北京市通州区2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末考试 英语 含解析

通州区2023—2024学年第二学期高一年级期末质量检测英语试卷2024年7月本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Reagan,abooklover,lookedupfromhisreadingasthebellrangovertheentrancetothebookstore.Puzzled,hewatchedforaminuteasDarya___1___towardthecounter(柜台)asiftoaskaquestion.Itdidn’tmakesensethatDarya,oneoftheschool’stopathletes,wasinabookstore.Notwantingtobenoticed,Reagan___2___foundanothervolumetoread.Hewouldn’tknowwhattosayifshetriedtostartaconversationbecausehethoughttheytwoweretoodifferenttohaveanythingto___3___.“Hey,Reagan.”Hergreeting___4___him,andhisbreathcaughtinhisthroatasitbecameapparenthehadn’tescapedafterall.“Maybeyoucanhelpme.”Hedoubtedit,buthemanagedtochokeoutareply.“Me?”“I’mtryingto___5___abookonsoccerskills.Iwon’tbeabletogotocampoverspringbreak,andIneedtoimprovemygamebeforethenextseasonbegins.”Reaganswallowed,thenmotionedrandomlywithhishandsbeforehefoundhisvoice.“Sure.Overhere.”Hethoughtitwouldsaveconfusionifhejust___6___thewayratherthantrytopointherintherightdirection.Asshefollowedhimthroughtheshelves,hedaredtoimaginetheymightnotbeso___7___afterall.Hefeltabriefflashofhope,thesunshiningsuddenlywhereallhadbeengray.___8___,oneofDarya’steammatesappearedasifoutofnowhere,urginghertofinishanypurchases,ortheywouldbelateforpractice.Sighing,Reaganrealizednothinghadreallychanged;thedifferenceswouldneverletthembreakdownthosebarriers,eveniftheysochose.Instead,sheturnedtoReaganwitha___9___smile,“Thanksforyourhelp,andhey,maybewecouldplaysoccersometime?”Surprisedbutpleased,Reagan’sheartleaptattheunexpected____10____,asignthatperhapsthebarrierswerenotasinsurmountable(跨越)ashe’dthought.1.A.rushed B.walked C.drove D.turned2.A.apparently B.obviously C.quickly D.finally3.A.talkabout B.dealwith C.carryout D.settlein4.A.inspired B.reminded C.attacked D.surprised5A.locate B.figure C.gather D.deliver6.A.controlled B.led C.designed D.made7.A.particular B.unique C.different D.determined8.A.Luckily B.Actually C.Slowly D.Immediately9.A.warm B.forced C.crazy D.determined10.A.congratulation B.invitation C.election D.fortune第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Asafive-year-oldgirl,LinQiaozhiwasdeeplyaffectedbyhermother’sdeath.Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,she___11___(choose)tostudymedicine.“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?___12___(find)agoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!”herbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.Sheresponded,“I’dratherstayasingle___13___(study)allmylife!”B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Intheafternoon,IheadedtoalocalmuseumthatshowedthehistoricalchangesinCalifornia.In1848,goldwasdiscoverednearSanFrancisco,___14___startedagoldrush.Over300,000peoplecamefromallovertheworldtoseek___15___(they)fortune,andSanFranciscoquicklybecameabigcity.ManyChinesearrivedduringthisperiod.___16___(earn)aliving,someopenedupshopsandrestaurants___17___Chinatown.Manyothersfoundjobsonfarms,joinedthegoldrush,orwenttobuildtherailway.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Spaceexplorationhasalreadypromotedtechnologicalimprovementsthatbenefitusall.High-endproductsaroundtheworld___18___(make)toahigherstandardnowbecauseofadvancedtechnology.Forexample,spacetechnologies___19___(help)theresearchanddevelopmentofdifferenttypesofnewmaterial.Theyhavealsohelpedcompaniesmakebetterheartmonitorsandothermachinesthatdoctorsregularlyuse.Today,spacetechnologiesare___20___(wide)usedinallkindsofindustries.