2024-2025学年云南省玉溪市高三上学期一轮复习摸底测试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1云南省玉溪市2024-2025学年高三上学期一轮复习摸底测试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatisDavegoingtodotomorrow?A.Writeanessay.B.Takeatest.C.Gocamping.2.WhatisOliviadoing?A.She’sreadingjobads.B.She’seditingapaper.C.She’swatchingthenews.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Teachingmethods.B.Onlinelearning.C.Englishculture.4.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Checkthewebsites.B.Changetoanewairline.C.Bookaticketinadvance.5.WhyisthewomanunhappywithJason?A.Hebrokeacompanyrule.B.Hewasabsentfromwork.C.Helostanimportantreport.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakersgoingtohaveapicnic?A.Onthebeach.B.Inthewoods.C.Bythelake.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablydoafterthepicnic?A.Dosomereading.B.Goswimming.C.Rideabike.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthewoman’smajornow?A.Politicalscience.B.Biology.C.Psychology.9.Whatmakesthewomanchangehermind?A.Extraclasses.B.Difficultexams.C.Delaysingraduation.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhywillMarkgotoCalifornia?A.Totrainanewmanager.B.Toopenabranchstore.C.Todoasalesanalysis.11.HowlongwillMark’sworkprobablytakeinCalifornia?A.Twodays.B.Oneweek.C.Twoweeks.12.WhomightgotoCaliforniawithMark?A.Peter.B.Jack.C.Lisa.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatisSusandoing?A.She’steachinggeography.B.She’sintroducinganartform.C.She’sconductinganinterview.14.WhatisCharlie?A.AwriterB.Aresearcher.C.Aphotographer.15.HowdidtheAmazonpeoplereacttoCharlie’svisit?A.Defensively.B.Favorably.C.Angrily.16.WhatdoesCharliewanttoshowthroughhisworks?A.ThenaturalbeautyoftheAmazon.B.Thedamagedonetotherainforests.C.Thehappysideofthelocallife.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whyistheplanforthevisitorschanged?A.Lackoftime.B.Badweather.C.Budgetcuts.18.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutthemuseumsatSouthKensington?A.TheyarefreeonThursdays.B.Theyareclosetoeachother.C.Theyareopenondifferentdays.19.WhenwillthespeakerprobablyleavetheNaturalHistoryMuseum?A.At1pm.B.At3pm.C.At6pm.20.Whatisthelaststopofthetour?A.TheNationalGallery.B.TheScienceMuseum.C.VictoriaandAlbertMuseum.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AUniversityofSouthernCalifornia(USC)OnlinePre-CollegeProgramApplicationrequirementsAdmissiondecisionsaremadeonarollingbasis.Applicantswhosubmitacompletedapplicationcanexpectanadmissiondecisionwithin5–7businessdays.·Includebasiccontactinformationfromyouandyourparent(s)orguardian.·Telluswhyyouwanttotakethecourseandalittleaboutyourselfthroughashort-answeressay.·Shareapieceofwriting,videoorsocialmediacontentthatrevealssomethingaboutyourself(optional).·Submitthe$35applicationfee.