的时代或时期)；D．period周期；因此C是答案。

13.

Thegrowthoftheireconomyis______,notinreality.Manyoftheirstatisticsarefalse.A.infiguresB.infactC.intheredD.inform正确答案：D[解析]固定搭配

A．infigures以数字的形式B．infact事实上；C．inthered亏空，负债；D．inform形式上(与inreality相反)，情况良好。在本句中是指与现实相反，所以D为答案。

14.

Intheeighteenthcentury,thetownofBennington,Vermont,wasfamousforpottery.A.itmadeB.itsC.themakingD.whereits正确答案：B[解析]语法应用。

本句意为：在十八世纪，本宁顿城和佛蒙特城以其制陶业而闻名；因此应填代词的所有格。如：Thesmalltownisfamousforitsfinepark．这座小城以漂亮的公园著称。

15.

Theargumentabouttheinterpretationofthesentence______onthemeaningofoneword．A.hingedB.hinderedC.headedD.hunted正确答案：A

16.

PlayingamajorroleintheeconomiclifeoftheUnitedStates,______.A.womencurrentlymakeup46percentoftheworkforceB.currentlywomenmakeup46percentoftheworkforceC.theworkforceiscurrentlymadeupof46percentwomenD.46percentoftheworkforceiscurrentlymadeupofwomen正确答案：A[解析]结构识别

本句前半部分是分词短语作状语；由于主句主语应与分词短语主语(women)一致，currently是副词，修饰谓语；因此A为答案。

17.

Somepeoplebelievethat"KingJohn"waswrittenbyShakespeare,butsomepeoplethinkitmightbewrittenbyan______author.A.deliveredB.anonymousC.antiqueD.ambiguous正确答案：B[解析]delivered在……交货的，包括运费在内的；anonymous不知名的；antique古代的；ambiguous模棱两可的。

18.

Nextweekyou'dbetterbringallyourquestionshere.We'regoingtohaveaquestion-and-answer______.A.sectionB.serviceC.sessionD.course正确答案：D[解析]section部分，部件；service服务，服役；session会议；course过程，课程。

19.

Toimposecomputertechnology______teachersistocreateanenvironmentthatisnotconducivetolearning.A.withB.toC.inD.on正确答案：D[解析]固定搭配。

impose+名词+on/upon(对……)课税，使负担；把(想法等)强加(于某人)，强迫(某人)接受；如：Healwaystriestoimposehisopiniononothers．他总是想强迫别人接受他的意见。因此选D。

20.

Theelectroniccomputeris______someofthetasksthatwereonceaccomplishedbyourownbrains.A.takingcareB.takinginC.takingoffD.takingover正确答案：D[解析]takingcare当心；takingin接收，欺骗；takingo￡f脱衣，离开；takingover接管。

Part2VocabularyReplacement1.

Humanistsarguethathumanhistoryismarkedbyacontinuousconflictbetweenscientificandtechnologicalingenuityandthedemandsofthespirit.A.notedbyB.conformedwithC.certifiedbyD.characterizedby正确答案：D[解析]固定搭配

markedby以……为标志的；A．notedby被……记录下，被……特别提到，留意；B．conformedwith遵从，适应，与……一致；C．certifiedby由……鉴定的；D．characterizedby以……为特性的。因此答案为D。

2.

Oneoftherealservicesofthehistoricalnovelisnotthatitcanbeasubstituteforhistory,butthatitcanbea(n)extension.A.complimentB.supplementC.instrumentD.replacement正确答案：B[解析]本题中，extension的意思是“延长，扩展”。四个选项中，supplement的意思是“补充，附录”，如：supplementone'sordinaryincomebywritingbooks(著书以增加正常的收入。)compliment的意思是“称赞，问候”；instrument的意思是“工具，手段”；replacement的意思是“归还，复位”。只有B符合题意。

3.

From1965to1978Americanconsumerpricesincreasedatanaverageannualrateof5.7percent.Thisominousshiftwasfollowedbyconsumerpricegainsof13.3percentin1979.A.promisingB.overwhelmingC.threateningD.astonishing正确答案：C[解析]本题中，ominous的意思是“不吉利的”。C项的threatening“凶兆的”符合题意。其他三项“promising有希望的；overwhelming势不可挡的；astonishing令人吃惊的”都不正确。

4.