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABritishScienceWeekishappeninginMarch.“Time”isthisyear’stheme.ThemovementofplanetEarthexplainswhywehavedifferentseasonsovertheyearandwhyweneedtimezones.Microsecondaccuracykeepsourcomputersystemstickingandhelpsglobalpositioningsatellitestoprovideuswithpreciselocationinformation.Infact,timeisverynecessaryforusandiskeytosomanySTEMdiscoveries.TheweekhopestoraiseawarenessandstimulateenthusiasmforSTEMsubjects.TherewillbelotsofeventsacrosstheUKandmanydifferentwaysforyoutoexperiencetime.AstronomicalTimeAtTheRoyalObservatoryinGreenwich,London,youcanexploretheoriginsoftellingthetime,andhowtime-tellinginstrumentshaveevolved.We’llalsofindoutwhatsolutionsinventorsandinnovatorsofthepastcameupwithtomeasuretime,helpsailorsatsea,andstandardizetime—ensuringpeopleinandacrosscommunitieswereusingthesameorsimilartime.MakingTimeTheMuseumofTimekeepingishometoafascinatingcollectionofclocks,watches,andtimepieces.Youcanhaveaguidedtourofthemuseumgalleriesandlistentosomeofthestoriesbehindtheartifacts.YoucanseethewatchwornbyCaptainScottonhisill-fatedAntarcticexpeditionof1912andgettohearthevoiceofthefirstSpeakingClock(aphonenumberyoucouldcalltofindoutwhattimeitwas).PassingofTimeFormedoveronemillionyearsago,CheddarGorgeisBritain’sbiggestgorge(deep,narrowvalley).Itis137metersdeepandthreemileslong.Itwascarvedbymeltwaterfloods,leavingbehindmysteriouscaves.ThemostfamousisGough’sCave,whereBritain’soldestcompleteskeleton,knownastheCheddarMan,whichdatesbackover10,000yearsandwasdiscoveredin1903.Youcanfocusonhowourancestorslivedandunderstandthepast.21.Wherecanyouexplorewhatmethodshavebeenproposedtomeasuretime?A.TheRoyalObservatory. B.GreenwichPark. C.MuseumofTimekeeping. D.CheddarGorge.22.WhatcanyoudiscoverattheMuseumofTimekeeping?A.Instrumentsforseaexploration. B.Clockswatches,andtimepieces.C.SomemusicaboutAntarcticexpedition. D.TheCheddarMan’scollectionofartifacts.23.WhatisthesignificanceofCheddarGorge?A.Itisthedeepestgorgeintheworld. B.Ittellshowthecavesweredestroyed.C.Itshowswherethemeltwaterfloodscamefrom. D.Itprovidesinsightintohowourancestorslived.24.WhatisthemainpurposeofBritishScienceWeek?A.ToprovidetoursattheMuseumofTimekeeping.B.Toexplorethehistoryoftimekeepinginstruments.C.TohighlightthegeologicalhistoryofCheddarGorge.D.TopromoteSTEMsubjectsthrougheventsrelatedtothethemeof“Time.”BItwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromsevendifferentprimaryschoolsinandaroundthesmalltownwerewarmingupandwalkingtheroutethroughthickevergreenforest.IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid,whowasstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbigtoothysmilewasabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn’twiththeotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhehaddecidednottorun.Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent!Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool’scoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.“Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughathim,”heexplaineduncomfortably.