2024-2025学年高中英语课时作业十九Module5TheConquestoftheUniverseSectionⅢ含解析外研版选修8

PAGE5-课时作业(十九)Module5SectionⅢIntegratingSkills&CulturalCornerⅠ.单句语法填空1．Ofallthe________(consult),onlyMr.Wanggaveussomeproposalsrelevant.2．Theysetout________(solve)thepollutionproblemsassoonastheygottotheplace.3．Atlast，theboyacknowledged________(steal)themoneyfromhismother'spocket.4．Whenpayingforataxi,heneverlooksathiswallet—justtakesoutonenote________randomandhandsitover.5．________(devote)tohisteachingworkallthetime,andfindingthathewasreallyexhausted,theteacherdecidedtohaveagoodrest.Ⅱ.阅读理解AFindingasuitablenameforababyisabigdealinChina.WhenpickingoutaChinesename,parentsusuallyselecttwoorthreecharactersthathaveacarefullythoughtoutmeaning,butwhendecidingonanEnglishname,manyofthemstruggle.That'swhereJessupandhercompany,SpecialName,comein.Inthelastfewyears,Jessuphashelpedname677,900Chinesebabies,andearnedover$400,000intheprocess,morethanenoughtopayhercollegefees.JessupcameupwiththeideaforSpecialNamein2024,afteraccompanyingherfatheronabusinesstriptoChina.Oneofherdad'sbusinesspartners，aMrs.Wang,askedhertohelpchooseanEnglishnameforherdaughter.JessupfelthonoredandquicklyrealizedtheimportanceofchoosingapropernameinChineseculture.Thewomanwantedpeopletobesurprisedbythethingsherdaughtercouldachieve,soJessupsuggestedthename“Eliza”afterthecharacterElizaDoolittlefromtheplayPygmalion.Mrs.WangseemeddelightedwithJessup'schoice.“IfMrs.Wangneededthisservice，maybeotherparentswouldaswell，”Jessupthought.AfterreturningtoUK,Jessupborrowed￡1,500fromherparentsandpaidawebdesignertobuildawebsite，shethenspentherfreetimefillingupadatabase(数据库)witharound4,000Englishnames，associatingthemwithfivemajorpersonalitycharacteristics,likehonestyandoptimism.Inthebeginning,Jessupofferedtheserviceforfreetopromotethewebsite,butlater,shestartedchargingfees.Thebusinessisalmostcompletelyself­sufficient,requiringonlyasmallteaminChinathatmanagestechnicaloperations.Sheupdatesthedatabaseeachmonth,allowinghertofocusfull­timeonstudies.1．What'sthepurposeofSpecialName?A．TohelpChineseteensgoabroad.B．Tostrengthenchildren'spersonalities.C．TopickanEnglishnameforaChinesebaby.D．TomakeadealwithChineseparents.2．WhatinspiredJessuptosetupSpecialName?A．Asuggestionfromabusinesspartner.B．HerinterestinChineseculture.C．AChinesemother'srequest.D．Acharacterfromaplay.3．WhatdidMrs.Wangwantherdaughtertobeinthefuture?A．Awomanwithachievements.B．Afamousactress.C．Asuccessfulbusinesswoman.D．Awesterncultureexpert.4．WhatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphaboutSpecialName?A．Itoffersfreeservice.B．It'supdatedeveryday.C．It'soperatedcompletelybyitself.D．