广东省珠海市六校联考2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中考试英语试卷（含解析）

2024-2025学年第一学期高二年级期中学业质量检测试题英语本试卷共12页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必把自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡相应的位置上。2.做选择题时，必须用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.非选择题必须使用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔，将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.所有题目必须在答题卡上指定位置作答，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第I卷阅读理解（共两节，满50分）第一节（共15题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）ADustoffyoursuitcasetosetupyourout-of-office.TheUKhassomehiddenplacesworthyofashortvacation.Thefollowingarethestylishaccommodationsyoucanchooseduringyourvacation.TheCowShedinWoodbridgeMixingcaravan(大篷车)lifeandcampingtogether,theCowShedcouldonlybedesignedinachild'simagination.Andofcourse,it'ssituatedonafarmtoprovidethefullexperience.Itsleepsuptofourguests,withtheinteriorgivingyouwarm,rustic(淳朴的)atmosphere.Toiletandshowerfacilitiesarelocatedonthegrounds.TheBadgerPodinAchiltibuieIfyoureallyfancygoingoff-grid(离网),thisBadgerPodinAchiltibuie,Scotland,istheplaceforyou.Inasmall,remotevillageontheNorth-WestcoastoftheScottishHighlands,you'llbefarawayfromallyourday-to-daystresses.Sleepingtwoguestsinanout-sizedbed,itisperfectforacouple'sretreatawayfromthefamily.TheMoonConkerinLlanafan-fawrLocatedinasmallruralvillageinWales,theMoonConkeristheperfectplacetounwindandrestawayfrombusyday-to-daylifeandbeatonewithnature.Sleepingtwoguestsinasuperking-sizedbedforextracomfort,youcanobservethenightskythroughoneofthemanyskylightsintheConker.TheRiversideCabininCornwallSituatedrightontheedgeofastreaminprime,picturesqueCornishcountryside,theRiversideCabinisthekindofdelightfulescapemanypeopledreamof.Thisplaceiscosyyetairy.It'sjusta20-minutedrivetoFalmouth,anartisticcoastaltownthat'sfullofsmallindependentbarsandrestaurants.1．WhatisspecialabouttheCowShedinWoodbridge?A．Itislocatedonafarm.B．Ithashomeyatmosphere.C．Itstoiletisputonthegrounds.D．Itcombinescaravanlifewithcamping.2．Whatdothefourplaceshaveincommon?A．Theyareonthecoast.B．Theysleepuptofourguests.C．Theyareimaginativeinshapes.D．Theyallowtravelerstoembracenature.3．Whoisthetextintendedfor?A．Historyresearchers. B．Travellovers.C．Geographyexperts. D．Sciencefictionwriters.BMalloryHaskesurfsnearlyeverydayinthesummer,anditreallyannoyshertoseetrashinthewateroronthebeach.SowhenherhighschoolEnglishteacherassignedapassionproject,Haskecameupwithacreativeideathatconnectedsurfingandtrash.Shecollectedlitteronthebeachandusedittocreateasurfboardinanefforttoraiseawarenessaboutoceanpollution.“Thefeelingofcatchingawaveisfantastic.It’ssuchamentalrelease,”saidHaske,standingonthebeachwaxing(上蜡)hernewlyfinishedtrashboard.“Ireallyhopeitfloats.”HerteacherassignedtheprojectmonthsagoandwassurprisedtoseehowHaske’senthusiasmaboutitgrewthroughouttheschoolyear.“Noteverystudentfoundherpassion,butshedid,”saidtheteacher.“I’msuperproudofher.”Overthewinter,Haske,whowouldgraduatesoon,collectedlitterincludingcigarettebutts,bottlecaps,fast-foodcontainersandmasksalongtheresortareabeach.