·Studentsmustbeatleast14yearsoldorolder.ProgramstartdateandapplicationdeadlinesCoursesofferedProgramdatesApplicationdeadlineTuitiondueinfullTuitionManagementOctober17–November18,2023October4,2023October10,2023$1,990Media&SocietyNovember19–December20,2023November6,2023November12,2023$1,990Cancellationandrefunds(退款)Applicationfeesandenrollmentdepositsarenonrefundable.Allcoursecancellationsrequestsmustbemadeinwritingtoprecollegeonline@.Anytuitionpaidtotheuniversitywillberefunded,notincludingfeesanddeposits,ifrequestedbytheapplicationdeadlinefortherelatedcourse.TheuniversitywillnotrefundtuitionforOnlinePre-CollegeExplorationcoursesforstudentswhoareremovedfromtheprogramduetobreakingourLetterofUnderstandingforOnlineParticipationandourStudentCodeofConduct.ScholarshipsUSCPre-CollegeProgramisproudtohonorfullscholarshipsforourOnlineExplorationCoursestostudentsenrolledinthesummersessionofUSCNeighborhoodAcademicInitiative(NAI).Qualifiedstudentswhoareenrolledingrades9–12cansendanemailforapplicationandenrollmentinstructionstoprecollegeonline@.1.Whichofthefollowingisrequiredforapplicants?A.Makingaten-minutevideo. B.Sharingapersonalphoto.C.Reaching14yearsold. D.Paying30dollarsforregistration.2.Whenisthelastdayofsubmittingyourapplicationifyou’reintoManagement?A.October17. B.October4.C.October10. D.November6.3.WhatdoesthePre-CollegeProgramofferqualifiedstudents?A.Fullscholarships. B.A100%refund.C.Anextrasummercourse. D.A2%discountoftuition.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了南加州大学在线大学预科课程，包括申请要求、课程时间、申请时间、取消和退款、奖学金等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Applicationrequirements部分中“Studentsmustbeatleast14yearsoldorolder.(学生必须年满14岁。)”可知，申请人需年满14岁。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Programstartdateandapplicationdeadlines表格中Management对应的“Applicationdeadline(申请截止日期)”和“October4,2023(2023年10月4日)”可知，如果你想申请管理专业，10月4日是提交申请的最后一天。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Scholarships部分中“USCPre-CollegeProgramisproudtohonorfullscholarshipsforourOnlineExplorationCoursestostudentsenrolledinthesummersessionofUSCNeighborhoodAcademicInitiative(NAI).Qualifiedstudentswhoareenrolledingrades9–12cansendanemailforapplicationandenrollmentinstructionstoprecollegeonline@.(南加州大学大学预科课程很自豪地向参加南加州大学邻里学术倡议夏季课程的学生颁发在线探索课程的全额奖学金。符合条件的9—12年级学生可向precollegeonline@发送申请和入学说明电子邮件。)”可知，该大学预科课程为符合条件的学生提供全额奖学金。故选A项。BFridaynight,Iwasstrugglingtochooseagoodmovietowatch.Ispent20minuteslookingthroughhundredsofchoicesatAmazonVideoandstillcouldn’tdecide.Inthebackofmymind,IwasthinkingthatIhadtochooseagreatmovietowatch,becauseifdidn’tIwouldbewastingmytime.Ithoughtthatinsteadofwatchingabadmovie,Iwouldbebetteroffusingmytimeinamoremeaningfulway(Iseethisasanopportunitycost).Afterseeingthereviewsandaskingaroundforsuggestions,endedupwatchingLaLaLand,apopularmoviethatmostofmyfriendshaveseenrecently.Thenextday,IwenttoDuaneReadetobuytoothpasteandwasoverwhelmedagainbythelargequantityofthechoice.Istartedwonderingifmorechoicesempowerconsumersorjustmakethemthinktheyareempowered,wheninrealitytheyarejustataloss.Fromfindingagoodrestauranttosearchingforyourlifepartner,everythingisallaboutchoices;bigorsmall,theyareallrelated.TakedatinglifeinNewYorkforexample.ThereareanendlessrangeofchoiceswhichcanleadtomanyNewYorkersfindingithardtomakeadecision