广州中考英语2020-2024年5年真题汇编专题07 阅读理解之说明文（教师）

广州中考英语2020-2024年5年真题汇编专题07阅读理解之说明文【五年考情回顾】年份体裁主题内容2024年说明文1.本文主要讲述了升级回收（upcycling）的概念、与普通回收（recycling）的区别、其环保优势以及通过Grace的故事展示了“升级回收”的实际应用，旨在鼓励人们进行“升级回收”。2.本文主要介绍了不同种类的机器人。2023年说明文本文主要介绍了过去词典是如何制作的。2022年说明文1.本文讲述定向运动游戏的具体操作说明。2.本文讲述用正确的方式帮助朋友的建议。2021年说明文1.介绍了一张特殊的专辑唱片。这张唱片拯救了许多鲸鱼的生命。2.文章主要讲述的是拖延的问题，讲述停止拖延的一些举措。2020年说明文本文介绍了来自世界各地的五项有趣的运动：人和马的马拉松比赛、骆驼摔跤、赛龙舟、抛竿赛、国际象棋拳击。（2024·广东广州·中考真题）Haveyoueverheardofupcycling?Itisawayofturningoldorunnecessarythingsintosomethingusefulandoftenbeautiful.Isitthesameasrecycling?Recyclingusuallytakesoldthings,likepaperandglass,andbreaksthemdowntomakeanewproduct.Whenyouupcycleanobject,youareprobablydoingsomethingdifferent.Youcansimplyrefashionit.Forexample,youmightmakeabagoutofanoldT-shirt.Also,theupcycledobjectisusuallyinthesame,orevenbettercondition.Upcyclingisn’tanewidea.Someofthebestexamplesofmodem-dayupcyclingcomefromtheoldtimes.Inthosedays,thingswererepurposedoverandoveruntiltheywerenolongeruseful.Upcyclingisawayoflife.Thingsshouldn’tbejustthrownawaywhentheycanbesavedandturnedintosomethinguseful.It’sclearthatupcyclingisgreen.Itisalsoconsideredtobemoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanrecycling.Upcyclingcanjustrequireyourownideasandwork,butrecyclingrequiresenergy(能源)orwatertobreakdownthings.Grace,ayoungwomanfromtheUK,takesusedteabagsandturnsthemintodresses,shoesandevenhats.Everydayshedrinkssometea,thendriesouttheteabagswiththeteastillinthem.Whenthey’redry,shetakestheteaoutandputsthebagstogethertomakeanitemofclothing.Thiscantakealongtime,butGracehasmadelotsofartworks.Infact,nomatteryoucreateobjectsfromoldthingsorbuyready-madeproductsfromupcycledthings,bothwaysarehelpfulfortheenvironmentandcanbringyousomethingthat’sbothbeautifulanduseful.Getstartedtoday!1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“refashion”meaninparagraph2?A．Breakdownuselessthings. B．Collectusedthings.C．Createthingsoutofoldones. D．Comeupwithgoodideas.2．Howisupcyclingdifferentfromrecycling?A．It’sacompletelynewidea. B．Itneedsmoreenergy.C．Itrequiresmoretimeandwork. D．It’sagreenerwayoflife.3．WhydoesthewritertellthestoryofGraceinparagraph5?A．Tolistthestepsofdoingupcycling. B．Togiveagoodexampleofupcycling.C．Toexpressadifferentideaofupcycling. D．Toprovidebasicknowledgeofupcycling.4．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toencouragepeopletodoupcycling. B．Tointroducethehistoryofupcycling.C．Tocompareupcyclingwithrecycling. D．Toexplaintheimportanceofrecycling【答案】1．C2．D3．B4．A【导语】本文主要讲述了升级回收（upcycling）的概念、与普通回收（recycling）的区别、其环保优势以及通过Grace的故事展示了“升级回收”的实际应用，旨在鼓励人们进行“升级回收”。1．词义猜测题。根据“ Forexample,youmightmakeabagoutofanoldT-shirt”可知，refashion的意思是“用旧的东西创造新的东西”，故选C。2．细节理解题。根据“It’sclearthatupcyclingisgreen.Itisalsoconsideredtobemoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanrecycling”可知，“升级回收”是一种更环保的生活方式，故选D。3．细节理解题。根据“Grace,ayoungwomanfromtheUK,takesusedteabagsandtumsthemintodresses,shoesandevenhats”可知，作者通过Grace的故事来举一个“升级回收”的好例子，故选B。4．推理判断题。根据“Getstartedtoday!”以及全文内容可知，文章的主要目的是鼓励人们进行“升级回收”，故选A。