Itiseasytomanage.BHavinganolderbrothercomeswithplentyofbenefits.However,anewstudyfindsaninterestingdownside:childrenwitholderbrotherstakelongerwhenitcomestodevelopinglanguageskills.Thestudy,conductedbyagroupofresearchersinParis,France,buildsuponearlyresearchthathavingolderbrothersisassociatedwithpoorlinguistic(语言的)development.Now,researcherssaytheyhavecometoamorespecificconclusion:onlychildrenwithanolderbrothershowtheselinguisticdifficulties.Onewouldassume(假设)thatchildrenwitholderbrotherswouldgrowuparoundmoreconversationonadailybasis,thusspeedinguptheirlanguagedevelopment.Butresearcherssaysuchchildrenactuallytakelongerthantheirolderbrotherstobegindevelopingtheseskills.Researchersstudiedmorethan1,000childrenfrombirthtotheageoffive­and­a­halfyearsold.Eachchild'slanguageskillsweretestedatages2,3,and5.5,usingtestsspeciallydesignedtomeasuremanyaspectsoflanguagedevelopmentsuchasvocabularyandsyntax(句法).Whattheresearchteamdiscoveredwassignificant:childrenwithanolderbrotherhad,onaverage,atwo­monthdelayintheirlanguagedevelopmentcomparedtostudiedchildrenwithanoldersister.Asfarasexplainingthisphenomenon,researchershavegiventwoassumptions.Thefirstisthatoldersisterstendtotalkmoreoftenthanolderbrothers,whichwouldmakeupforparentsbeinglesspresentthantheywerefortheirfirstchild.Thesecondassumptionisthatoldersistersusuallycompetewiththeirbrothersandsisterslessthanolderbrothersfortheirparents'attention.Sofar,thestudy'sauthorssaytheycan'tsayforcertainwhychildrenwitholderbrothershaveahardertimedevelopinglanguageskills.Inthefuturethey'dliketoinvestigateitfurther.5．Whatdoestheword“downside”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．slide.B．advantage.C．upsidedown.D．disadvantage.6．Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A．Childrenwitholderbrotherswillspeakearlier.B．Nooneknowsexactlythereasonwhychildrenwithbrothersspeaklater.C．Childrenwithanoldersisterhadatwo­monthdelayinspeaking.D．Researchersstudiedover1,000childrenofallages.7．What'stheweaknessforthechildrenwitholderbrothers?A．Theparentswillnevercareaboutthemanymore.B．Theolderbrotherswillalwaysfightwiththem.C．Thedevelopmentspeedoftheirlinguisticskillswillbeputoff.D．Theywon'tenjoylife­longcloserelationshipswiththeolderbrothers.8．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Youngbrothersusuallyspeakearlier?B．Havingolderbrothersalwaysbenefitsyou?C．Parentsloveolderbrothersmore?D．Sistersoftencompetewithbrothers?Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DuringthesummerI__1__(go)toEnglandtovisitseveralplaces，__2__IhavelearnedthattheUnitedStatesandtheUnitedKingdomaredifferentincultures.Foronething,Englandisalotcleaner，__3__(include)thestreetsandtheair.Throughoutmywholetravelingexperience,IhavelearnedthatEnglandandtheUnitedStatesaresimilarbutarealsounlikeinmany__4__(culture)ways?InEngland,theyhaveadifferentdialectsosomeoftheirwordsdifferfrom__5__(us)．Theyalsousemorebicyclesthancars.Theirmethod__6__drivingisdifferenttoo.AmericansdriveontheleftsideofthecarandinEnglandtheydriveontherightsideofthecar.Therearemany__7__(different)inthewayweeat,too.InEngland,theyeatwithaknifeandfork.InAmerica,weeatFrenchfrieswithourfingersandwedon'tuseforksandknivesforthosekindsoffoods.InAmerica,coffeeis__8__mostpopulardrinkthatadultsusuallydrink.InEngland,theyhaveteainsteadofcoffee.