Mostofusthinkofsharksasdangerous,owingtolackofinformationratherthanfear.A.duetoB.becauseC.asD.for正确答案：A[解析]近义词辨析。

这几个词均有“因为”之意，但短语owingto和dueto，

becauseof常用来引出简短的原因：而because常用来引导原因状语从句：as和for做连词时，常用作书面语，起解释主句的作用，如：Asthisproblemisofgreatinterest，wewilldiscussitonceagain．因为这个问题很有意义，所以我们决定再讨论一次。Hewasrewardedforhisbravery．他由于勇敢而受到嘉奖。所以答案为A。

5.

Helencouldnothelpfeelingantipathytowardherfather'snewwifewhomhemarriedjusttwomonthsafterthedeathofHelen'smother.A.sympathyB.concessionC.compassionD.hostility正确答案：D[解析]本题中，antipathy的意思是“憎恶，反感”。D项“hostility敌意的”符合题意。其他三项“sympathy同情的；concession让步；compassion同情的”都不正确。

6.

Ideally,anatomicalinvestigationconsistsofacombinationofdescriptiveandexperimentalapproaches.Present-dayanatomyinvolvesscrutinyofthestructureoforganismsatmanylevelsofobservation.A.analysisB.recognitionC.evaluationD.examination正确答案：D[解析]本题中，scrutiny的意思是“详细审查”。D项的“examination审查”符合题意，如：MysuitcaseswereexaminedattheCustomswhenIenteredthecountry.(入境时，我的提包在海关受到了检查。)其他三项“analysis分析；recognition识别；evaluation评估”都不正确。

7.

Itwillalsodescribetheconsiderableregulatoryandpoliticalrisksassociatedwithsuchprojects,alongwiththestratagemsdevelopedtomitigatethem.A.tricksB.lawsC.complimentsD.semantics正确答案：A[解析]名词辨析stratagems战略，计谋；A．tricks诡计，骗局；B．laws法律；C．compliments称赞，恭维；D．semantics语义学；因此A为答案。

8.

Injustthreeyears,theNethasgonefromaplaygroundforthelocalpeopletoavastcommunicationsandtradingcenterwheremillionsswapinformationordodealsaroundtheworld.A.businessB.shoppingC.chattingD.meeting正确答案：A[解析]名词辨析。

deals交易，买卖；A．business商业，买卖，交易，生意，商行；B．shopping买东西，购物；C．chatting聊天；D．meeting会议，机会，会战，因此选项A为答案。

9.

Inthedesertedfactoryseveralhugemachineswerelefttorustanddecay.A.inaugurateB.disintegrateC.accelerateD.disseminate正确答案：B[解析]本题中，decay的意思是“腐烂，衰退”。四个选项中，disintegrate的意思是“(使)分解，(使)碎裂”，如：Theextractedcasewassoolditjustdisintegratedwhenaworkerpickeditup.(这个挖掘出来的箱子已很破旧，一个工人一提起来就散开了。)inaugurate的意思是“举行就职典礼”；accelerate的意思是“加速，促进”；disseminate的意思是“散布”。只有B符合题意。

10.

Theveryubiquityofelectroniccommunicationscanhaveasurprisingdownside,notesRichardKohn,amilitaryhistorianattheUniversityofNorthCarolina:awifebecomesaccustomedtofrequente-mailfromherhusband,untilhecan'tgettoacomputer.Andthenheranxietyincreases.A.failureB.undersideC.drawbackD.consequence正确答案：C[解析]名词辨析。

downside．消极面，负面影响。A．failure失败，故障：D．underside下面，内面，C．drawback缺点，弊病，障碍；D．consequence结果，影响，着重表示某件事情所造成的结果，常带有不良后果之意。

11.