“Igavehimthechoicetorunornot,andlethimdecide.”Ibitbackmyfrustration(懊恼).Iknewthecoachmeantwell—hethoughthewasdoingtherightthing.AftermakingsurethatDavidcouldrunifhewanted,Iturnedtofindhimcomingtowardsme,hissmallbodyrockingfromsidetosideasheswunghisfeetforward.Davidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.ThatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.Itjusttookhimlonger—that’sall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice,andalthoughhealwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren,hedidalwaysfinish.Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool,IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.Davidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.Theracestarted.Therouteseemedlong,especiallyforachildwithabraindisease.Davidinsistedonrunningasifhehadforgottenallhisweaknesses.Hetrippedwithinthefirstfewkilometersbutquicklypickedhimselfupandcontinued.Classmatescheered,“Comeon!Youcanmakeit!We’reproudofyou!”Toeveryone’sjoy,hereachedthefinishlineandranked20th.Itwasn’timportantwhetherhewonfirstplace.Itwashisbraveheartandstrongfaiththatmadesomethingunusualhappen.25.WhydidthecoachaskDavidtomakethedecision?AThecoachdidn’twantDavidtogetinjured. B.ThecoachthoughtDavidwastooweaktorun.C.ThecoachfearedDavidwouldbemadefunof. D.ThecoachbelievedDavidshouldfocusonhisstudies.26.HowdidDavid’sclassmatesviewhimatschool?A.Theyfeltsorryforhim. B.Theysawhimasanormalkid.C.Theyoftenplayedtricksonhim. D.Theypreventedhimfromactivities.27.WhatcanwelearnfromDavid’sstory?A.Hewonfirstplacewithother’shelp.B.Hewasthemostmodestamongallthechildren.C.Hisbehavorsprovedhisheartdiseasewasaproblem.D.Hisdeterminationandfaithmadetheachievementspecial.CSpaceexplorationhasproducedvaluableinsightsaboutEarth,thesolarsystemandbeyond.However,massivespaceactivityoverthepastfewdecadeshasledtounintendedorbitaldebris(残骸).Everylaunchofsatellitesorrocketsaddstotheproblem,increasingtheriskthatnegativelyinfluencesnotonlyspacemissionsbutalsofutureendeavors.Sincethe1957launchofSputnik-1,humanactivityinEarth’sorbithascausedsignificantdistortionsinspace,raisingseriousconcernsaboutthedebrisleftbehind.Thisever-increasingthreatcanbebestunderstoodthroughtheKesslersyndromeinspace.ThisphenomenonoccurswhenobjectsinlowEarthorbit(LEO)becomesocrowdedthattheybegintohiteachother,creatingmoredebrisandmorecollisions(碰撞),thusresultinginchainreactionsofmergersandfissions.ManyexpertswarnthatLEOismovingtowardsKessler’ssyndrome.Accidentalcollisionsinspacealsoincreasetheorbitaloverload,suchasthe2009collisionbetweentwosatellites,Kosmos2251andIridium33.Sucheventshaveworsenedtheorbitaldebrisproblemandraisedtheprospectofdisastrousspaceconditions.Theneedforsustainablespaceactivitiesandthereductionofspacedebrisisbeingemphasizedgloballytoaddresstherisingspacepollution.Therefore,governmentshaveissuedmanyregulatorymeasures,includingactivedebrisremoval(ADR)technologiesorpollutionprevention,whichareeitherplanned,tested,oralreadycarriedouttoprotectbothexistingspacecraftandonessettobelaunched.Besidesregulatorymeasures,severalmitigatingmethodsarealsousedtoreducetheorbitaloverload.OnesuchmethodinvolvescausingasatellitetobreakdownnaturallybybringingitclosertoEarth’ssurfacesoitburnsupintheatmosphere.Thismethodisconsideredcost-effectivebecausethedefunctsatellitecanbepushedtowardtheEarth’ssurfaceataloweraltitudeusingaphysicaltoollikeanetoranair-burstingtool.AnothersimilartechnologyusesaharpoonthatisfiredinthedirectionofthetargetedspacecrafttocaptureitanddirectittowardsEarthinanactivemanner,causingthedebristodeorbitandplanatmosphericincineration.Toreducethelong-termriskofcollisions,thefocusneedstobeonreducingtheamountofdebrisintheorbit.Internationalcooperationandcontinuedinvestmentindebrisreductiontechnologiesarecarriedouttoreducethepotentiallydisastrousconsequencesofanovercrowdedorbit.28.Whatistheparimaryconcernregardingorbitaldebris?A.Itsimpactonweatherpatterns. B.Itsimpactonfuturespacemissions.C.Itsimpactonsatellitecommunication. D.Itsimpactonnaturalatmosphericprocesses.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigating”inParagraph6mostprobablymean?A.Lessening. B.Worsening. C.Curing. D.Strengthening.30.Whataresomeregulatoryandmitigationmeasurestoaddressspacedebris?A.Frequentsatellitelaunches. B.Morespacetourismfortax.C.Activedebrisremovaltechnologies. D.Morespacetelescopesformonitoring.31.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Therearenoexistingmethodstoreducespacedebris.B.Reducingspacedebriscallsforjointandfurtherefforts.C.Thekesslersyndromeisaminorconcernforspacemissions.D.Activedebrisremoval(ADR)technologiesaretheonlysolutiontospacedebris.DAninternationalteamoffossil(化石)huntershasdiscoveredtheremainsofa“nursery”ofprehistoricseacreaturesinChina.Thefossilsdatebacktoaround518millionyearsago—atimeknownastheCambrianPeriod,whenalllifeonEarthlivedintheoceans.ItisveryraretofindsomanyfossilsfromtheCambrianPeriodinoneplace.Thescientists,ledbyXianfengYangfromYunnanUniversity,found2,846fossilsfrom118differentspeciesatthesite,nearthecityofKunming.Theyincludeancientancestorsofmodern-dayinsects,shellfishandworms,aswellasextincttrilobites(三叶虫).Seventeenofthespeciesdiscoveredarenewtoscience,andmorethanhalfofthefossilsareyounganimals.Thishasledresearcherstotheconclusionthatthesitewasasortofdeep-seanurserywhereconditionswerewellsuitedforyoungcreaturestogrow.Whentheseabedwascoveredbysoftmud(泥)thesecreatures’remainswereperfectlypreserved,eventuallycreatingalayeroffossil-richrock.Alongsidehardbodyparts,likebonesandteeth,softtissuewasalsopreserved,whichisespeciallyimportantwhenlookingbacktoaperiodwhenmostanimalshadsoftbodies.Someofthefossilsaresowellpreservedthatresearchershavebeenabletospotbodypartsthey’veneverseenbefore.Onebenefitofalltheyoungcreaturesfossilsisthatscientistswillbeabletolearnhowthecreatureschangedastheyaged.“We’llseehowdifferentbodypartsgrewovertime,”explainedresearcherJulienKimmig,fromPennStateUniversityintheUS,“whichissomethingwecurrentlydonotknowaboutformostofthesegroups.”What’smore,Kimmigandhiscolleagueswillbeabletocomparethecreatureswithlivingthingstoday.“Wewillseeifhowtheseanimalsdeveloptodayissimilartohowtheydeveloped500millionyearsago,orifsomethinghaschangedthroughouttime.”32.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefossilsfound?A.Halfofthemareextinctseacreatures. B.Theyarespreadoutoverdifferentsites.C.Someofthemarepreviouslyunknownspecies. D.Theybelongtorareanimalslivingintheoceans.33Whatkeptthecreatures’remainsfrombeingdamaged?A.Theywereprotectedinrocks. B.Theywereburiedinthedeepsea.C.Theseafloorwascoatedwithmud. D.Theseabedwasingoodcondition.34.Whatdoscientistswanttolearnfromthefossils?A.Thecreatures’age. B.Changesinthecreatures’growth.C.Similaritiesbetweenthesespeciesgroups. D.Thecreatures’impactonlivingthingstoday.