.Itisabigcitywithalotoflonely“Icoulddobetter”peoplethatareconstantlysearchingforthenextbestone.Itdoesn’tcontradictwithprovidingpeoplechoicesandinformationtoempowerthem,asthereisdifferencebetweenhavingareasonablenumberofchoicesandanoverwhelmingamount.Whenweareoverwhelmedwiththenumberofchoiceswehave,weenduplesssatisfiedwiththechoicewemake.Youmightcalculatetheopportunitycostandthinkabout“whatif”.I’vestartedtorealizethatlivingalifewithsimplicitycansometimesbeachallenge,butitiscertainlyworthit.4.Whydidthewriterfindithardtochooseamovietowatch?A.Hethoughtwatchingabadmoviewasn’tmeaningful.B.Hedidn’tknowwhichmovieswerepopularamonghisfriends.C.HefounditchallengingtochoosefromsomanychoicesD.Hebelieveditawasteoftimetolookthroughhundredsofchoices.5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Livingasimplelifeisalwayschallenging.B.Morechoicesmayleadtodissatisfactionwithourdecision.C.NewYorkerstendtobediscontentedtheirdatingpartner.D.Opportunitycostiswhatweshouldconsiderwhenmakingadecision.6.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheendlesschoicespresentedtohim?A.Positive. B.Neutral. C.Unconcerned. D.Negative7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.LessisBetterB.MakeYourChoiceGoadC.MoreChoices,MoreOpportunitiesD.SimpleisBetter,LessisMore【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.D【分析】本文为夹叙夹议文。作者以自己挑选电影和挑选牙刷时的举棋不定为例，讲述了生活中处处面临挑战和选择，当这种选择多到无限多的时候，人们往往被大量的选择压垮而不知所措，很难做出决定。所以，在生活中，简洁就是富足，少就是多。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Ispent20minuteslookingthroughhundredsofchoicesatAmazonVideoandstillcouldn'tdecide.(我花了20分钟在亚马逊视频网站上浏览了数百个选择，还是无法做出决定)”可知，作者很难选择一部电影看，因为他发现从数百个选择中挑出一部非常有挑战性。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Whenweareoverwhelmedwiththeamountofchoiceswehave,weenduplesssatisfiedwiththechoicewemake.Youmightcalculatetheopportunitycostandthinkabout‘whatif’.(当我们被大量的选择压垮时，我们最终会对我们所做的选择不太满意。你可能会计算机会成本，并会想到‘假使…会怎样呢’)”可知，更多的选择可能会导致对我们所做的选择的不满。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Whenweareoverwhelmedwiththeamountofchoiceswehave,weenduplesssatisfiedwiththechoicewemake.(当我们被大量的选择压垮时，我们最终会对我们所做的选择不太满意。)”和第五段“I’vestartedtorealizethatlivingalifewithsimplicitycansometimesbeachallenge,butitiscertainlyworthit.(我开始意识到，过简单的生活有时是一种挑战，但它确实值得)”可推知，作者赞同简单生活这一理念，对于生活中有无穷的选择是持否定态度的。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者由生活中的两个艰难的选择说起，当我们面临太多的选择时，往往会不知所措，甚至有可能对我们所做的选择不太满意。所以，在生活中，简单就是富足，少就是多。D项“SimpleisBetter,LessisMore(简单就是富足，少即是多)”适合作标题。故选D项。CComfortfoodmakesapersonfeelgood.Foodhighinsugarorfattendstoimprovemoodsbystimulatingthebrain’srewardsystem.Soitmakessensethatmanyofusmayturntofoodforcomfortintimesofstress.There’ssomefascinatingresearchthatexaminesfoodasasourceofcomfort.However,themostinterestingthingaboutthisresearchmaybethatfoodsarefarlesscomfortingthanwetendtobelievetheyare.TraciMann,aprofessorofpsychology,andcolleaguesconductedaseriesofstudywithcollegestudents.Theresearchersexaminedhowmuchcomfortfoodsactuallyimprovemoods.Theyprovidedstudentswithoneofthethreefoodsthattheyhadindicatedweretheirtop,personalcomfortfoods.Afterproducinganegativemoodbyhavingthemwatchmovieclipsdesignedtoincreasetheirsadness,angerandanxiety,theresearchersofferedthestudentstheircomfortfood.Theyhadtoassess(评估)howtheyfeltbeforeandaftertheyweresupposedlycomfortedbyicecream,pizzaorwhatevertheyhadindicatedtheytypicallyatetofeelbetter.Allofthestudentscompletedthestudyontwoseparateoccasions:oncewhentheywereabletoeattheircomfortfoodandoncewhentheywereabletoeatanotherfoodtheyliked,buttheywouldn’tcallitacomfortfood.Theresearchersfoundthatcomfortfooddidimprovestudents’moods—butonlybyalittlebitandnotmorethantheotherfoodtheyliked.Inanotherstudy,comfortfoodwascomparedtonofoodatall,andstudents’moodsseemedtoimproveevenwhentheydidn’teatanything—mostlikelyjustduetothepassageoftime.Thetake-homemessagefromthestudies?Whilethecomfortfoodmaymakethepersonfeelbetterforthetimebeing,itdoeslittletoaddressemotionalproblems.Ofcourse,everyonecanindulge(纵情)inacomfortfoodfromtimetotime,butoverall,aimfortheseinstancestobetheexceptionratherthantherule.8.WhichaspectofcomfortfooddoTraciMann’sstudiesfocuson?A.Themeansbywhichitaffectsmoods. B.Itsroleinreducingnegativity.C.Theextenttowhichitliftsmoods. D.Itsimpactonphysicalhealth.9.Howwerethestudiescarriedout?A.Bycomparingstudents’feelingsondifferentoccasions.B.Byobservingstudents’differentreactionstofoods.C.Byanalyzingquestionnairesaboutcomfortfoods.D.Bycollectingdataaboutpeoplefromallwalksoflife.10.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Toexplainarule. B.Tointroduceaconcept.C.Topresentafact. D.Tomakeasuggestion.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FeelingNegative?TryComfortFood B.ComfortFoodMayNotWorkWondersC.TheScienceBehindComfortFood D.ComfortFoodTendstoBeUnhealthy【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍TraciMann教授和她的同事们关于安慰食物对改善情绪的影响的一系列研究，并给出了建议：可以对安慰食物偶尔放纵一下，但不应该依赖它来解决情绪问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“TraciMann,aprofessorofpsychology,andcolleaguesconductedaseriesofstudywithcollegestudents.Theresearchersexaminedhowmuchcomfortfoodsactuallyimprovemoods.”（心理学教授特蕾西·曼恩(TraciMann)及其同事对大学生进行了一系列研究。研究人员调查了有多少安慰食物能真正改善情绪。）可知，TraciMann的研究集中在安慰食物提升情绪的程度方面。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theyhadtoassess(评估)howtheyfeltbeforeandaftertheyweresupposedlycomfortedbyicecream,pizzaorwhatevertheyhadindicatedtheytypicallyatetofeelbetter.”（他们必须评估他们在吃了冰淇淋、披萨或任何他们认为能让他们感觉更好的东西之后的感觉。）可推知，研究是通过比较学生在不同场合的感受开展的。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中作者提到的“Whilethecomfortfoodmaymakethepersonfeelbetterforthetimebeing,itdoeslittletoaddressemotionalproblems.”（虽然安慰食物可能会让人暂时感觉好一些，但它对解决情绪问题几乎没有作用）推知，作者认为不能过度依赖安慰食物来解决情绪问题。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。这篇文章介绍TraciMann教授和她的同事们关于安慰食物对改善情绪的影响的一系列研究。研究发现，虽然安慰食物可以略微提升情绪，但它并不比人们喜欢的其他食物更有效。另一项研究表明。即使不吃任何食物，情绪也会随着时间的推移而改善。由此可知，这篇文章主要告诉读者：安慰食物不一定就能带来安慰。故文章最适合的标题是“安慰食物可能不会产生奇迹”。故选B。