“Itwasdefinitelyauniquechallenge,”Haskesaid.Shelandedasponsorandraisedmoneyfromfriendstocreatethesurfboard,whichcostabout$1,000.Hasketookcustomordersandhelpedpeoplebuildtheirownsurfboards.Makingoneoutoftrashwasafirstforher.Nearlytheentireboardwasmadefromrecycledmaterialandlitter.OnTuesdayafterschool,Haskewentoutandattemptedtorideawaveonhernewboard,butthemostlyflatconditionsmadeitdifficult.Thenoseofthesurfboardmadebyherselfkeptgoingunderthewater,butHaskestayedupbeat.“It’sprettyheavyupfront,butit’sgoingtobemybestfriend,”Haskesaidaftercomingoutofthewater.“It’smadeforlargewaves.”4．WhydidHaskemakethesurfboard?A．Toputtrashtothebestuse. B．Totakeasurfingcompetition.C．Topursueherpassionforsurfing. D．Todrawattentiontooceanpollution.5．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeHaske?A．Proudandreliable. B．Responsibleandinnovative.C．Toughandfaithful. D．Imaginativeanddesperate.6．HowdidHaskemakethesurfboard?A．Withthehelpofenvironmentalists.B．Bycooperatingwithherparents.C．Byusingthetrashcollectedfromthebeach.D．Undertheguidanceofherteacher.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“upbeat”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Optimistic. B．Cautious. C．Peaceful. D．Discouraged.CIthaslongbeenbelievedthatthesmartphonesinourpocketsareactuallymakingusdumb(迟钝的).Nowthereisevidenceforit.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexasatAustindiscoveredthatpeopleareworseatcompletingtasksandrememberinginformationifasmartphoneiswithinsight.Intwoexperimentstheyfoundphonessittingonadeskoreveninapocketorahandbagwoulddistract(使分心)usersandleadtoworsetestscoresevenwhentheyweresetupnottodisturbtestsubjects.Theresearcherstested520universitystudentsontheirmemoryandintelligencewhentheywereinthepresenceofasmartphonetoseehowitaffectedthem.Theyweretoldtocompletetestsinmathematics,memoryandreasoningwiththeirsmartphoneseitherontheirdesks,intheirbagsorpockets,orinanotherroom.Thosewhohadtheirphonesonthedeskrecordeda10percentlowerscorethanthosewholefttheminadifferentroom.Thosewhokepttheirphonesfurtheroutofsightintheirpocketsortheirbagsscoredonlyslightlybetterthanthosewhosephoneswereplacedondesks.Theresearchersfoundthatthenegativeeffectofhavingaphonewithinsightwasgreateramongthosewhosaidtheyweredependentontheirsmartphones.Itwasalsofoundthatphonescoulddistractusersevenwhentheywereturnedofforwhentheywereplacedfacedown.Theresearcherssaidtheeffectarisesbecausepartofthesmartphoneusers’mindistryingnottothinkaboutdistractionssuchaswhethertheyhaveanymessageswhenthesmartphoneisintheirlineofsight.Similarresearchhaspreviouslyshownthatsmartphonescanleada“butterflybraineffect”onusersthatcancausementalblunders(错误).8．TheresearchersattheUniversityofTexascarriesoutthestudytotest.A．wheresmartphonesshouldbeplacedB．whoweredependentonsmartphonesC．universitystudents’dailyuseofsmartphonesD．smartphones’effectonstudents’intelligenceandmemory9．Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperiments?A．Smartphonesdon’taffectstudentsifputoutofsight.B．Smartphonesdon’tdistractstudentswhenturnedoff.C．Studentsgotlowerscoresinthepresenceofsmartphones.D．Studentsweredistractednomatterwheretheirphoneswereplaced.10．Whatwillprobablybetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A．Thecauseoftheproblem. B．Thebutterflybraineffect.C．Thementalblunders. D．Thefutureresearch.11．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Theharmofsmartphones B．SmartphonesmakeusdumbC．Limitouruseofsmartphones D．