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Cultureshockisthefeelingofuncertainty,confusion,oranxietythatpeoplemaygetwhentheyliveinorvisitanothercountrythatdiffersfromtheirown.______35______Itcanundoubtedlyaffectpeople’slives.Thefollowingaresomewaystodealwithcultureshock.Haveagoodunderstandingofcultureandcultureshock.Therearemanyfactorsthatmakeupaculture,includingsharedbeliefs,traditionsandmorals.______36______It’sbecausetheyaresurroundedbypeoplewiththesamebeliefsandvalues,andculturaldifferencesareonlyclearwhenyoumeetsomeoneelse’sculture.Keepajournal(日记)ofyourthoughts._____37_____Andyouarefeelingabitoverwhelmed(不知所措的)withtheculturethere.Ratherthangivingintoyouranxiety,writeitout.Writedownhowyoufeltatthemomentandwhattroubledyouormadeyouhappythatday.Youcanalsoputsomethingdownifyou’remissinganyonefromyourhometown.______38______Don’tallowyourselftobecomearecluse(隐居者)duringthisexperience.Youcanshareyourfeelingsandexperienceswithyourrelativesandfriends.Ifyouarestudyingabroadandhaveotherclassmateswhohavesimilarfeelings,connectwiththemaswellaswiththosewhoareadjustingabitmoreeasily.Dosomethingsyouusuallylike.Don’tallowthecultureshocktooccupyyourmind.Andtrytodosomethinginterestingtoreplacearangeofnegativeemotions,includinganxiety,sadness,anger,homesickness,andsometimesevendepression._____39_____Orpracticeyourhobbieslikereadinganddancing.A.Shareyourculture.B.Talktoothersaboutyourexperiences.C.Trytostepoutsideofyourownculture.D.Sometimessuchafeelingcanbeverystrong.E.Youcanwatchmoviesorlistentomusicthatyouenjoy.F.Manypeopledon’trealizehowcultureinfluencesthem.G.Perhapsyouhaverecentlymovedtoanewcityorcountry.第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共6小题;每小题2分，共12分)根据中文和给出的英文提示词语，完成下列英文句子。将答案写在答题卡指定区域内。40.唐人街是多元文化的一个重要组成部分。(Chinatowns,diverseculture)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________41.在那时候，来自中国的移民定居在这个地区。（immigrants,settle）（汉译英）____________________________________________________________________________________________42.作为医生，我们必须对患者负责。(responsible,patients)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________43.工作了几年之后，林医生被派往欧洲学习。(send,Europe)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________44.太空探索给世界带来了种种好处。(explorespace,benefits)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________45.在此之前，大部分人认为在太空旅行是一个无法实现的梦。(travellingintospace,impossibledream)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(20分)46.假设你是红星中学李华，你的英国朋友Jim暑期想要来中国旅游，了解中国少数民族文化。请你给他写一封电子邮件，帮他推荐一座城市，内容包括：1．你建议及理由;2．你的祝愿。注意：1．词数100左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数;2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

通州区2023—2024学年第二学期高一年级期末质量检测英语试卷2024年7月本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Reagan,abooklover,lookedupfromhisreadingasthebellrangovertheentrancetothebookstore.Puzzled,hewatchedforaminuteasDarya___1___towardthecounter(柜台)asiftoaskaquestion.Itdidn’tmakesensethatDarya,oneoftheschool’stopathletes,wasinabookstore.Notwantingtobenoticed,Reagan___2___foundanothervolumetoread.Hewouldn’tknowwhattosayifshetriedtostartaconversationbecausehethoughttheytwoweretoodifferenttohaveanythingto___3___.“Hey,Reagan.”Hergreeting___4___him,andhisbreathcaughtinhisthroatasitbecameapparenthehadn’tescapedafterall.“Maybeyoucanhelpme.”Hedoubtedit,buthemanagedtochokeoutareply.“Me?”“I’mtryingto___5___abookonsoccerskills.Iwon’tbeabletogotocampoverspringbreak,andIneedtoimprovemygamebeforethenextseasonbegins.”Reaganswallowed,thenmotionedrandomlywithhishandsbeforehefoundhisvoice.