Itisdeemedasimpolitetoleaveapartywithoutsaying"good-bye"tothehost.A.insistedB.condemnedC.convincedD.considered正确答案：D[解析]D项consider“考虑”与deem“认为”同义，其他选项均与句意不符：insist“坚持”、condemn“责难”和convince“确信”。

12.

Thesenatoragreedthathissupportofthemeasurewouldjeopardizehischancesforreelection.A.benefitB.endangerC.hinderD.disturb正确答案：B[解析]B项的意思是“处于危险境地，使处于危险”，而“jeopardize”表示“害处，危害，危险”故选B。A项“有利，益于”；C项“阻碍，阻饶”；D项“打搅”。[译文]参议员承认，对该措施的支持将会降低他再次获选的几率。

13.

Suchlegalentitiesprovidethemeansforinternationalcooperationandsupportofmacroprojectsrelatedtothemoonandmarsthatencourageglobalprivatesectorparticipation.A.existencesB.vitalitiesC.persistencesD.complicities正确答案：A[解析]名词辨析entities实体；A．existences存在，存在物；B．vitalities活力，生命力；C．persistences坚持，持续；D．complicities同谋，共犯；因此A为答案。

14.

Grocerypriceswereboostedagainlastmonth.A.attackedB.stabilizedC.fixedD.raised正确答案：D[解析]动词辨析

A．attacke攻击，抨击；B．stabilize稳定；C．fix使固定，修理，准备，凝视；D．raise升起，提高；而booste表示：提高，增加；所以D为答案。

15.

Allinformationreportedtoorlikewiseobtainedbythecommissionisconsideredconfidential.A.inasimilarwayB.inanotherwayC.inadirectwayD.inanunauthorizedway正确答案：A[解析]各项的意思是：inasimilarway以相同的方式；inanotherway以另外的方式；inadirectway以直接的方式；inanunauthorizedway以未被授权、未经许可的方式。划线单词likewise的意思是：照样地。句意是：所有报告给委员会的信息或以同样的方式从委员会获得的信息，都是机密。所以，答案是A。

Part3CorrectingGrammaticalErrors1.

Theborderwasactuallytwotowns,thoughnoonewasbigenoughtoamounttoanything.A.notoneB.neitheroneC.noneD.nor正确答案：B[解析]本句考查的是两者中的否定，应用neitherofthem或neitherone。所以选项B为答案。

2.

Hepaintedhisbedroomblack.Itlooksdarkanddreary.Heshouldchooseadifferentcolor.A.hadtochooseB.shouldhavechosenC.musthavechosenD.couldhavebeenchoosing正确答案：B[解析]本题考查时态。句意为：他将自己的卧室粉刷成黑色，看上去黑暗且沉闷；他本应选一个不同的颜色。“should/oughtto+have+动词过去分词”用来对过去应该做而实际并未做的动作进行评论，含有批评之意。因此，答案为B。

3.

Wedon'tplantogototheconcert,andsotheydon't.A.sodotheyB.theydon'ttooC.neitherdon'ttheyD.theydon'teither正确答案：D[解析]结构应用。

由and连接的这句话前半句是否定结构，后半句也要用否定结构；其形式有两种：neitherdothey(用neither句子要倒装)和theydon'teither．因此选项D为答案。

4.

Theearlyrailroadswereconnectedshortlinesintheexistingarteriesoftransportation:roads,turnpikes,canals,andotherwaterways.A.shortlinesthatconnectedB.thoseshortfinesconnectedC.connectedbyshortlinesD.shortconnectedlines正确答案：A[解析]本句意为：早期的铁路是些连接已有运输干线的短线，已有的运输干线指公路、收费公路、运河和其他一些水路。主句强调：早期的铁路是些短线，定语“连接已有运输干线的”是修饰shortlines的，因此A为答案。

5.

Thewell-knownGarubSite,unearthedin1997,showsthatmanhadmadelivingthereasearlyas5,000yearsago.A.humanhadlivedB.humanshadlivedC.humanbeinglivedD.humanbeingslived正确答案：D[解析]名词应用及时态应用

本句意为：1997年出土的著名的Garub遗址显示了人类早在五千年前就在那里生活了。表示“人类”时，一般用thehuman或humanbeing；humanbeing为可数名词，复数为humanbeings；因只是叙述人类五千年前就在那里生活这一事实，用一般过去时即可，所以答案为D。

6.