TheproblemofsmartphoneaddictionDForadultswhohavestruggledwithunderstandingnewmathhomeworkorsurprisedathowquicklykidscanlearnasecondlanguage,thereisnewevidencethatshowskidscanreallylearnthingsmuchfasterthanadults.AstudypublishedinCurrentBiologyfindsthatchildrenandadultshavedifferentconcentrationsofakeybrainmessengercalledgamma-aminobutyricacid,orGABA．Thismessengerslowsdownthebrainbyblockingspecificsignalsinthebody’scentralnervoussystem.Italsoproducesacalmingeffectandisthoughttoplayamajorroleincontrollingtheoveractivityofnervecellsassociatedwithanxiety,stressandfear.Allthesecontributetothelearningofnewthings.Inthestudy,theresearchersfromBrownUniversityusedneuro-imagingtechniquestoexaminevisualperceptive(视觉感知的)learninginelementaryschool-agedchildrenandadults.Participantswereshownanumberofdifferentimagesandwerelateraskedquestionsaboutthemfollowingthetest.VisuallearningcausedanincreaseofGABAinchildren’svisualcortex,theareaofthebrainthatprocessesvisualinformation.However,GABAlevelsdidn’tchangeintheadultswhotookthesamevisualtests.Inaddition,childrenparticipantskeptthatGABAincreaseforhoursaftertrainingended,whiletheconcentrationsofGABAremainedthesameintheadultsstudied.“Insubsequentbehavioralexperiments,wefoundthatchildrenindeedlearnmoreitemswithinagivenperiodoftimethanadults.”saidSebastianM.Frank,theco-authorofthestudy.“OurresultsthereforepointtoGABAasakeyplayerinmakinglearningmoreefficientinchildren.”Theseresults,theauthorsargue,shouldencourageteachersandparentstokeepgivingchildrenopportunitiestolearnanythingfromridingabiketoplayinganinstrumentthroughouttheirchildhood.Thefindingsmayalsochangeneuro-scientists’conceptionofbrainmaturityinchildren.“Althoughchildren’sbrainsarenotyetfullymatureandmanyoftheirbehavioralandcognitivefunctionsarenotasefficientasinadults,childrenarenot,ingeneral,surpassedintheirlearningabilitiesbyadults,”saidstudyco-authorTakeoWatanabe.12．What’sthefunctionofGABA?A．Sendspecificmessagestothebrain. B．Dealwithcomplexmathproblems.C．Makethenervoussystemmoreactive. D．Increaseefficiencyinlearningnewthings.13．Whatdoweknowaboutthechildrentakingthevisualtest?A．TheirGABAconcentrationskeptincreasingaftertraining.B．Theirlearningabilitiesstillneededtobeimproved.C．Theycouldremembermoreimagesthanadults.D．Theyweresurpassedbyadultsinlearningabilities.14．Howdidtheresearchersdotheresearch?A．Bycomparingparticipants’reaction. B．Byanalyzingstatistics.C．Bycollectingrelativeevidence. D．Byconductingonlinesurvey15．WhatdoesTakeoWatanabewanttosayinthelastparagraph?A．Neuro-scientistsdon’tfullyunderstandbrainmaturityinchildren.B．Childrenarenotmatureintheirbehaviorandcognition.C．Ittakesalongtimeforchildren’sbrainstobefullymature.D．Children’sbrainmaturitydoesnotaffecttheirlearningabilities.第二节（共5题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）Doyoufeelyourlifeislosingitspassion(热情)—asthougheverythingyoudo,likeworkandstudy,isboringandempty?Alifepassionisn’tsomethingthatdropsonyoufromtheheavenorappearsfromthinair.16Ifyouwanttobegintodaytodisplayyourtrueselfandregainyourownpassioninlife,herearesomemeasuresyoucantaketogetstarted.17Getasmallpocketnotebookandkeepitwithyou.Keepthememoryoftimeswhenyoufeelhappyandfulfilled.Whatareyoudoingwhenyoufeelgood?Writeitdowninyournotebook.Payattentiontowhatfeelsgoodtoyou.Letgoofshould18IshouldstayinthisjobbecauseIcan'tfindabetterone.Ishouldbecameateacherbecausemyparentswantmeto.IshouldnottrysomethingnewbecauseI'lllookfoolish.Throwawaythiswordfromyourvocabularywhileonyourpassionsearch.Appreciateyourskills.Maybeyouaren'tanartistatsomething,butyouhavemanyskills.19Askyourfriendsandparentswhatyouaregoodat---nomatterhowsmall.Makealistofyourskills,andmakenoteoftheskillsyoureallyenjoy.KeeptryingTheprocessoffindingyourpassionmaytakeacoupleofyears.Youmayhavetotryafewandgiveupafewthingsbeforeyoudiscoverwhatyoufeelgreat.Itmaygraduallysurroundyouratherthanknockyouinthehead.20A．Youmaynotrecognizethem,butothersdo.B．Maybeyouwillbecomestrongerandmoreconfident.C．Recognizeyourjoy.D．Manypeopleholdthemselvesbackfromhappinessbecauseoftheword“should”.E．Havepatienceandkeepdigging.F．Howcanyoulivewithpassionwhenyouhaveaholeinyourheart?G．Discoveringyourpassionisaprocessofself-discovering.二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）Atthebeginningofthe21stcenturyChinahadnohigh-speedrailways.Slowanduncomfortabletrainsranacrossthis21country,makingjourneyssuchasShanghai-Beijingatestofthetraveler’s22.Today,it’sacompletely23picture.Thecountryhastheworld’slargestnetworkofhigh-speedrailways.Thelinesofatotal37,900kilometersacrossthecountry24allofitsmajormega-cities,andallhavebeencompleted25since2008.Thenetworkisexpectedtodouble26again,toover70,000kilometers,by2035.MuchlikeJapan’sShinkansen(新干线)inthe1960s,theyareasymbolofthecountry’srisingeconomicpower,27modernization,growingtechnologicalcapabilityandincreasingprosperity.Buttheprocesstotoday’s28wasnevereasy.ThelargesizeofChinaanditsgreat29ingeology(地质)andclimatehave30therailwayengineerswithincrediblechallenges.Fromsometimes31Harbininthefarnorthtothealwayshotandhumid(潮湿的)PearlRiverDeltacities,andfromLanzhoutoUrumqiacrosstheGobiDesert,China’sengineershavequickly32uniquetechniquesindrivingrailwaysover,underandthroughwhatever33intheirpath.China’shigh-speedrailwaysystemisnowtryingtoconnect34countries,likeextendingsoutheasttoLaosandThailand,crossingtheHimalayastoIndiaandPakistan,and35CentralAsiancountrieslikeKazakhstanandUzbekistan.21．A．ancient B．vast C．Asian D．modern22．A．patience B．expense C．age D．heart23．A．finished B．painted C．expensive D．different24．A．enlarge B．combine C．link D．improve25．A．rather B．also C．still D．just26．A．inlength B．inwidth C．insize D．incapacity27．A．sudden B．vital C．rapid D．total28．A．movement B．achievement C．agreement D．equipment29．A．degree B．height C．diversity D．similarity30．A．enabled B．instructed C．faced D．presented31．A．frozen B．heated C．flooded D．stuck32．A．borrowed B．developed C．learned D．searched33．A．lasts B．remains C．rises D．lies34．A．neighboring B．developing C．existing D．supporting35．A．keeping B．helping C．reaching D．shaping第II卷（非选择题）三、语法填空（共15小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,36Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.Chopsticksareusuallytwolong,thinpiecesofwoodorbamboo.Theycanalsobemadeofplastic,animalboneormetal.Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight37(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetal38(create)specialdesigns.TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,39(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.Overtime,40thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich41(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,42livedfromroughly551to479B．