山东师范大学阅读（2）期末复习题

一.

ReadingComprehension1.(20分)

TheBeginningofMoney

Intheearlieststagesofman’sdevelopmenthehadnomoreneedofmoneythananimalshave.Hewascontentwithverysimpleformsofshelter,madehisownroughtoolsandweaponsandcouldprovidefoodandclothingforhimselfandhisfamilyfromnaturalmaterialsaroundhim.Ashebecamemorecivilized,however,hebegantowantbettershelter,moreefficienttoolsandweapons,andmorecomfortableandmorelastingclothingthancouldbeprovidedbyhisownneighborhoodorbytheworkofhisownunskilledhands.Forthesethingshehadtoturntotheskilledpeoplesuchassmiths,leatherworkersorcarpenterswhowerespringingupeverywhere.Itwasthenthatthequestionofpaymentarose.

Afterfirsthegotwhathewantedbyasimpleprocessofexchange.Thesmithwhohadnotthetimetolookafterlandorcattlewasgladtotakemeatorgrainfromthefarmerinexchangeforanaxeoraplough.ButasmoreandmoregoodswhiInveryearlytimes_________.A.ChildrendidnotneedmoneyB.MenneededanimalsmorethantheyneededmoneyC.MendidnotneedmoneyatallD.Menneededmoneymorethananimalsdid参考答案：CWhywereearlymencontentwiththeirsimplelife?A.Theydidnothavemoney.B.TheyhadnobettertoolsthantheirroughonesC.TheycouldprovidefoodandclothingandsimpleshelterforthemselvesD.Theygadbeencivilized参考答案：CAsmenbecamemorecivilizedthey_______A.alllearnttomakewhattheywantedthemselvesB.hadtotravelalottolookforwhattheywantedC.gotthingsfromotherpeoplewhoknewhowtomakethembetterD.foundeverythingmoreexpensive参考答案：CThenandonlythendidmen________A.comeacrosstheproblemofpaymentB.turntothoseskilledpeoplefortheirservicesC.beginmakingaprofitD.begintousemetalcoin参考答案：AWhentheybeganthesystemofexchange_______A.ThesmithtooksomemeattothefarmerB.ThefarmergaveanaxetothesmithC.ThesmithgaveanaxeoraploughtothefarmerD.Thefarmertooksomegrainfromthesmith参考答案：CThesimpleprocessofexchange_____A.onlymadethingsmorecomplicatedB.wasnotatallsatisfactoryC.couldnoteasilyfixexchangevalueD.providedeveryonewitheverythingheneeded参考答案：CThesystemofexchangegotdifficultbecausethiskindofthinghappened:______A.TheshoemakercouldnotgetleatherfromthehunterbecausethehunterhadnoleatherB.ThehunterwouldnotexchangehisleatherforshoesbecausehekidnotwantanyshoesC.ThehunterwouldnotgiveleathertotheshoemakerbecausetheshoemakerhadnoshoesreadytogivehimD.Thehuntercouldnotgetleatherfromtheshoemakerbecausethehunterhadnoshoes参考答案：CThephrase“bydegrees”means________A.“naturally”B.“stepbystep”C.“slowly”D.“quickly”参考答案：BBeforepeopleusedmetalcoinstheyused________A.shellsorseedsbecausetheycouldbeeasilyhandledB.camelseventhoughtheywerelargeC.flatstoneseventhoughtheywerelargeD.alloftheabove参考答案：DMoneywasnotuseduntil_______A.AnurgentneedforitwasfeltB.AsimpleprocessofexchangecametobepracticedC.NothingcouldbeofferedinexchangeD.Theexchangeofonethingforanotherbecametoocomplicated参考答案：D2.(20分)

Aging

Agingistheprocessofgrowingold.Itoccurseventuallyineverylivingthingprovided,ofcourse,thatanillnessoraccidentdoesnotkillitprematurely.Themostfamiliaroutwardsignsofagingmaybeseeninoldpeople,suchasthegreyingofthehairandthewrinklingoftheskinSignsofaginginapetdogorcatincludelossofplayfulnessandenergy,adeclineinhearingandeyesight,orevenaslightgrayingofthecoat.Plantsagetoo,butthesighsaremuchhardertodetect.

Mostbodypartsgrowbiggerandstronger,andfunctionmoreefficientlyduringchildhood.Theyreachtheirpeakatthetimeofmaturity,orearlyadulthood.Afterthat,theybegintodecline.Bones,forexample,graduallybecomelighterandmorebrittle.Intheaged,thejointsbetweenthebonesalsobecomerigidandmoreinflexible.Thiscanmakemovingverypainful.

AllthemajororgansofthebodyshowsignsWhatisthemainideainthefirstparagraph?A.SignsofagingareeasiertodetectinanimalsthaninplantsB.AgingoccursineverylivingthingafterithasreachedmaturityC.TheoutwardsignsofagingmaybeseeninoldpeopleD.Notallsignsofagingarevisible参考答案：BThehumanbodybeginstolosevigorandtheabilitytofunctionefficiently_____A.duringchildhoodB.beforereachingadulthoodC.soonafterreachingadulthoodD.inoldage参考答案：CInoldagethebones_______.A.becomemoreflexibleB.

becomeheavierC.breakeasilyD.causemuchpain参考答案：CWhenthebrainbeginstoage______.A.eyesightwillbegintooB.

