Unit3FoodandCultureReadingandThinkingLanguagepoints课件高中英语人教版选择性

Unit3Period2FoodandCulture

Languagepoints1.PriortocomingtoChina,myonlyexperiencewithChinesecookingwasinAmerica…

prioradj.existingorarrangedbeforesomethingelseorbeforethepresentsituation

先前的；优先的

priorto:

before

在……之前

egManypeopleenjoyrelaxingmusicintheeveningpriortogoingtobed.（翻译）

许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听轻松的音乐。

ThereisevidenceofagricultureinAfricapriorto3000B.C.（翻译）

有证据表明，公元前3000年以前，非洲就有了农业。adj.+toseniorto…比……年长的juniorto…比……年轻的priorto…在……之前的inferiorto…

比……差的superiorto…比……好的priorityn.优先考虑的事【语境应用】完成句子。1)___________________________________(由于事先另有约会),MrRichardsisunabletoattendthemeeting.2)_______________(我首先要考虑的事)istomakecustomerssatisfied.3)Theyhandedintheirhomework________________________(在约定的时间之前).Dueto/BecauseofapriorengagementMyfirstprioritypriorto/beforethesettime2.…whichconsistsoffriedchickencoveredinasweetsauce…

consistof:include;bemadeupof由……组成【归纳】由……组成bemadeupofconsistofbecomposedof【注意】consistof不能用于被动语态和进行时态，常考其现在分词短语在句中作定语。类似的短语还有datefrom/backto,belongto等。consistin=liein存在于consistwith相符，与……一致【语境应用】完成句子。1)Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs,forinstance,_________(由……组成)manyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.2)Class5,Gradethree,which________(consist)of36boysand12girls,istheexcellentoneofthewholeclassesinourschool.3)_________(consist)ofcrudeoilandnaturalgas,petroleumseemstooriginatefromorganicmatterinmarinesediment.4)Hediscoveredthatwhitelight_____________(make)manycolors.consistofconsistsConsistingismadeupof

3.Ontheotherhand,itdoestellusalotaboutAmericans.ontheotherhand另一方面，反过来说ontheotherhand可与ontheonehand(一方面)并列使用,也可单独使用。

ontheonehand…ontheotherhand…;foronething…foranother(thing)ontheonehand…ontheotherhand…

foronething…foranother(thing)“一方面……，另一方面……”，常用来表述一个事物的两个方面，通常用于引出不同的，尤其对立的观点、思想等。“首先……，再者……”，所述两个方面的情况常常一致。【语境应用】语法填空。_____theotherhand,moreandmoreboysandgirlsintheworldloveandjointheskateboarding.另一方面，世界上越来越多的男生女生们喜欢并加入到滑板这项运动中。On本句使用助动词does来强调谓语动词。此用法常用于一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中。do/does/did表强调结构：主语+do/does/did+谓语……egIdohopeyou’llforgivemebutI’vegottoleave.我真的希望你能原谅我，不过我得走了。在祈使句中用“do+动词原形”形式时，往往不表示命令，而表示强烈的请求，有时表达更加委婉的语气。egWendy,docomewithmeandtelltheotherboys.

温迪，一定要跟我来，讲给别的男孩子们听。用来加强句子语气的其他常见表达方式：1)Itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分。如果被强调部分指人，可用who代替that。该句型可强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语。2)倒装句式（把谓语或部分谓语提前）。【语境应用】语法填空。Finallyafter22yearsofstudy,ProfessorHuang’sdream____(do)cometrue.Thelittleboy,whoisinterestedinbiology,_____(do)growcrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.ItwaswhenIwentbacktomyhometown______Ifirstcameacrossmyformerfriends.diddoesthat4.______(tire),

(hunger),andnotknowingawordofChinese,wehadnoideahowtoorder.

又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐。(P26)Tired,hungry,andnotknowingawordofChinese为wehadnoideahowtoorder的状语，表示当时“我们”所处状态。同时，前面的部分又和sothechefjustbegan…相并列，表达因果关系。在Tired,hungry,andnotknowingawordofChinese

这个短语中，and并列连接了形容词和现在分词短语。英语中，形容词、分词以及由它们构成的短语常可用作状语。egShockedandfrightened,sheletoutacryandranoutofthehouse.(翻译)

受到惊吓，她大叫一声，跑出了房子。

Occupiedwithhispresentwork,hehadnotimeforchattingwithus.(翻译)

忙于目前的工作，他没有时间跟我们闲聊。

Practisinghardinsuchaway,mylittlebrothermaderapidprogressinhiscalligraphy.(翻译)

如此刻苦地练习，我小弟弟的书法进步很快。Tiredhungry1.Theteacherexpectsusall__________(become)goodpupils.2.Isawtheboy_________(laugh)atbyhisclassmates.3.Iheardhim________(sing)inthenextroom.4.Ifoundeverything___goodcondition.5.LastSundayIsawyou_____(出门)withyoursister.6.Nancynamedherpig