C．,influencedthe43(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand44(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat45theirhands.四、书信写作（共二节，满分40分）第一节应用文（满分15分）46．假定你是李华,你市最近新建了一个大型海洋公园——OceanKingdom,请你给留学生朋友David写一封电子邮件,邀请他周末一起去游玩。内容包括:1.写信目的;2.海洋主题公园活动介绍;3.约定见面时间及地点注意:1.写作词数应为80左右:2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearDavid,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节读后续写（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AGIFTFORGRANDPASummervacationwascoming.JackandhisbrotherBerlinwerefilledwithexcitementastheythoughtofvisitingtheirgrandparentsagain.Thebigdaycameatlast.Afterthehappyfamilygotready,theysetoutforthegrandparents’eagerly.Ontheway,thebrotherswereexcitedlytalkingaboutthefuntheyhadwithgrandparents.Alittlebluehousewithatallwhitechimneyfinallyappeared.BehindthepropertywastheforestcarryingtheirgoodmemorieswithGrandpa.Theyarrivedatthedriveway,attheendofwhichGrandmawaswaitingforthemjoyfully.JackandBerlineachgaveGrandmaabighugandthenswepttothelivingroom,shouting

excitedly“Grandpa,weareback!”Seeinghisgrandsons,Grandpawaswildwithjoyandtriedtogetupwithallhisstrengthfromthechairbutinvain.Ahelplessexpressionflashedonhisface.Grandmaexplainedthathishealthwasdecliningrapidlyandmaybecouldn’tstanduponhisownforever.ButGrandpadeclaredstubbornly(倔强地),“Ican!”Certainly,hewasstuckinhisboyishway.Mumandgrandparentswerehappytomeetagainafteralongtime.Theysattogetherandchattedaboutwhathappenedrecently.Thebrothersweresoonboredwithadultconversation,wentoutandwanderedintotheforest.Talltreesstretcheduptotheheavenswithlargebranchescrossingeachother,whileyoungonesrosestraightlikesoldiers.Grandpawasonceagreatexplorerfullofwisdom.Hecouldtellwherethebirdscamefromonlybytheircallsandsongs.Thetrees,birds,lizards,lotsofbugs...HowmanymerrymomentstheyspentwithGrandpainthekingdom!ButnowGrandpacouldn’tgetup.Thismadethemworried.“We’dthinkoutawaytocheerhimup.”Jacksaid.“Grandpaisabirdlover,andwecancatchhimabird.”Berlinsuggested.“Buthehatesbirdsbeingcaged!”Jackshookhishead.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ThenabrightideacametoJack’smind.“Whynotmakeacane(拐杖)outofayoungtree!”.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________JackandBerlinhandedthecanetoGrandpa.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2024-2025学年第一学期高二年级期中学业质量检测试题英语参考答案题号12345678910答案DDBDBCADCB题号11121314151617181920答案BDAADGCDAE题号21222324252627282930答案BADCDACBCD题号3132333435答案ABDAC1．D2．D3．B【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国四个值得一游的隐藏地点和它们各自的特色住宿。1．细节理解题。根据TheCowShedinWoodbridge部分的“Mixingcaravan(大篷车)lifeandcampingtogether,theCowShedcouldonlybedesignedinachild’simagination.(将房车生活和露营结合在一起，牛棚只能出自孩子的想象。)”可知，CowShed的特殊之处在于它将大篷车生活和露营结合在一起。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据TheCowShedinWoodbridge部分的“Andofcourse,it’ssituatedonafarmtoprovidethefullexperience.Itsleepsuptofourguests,withtheinteriorgivingyouwarm,rustic(淳朴的)atmosphere.(当然，它位于农场，提供完整的体验。它最多可容纳四名客人，内部给您带来温暖、淳朴的氛围。)”、TheBadgerPodinAchiltibuie部分的“Asmall,remotevillageontheNorth-WestcoastoftheScottishHighlands,you’llbefarawayfromallyourday-to-daystresses.(苏格兰高地西北海岸的一个小村庄，你将远离日常的所有压力。)”、TheMoonConkerinLlanafan-fawr部分的“LocatedinasmallruralvillageinWales,theMoonConkeristheperfectplacetounwindandrestawayfrombusyday-to-daylifeandbeatonewithnature.