“Sure.Overhere.”Hethoughtitwouldsaveconfusionifhejust___6___thewayratherthantrytopointherintherightdirection.Asshefollowedhimthroughtheshelves,hedaredtoimaginetheymightnotbeso___7___afterall.Hefeltabriefflashofhope,thesunshiningsuddenlywhereallhadbeengray.___8___,oneofDarya’steammatesappearedasifoutofnowhere,urginghertofinishanypurchases,ortheywouldbelateforpractice.Sighing,Reaganrealizednothinghadreallychanged;thedifferenceswouldneverletthembreakdownthosebarriers,eveniftheysochose.Instead,sheturnedtoReaganwitha___9___smile,“Thanksforyourhelp,andhey,maybewecouldplaysoccersometime?”Surprisedbutpleased,Reagan’sheartleaptattheunexpected____10____,asignthatperhapsthebarrierswerenotasinsurmountable(跨越)ashe’dthought.1.A.rushed B.walked C.drove D.turned2.A.apparently B.obviously C.quickly D.finally3.A.talkabout B.dealwith C.carryout D.settlein4.A.inspired B.reminded C.attacked D.surprised5.A.locate B.figure C.gather D.deliver6.A.controlled B.led C.designed D.made7.A.particular B.unique C.different D.determined8.A.Luckily B.Actually C.Slowly D.Immediately9.A.warm B.forced C.crazy D.determined10.A.congratulation B.invitation C.election D.fortune【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A6.B7.C8.D9.A10.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Reagan在书店遇到学校顶尖运动员Darya，并帮助她找到一本关于足球技巧的书的故事。在这个过程中，Reagan意识到他们之间的差异并不是不可逾越的，Darya的邀请让他感到惊喜，也让他看到了打破壁垒的希望。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他困惑地看着Darya走向柜台，Darya好像要问一个问题。A.rushed匆忙；B.walked走；C.drove驾驶；D.turned转身。根据下文“towardthecounter”可知，Darya走向柜台，表示她在书店里走动，故选B。【2题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Reagan不想被注意到，迅速找到了另一本书来读。A.apparently显然地；B.obviously明显地；C.quickly迅速地；D.finally最后。根据上文“Notwantingtobenoticed”可知，Reagan不想被注意到，所以他迅速找到了另一本书来读，故选C。【3题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他不会知道该说什么，如果她试图开始一个对话，因为他认为他们两个太不同，没有什么可谈的。A.talkabout谈论；B.dealwith处理；C.carryout执行；D.settlein适应（新工作、新学校等）。根据上文“hethoughttheytwoweretoodifferenttohaveanythingto”可知，Reagan认为他和Darya太不同，没有什么可谈论的，故选A。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的问候让他感到惊讶，当他意识到自己终究没能逃脱时，他的呼吸卡在喉咙里。A.inspired激励；B.reminded提醒；C.attacked攻击；D.surprised使惊讶。根据下文“asitbecameapparenthehadn’tescapedafterall”可知，Darya的问候让Reagan感到惊讶，因为他原以为自己逃脱了，没想到会被注意到，故选D。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正在找一本关于足球技巧书。A.locate定位、找出……的准确地点；B.figure计算；C.gather收集；D.deliver递送。根据下文“abookonsoccerskills”可知，Darya在找一本关于足球技巧的书，所以需要找到这本书，故选A。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他认为如果他自己带路，而不是试图指引她正确的方向，这样可以避免混淆。A.controlled控制；B.led带领；C.designed设计；D.made制造。根据下文“ratherthantrytopointherintherightdirection”可知，Reagan决定亲自带路，而不是仅仅指引方向，故选B。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她跟着他穿过书架时，他敢想象他们可能并没有那么不同。A.particular特别的；B.unique独特的；C.different不同的；D.determined坚定的。根据上文“becausehethoughttheytwoweretoodifferent”“hedaredtoimaginetheymightnotbeso”以及下文“Hefeltabriefflashofhope”可知，Reagan开始意识到他和Darya可能并没有那么不同，故选C。【8题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：立刻，Darya的一个队友不知从哪里冒出来，催促她赶快结账，否则他们会迟到练习。A.Luckily幸运地；B.Actually实际上；C.Slowly慢慢地；D.Immediately立刻。根据下文“oneofDarya’steammatesappearedasifoutofnowhere”可知，Darya的队友突然出现，催促她赶快结账，所以是立刻出现的，故选D。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，她转过身来，带着友好的微笑对Reagan说：“谢谢你的帮助，嘿，也许我们可以找个时间踢足球？”A.warm友好的、温暖的；B.forced勉强的；C.crazy疯狂的；D.determined坚定的。