"Butyou'llbeabletocome,won'tyou?

Yes,Ithinksuch."A.thatB.itC.soD.this正确答案：C[解析]Ithinkso是固定搭配。think后面可以用so来避免重复已经表达过的想法。所以答案是C。与此用法相同的动词还有：hope，believe，suppose，imagine。

7.

Fouryearsago,quittingtheartisticdirectorofAmericanBalletTheatre,BaryshnikovfoundtheWhiteOakDanceProject.A.havequitas...wasfoundingB.havingquitas...hadfoundedC.beingquitas...foundedD.havingquitas...founded正确答案：D[解析]结构应用及时态应用

本句意为：四年前，Baryshnikov辞去了美国芭蕾舞剧院(AmericanBalletTheatre)的艺术总监之职，创办了白橡树舞蹈中心(theWhiteOakDanceProject)。动名词“辞职”的动作发生在谓语动词“创办”之前，因此要用其完成式，而谓语动词“创办”的动作发生在四年前，所以用一般过去时即可；答案为D。

8.

MycompanyisExcellentKitchenwareCompany,therenearbyisabigmarketforkitchenwareinourcity.A.therenearB.andtherenearC.therenearlyD.andnearbythere正确答案：D[解析]本题考查固定结构。句意为：我们是一家极佳的厨具公司，附近有一个我们城市最大的厨具市场。本句中包括therebe结构。且前后为并列句，故需用连词连接。Nearby意为“在附近”，符合句意。所以，答案为D。

9.

Hisheavydrinkingandfondofgambling,makeshimapoorrolemodel.A.andfactthathegamblesB.andthathegamblesC.andhegambleswhichD.andgambling正确答案：D[解析]结构应用。

本句考查的是平行结构的用法。(并列连词and，but，aswellas，or等连接的应是两个或几个同类的结构，语法上称为平行结构)本句中and连接的是两个动名词，所以选项D是答案。

10.

ShetoldmethatshehasalreadygonetotheUnitedStatesfourtimesbeforesheattendedthatconference.A.hadalreadybeenB.hasalreadybeenC.alreadywentD.wasalreadygoing正确答案：A[解析]“已去过美国四次”(现在已回来)应用havebeento，而不用havegoneto。此外“去美国”(hasalreadybeentotheUnitedStates)这一动作发生在“告诉”(told)之前，应用过去完成时hadalreadybeento。所以答案为A。

11.

Theengineersaregoingthroughwiththeirhighwayproject,inspitethattheexpenseshaverisen.A.justbecauseB.eventhoughC.asthoughD.nowthat正确答案：B[解析]本题考查连词用法。句意为：工程师正在进行高速公路计划，即使费用已经增加了。justbecause“正因为”，eventhough“即使”，asthough“仿佛，好像”，nowthat“既然”。根据句意可知，即使比较符合题意。所以，答案为B。

12.

Itmustcomplystrictlyinsafetystandardstobeacceptedbythepublic,andatthesametimeitmustdemonstratethatnohealthorenvironmentaldamageoccurs.A.thanB.toC.fromD.with正确答案：D[解析]固定搭配complywith遵守，服从；本句意为：为了被广大群众所接受，必须严格遵守安全标准；同时必须证明不会危及健康和环境。因此D为答案。

13.

AprofessorofeconomicandhistoryatAtlantaUniversity,W.E.B.DuBois,promotedfullracialequality.A.economyB.economicsC.economicalD.economic正确答案：B[解析]名词应用。

要注意这几个形近词的应用：A．economy经济，节约，经济制度的状况：B．economics经济学，C．economical节约的，经济的；D．economic经济(上)的，产供销的，经济学的，因此选项B为答案。

14.