(威尔士的一个小乡村里的“月榛子”（MoonConker）是远离繁忙的日常生活、放松身心、与自然融为一体的理想之地。)”以及TheRiversideCabininCornwall部分的“Foundrightontheedgeofastreaminprime,picturesqueCornishcountryside,theRiversideCabinisthekindofdelightfulescapemanypeopledreamof.Thisplaceiscosyyetairy.(河畔小屋坐落在风景如画的康沃尔乡村的一条小溪边，是许多人梦寐以求的那种令人愉快的逃避。这个地方既舒适又通风。)”可知，这四个地方都允许旅行者拥抱自然，这是它们的共同点。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Dustoffyoursuitcasetosetupyourout-of-office.TheUKhassomehiddenplacesworthyofashortvacation.Thefollowingarethestylishaccommodationsyoucanchooseduringyourvacation.(把你的行李箱擦干净，开始你的假期吧。英国有一些隐藏的地方值得一游。以下是你度假时可以选择的时尚住宿。)”可知，文章主要介绍了英国四个值得一游的隐藏地点和它们各自的特色住宿，因此可以推断其目标人群是那些旅游爱好者。故选B。4．D5．B6．C7．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了MalloryHaske利用海边捡的垃圾来制作冲浪板，并借此提醒人们注意保护环境的故事。4．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Shecollectedlitteronthebeachandusedittocreateasurfboardinanefforttoraiseawarenessaboutoceanpollution.(她收集了海滩上的垃圾，并用它制作了一个冲浪板，以提高人们对海洋污染的认识。)”可知，Haske制作冲浪板是因为她想以此来提高人们保护海洋的意识。故选D项。5．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第一段中“SowhenherhighschoolEnglishteacherassignedapassionproject,Haskecameupwithacreativeideathatconnectedsurfingandtrash.(因此，当她的高中英语老师布置了一个充满激情的项目时，哈斯克想出了一个创造性的想法，将冲浪和垃圾联系在一起。)”以及第二段第一句“Shecollectedlitteronthebeachandusedittocreateasurfboardinanefforttoraiseawarenessaboutoceanpollution.(她收集了海滩上的垃圾，并用它制作了一个冲浪板，以提高人们对海洋污染的认识。)”可知，Haske注意海洋环境保护，是一个有责任心的人，用垃圾制作冲浪板说明有创意。故选B项。6．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Overthewinter,Haske,whowouldgraduatesoon,collectedlitterincludingcigarettebutts,bottlecaps,fast-foodcontainersandmasksalongtheresortareabeach.(整个冬天，即将毕业的哈斯克在度假区的海滩上收集垃圾，包括烟头、瓶盖、快餐容器和口罩。)”和第五段最后一句“Nearlytheentireboardismadefromrecycledmaterialandlitter.(几乎整个板子都是由回收材料和垃圾制成的)”可知，Haske的冲浪板是由她在海边捡到的垃圾制作成的。故选C项。7．词句猜测题。通过画线词的前半句“Thenoseofthesurfboardmadebyherselfkeptgoingunderthewater,butHaskestayedupbeat.‘It’sprettyheavyupfront,butit’sgoingtobemybestfriend,’Haskesaidaftercomingoutofthewater.‘It’smadeforlargewaves.’(她自己做的冲浪板的前端一直在水下，但哈斯克保持upbeat。哈斯克从水里出来后说：‘它在前面很沉，但它将成为我最好的朋友。它是为大浪而造的。’)”可知，虽然冲浪板不太好用，前端无法翘出水面，但Haske依旧很喜欢这块板，认为它适合大浪时的冲浪，upbeat应与upbeat意思相近，表示“乐观的，积极的”。故选A项。8．D9．C10．B11．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，智能手机会降低人们的智力和注意力，从而会让我们变得迟钝。8．细节理解题。由文章第三段“Theresearcherstested520universitystudentsontheirmemoryandintelligencewhentheywereinthepresenceofasmartphonetoseehowitaffectedthem.(研究人员对520名大学生在使用智能手机时的记忆力和智力进行了测试，以了解智能手机对他们的影响。)”可知，研究者主要研究智能手机对学生智力和记忆的影响。故选D项。9．细节理解题。由文章第三段“Thosewhohadtheirphonesonthedeskrecordeda10percentlowerscorethanthosewholefttheminadifferentroom.(那些把手机放在桌子上的人的得分比那些把手机留在另一个房间的人低10%。)”可知，学生们在有智能手机的情况下得分较低。故选C项。10．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Similarresearchhaspreviouslyshownthatsmartphonescanleada‘butterflybraineffect’onusersthatcancausementalblunders(错误).(此前类似的研究表明，智能手机会对用户产生‘蝴蝶大脑效应’，从而导致精神错误。)”可知，下段可能会讲‘蝴蝶大脑效应’。故选B项。11．主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Ithaslongbeenbelievedthatthesmartphonesinourpocketsareactuallymakingusdumb(迟钝的).Nowthereisevidenceforit.(长期以来，人们一直认为口袋里的智能手机实际上让我们变得迟钝。现在有证据证明了这一点。)”