itbecomeslighterC.thethinkingprocessesstopD.memorizationdeclines参考答案：D“Thearteries”refersto_______.A.thepathsalongwhichbloodflowstoallpartsofthebodyB.thetubescarryingbloodbacktotheheartC.vesselsthatarethickenedandconstrictedD.suchheartdiseasesassufferedbyoldpeople参考答案：AManyofthediseasesofoldpeoplearetheresultof______A.lackofbloodB.lowbloodpressureC.thethickeningofthebloodvesselsD.poorbloodcirculation参考答案：C“Agingisnotauniformprocess”meansthat_______A.oldpeopledonothavethesameoutwardsignsofagingB.notallpeopleageatthesameageC.theprocessofagingisslowD.nervecellsandmusclefibresdonotagesimultaneously参考答案：BWhichofthestatementsaboutagingisfalse?A.PeoplevaryintheirrateofagingB.ThecellsofthebodyageindifferentwaysC.ThevariouspartsofthebodydonotwearoutatthesamerateD.Allbodycellsoncewornoutcanneverbereplaced参考答案：DWhichpieceofinformationisgiveninthepassage?A.GerontologistscangivemanalongerlifeB.GerontologistscanpreventdiseasesconnectedwithagingC.Gerontologistshavediscoveredthatagingiscontrolledbyabuilt-inbiologicaltime-clockD.Gerontologistsarestudyinghowtheycanslowdowntheprocessofaging参考答案：CAccordingtothepassage,whatconditionisresponsibleformanyofthediseasesoftheold?A.PeoplevaryintheirrateofagingB.ThecellsofthebodyageindifferentwaysC.ThevariouspartsofthebodydonotwearoutatthesamerateD.Allbodycellsoncewornoutcanneverbereplaced参考答案：C二.

Choosethebestmeaningoftheunderlinedwords3.(2分)Thepressureontheincrease_____valuewillbedecreasednextyear.A.overB.inC.forD.on参考答案：B4.(2分)Themanagerannounceswith______________thatthepricesmustbeincreased.A.pityB.blameC.regretD.sympathy参考答案：C5.(2分)Itwasmerely_____________chancethathediscoveredthemistake.A.inB.onC.fromD.by参考答案：D6.(2分)Doyouthinkthispresentis___________foralittlegirl?A.sufficientB.qualifiedC.suitableD.useful参考答案：C7.(2分)Theviolinandthepianoseemedtobeoutof______together.A.luckB.tuneC.toneD.line参考答案：B8.(2分)Theharbourcan___________largelinersandcargo-boats.A.letinB.admitC.receiveD.letout参考答案：B9.(2分)Theywereratherdisappointed_______theresultofthetest.A.inB.onC.atD.for参考答案：C10.(2分)Wewere_________________thathecouldwalkonhishands.A.scaredB.shockedC.amazedD.frightened参考答案：C11.(2分)Tryto_____whathadhappenedjustbeforetheaccident.A.talkB.speakC.sayforD.describe参考答案：D12.(2分)Itwasnecessaryto______________thefactoryA.growB.increaseC.extendD.broaden参考答案：C13.(2分)

Thecountryisrichinoilbutitsuffersaserious

inadequacy

offreshwatersupply.A.impurityB.inefficiencyC.lossD.lack参考答案：D14.(2分)

Thisattitudeisnevercruelordisrespectfulor

malicious.A.deceptiveB.keenC.criticalD.hateful参考答案：D15.(2分)

Whentherequestisgranted,andatanytimewhenyouarereceivingsomething,howeverobviouslyyouare

entitled

toit,youarealwaysexpectedtosay"Thankyou".A.havetherighttoB.areworthyofC.arerespectedforD.areopposedto参考答案：A16.(2分)

Don’tdothat;itisnot

legal

.Ifyoudoit,you’llbreakthelaw.A.lawfulB.sensitiveC.reasonableD.conclusive参考答案：A17.(2分)

By1924,aftertwoexhaustingandunsuccessfulattemptstothemountainonexpeditionsin1921and1922,hisearlyenthusiasmbeganto

wane.A.declineB.increaseC.riseD.change参考答案：A18.(2分)

Mostofthecity’sleadingartists

display

theirworksinthelocalartgallery.A.paintB.listC.sellD.show参考答案：D19.(2分)

Blanketsandwarmclotheswillbe

issued

tothosewhoneedthem.A.shippedB.donatedC.providedD.allowed参考答案：C20.(2分)

Theyhopeto

piecetogether

themanypossiblescenariosofMalloryandIrvine’slastday.A.assembleB.pickupC.cuttopiecesD.taketopieces参考答案：A21.(2分)

Withintheirhearts,theEnglishareperhapsnoless

conceited

thananybodyelse,butintheirrelationswithotherstheyvalueatleastashowofmodesty.A.modestB.coolC.excitedD.self-important参考答案：D22.(2分)

Womenespeciallylongto"stayyoung"andthereisnogreater

compliment

toamaturewomanthantobetold"Howyoungyoulook!"A.praiseB.prudenceC.concernD.help参考答案：A23.(2分)

Itisstillconsideredpolitetogiveupone'sseattoawomanwhoisstanding,toopendoorsforher,helpher

alight

fromthebus.A.getoffB.getonC.keepawayD.sitaway参考答案：A24.(2分)

Theconclusionofthe25majorsearchexpeditions,whichsetouttosolvethepuzzlewasthatFranklin’smenhad

succumbed

toscurry,starvation,stressandhypothermia.A.gaveuptoB.diedfromC.experiencedD.