2024-2025学年高中英语课时作业16Unit4Wildlifeprotection含解析新人教版必修2

PAGE课时作业16Ⅰ.把下面的句子改成被动语态(每空一词)1．Thegovernmentismakinggreateffortstoimprovethelivingconditionsofthepeople.→Greatefforts________________________toimprovethelivingconditionsofthepeoplebythegovernment.2．Thefarmersarecuttingdownthejunglesinthisareasoquicklythatthewildanimalsmaylosetheirhomesinthenearfuture.→Thejunglesinthisarea________________________________bythefarmerssoquicklythatthewildanimalsmaylosetheirhomesinthenearfuture.3．Peoplearehuntingtoomanyanimalstheseyearsinsomeplaces.→Toomanyanimals________________________bypeopletheseyearsinsomeplaces.4．Theteacheriscorrectingthepapersinheroffice.→Thepapers________________________bytheteacherinheroffice.5．Ourheadmasterispreparingaspeechnow.→Aspeech________________________byourheadmasternow.6．Thefamilyarebuildinganewhouseoverthere.→Anewhouse________________________bythefamilyoverthere.7．Thedoctorsareoperatingonhisleftleg.→Hisleftleg________________________________bythedoctors.8．Thefarmersareharvestingcropsinthefieldwiththeirfacescoveredwithsweat.→Thecropsinthefield________________________bythefarmerswiththeirfacescoveredwithsweat.9．Theyarediscussingwhethertheywillgoforapicnictomorrow.→Whethertheywillgoforapicnictomorrow________________________bythem.10．Thegovernmentisprotectingthetigersinthenewly­builtreserve.→Thesetigers________________________inthenewly­builtreservebythegovernment.答案1．arebeingmade2.arebeingcutdown3．arebeinghunted4.arebeingcorrected5．isbeingprepared6.isbeingbuilt7．isbeingoperatedon8.arebeingharvested9．isbeingdiscussed10.arebeingprotectedⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．—Excuseme,whattimeisitnow?—Sorry,mywatchdoesn'twork.It________(repair)attheshop.2．—Aretheyabouttohavedinner?—Yes,it________(serve)inthediningroom.3．Can'tyouseeyourproblem________(discuss)?Havesomepatience,please.4．—DoyouknowwhatLilyisdoing?—Shemay________(interview)intheoffice.5．—Bytheway,haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?—Notyet.Thewalls________(paint)．6．Thisurgentproblem________(talk)aboutbythemanagers.7．Thenewgenerationofcomputers,withartificialintelligence,________(develop)andperfectednow.8．Zappa'smusic________(play)inthehallnow.9．—Haveyouhandedinyourschoolworkyet?—Yes,Ihave.Iguessit________(grade)now.10．Youcan'tusethemachinetodaybecausesomeparts________(replace)thisweek.答案1．isbeingrepaired2.isbeingserved3．isbeingdiscussed4.bebeinginterviewed5．arebeingpainted6.isbeingtalked7．arebeingdeveloped8.isbeingplayed9．isbeinggraded10.arebeingreplacedⅢ.句型训练1．Aplanaboutbuildinganewattractioninthistown___________now.(carry)在这个镇建一个新的旅游景点的安排现在正在实施。2．AllboatsarrivinginSicily________tofindoutiftheyhaverubbishinthemfromotherpartsofItaly.(inspect)全部到达西西里岛的船只都在接受检查，以发觉他们是否装有从意大利其他地方带来的垃圾。3．Iftherainforests________atsucharapidspeed,theywilldisappearfromtheearthinthefuture.(destroy)假如(热带)雨林以这样快的速度被破坏，将来它们将会从地球上消逝。4．Althoughthepracticalcureforcancer__________________，wehavepracticalwaystopreventit.(study)尽管治疗癌症的切实可行的方法仍在探讨中，但是我们还是有实际的方法去预防它。5．Rareanimals____________________althoughthereisseverepunishmentforit.(hunt)尽管有严厉的惩处措施，稀有动物仍旧遭到猎杀。答案1．isbeingcarriedout2．arebeinginspected3．arebeingdestroyed4．isstillbeingstudied5．arestillbeinghuntedⅠ.七选五SharksareamongtheoldestanimalsonEarth.Therearehundredsofkindsofsharks.Mostareabouttwometreslong.Thedogfishshark,however,islessthantwentycentimetresinlength.Asharkhasanextremelygoodsenseofsmell.Itcanfindsmallamountsofsubstancesinwater,suchasblood,bodyliquidsandchemicalsproducedbyanimals.__1__Sharkseatfish,othersharks,andplantsthatliveintheocean.Sharksgrowslowly.Aboutfortypercentofallsharkslayeggs.