2024-2025学年高中英语Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课时作业4含解析新人教版必修3

Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课时作业16Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Whenhegrowsup,hewantstobea________(物理学家)．2．Thereisan________(氛围)ofpeaceandcalminthecountry,quitedifferentfromthatofabigcity.3．Arrowswouldcontinuetoflyforwardforeverinastraightlineifitwerenotfor________(重力),whichbringsthemdowntoearth.4．Annetoldhimhowshefearedthatherfriendwould________(漂移)awaylikealeaf.5．Ifthesun'srayswereentirelyb________out,therewouldbedramaticchangesintheclimateontheearth,andtheresultcouldbedisastroustohumans.6．Themoon'sp________affectsthetideontheearth.7．Sheisveryg________andshenevergetsangry.8．Idon'tlikethec________here.It'sverycold.答案1．physicist2.atmosphere3.gravity4.float5.blocked6．pull7.gentle8.climateⅡ.短语填空1．______________(当心)carswhenyoucrossthebusystreet.2．—Mygoodness!Ifailedagaininthecomputertest.—______________(振作起来).Theworldisnotatanend.3．WhenIarrivedthere,thetrain______________(已经驶出)thestation.4．Whetherthegamewillbeplayed______________(取决于)theweather.5．Hehasspent______________(三倍)moremoneythanhedidlastmonth.6．Ithinkheis______________(一样好的学生)asTom.7．______________(既然)youhavegrownup,you'dbetterdependonyourself.8．Aftertendays'trainingtheworkersgradually____________(驾驭)theskillsintheproductionprocess.答案1．Watchoutfor2.Cheerup3.hadpulledoutof4．dependson5.threetimes6.asgoodastudent7．Nowthat8.gotthehangofⅢ.句型训练1．随着时间的推移，计算机变得越来越小，功能却更强。(as引导时间状语从句)______________，computersbecamesmallerandmorepowerful.2．这条河流已经遭遇如此严峻的污染，现在清理可能为时太晚。(too...to...)Theriverhavingsufferedsuchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbe______________.3．当我更接近玛丽时，我发觉她和她的姐姐一样是个美丽的女孩。(getcloseto;as＋adj.＋n.＋as)WhenI______________Mary,Ifoundshewas______________hereldersister.4．在韩国实行的亚运会上，中国队获得的金牌数是日本的三倍多。(倍数的表达)IntheAsianGamesheldinKorea,theChineseteamwon______________goldmedalsasJapan.5．假如我有幸加入你们的团队，我将与我的同事们团结协作履行好我的职责。(adj./adv.enoughtodo)IfIam______________yourteam,Iwillworktogetherwithmyfellowstoperformmydutywell.答案1．Astimewentby/on2．toolatetocleanitup3．gotcloserto;asbeautifulagirlas4．morethanthreetimesasmany5．luckyenoughtojoinⅣ.语法填空InChina,therearevariousmeansoftransportforday­to­dayliving:subways,buses,cars,andevenbikes...buttaxisrankhighonthelist.Taxisarecertainlythemostconvenientmeansoftransport,as__1__requireslittleefforttoraiseyourarmtocallacab.Besides,faresinChinaare__2__(afford).TheystartindaytimehoursinthecapitalatRMB13yuanfor__3__first3kilometers,afterwhichyoupayanotherRMB2.3yuanperkilometer.Thisisfar__4__expensivethanthatinEuropeancapitals.InLondon,forexample,twokilometers'ridecouldcostyouaboutRMB63yuan.Taxicabsasweknowthemtodayfirst__5__(appear)inChinaintheearly20thcentury,but__6__(be)thereserve(特权)oftherichandthepowerful.Nowadays,__7__(take)acabiscommonplaceinChina.BeforecomingtoChina,I__8__(warn)thatthereweredriverswhowouldmakelongdetours(绕行)__9__(get)higherfares.However,mosttaxidriversIhavemetarenice.Theyknowthecitylikethebackoftheirhands,andaregladtobe__10__somehelp.