Theveryrealandfarreachingimplicationsinherentinthecurrentchangesbeingexperiencedbygovernmentspaceports,withtermsoftheireffectuponthewholeinternationalspacecommunity,arealsohighlighted.A.fortermsofB.astermsofC.intermsofD.fromtermsof正确答案：C[解析]intermsof根据，按照，以……的观点，在……方面。本句意为：国家太空船发射降落场目前所具有的现实与深远的意义，就它们在整个国际太空领域里的作用是突出的。因此C为答案。

15.

Havingfinishedlunch,thecasewasdiscussed.A.theydiscussedthecaseB.theyhaddiscussedthecaseC.thecasewasdiscussedD.thecasehadbeendiscussed正确答案：A[解析]结构应用。

现在分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语一致。句中只能是they在discuss，分词逻辑主语是they，句子主语也应是they，所以选项C、D均不对；而前半句用的是现在分词的完成式，表示动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，所以选项A是答案。

ⅡReadingComprehension

Nowwhicharetheanimalsreallytobepitiedincaptivity?First,thosecleverbeingswhoselivelyurgeforactivitycanfindnooutletbehindthebarsofthecage.Thisismostconspicuous,evenfortheuninitiated,inthecaseofanimalswhich,whenlivinginafreestate,areaccustomedtoroamingaboutwidely.Owingtothisfrustrateddesire,foxesandwolveshoused,inmanyold-fashionedzoos,incageswhicharefartoosmall,areamongthemostpitiableofallcagedanimals.

Thoughpinionedswansgenerallyseemhappy,underpropercare,byhatchingandrearingtheiryoungwithoutanytrouble,atmigrationtimethingsbecomedifferent:theyrepeatedlyswimtotheleesideofthepond,inordertohavethewholeextentofitssurfaceattheirdisposal,tryingtotakeoff.Againandagainthegrandpreparationsendinapatheticflutteroftheirhalfwings;atrulysorrypicture!

This,however,rarelyawakensthepityofthezoovisitor,leastofallwhensuchanoriginallyhighlyintelligentandmentallyalertanimalhasdeteriorated,inconfinement,intoacrazyidiot,averycaricatureofitsformerself.Sentimentaloldladies,thefanaticalsponsorsofthesocietiesforPreventionofCrueltytoAnimals,havenocompunctioninkeepingagreyparrotinarelativelysmallcageorevenchainedtoaperch.Togetherwiththelargecorvines,theparrotsareprobablytheonlybirdswhichsufferfromthatstateofmind,commontoprisoners,namely,boredom.1.

Whatisan"outlet"inthecontextofthispassage?A.Anopportunityforexpression.B.Aplacetolet.C.Achanceofescapeintoawood.D.Anexitforamarketer.正确答案：A[解析]本题考查词义理解。根据文章第一段第二句“First，thosecleverbeingswhoselivelyurgeforactivitycanfindnooutletbehindthebarsofthecage.”可知，这些聪明的生灵向往自由活动的欲望在笼子里是无处发泄的。outlet指(精力、强烈的情感等的)发泄的出路。所以，答案是A。

2.

Whatdoes"theuninitiated"mean?A.Peoplewhovisitanimalsinurbanzoos.B.Peoplewhodonotlikeanimalsofthewild.C.Peoplewhoknowlittleaboutacertaintopic.D.Peoplewhodonotvisitzooseveryyear.正确答案：C[解析]本题考查词义理解。将解题点定位在第一段第三句“Thisismostconspicuous,evenfortheuninitiated,inthecaseofanimalswhich,whenlivinginafreestate,areaccustomedtoroamingaboutwidely.”．由此可知，这种情况很明显，甚至对没有经验的人也是这样。uninitiated缺乏某种特定经验的人。所以，答案是C。

3.

AccordingtotheauthorinParagraph1,whatanimalssuffermostincaptivity?A.Climbinganimals.B.Huntinganimals.C.Parrotinganimals.D.Singinganimals.正确答案：B[解析]本题考查推理判断。根据文章第一段第四句“Owingtothisfrustrateddesire,foxesandwolveshoused,inmanyold-fashionedzoos,incageswhicharefartoosmall,areamongthemostpitiableofallcagedanimals.”可知，狐狸和狼在所有笼养的动物中是最值得同情的。根据常识判断，foxesandwolves属于huntinganimals。所以，答案是B。

4.