__2__Somesharkscarrytheiryounginsidetheirbodiesashumansdo.Somesharksarenotabletoreproduceuntiltheyaretwentyyearsold.Mostreproduceonlyeverytwoyears.Andtheygivebirthtofewerthantenyoungsharks.Forthisreason,overfishingofsharksisofspecialdangertothefutureoftheanimal.Sharksareimportantfortheworld'soceans.Theyeatinjuredanddiseasedfish.Theirhuntingactivitiesmeanthatthenumbersofotherfishinoceanwatersdonotbecometoogreat.__3__Peoplehuntsharksforsport,food,medicineandtheirskin.Expertssaytheinternationalmarketforsomekindsofsharkshasincreasedbecausemanypartsofasharkarevaluable.Collectorspaythousandsofdollarsforthejawsofashark.__4__Theskinofasharkcanbeusedlikeleather.InAsia,peopleenjoyakindofsoupmadefromsharkfins.Expertssayafishermancanearnalotofmoneyforevenonekilogramofsharkfins.SharksareamongtheoldestanimalsonEarth,butsomesharksareindangerofdisappearingfromEarth.__5__A．SharkliveroilisapopularsourceofvitaminA.B．Thisprotectstheplantsandotherformsoflifethatexistintheoceans.C．Sharksarevaluabletousandwecanmakefulluseofthem.D．Thesepowerfulsenseshelpsharksfindtheirfood.E．Iftoomanysharksinoneareaarekilled,thatgroupofsharksmayneverreturntonormalpopulationlevels.F．Theyareathreattootherformsoflifeintheocean.G．Theothersgivebirthtoliveyoung.答案与解析本文主要介绍了地球上最古老的生物之一——鲨鱼以及鲨鱼现在所面临的危急状况。1．D依据上文“Itcanfindsmallamountsofsubstancesinwater,suchasblood,bodyliquidsandchemicalsproducedbyanimals.”可知鲨鱼灵敏的嗅觉可以使它们找到水里的如血、体液以及动物产生的化学物质。这种实力让它们快速找到食物。故D正确。2．G本段前两句是在叙述鲨鱼的繁衍方式。依据“Aboutfortypercentofallsharkslayeggs.”可知大约百分之四十的鲨鱼产卵，其余的鲨鱼干脆生出小鲨鱼。故G正确。3．B依据上文“Theirhuntingactivitiesmeanthatthenumbersofotherfishinoceanwatersdonotbecometoogreat.”可知，鲨鱼可以保持海洋的生态平衡，不让某些生物的数量太大。这间接地爱护了海洋里的其他生物。故B正确。4．A依据“Collectorspaythousandsofdollarsforthejawsofashark.”和“Theskinofasharkcanbeusedlikeleather.”可知本段是在叙述鲨鱼各部位的价值，选项里只有A项符合语境。故A正确。5．E依据“SharksareamongtheoldestanimalsonEarth,butsomesharksareindangerofdisappearingfromEarth.”可知某些鲨鱼已经面临着灭亡的危急。那么一旦大量的鲨鱼被捕杀，这种鲨鱼就很难复原到正常的数量。故E正确。Ⅱ.概要写作阅读下面短文，依据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Researcherswhouseanimalsinpsychologicalexperimentsmustmakeeveryefforttominimize(最小化)discomfort,illness,andpain.Andproceduresthatcauseanimalsgreatsufferingarepermittedonlywhennootherprocedureisavailable.Moreover,therearefederalregulationsstatinghowanimalsarttobehoused,fedandpreserved.Notonlymustresearcherstryveryhardtoavoidcausingphysicaldiscomfort,theyarealsorequiredtopromotethepsychologicalwell­beingofsomespeciesofresearchanimals,suchasmonkeys.Whyshouldanimalsbeusedforresearchinthefirstplace?Isitreallypossibletolearnabouthumanbehaviorfromtheresultsofresearchemployingratsandpigeons?Theansweristhatpsychologicalresearchthatdoesemployanimalshasadifferentfocusandisdesignedtoanswerdifferentquestionscomparedwithresearchthatuseshumans.Forexample,theshorterlifespanofanimals(ratsliveanaverageoftwoyears)allowsresearcherstolearnabouttheeffectsofaginginamuchsmallerperiodthantheycouldbyusinghumanparticipants.Moreover,someprinciplesofbehavioraresimilaracrossspecies,andsosomebasicbehavioralphenomenacanbestudiedmoresimplyinanimals.Finally,somestudiesrequirelargenumbersofparticipantsthatsharesimilarbackgroundsorhavebeenexposedtoparticularenvironments—conditionsthatcouldnotpracticallybemetwithhumanbeings.Researchusinganimalshasprovidedpsychologistswithinformationthathasgreatlybenefitedhumans.Forexample,itprovidedthekeystonoticingeyedisordersinchildrenearlyenoughtopreventpermanentdamage.Despitethevalueofresearchwithanimalparticipants,theuseofanimalsinpsychologicalresearchishighlycontroversial.Forexample,somecriticsbelievethatanimalshaverightsnolesssignificantthanthoseofhumans,andthatbecauseanimalsareunabletoagreetopa