根据下文“Thanksforyourhelp,andhey,maybewecouldplaysoccersometime?”可知，Darya带着友好的微笑感谢Reagan，并提出一起踢足球的邀请，故选A。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Reagan感到惊讶但高兴，他的心因为意外的邀请而跳动，这是一个迹象，表明那些壁垒可能并不像他想象的那么不可逾越。A.congratulation祝贺；B.invitation邀请；C.election选举；D.fortune财富。根据上文“Thanksforyourhelp,andhey,maybewecouldplaysoccersometime?”可知，此处说的是Darya的邀请，故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Asafive-year-oldgirl,LinQiaozhiwasdeeplyaffectedbyhermother’sdeath.Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,she___11___(choose)tostudymedicine.“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?___12___(find)agoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!”herbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.Sheresponded,“I’dratherstayasingle___13___(study)allmylife!”【答案】11.chose12.Finding13.tostudy【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章简要讲述了著名医生林巧稚受到母亲的影响，没有选择走传统的婚姻道路，而是不顾哥哥的反对，选择了学医的故事。【11题详解】考查时态。句意：18岁时，她没有像大多数女孩一样走传统的婚姻道路，而是选择了学医。根据“Atage18”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填chose。【12题详解】考查非谓语。句意：“为什么女孩要学这么多？”找到一个好丈夫应该是她们的最终目标!。动名词做主语，首字母大写。故填Finding。【13题详解】考查非谓语。句意：我宁愿一辈子单身也要学习！。不定式作目的状语。故填tostudy。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Intheafternoon,IheadedtoalocalmuseumthatshowedthehistoricalchangesinCalifornia.In1848,goldwasdiscoverednearSanFrancisco,___14___startedagoldrush.Over300,000peoplecamefromallovertheworldtoseek___15___(they)fortune,andSanFranciscoquicklybecameabigcity.ManyChinesearrivedduringthisperiod.___16___(earn)aliving,someopenedupshopsandrestaurants___17___Chinatown.Manyothersfoundjobsonfarms,joinedthegoldrush,orwenttobuildtherailway.【答案】14.which15.their16.To17.in【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去了当地的博物馆，了解了加利福尼亚州的历史变迁。【14题详解】考查定语从句。句意：1848年，在旧金山附近发现了黄金，开始了淘金热。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是整个主句指物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which来引导。故填which。【15题详解】考查物主代词。句意：超过30万人从世界各地来到这里寻求财富，旧金山迅速成为一个大城市。根据空格后的名词fortune可知，修饰名词应该用形容词性物主代词，所以空格处应该用提示词的形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。【16题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：为了谋生，一些人在唐人街开了商店和餐馆。分析句意可知，此处应该用提示词的动词不定式形式作目的状语表示“为了谋生”。故填To。【17题详解】考查介词。句意：同上。根据空格后的Chinatown可知，此处用介词in表示“在”唐人街。故填in。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Spaceexplorationhasalreadypromotedtechnologicalimprovementsthatbenefitusall.High-endproductsaroundtheworld___18___(make)toahigherstandardnowbecauseofadvancedtechnology.Forexample,spacetechnologies___19___(help)theresearchanddevelopmentofdifferenttypesofnewmaterial.Theyhavealsohelpedcompaniesmakebetterheartmonitorsandothermachinesthatdoctorsregularlyuse.Today,spacetechnologiesare___20___(wide)usedinallkindsofindustries.【答案】18.aremade19.havehelped20.widely【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了太空探索对技术进步的推动作用，以及这些技术在各个行业的广泛应用。【18题详解】考查被动语态。句意：由于先进的技术，世界各地的高端产品现在都以更高的标准制造。根据句意，高端产品是被制造出来的，所以应该使用被动语态。同时，根据上下文的时间状语“now”可知，此处应该使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填aremade。【19题详解】考查时态。句意：例如，太空技术已经帮助研究和开发了不同类型的新材料。根据下文“Theyhavealsohelpedcompaniesmakebetterheartmonitorsandothermachinesthatdoctorsregularlyuse(他们也帮助公司制造了更好的心脏监测器和其他医生经常使用的机器)”可知，太空技术对新材料的研究和开发起到了帮助作用，且这种帮助作用是从过去开始，一直延续到现在的，所以应该使用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词应用have。故填havehelped