DBeeshaveevolvedtobeskillfulflyingbuilders.Workerinsectsteamuptofinishacomplexhive(蜂房)thatendsupbeingmanytimestheirsize.ItistheseinsectbuildingteamsthatinspiredMirkoKovac,aroboticistatImperialCollegeLondon,todevelopawaytoimprovetheflexibilityof3Dprinting.Atypical3Dprinterislimitedbytherangeofitsnozzle(喷嘴),andcanonlymakeobjectssmallerthanitself.DrKovac’steamhasremovedtheselimitsbygivingtheprinternozzlewings.Theydesignedasystemofflyingrobotsthatiscomposedoftwotypesofdrones:buildersandscanners.Thebuilderscarrythe3D-printingnozzle,whilethescannersareequippedwithcamerasthatmonitorthebuildingprocess.Thebuildingprocessswitchesbetweenbuildersandscanners,layerbylayer,printingandadjustinguntilthestructureiscomplete.Tostart,thebuilderhoversoveritsareaofoperationandbeginstoreleaseajetofbuildingmaterialasitmovesskillfullyalongitsflightpath.Oncethebuilderrobothassprayedalayerofmaterial,thescannerrobotfliesoverandinspectstheprogress.Thesystemthencalculatesthenextlayerthatthebuildershouldmake,whilealsocorrectinganyerrors.Theresearcherstestedthesystembybuildingbothalargecylinder(圆柱)madeoffoamandasmallcylindermadeofthecementmixture.Thetaskswerenotsimpleduetothedifficultyinensuringmaximumstability.DrKovac’srobotsmadeitwithflyingcolours—thecylinderswerebuilttobewithin5mmofthewidthandheightoftheplannedstructures,meetingBritishbuildingstandard.Whiletheserobotshavebeenshowntobecapableofmanufacturing,DrKovacbelievestheirprimaryusewillinitiallybeinrepair.Theflyingrobotscanoperateanywhere,makingthemidealforfixingthingsindangerousorinaccessibleplaces.Theserobotscouldbeusedmorequickly,cheaply,andwithlessrisktohumans.Thinkingmorelongterm,DrKovacevenseesapotentialfutureforhisconstructionrobotsbuildingonthesurfacesoftheMoonorMars.12.WhatisthedesignofDrKovac’steambasedon?A.Beesbuildinghiveswhileflying. B.Beesflyinginaflexibleway.C.Beesgrowingbiggerthanthehive. D.Beesworkingtogetherasateam.13.Whatisthefunctionofthebuildersinthebuildingprocess?A.Correctinganyerrors. B.Sprayingconstructionmaterial.C.Carryingthescanningcamera. D.Monitoringthebuildingprocess.14.Whatdoes“madeitwithflyingcolours”underlinedinParagraph4mean?A.Lostbalanceinthesky. B.Passedthetestexcellently.C.Stoppedtheworkhalfway. D.Madethecylinderscolourful.15.WhatmighttheflyingrobotsfirstbeusedtodoaccordingtoDrKovac?A.Manufactureproducts. B.Constructbuildings.C.Repairdamageinriskyplaces. D.Monitorairpollutioninthesky.【答案】12.A13.B14.B15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了受到蜜蜂飞行建筑团队的启发，Kovac博士开发了一种提高3D打印灵活性的方法，消除了以往3D打印机因喷嘴喷射范围有限，只能制造比自身小的物体的局限。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Beeshaveevolvedtobeskillfulflyingbuilders.Workerinsectsteamuptofinishacomplexhive(蜂房)thatendsupbeingmanytimestheirsize.ItistheseinsectbuildingteamsthatinspiredMirkoKovac,aroboticistatImperialCollegeLondon,todevelopawaytoimprovetheflexibilityof3Dprinting.（蜜蜂已经进化成熟的飞行建筑师。工蜂组队完成一个最终是它们体积数倍大的复杂蜂房。正是这些昆虫建筑团队启发了伦敦帝国理工学院的机器人专家MirkoKovac，他开发了一种提高3D打印灵活性的方法。）”可知，Kovac博士团队的设计立足于蜜蜂在飞行时建造蜂房。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Tostart,thebuilderhoversoveritsareaofoperationandbeginstoreleaseajetofbuildingmaterialasitmovesskillfullyalongitsflightpath.（首先，建筑师在它的操作区域上空盘旋，当沿着它的飞行路径巧妙地移动时，它开始释放建筑材料的射流。）”可知，这款3D打印机中建造师的功能是喷射建筑材料。故选B项。【14题详解】短语猜测题。根据第四段中“DrKovac’srobotsmadeitwithflyingcolours—thecylinderswerebuilttobewithin5mmofthewidthandheightoftheplannedstructures,meetingBritishbuildingstandard.（Kovac博士的机器人……——这些圆柱体建造得和计划结构的宽度和高度都保持误差在5毫米以内，符合英国建筑标准。）”可知，最终的成品是符合标准的，因此机器人应该是成功达到了预期的目标。由此推知，madeitwithflyingcolours意为“成功做到了”，与B项Passedthetestexcellently“出色地通过了测试”意思一致。故选B项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Whiletheserobotshavebeenshowntobecapableofmanufacturing,DrKovacbelievestheirprimaryusewillinitiallybeinrepair.Theflyingrobotscanoperateanywhere,makingthemidealforfixingthingsindangerousorinaccessibleplaces.（虽然这些机器人已被证明具有制造能力，但Kovac博士认为，它们最初的主要用途将是修理。飞行机器人可以在任何地方操作，这使得它们非常适合在危险或难以接近的地方修理东西。）”可知，Kovac博士认为飞行机器人将首先用于在危险的地方修理东西。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeoplethinkthatpositivethinkingismostlyaboutkeepingone'sheadinthesandandignoringdailyproblems,tryingtolookoptimistic.Inrealityithasmoretodowiththewayanindividualtalkstohimself.Self-talkisaconstantstreamofthoughtsofaperson,whoisoftenunawareanduncertainofsomeevents,phenomena,people,oreventhepersonhimself.___16____Meanwhile,positivethinkingcanhelptostopnegativeself-talksandstarttoformapositiveviewonanissue.Peoplewhoregularlypracticepositivethinkingtendtosolveproblemsmoreeffectively.Theyarelessexposedtostresscausedbyexternalfactors.Theytendtobelieveinthemselvesandinwhattheydo.____17____Peoplewhothinkpositivelydemonstrateincreasedlifespans,lowerratesofdepressionandanxiety,betterphysicalandpsychologicalhealth,reducedrisksofdeathfromheartproblems.Positivethinkingalsocontributestoone'sabilitytodealwithproblemsandhardships.__18___Forexample,researchershavefoundthatinthecaseofacrisisaccompaniedbystrongemotions,suchasanaturaldisaster,positivethinkingcanprovideasortofbufferagainstdepressionandanxiety.Resilientpeoplewhothinkpositivelytendtotreateveryproblemasachallenge,achanceforimprovementofanykind,orasanopportunityforpersonalgrowth.Pessimists,onthecontrary,tendtoperceiveproblemsasasourceofadditionalstress.____19____Inconclusion,positivethinkingisapowerfulandeffectivetoolfordealingwithhardtimesandimprovingthequalityofone'slife.Itdoesn'thaveanythingtodowithignorantoptimismwhenanindividualrefusestonoticeaproblem.___20_____Thinkinginapositive,self-encouragingwaybringsaboutmanybenefitstoone'sphysicalandmentalhealth.A.Itdoesn'tcauseanysevereemotionaldiscomfort,either.B.Negativeself-talkdamagesself-confidenceanddecreasesself-respect.C.Ithelpsonetoremainclear-headedandconfidentindifficultsituations.D.Positivethinkinghasseveralbeneficialeffectsonthebodyandthemind.E.Asthinkingchanges,anindividual'sbehaviourandhabitschangeaswell.F.Theyoftenofferarealalternativetothecommonandregularwayofthinking.G.Theyoftenfeeldiscouragedlongbeforetryingtosolvetheproblem,evenifsmall.【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.G20.A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了积极思考对人产生的各种益处，同时将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，分析两种人的差异。