_____Rossplannedtonamehisson.7.Heisnotconsidered

______heusedtobe.tobecome不定式laughed过去分词singing现在分词in介词短语out副词(短语)whatwhat宾补从句主补从句Summary补语可以分为“主语补足语(主补)”和“宾语补足语(宾补)”两种。宾语和宾补之间往往呈现出逻辑上的主谓关系。宾语通常位于介词和动词后，可以用作补语的有：名词、名词词组、形容词、形容词词组、副词、介词词组、动词不定式、动词不定式短语、现在分词、现在分词短语、过去分词、过去分词短语、以及名词性从句。主补常出现在被动语态的句子中，即主动语态下的宾补，在被动语态下就变成了主补。1)使役动词；2)感官动词；3)表示建议、命令、请求、要求、愿望等动词后面可以加宾语+宾补。如：expect/wish/remind/warn/threaten/tell…sbtodosth。掌握“with+宾语+宾补”的用法，涉及宾补的考点多为doing,done和todo。即学即用1.(2023·全国I卷)NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteamerisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft_________(want)morenexttime.(2023全国I)2.Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes__________(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

(2020全国II)3.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem___________(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.(2023·全国I卷)wantingdecoratedtobelifted5.Myfavouritedishtherewas______(boil)dumplings______(serve)withvinegar.

在那里我最喜爱的食物是蘸着醋吃的水饺。(P26)ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforits________(intend)purposewas…

2006.Iwas

conductingauditionsformyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.________(hope)toimpresssome

talentedactorstocomeandworkformefornothing,Ispreadsomethrowsoverthesofasandlitcandles________(make)it

seemabitmore“youngprofessional”.intendedHopingto

make过去分词现在分词动词不定式boiled

served即学即用1.Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto________(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.(2023·全国II卷)2.Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,________(inspire)byThePeonyPavilion,__

(wasbuilt)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.(2024·全国II卷)3.Thesesepalsopenonwarmdays_______(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.(2024年全国I卷)visitinginspired

togive

Tips

解答此类试题首先要通过句子的结构分析确定是不是非谓语动词，然后根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式。如：1.作主语或宾语,就用动名词或不定式形式；2.作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，用动词不定式；3.作伴随状语或作定语,要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词或过去分词；4.有时也要根据句式搭配来确定，如see/hear/noticesbdo/doingsth,spend...doingsth等。写作运用___________________(observe/celebrate)onJanuary1lunarmonth,ChineseLunarNewYear’sDay,also______(call)theSpringFestival,ispopularwithalltheChinesepeopleallovertheworld.__________(compare)withmanyotherpeopleintheworld,Chineseenjoy___________(celebrate)theirtraditionalfestivalandthecomingofspring.AttheSpringFestival,mostpeopleprefer

______________

(stay)athome,______________(have)bigmealsand_______________(chat)withfamilymemberswhileothersmaytakeatrip_______(visit)theirfriendsor_________(spend)theirlongholiday.Besides,peoplewillsay“HappySpringFestival”__________(express)goodwishesforthecomingNewYear.Itisalsoachildren’sfestival,whentheycandressupandgototheirrelatives’homeswiththeirparents_______(get)luckymoneyinredenvelopes.Observed/Celebratedcalled

Compared

celebratingtostay/stayingtohave/havingtochat/chattingtovisit

tospendtoexpress

toget下星期一将有外宾参观你们的学校,你要代表学校向外宾用英语介绍中国的春节,请根据以下内容写一篇发言稿。中国的农历新年,也叫春节,在农历1月1日庆祝,世界各地的中国人都流行过春节。像世界上许多人那样,中国人喜欢庆祝自己的传统节日以及春天的到来。在春节期间,大多数人都宁愿呆在家里、吃大餐以及和家人聊天;而另一些人则外出去拜访他们的朋友或度长假。人们会说“春节快乐”,对即将到来的新年表达良好的祝愿。春节也是儿童的节日,这天他们可以装扮一新和父母去亲戚家讨压岁钱。6.…themostfamousfoodinShandongispancakerollsstuffedwithslicedChinesegreenonions.

stuffvt.topushorputsomethingintoasmallspace,especiallyinaquickcarelessway填满；把……塞进

n.

matter,material,articles,oractivitiesofaspecifiedorindeterminatekindthatarebeingreferredto,indicated,orimplied东西；物品egManychildrenhaveavarietyofstuffedanimalsintheirrooms.(翻译)

许多孩子在自己房间里收集很多填充动物玩具。

Couldyoumoveallthatstuffoffthetable?(翻译)

请你把桌上那些玩意儿全都拿走好不好？stuff…with…用……装/填/塞……stuff…into…把……装/塞入……stuffupone’sear塞耳朵【语境应用】单句语法填空。1)Everyroommusthavebeenstuffed______materialthings.2)Ihavetogorightnow–I’vegotstuff_______(do).3)Thissuitcaseisabsolutelyfull,soIcan’tstuffanotherthing_____it.4)Asherbrotherwasabouttosetoffthefireworks,thelittlegirlhastily________(stuff)upherears.withtodointostuffed7.Asaresult,theirtraditionalfoodsarewhatyoucancookoveranopenfire…asaresult:therefore;consequently

结果；因此【归纳】result短语asaresultof

由于；作为……的结果resultfrom

由……引起withoutresult

毫无结果地resultin

导致；结果【助记】易混词组辨析例子asaresult“因此，结果”，单独使用，一般放在句首，后面常加逗号Asaresult,thepassengercouldn’ttakehismedicineontime.asaresultof“作为……的结果，由于”，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语Millionswillfacestarvationnextyearasaresultofthedrought.asaresult,asaresultof【语境应用】单句改错。1)Marriagesusuallybreakdownasaresulttheshortcomingsofbothpartners.______________在result后加of句型转换。2)Hemadeonebigmistake.Asaresult,theemployerimmediatelyfiredhim.→Onebigmistakehas____________theemployer’simmediatelyfiringhim.→Thefactthattheemployerimmediatelyfiredhim

______________hisbigmistake.resultsfromresultedin8.Ataminimum,thekindsoffoodlocalpeopleconsume

telluswhattheygrowintheirregion…

minimumadj.theminimumnumber,degree,oramountofsomethingisthesmallestorleastthatispossible,allowed,orneeded最低(限度)的；最小的

n.

thesmallestamountofsomethingornumberofthingsthatispossibleornecessary最小值；最少量egTheminimumnumberofparticipantsweneedtocarryoutthisactivityisfifteen.(翻译)

我们开展活动需要的参与者人数至少为15人。【语境应用】完成句子。1)Theplanwasdesignedtoensuredisruptiontobusinesswaskept______________(到最低程度).2)Hewasonlyfivefeetnine,whichis___________________(最低身高)forapoliceman.3)Naturenowseemedabletospeakforitself,with_____________(至少)interference.toaminimumtheminimumheightaminimumofataminimum:

usedtosaythatifnothingelseisdone,thisonethingshouldbedone最起码，至少，最少egAtaminimum,youshouldspendtwohoursintheeveningstudyinginordertocatchupwithyourclassmates.(翻译)

为了赶上同学，你晚上至少应该花两个小时学习。consumevt.toeatordrinksomething吃；喝；饮；tousetime,energy,goodsetc消耗beconsumedwithsth.(某种情绪或念头)充满(内心)【拓展】consumern.消费者,顾客consumption

n.

消费；消耗WorldConsumerRightsDay国际消费者权益日（3月15日）【语境应用】翻译句子。1)

Manypeopleareunawareofjusthowmuchfoodanddrinktheyconsume.________________________________________2)Writingoutalltheinvitationsbyhandconsumedmoretimethanwehadexpected.________________________________________3)Theleft-overfoodwasconsumedwithjoyousabandon.______________________________许多人不知道自己到底消耗掉多少食物和饮料。手写所有的邀请函花的时间比我们预计的更多。剩余的食物被大家尽情地吃掉了。9.Whatwecansay,however,isthatcultureandcuisinegohandinhand…handinhand:①

iftwothingsgohandinhand,theyarecloselyconnected密切关联的②

iftwopeoplearehandinhand,theyareholdingeachother’shand手拉手常用的结构类似的短语：arminarm

臂挽着臂

daybyday

一天天dayafterday

日复一日

facetoface

面对面sidebyside

并排

stepbystep

一步一步地yearafteryear

年复一年

shouldertoshoulder肩并肩facetoface面对面地

headtohead交头接耳hearttoheart心贴心地“名词-介词-名词”结构可作形容词，常作前置定语。face-to-face面对面的

back–to–back背靠背的hand-in-hand手拉手的；亲密的heart-to-heart敞开心扉的head–to-head正面交锋的shoulder–to-shoulder肩并肩的

【语境应用】句子翻译。1)Forus,researchandteachinggohandinhand.

对于我们来说，研究与教学密切相关。2)Theywandereddownhandinhand,tillthedoctorstoodstill.

他们手牵手往下走，直到医生停下。10.Ataminimum,thekindsoffoodlocalpeopleconsumetellus_____theygrowintheirregion,_____kindsoflivestheylead,and______theylikeanddonotlike.当地人的食物种类至少能让我们知道该地区种植什么作物、人们过着怎样的生活以及他们的爱憎。(P27)what引导名词性从句常考改错类型集结：(1)Whatlighttravelsfasterthansoundisknowntoallofus.(2)Itisunknownthathowmanygiantlizardsofthiskindhavebeenalive.(3)Ithinkwhatheneedsmoreareconfidence.(4)Marywantstoknowhowhethinksofthetrip.(5)Whateverheneedsnowisalotoftenderlovingcare.Thatis

whatWhatwhat

what

what

1.这次经历中最令人激动的莫过于那些世外桃源的场景了。(2021·全国卷I)______________________abouttheexperienceistheout-of-thi