和第二段“ResearchersattheUniversityofTexasatAustindiscoveredthatpeopleareworseatcompletingtasksandrememberinginformationifasmartphoneiswithinsight.Intwoexperimentstheyfoundphonessittingonadeskoreveninapocketorahandbagwoulddistract(使分心)usersandleadtoworsetestscoresevenwhentheyweresetupnottodisturbtestsubjects.(得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员发现，如果智能手机在视线范围内，人们在完成任务和记忆信息方面会更差。在两项实验中，他们发现放在桌子上，甚至放在口袋或手提包里的手机会分散用户的注意力，并导致更差的考试成绩，即使它们被设置为不打扰受试者。)”以及后文可知，本文讲研究表明，智能手机实际上降低人们的智力和注意力，从而会让我们变得迟钝，所以B项Smartphonesmakeusdumb(智能手机让我们变迟钝)符合语境。故选B项。12．D13．A14．A15．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了对于那些很难理解新的数学作业或对孩子学习第二语言的速度感到惊讶的成年人来说，有新的证据表明，孩子学习东西的速度真的比成年人快得多。解释了研究开展的经过和发现。12．细节理解题。根据第二段“AstudypublishedinCurrentBiologyfindsthatchildrenandadultshavedifferentconcentrationsofakeybrainmessengercalledgamma-aminobutyricacid,orGABA.Thismessengerslowsdownthebrainbyblockingspecificsignalsinthebody’scentralnervoussystem.Italsoproducesacalmingeffectandisthoughttoplayamajorroleincontrollingtheoveractivityofnervecellsassociatedwithanxiety,stressandfear.Allthesecontributetothelearningofnewthings.(发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的一项研究发现，儿童和成人大脑中一种名为γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的关键信使的浓度不同。这种信使通过阻断身体中枢神经系统中的特定信号来减慢大脑的速度。它还具有镇静作用，被认为在控制与焦虑、压力和恐惧相关的神经细胞的过度活动方面发挥着重要作用。所有这些都有助于学习新事物)”可知，GABA的功能是提高学习新事物的效率。故选D。13．细节理解题。根据第四段“Inaddition,childrenparticipantskeptthatGABAincreaseforhoursaftertrainingended,whiletheconcentrationsofGABAremainedthesameintheadultsstudied.(此外，儿童参与者在训练结束后的几个小时内GABA的浓度都在增加，而成人参与者的GABA浓度则保持不变)”可知，参加视力测试的孩子训练后GABA浓度持续升高。故选A。14．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Insubsequentbehavioralexperiments,wefoundthatchildrenindeedlearnmoreitemswithinagivenperiodoftimethanadults.(在随后的行为实验中，我们发现孩子们在一段时间内确实比成年人学到了更多的东西)”可知，研究人员通过比较参与者的反应进行研究。故选A。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thefindingsmayalsochangeneuro-scientists’conceptionofbrainmaturityinchildren.“Althoughchildren’sbrainsarenotyetfullymatureandmanyoftheirbehavioralandcognitivefunctionsarenotasefficientasinadults,childrenarenot,ingeneral,surpassedintheirlearningabilitiesbyadults,”saidstudyco-authorTakeoWatanabe.(这一发现也可能改变神经科学家对儿童大脑成熟度的看法。研究报告的合著者TakeoWatanabe说：“虽然儿童的大脑还没有完全成熟，他们的许多行为和认知功能还没有成年人那么有效，但总的来说，儿童的学习能力并没有被成年人超越。”)”可知，TakeoWatanabe在最后一段想说儿童大脑的成熟度并不影响他们的学习能力。故选D。16．G17．C18．D19．A20．E这是一篇说明文，介绍了找回生活热情的方法。16．根据上文“Alifepassionisn’tsomethingthatdropsonyoufromtheheavenorappearsfromthinair.(生活热情不是从天而降，也不是凭空出现的)”表示，生活热情不是自然而生的，G项内容可以承接上文，表示发现你的热情是一个自我发现的过程，是可以通过发现自我，认识自我的过程获得热情，呼应下文“Ifyouwanttobegintodaytodisplayyourtrueselfandregainyourownpassioninlife,herearesomemeasuresyoucantaketogetstarted.(如果你想从今天开始，展现真实的自己，重获生活的热情，你可以采取以下一些措施)”及最后一段首句“Theprocessoffindingyourpassionmaytakeacoupleofyears.(找到激情的过程可能需要几年的时间)”，找回生活激情是一个过程，是有方法的。故选G项。17．此处为第二段的小标题，应概括第二段“Getasmallpocketnotebookandkeepitwithyou.Keepthememoryoftimeswhenyoufeelhappyandfulfilled.Whatareyoudoingwhenyoufeelgood?Writeitdowninyournotebook.Payattentiontowhatfeelsgoodtoyou.(随身携带一个袖珍笔记本。记住那些你感到快乐和充实的时光。当你感觉良好的时候，你在做什么?把它记在你的笔记本上。注意什么让你感觉良好)”，拿起笔记录下快乐时刻的感想，C项Recognizeyourjoy.识别快乐，符合语境，故选C项。18．本段小标题Letgoofshould表示舍弃各种“应该”，D项Manypeopleholdthemselvesbackfromhappinessbecauseoftheword“should”.（许多人因为“应该”这个词而阻碍了自己的幸福）should呼应了标题，衔接下文的具体举例。让一些自己不喜欢却又认为应该的事情磨灭自己的生活热情。故选D项。19．根据上文“Maybeyouaren'tanartistatsomething,butyouhavemanyskills.(也许你不是某方面的艺术家，但你有很多技能