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________答案与解析1．it考查代词。句意为：出租车肯定是最便利的交通工具，因为你只须要抬一下手臂就可以毫不费劲地打到一辆出租车。设空处为requires的主语，且应为第三人称单数，此处用it作形式主语，代替后面真正的主语动词不定式结构。故填it。2．affordable考查词性转换。句意为：此外，中国的出租车费用也是(人们)担当得起的。be动词后常用形容词作表语，结合语境可知，故填affordable。3．the考查冠词。句意为：在首都，白天时间出租车起步价是前3公里13元，之后每公里2.3元。first为序数词，常用定冠词the修饰。故填定冠词the。4．less考查比较等级。句意为：这比欧洲的首都城市便宜得多。依据than可推断此处应用比较级；再依据后文“比如在伦敦，两公里就要花费63元人民币”可知，设空处应表示“更少”，故填less。5．appeared考查动词的时态。句意为：我们如今所知道的出租车早在20世纪初期就首次出现在中国，但只是有钱有权人士的特权。依据时间状语intheearly20thcentury“在20世纪初”可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填appeared。6．were考查动词的时态和主谓一样。句看法上一题解析。设空处be动词的主语为taxicabs，且时态为一般过去时，故填were。7．taking/totake考查非谓语动词。句意为：现在，在中国乘出租车是很常见的了。________acab是句子的主语，应用动名词或动词不定式充当主语，故填taking或totake。8．waswarned/hadbeenwarned考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：在我来中国之前，就被提示说有许多司机会(有意)绕行来获得更高的车费。依据前文作者来中国之前得到的提示可知，设空处应运用过去时(一般过去时或过去完成时)，且是“被提示”，应用被动语态，故填waswarned/hadbeenwarned。9．toget考查非谓语动词。句看法上一题解析。gethigherfares(收取更高的车费)是司机makelongdetours的目的，此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填toget。10．of考查介词。句意为：他们对中国的城市了如指掌，并且很快乐能帮得上忙。此处考查“beof＋名词”结构，即beofhelp，相当于helpful。故填of。Ⅰ.七选五Asweallknow,friendshipisofgreatimportanceinourdailylife.Afriendcangiveushelpandshareourdifficultiesandhappiness.Buthowtomakefriendsisstilldifficulttosomeofus.__1__1．Befriendlytoothers.__2__Youshouldtrytomakeastrangerfeelathomewhereverhehappenstobe.Thinkmoreofothersthanofyourselfandneverjudgeapersonbyhisappearanceandclothes.2．Bereliable.Ifyouandyourfriendagreetomeetsomewhere,don'tbelate.Ifyou'renotgoingtomakeitontimeormakeitatall,callhimassoonasyourealizeit.__3__Besomeonethatpeopleknowtheycandependon.3．__4__Listencarefullytowhatpeoplesay,rememberimportantdetailsaboutthem(theirnames,theirlikesanddislikes),askquestionsabouttheirinterests,andjustspendthetimeinlearningmoreaboutthem.4．Encourageyourfriends:Atruefriendalwaysgivescouragetohisfriends.__5__Nevermakefunoforlaughatyourfriendsinfrontofothers.Youshouldcometosupportthem.A．Beagoodlistener.B．Whenyousayyou'lldosomething,doit.C．Afriendtoallisafriendtonone.D．Thefollowinginformationcangiveyousometips：E．Andneverleaveyourfriendwhenheisintrouble.F．Smileatothersandyouaresuretogetasmileinreturn.G．Hewillremainwiththeminbothgoodandbadtimes.答案1．D2.F3.B4.A5.GⅡ.应用文写作假如你校团委为了提中学学生对太空科学的酷爱，打算组织一个太空爱好者的夏令营活动，成员们可以相互沟通，并允许去西昌一个放射塔(launchingtower)参观。假如你是高二·三班的学生李华，对此特别感爱好，请你用英语写一封申请信。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________