积极思维是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。【16题详解】根据上文“Self-talkisaconstantstreamofthoughtsofaperson,whoisoftenunawareanduncertainofsomeevents,phenomena,people,oreventhepersonhimself.(自我对话是一个人持续不断的想法，他常常对一些事件、现象、人，甚至是他自己都没有意识和不确定)”以及后文“Meanwhile,positivethinkingcanhelptostopnegativeself-talksandstarttoformapositiveviewonanissue.(同时，积极的思考可以帮助停止消极的自我对话，开始形成对一个问题的积极的观点)”由此可知，上文对自我对话进行了定义，后文则提到了积极的思考可以有助于停止消极的自我对话，可知本句是在说明消极的自我对话对人的不良影响。后文中negativeself-talks可对应到B选项中Negativeself-talk。故B选项“消极的自言自语会损害自信，降低自尊”符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】根据后文“Peoplewhothinkpositivelydemonstrateincreasedlifespans,lowerratesofdepressionandanxiety,betterphysicalandpsychologicalhealth,reducedrisksofdeathfromheartproblems.Positivethinkingalsocontributestoone'sabilitytodealwithproblemsandhardships.(积极思考的人寿命更长，抑郁和焦虑率更低，身心更健康，死于心脏问题的风险更低。积极的思考也有助于一个人处理问题和困难的能力)”由此可知，后文提到了积极思考对人的益处，后文中Peoplewhothinkpositively以及Positivethinking可对应到D选项中Positivethinking。故D选项“积极思考对身心有几个有益的影响”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据后文“Forexample,researchershavefoundthatinthecaseofacrisisaccompaniedbystrongemotions,suchasanaturaldisaster,positivethinkingcanprovideasortofbufferagainstdepressionandanxiety.(例如，研究人员发现，当危机伴随着强烈的情绪时，比如自然灾害，积极的思考可以为抑郁和焦虑提供一种缓冲)”可知，后文举出的例子说明了积极思考可以让一个人在面临危机时，保持冷静。故C选项“它帮助一个人在困难的情况下保持头脑清醒和自信”符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】根据上文“Resilientpeoplewhothinkpositivelytendtotreateveryproblemasachallenge,achanceforimprovementofanykind,orasanopportunityforpersonalgrowth.Pessimists,onthecontrary,tendtoperceiveproblemsasasourceofadditionalstress.(积极思考的、有韧性的人倾向于把每一个问题都看作是一个挑战，一个改进的机会，或者一个个人成长的机会。相反，悲观主义者倾向于将问题视为额外压力的来源)可知，上文在将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，本句应承接上文，进一步解释说明悲观主义者在解决问题时一些性格特点。上文Pessimists可对应到G选项中They。故G选项“他们常常在试图解决问题之前就感到气馁，即使是很小的问题”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据上文“Inconclusion,positivethinkingisapowerfulandeffectivetoolfordealingwithhardtimesandimprovingthequalityofone'slife.Itdoesn'thaveanythingtodowithignorantoptimismwhenanindividualrefusestonoticeaproblem.(总之，积极思考是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。当一个人拒绝注意到一个问题时，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系)”可知，本句承接上文进一步说明一个人拒绝注意到问题的影响，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系，也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适。故A选项“它也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适”符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihadneverbeenawayfromhome,atleastnotformorethanthreedays,muchlesstwowholeweeks.WhenIgotthechancetogotoJournalismCamp,Iwas___21___.WhatifIhadtogohomeduringcamptimebecauseIwouldn’tbeableto___22___?WhatifmyroommateandIdidn’t___23___?WhatifIdidn’tknowhowtouseawashingmachine?Well,afterthefirstnight,nearlyallofmy___24___wereanswered.Thestudentswereamazing,andmyroommatewas___25___.Shealwayslistenedtomepatiently!Thetwoweeksnearlyflewby,andIlearnedtotake___26___formyself:washingclothes,cleaningandallocating(分配)myweeklypocketmoneyto___27___itforallmeals.However,intheprocessIdidn’trealizehow___28___Ihadbecometotheroutineofwakingupearly,runningtogettothenewsroomintime,andcomingbacktoawaitingroom.Onthelastday,Icouldn’tgetmyselfto___29___inmyroomkeys.Itcouldn’tbeover.Ibecomeemotionallytiedreallyeasily,anditwas___30___formetopullaway.Icouldn’t___31___awaymytears.Returninghome,Iwasinthestateof___32___forafewdays.Ikepttomyself,sleepingthroughmostofthedaysoIwouldn’thavetimetolookback.Thiswasmy___33___.YetIneededtogetadjustedtolifeathomeagain.Ihadtolearnto___34___thatthecampwasoverandthatnotallthings___35___forever.IcouldstillkeepintouchwithmynewfriendsandlookforwardtootherexperiencesIwillhave.21.A.tired B.scared C.excited D.surprised22.A.match B.behave C.follow D.adjust23.A.workout B.partwith C.getalong D.makeup24.A.questions B.solutions C.decisions D.feelings25.A.perfect B.skillful C.mean D.modest26.A.improvement B.sympathy C.responsibility D.consideration27.A.get B.buy C.spread D.taste28.A.patient B.tied C.lonely D.direct29.A.turn B.put C.take D.hold30.A.wrong B.simple C.hard D.sure31.A.take B.push C.save D.set32.A.sadness B.anger C.tension D.curiosity33.A.award B.practice C.mistake D.challenge34.A.receive B.withdraw C.appreciate D.accept35.A.enjoy B.last C.hold D.miss【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.A26.C27.C28.B29.A30.C31.B32.A33.D34.D35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在新闻营的经历，从一开始的担心害怕，到结束时的依依不舍。作者从中学到了很多。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我有机会去新闻营的时候，我很害怕。A.tired疲惫的；B.scared害怕的；C.excited激动的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据上文“Ihadneverbeenawayfromhome,atleastnotformorethanthreedays,muchlesstwowholeweeks.(我从来没有离开过家，至少没有超过三天，更不用说整整两个星期了)”以及第二段的三个问句可知，作者对于离家感到害怕担心。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我在夏令营期间不得不回家，因为我无法适应呢？A.match匹配；B.behave行为；C.follow跟随；D.adjust调整，适应。根据上文“IhadtogohomeduringcamptimebecauseIwouldn’tbeableto”指因为不适应不得不回家。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我的室友和我合不来怎么办？A.workout锻炼；B.partwith放弃；C.getalong相处；D.makeup编造。根据上文“myroommateandIdidn’t”指作者和室友的相处，故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在第一夜之后，我几乎所有的问题都得到了解答。A.questions问题；B.solutions解决方案；C.decisions决定；D.feelings感觉。此处指上文“WhatifIhadtogohomeduringcamptimebecauseIwouldn’tbeabletoadjust?WhatifmyroommateandIdidn’tgetalong?WhatifIdidn’tknowhowtouseawashingmachine?(如果我在夏令营期间不得不回家，因为我无法适应呢？如果我的室友和我合不来怎么办？如果我不会用洗衣机怎么办？)”等三个问题得到了解答。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们都很棒，我的室友也很完美。A.perfect完美的；B.skillful熟练的；C.mean吝啬的；D.modest谦虚的。根据后文“Shealwayslistenedtomepatiently!(她总是耐心地听我说话！)”可知，作者觉得室友也很完美。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个星期很快就过去了，我学会了为自己负责：洗衣服，打扫卫生，分配每周的零花钱来支付所有的餐费。A.improvement改善；B.sympathy同情；C.responsibility责任；D.consideration考虑。根据后文“formyself:washingclothes,cleaning”指对自己负责，应用takeresponsibilityforoneself。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个星期很快就过去了，我学会了为自己负责：洗衣服，打扫卫生，分配每周的零花钱来支付所有的餐费。A.get得到；B.buy购买；C.spread传播；分配；D.taste品尝。根据上文“allocating (分配)

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