Whatdoyouthink"hatchingandrearingtheiryoung"means?A.Raisingfamilies.B.Gettingonwellwithsmallerbirds.C.Behavinglikeyoungbirds.D.Attackingsmallerbirds.正确答案：A[解析]本题考查词义理解。Hatch意为“孵，孵化”，rear意为“培养，饲养”，hatchingandrearingtheiryoung的意思是“抚养孩子”。raisingfamilies“养家”；Gettingonwellwithsmallerbirds“与幼鸟相处良好”；Behavinglikeyoungbirds“行为像幼鸟”；Attackingsmallerbirds“袭击幼鸟”。比较可知，答案是A。

5.

Whichisthe"leeside"ofthepond?A.Thesidethewindisblowingfrom.B.Thesidewhichisshelteredfromastorm.C.Thesidethewindisblowingtowards.D.Thesidewherethewateristhedeepest.正确答案：C[解析]本题考查词义理解。Lee意为“避风的，背风的”，theleeside意为“背风面”。所以，答案是C。

6.

Accordingtotheauthor,swansincaptivityare______.A.happyunlesstheirwingshavebeencutB.happymostofthetime,butunhappysometimesC.unhappymostofthetimeD.onlyhappywhentheyarebringingupfamilies正确答案：B[解析]本题考查推理判断。根据文章第二段第一句话“Thoughpinionedswansgenerallyseemhappy...atmigrationtimethingsbecomedifferent”可知，尽管被囚禁了，但天鹅大部分时间都很幸福，但是迁徙时事情就有所不同了。据此推断，答案是B。

7.

Whateffectdoesconfinementhaveoncleveranimals,accordingtothetext?A.Theyneverstoptryingtoescape.B.Theylosealltheirmuscles.C.Theybecomeunhygienic.D.Theymaygomad.正确答案：D[解析]本题考查推理判断。根据文章第三段第一句“…suchanoriginallyhighlyintelligentandmentallyalertanimalhasdeteriorated,inconfinement,intoacrazyidiot.”可知，因为被关在笼子里，原本很聪明且很机敏的动物变成了疯狂的傻瓜。据此推断，答案是D。

8.

InParagraph3,theexpression"havenocompunctionin"mostprobablymeans"haveno______".A.reactiontoB.understandingofC.secondthoughtsaboutD.enlightenmenton正确答案：C[解析]本题考查词义辨析。将答题点定位在第三段第二句，根据语境可知，老妇女对于自己把鹦鹉放在一个小笼子里或是把鹦鹉拴起来没有任何悔恨之意。havenocompunctionabout“毫无悔恨”；reactionto“对……的反应”；understandingof“对……的理解”；secondthoughtsabout“重新考虑”，与上面词组意思接近。enlightenment“启迪”。由此可知，答案是C。

9.

Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsentimentaloldladies?A.Theydonotcareaboutanimals.B.Theyhatemakinganimalssuffer.C.Theyenjoymakinganimalssuffer.D.Theydonotrealizetheconsequences.正确答案：D[解析]本题考查推理判断。根据文章第三段第二句“Sentimentaloldladies，thefanaticalsponsorsofthesocietiesforPreventionofCrueltytoAnimals,havenocompunctioninkeepingagreyparrotinarelativelysmallcageorevenchainedtoaperch.”可知，这些老妇女是防止虐待动物协会的狂热支持者，但是，她们却把鹦鹉放在一个小笼子里或是把鹦鹉拴起来时，并没有意识到这样会使鹦鹉很痛苦。据此推断，答案是D。

10.

Whatdoyouthink"largecorvines"probablyare?A.Anotherkindofbird.B.Anotherkindofparrot.C.Anotherkindofswans.D.Otherbirdsthatconvinceus.正确答案：A[解析]本题考查推理判断。根据文章最后一句话中的“Togetherwiththelargecorvines,theparrotsareprobablytheonlybirds”，可以推断出corvines和parrots都属于一种鸟。所以，答案是A。

Wecanmakemistakesatanyage.Somemistakeswemakeareaboutmoney.Butmostmistakesareaboutpeople.Onemightsay,"DidJerrycarewhenIbrokeupwithHelen?""WhenIgotthatgreatjob,didJimreallyfeelgoodaboutit,asafriend?"Or"Didheenvymyluck?""AndPaul—whydidn'tIpickupthathewasfriendlyjustbecauseIhadacar?"Whenwelookback,doubtslikethesecanmakeusfeelbad.Butwhenwelookback,it'stoolate.