__9__(general),IthinkthatthewaypeopleinBritainlivetheirlivesismuch__10__(simple)．课时作业(十九)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．consultants2.tosolve3.stealing/havingstolen4.at5.DevotedⅡ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个名为SpecialName的公司专为中国婴儿取一个英文名字。同时说明白公司成立的起因是一位中国母亲的恳求，以及公司成立过程和管理状况。1．答案与解析：C细微环节理解题。依据第一段中WhenpickingoutaChinesename,parentsusuallyselecttwoorthreecharactersthathaveacarefullythoughtoutmeaning,butwhendecidingonanEnglishname,manyofthemstruggle.That'swhereJessupandhercompany,SpecialName,comein.(在选择中文名字时，父母通常会选择两个或三个经过细致思索的汉字，但在确定英文名字时，他们中的很多人都很纠结。这就是杰塞普和她的公司“SpecialName”的由来。)可知SpecialName的目的是给一个中国婴儿取一个英文名字。故选C。2．答案与解析：C细微环节理解题。依据其次段中Oneofherdad'sbusinesspartners,aMrs.Wang,askedhertohelpchooseanEnglishnameforherdaughter.JessupfelthonoredandquicklyrealizedtheimportanceofchoosingapropernameinChineseculture.(她爸爸的一位生意伙伴王女士让她帮女儿选一个英文名字。Jessup感到很荣幸，并很快意识到在中国文化中选择一个合适名字的重要性。)可知一位中国母亲的要求促使Jessup设立了SpecialName。故选C。3．答案与解析：A细微环节理解题。依据其次段中Thewomanwantedpeopletobesurprisedbythethingsherdaughtercouldachieve,soJessupsuggestedthename“Eliza”afterthecharacterElizaDoolittlefromtheplayPygmalion.(这个女人想让人们对她女儿的成就感到惊异，所以Jessup建议用《皮格马利翁》(Pygmalion)中的人物伊丽莎·杜利特尔(ElizaDoolittle)来命名“伊丽莎”(Eliza)。)可知王太太希望她的女儿将来成为一个有成就的女人。故选A。4．答案与解析：D推理推断题。依据最终一段中Thebusinessisalmostcompletelyself­sufficient,requiringonlyasmallteaminChinathatmanagestechnicaloperations.(该业务几乎完全自给自足，只须要一个在中国管理技术运营的小团队。)可知从最终一段中我们可以推断出SpecialName很简洁管理。故选D。B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文章主要讲解并描述了有哥哥的孩子语言发育所需的时间更长，并结合探讨给出了相应的缘由。到目前为止，这项探讨的作者说，他们还不能确定为什么有哥哥的孩子在发展语言技能方面更困难。5．答案与解析：D词义揣测题。依据后文childrenwitholderbrotherstakelongerwhenitcomestodevelopinglanguageskills.可知一项新的探讨发觉了一个好玩的缺点：有哥哥的孩子在发展语言技能方面花的时间更长。故画线单词意思为“缺点”。故选D。6．答案与解析：B细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中Sofar,thestudy'sauthorssaytheycan'tsayforcertainwhychildrenwitholderbrothershaveahardertimedevelopinglanguageskills.可知到目前为止，这项探讨的作者说，他们还不能确定为什么有哥哥的孩子在发展语言技能方面更困难。由此可知，没有人准确地知道为什么有哥哥的孩子晚说话。故选B。7．答案与解析：C细微环节理解题。依据其次段中Whattheresearchteamdiscoveredwassignificant:childrenwithanolderbrotherhad,onaverage,atwo－monthdelayintheirlanguagedevelopmentcomparedtostudiedchildrenwithanoldersister.可知探讨小组的发觉很有意义：与有姐姐的孩子相比，有哥哥的孩子在语言发展上平均有两个月的延迟。由此可知，有哥哥的孩子的语言技能的发展速度将被推迟。故选C。8．答案与解析：B主旨大意题。依据第一段中However,anewstudyfindsaninterestingdownside:childrenwitholderbrotherstakelongerwhenitcomestodevelopinglanguageskills.可知，然而，一项新的探讨发觉了一个好玩的缺点：有哥哥的孩子在发展语言技能方面须要更长的时间。结合本文章主要讲解并描述了有哥哥的孩子语言发育所需的时间更长，并结合探讨给出了相应的缘由。故B选项“有哥哥总是对你有好处吗？”符合文章标题。故选B。Ⅲ.语法填空【语篇解读】本文为说明文。本文主要说明英国和美国的生活方式的不同。英国人的语言和美国既有相同点也有不同点。他们的驾驶方式不同，美国人坐在汽车的左边，而在英国，他们坐在汽车的右边。美国人吃炸鸡块用手指，而英国人用刀叉；美国人爱喝咖啡，而英国人喝茶。总体来说，英国人的生活方式更简洁。1．答案与解析：went考查谓语动词的时态。句意：暑假期间我去英国参观了几个地方，在那里我了解到美国和英国在文化上是不同的。依据时间状语Duringthesummer可知谓语动词用一般过去时went。故填