Whyarewewrongaboutourfriendsorourenemies?Sometimeswhatpeoplesayhidestheirrealmeaning.Andifwedon'treallylisten,wemissthefeelingbehindthewords.Supposesomeonesaystoyou,"You'realuckydog."Ishereallyonyourside?Ifhesays,"You'realuckyguy"or"You'realuckygal,"that'sbeingfriendly.Butifhesays,"Youarealuckydog."There'sabitofenvyinthosewords.Maybehedoesn'tseeithimself.Butbringinginthedogheputyoudownalittle.Whathemaybesayingisthathedoesn'tthinkyoudeserveyourluck.

"Justthinkofallthethingsyouhavetobethankingfor"isanothernoisethatsaysonethingandmeansanother.Itcouldmeanthatthespeakeristryingtogetyoutoseeyourproblemaspartofyourlifeasawhole.Butishe?Wrappedupinthisphraseisthethoughtthatyourproblemisn'timportant.It'stellingyoutothinkofallthestarvingpeopleintheworldwhenyouhavenotgotadateforSaturdaynight.

Howcanyoutelltherealmeaningbehindsomeone'swords?Onewayistotakeagoodlookatthepersontalking.Dohiswordsfitthewayhelooks?Doeswhathesayssquarewithhistoneofvoice,hisposture,thelookinhiseyes?Stopandthink.Theminuteyouspendthinkingabouttherealmeaningofwhatpeoplesaytoyoumaysaveanothermistake.

Therefore,whenyouhearsomeonesaying,pleasetrytoknowwhathereallymeans.Don'tjustlistentowhathesayswithyourearsbutfeelthewordsheuseswithyourhead.Inthisway,youmaymakelessmistakes.11.

Inthefirstparagraph,thewriterrecallssomethingsthathappenedbetweenhimandhisfriends.He______.A.feelshappy,thinkingofhownicehisfriendsweretohimB.feelshemaynothavereadhisfriendstruefeelingscorrectlyC.thinksitwasamistaketohavebrokenupwithhisgirlfriend,HelenD.issorrythathisfriendslethimdown正确答案：B[解析]细节题型

第一段最后两句：当我们回顾过去时，类似这样的一些疑问令我们不快；但当我们回顾过去时，一切已为时太晚。第二段第一句问：我们为何会误会我们的朋友或敌人呢?因此得知作者认为他可能没能正确地“读懂”朋友们的真正含义。因此答案为B。

12.

Inthesecondparagraph,thewritertalksaboutsomeonesaying,"Youarealuckydog."Heissayingthat______.A.thespeakerofthissentenceisjustbeingfriendlyB.thissayingmeansthesameas"Youarealuckyguy"or"Youarealuckygal"C.theworddogshouldnotbeusedD.sometimesthewordsusedbyaspeakergiveacluetothefeelingbehindthewords正确答案：D[解析]推断题型

见第二段第5-7行：There'sabitofenvyinthosewords.Maybehedoesn'tseeithimself.Butbringinginthe‘dog’heputyoudownalittle.Whathemaybesayingisthathedoesn'tthinkyoudeserveyourluck．(在这些话里有些嫉妒，也许说话人自己并没感觉到这些。但他引用了“狗”这个词就将你羞辱了一下，他的言外之意可能是他认为你不应有这个运气。)由此可推断出：有时说话人所用之词会给自己的言外之意留下线索。答案为D。

13.

Thispassagetriestotellyouhowto______.A.avoidmistakesaboutmoneyandfriendsB.sizeuppeopleC.avoidmistakesinunderstandingwhatpeopletellyouD.keeppeoplefriendlywithouttrustingthem正确答案：C[解析]主旨题型

本文讲得是：人在任何年龄都会犯错误；为了避免犯错误或少犯错误，我们不光要用耳朵听人们的话，还要用头脑去感知人们的言外之意。因此答案为C。本文要告诉我们如何避免在理解人们话语时犯错。

14.

Inlisteningtoaperson,theimportantthingis______.A.tonoticehistone,hisposture,andthelookinhiseyeB.tolistentohowhepronounceshiswordsC.tocheckhiswordsagainsthismanner,histoneofvoice,andhispostureD.nottobelievewhathesays正确答案：C[解析]细节题型

见第四段第1-3行：Howcanyoutelltherealmeaningbehindsomeone'swords?Onewayistotakeagoodlookatthepersontalking．Dohiswordsfitthewayhelooks?Doeswhathesayssquarewithhistoneofvoice,hisposture,thelookinhiseyes?(如何来理解人们的言外之意呢?一种方法就是仔细地看看说话的人的话与他的表情、语气、姿态和眼神是否相符。)因此答案为C。

15.

Inordertoknowwhathesays,thewriterwantsusto______hiswords.A.feelB.repeatC.listentoD.ignore正确答案：A[解析]细节题型

见最后一段最后两句，即：不要只用耳朵去听别人说的话，而是要用头脑去感知别人的话，这样才能少少犯错误。因此答案为A。

Itissimpleenoughtosaythatsincebookshaveclasses--fiction,biography,poetry--weshouldseparatethemandtakefromeachwhatitisrightandwhatshouldgiveus.Yetfewpeopleaskfrombookswhatcangiveus.Mostcommonlywecometobookswithblurredanddividedminds,askingoffictionthatitshallbetrue,ofpoetrythatitshallbefalse,ofbiographythatitshallbeflattering,ofhistorythatitshallenforceourownprejudices.Ifwecouldbanishallsuchpreconceptionwhenweread,thatwouldbeanadmirablebeginning.Donotdictatetoyourauthor;trytobecomehim.Behisfellow-workerandaccomplice.Ifyouhangback,andreserveandcriticizeatfirst,youarepreventingyourselffromgettingthefullestpossiblevaluefromwhatyouread.Butifyouopenyourmindaswidelyaspossible,thensignsandhintsofalmostimperceptiblefineness,fromthetwistandturnofthefirstsentences,willbringyouintothepresenceofahumanbeingunlikeanyother.Steepyourselfinthis,acquaintyourselfwiththis,andsoonyouwillfindthatyourauthorisgivingyou,orattemptingtogiveyou,somethingfarmoredefinite.The32chaptersofanovel--ifweconsiderhowtoreadanovelfirst--areanattempttomakesomethingasformedandcontrolledasabuilding:butwordsaremoreimpalpablethanbricks;readingisalongerandmorecomplicatedprocessthanseeing.Perhapsthequickestwaytounderstandtheelementsofwhatanovelistisdoingisnottoread,buttowrite;tomakeyourownexperimentwiththedangersanddifficultiesofwords.Recall,then,someeventthathasleftadistinctimpressiononyou--howatthecomerofthestreet,perhaps,youpassedtwopeopletalking.Atreeshock;anelectriclightdanced;thetoneofthetalkwascomic,butalsotragic;awholevision,anentireconception,seemedcontainedinthatmoment.

Butwhenyouattempttoreconstructitinwords,youwillfindthatitbreaksintoathousandconflictingimpressions.Somemustbesubdued;othersemphasized;intheprocessyouwilllose,probably,allgraspupontheemotionitself.Thenturnfromyourblurredandlitteredpagestotheopeningpagesofsomegreatnovelist--Defoe,JaneAusten,Hardy.Nowyouwillbebetterabletoappreciatetheirmastery.Itisnotmerelythatweareinthepresenceofadifferentperson--Defoe,JaneAusten,orThomasHardy--butthatwearelivinginadifferentworld.Here,inRobinsonCrusoe,wearetrudgingaplainhighroad;onethinghappensafteranother;thefactandtheorderofth