（2024·广东广州·中考真题）Manypeopleknowthatrobotsexplorespaceandbuildthingsinfactories.Butdidyouknowthattherearemanyotherkindsofrobots?Let’smeetsomeoftheserobotsandfindoutwhattheydo.Robot1Ifyourfamilyaremovingtoanewhouse,thistwo-leggedrobotisagoodhelper.Itcanliftseveralheavyboxesandcarrythemtothemovingtruckbeforereturninginsideformore.Ithastheabilitytowalkmorecarefullyandskillfullythanotherrobots.Robot2Poweredbythesun,thisrobotworksinaforest.Itkeepsaneyeoneverythingfromanimalmovementstotheforest’stemperature,thensendstheinformationbacktothescientists.Thisrobotcanwatchhowtheenvironmentchangesforalongperiodoftime,whichisdifficultforhumans.Robot3Thispie-makingrobotiscuttingapieintopiecesinthekitchen.Itusesitsarmstodoallthethingshumancooksmightdowhentheymakefood.Butitmakesmuchmorefoodthanhumancooks.Itcanprepareapiein45secondsandcook80piesanhour.Itevendividesyourpieandboxesitup.Robot4Thisbrightorangerobothelpsrepairthemachinesunderdeepwater.Itcanreachthepartwhichistoodeepforahumandiver.Humansprogramwheretherobotshouldgoandwhatitshoulddo.Thisrobotcanalsohelphumansexploretheseaanddiscovernewlivingthings.Butitcan’tworkforlongunderwater.5．Whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectmatchbetweentherobotsandtheirworkingplaces?A．Robot1—③,Robot2—④,Robot3—②,Robot4—①B．Robot1—②,Robot2—①,Robot3—③,Robot4—④C．Robot1—②,Robot2—④,Robot3—③,Robot4—①D．Robot1—③,Robot2—①,Robot3—②,Robot4—④6．WhatisanadvantageofRobot3?A．Itmakesthefoodmoredelicious. B．Itcooksdifferentkindsoffood.C．Itpreparesfoodatafasterspeed. D．Itkeepsthekitchencleanandtidy.7．WhatcanRobot2andRobot4bothdo?A．Studytheinformationforscientists. B．Keepworkingforalongperiodoftime.C．HelphumanslearnmoreabouttheEarth. D．Dolotsofheavyhouseworkforpeople.【答案】5．A6．C7．C【导语】本文主要介绍了不同种类的机器人。5．细节理解题。根据“Robot1Ifyourfamilyaremovingtoanewhouse,thistwo-leggedrobotisagoodhelper.Itcanliftseveralheavyboxesandcarrythemtothemovingtruckbeforereturninginsideformore”可知第一种机器人可以用于搬家时搬运沉重的箱子，故Robot1和③对应；根据“Robot2Poweredbythesun,thisrobotworksinaforest”可知第二种机器人在森林里工作，故Robot2和④对应；根据“Robot3Thispie-makingrobotiscuttingapieintopiecesinthekitchen”可知第三种机器人在厨房工作，故Robot3和②对应；根据“Robot4Thisbrightorangerobothelpsrepairthemachinesunderdeepwater”可知第四种机器人在深水下工作，故Robot4和①对应。故选A。6．细节理解题。根据“Butitmakesmuchmorefoodthanhumancooks.”可知第三种机器人准备食物比较快。故选C。7．推理判断题。根据“Itkeepsaneyeoneverythingfromanimalmovementstotheforest’stemperature,thensendstheinformationbacktothescientists”可知第二种机器人密切关注从动物运动到森林温度的一切，然后将信息发送给科学家；根据“Thisrobotcanalsohelphumansexploretheseaanddiscovernewlivingthings.”可知第四种机器人可以帮助人类探索海洋，发现新的生物；可见这两种机器人可以帮助人类更多地了解地球。故选C。（2023·广东广州·中考真题）Peoplebelievethateverywordhasitscorrectmeaning(s).Whenwearenotsure,weusuallycheckonline,orturntoourteachersordictionaries.Butdoyouknowhowdictionariesweremadeinthepast?Dictionarywritersfirstreadtheimportantbooksoftheperiodorthesubjectthatthedictionarywasabout.Astheyread,theycopiednecessaryinformationoncards:interestingwords,commonwords—bothintheirdailyusesandunusualuses,andalsothesentenceswheretheywereused.Thatistosay,thewords,alongwiththeusesofeachword,werecollected.Forareallybigdictionary,millionsofsuchcardswerecollected.Thistaskcouldlastforyears.Asthecardswerecollected,theywereputinalphabeticalorder(A—Z).Whenthiswasdone,therewouldbeseveralhundredcardsforeachsingleword.Then,todefine(定义)aword,thedictionarywriterplaceditshundredsofcardsbeforehim.Hereadthecardsclosely,threwawaysome,readtherestagain,anddividedupthecardsaccordingtowhathethoughtwerethecommonusesoftheword.Finally,hewrotethedefinitions,followingthehard-and-fastrule:eachdefinitionmustcomefromanexampleonacertaincardinfrontofhim.So,thewritingofadictionarywasnotataskofinventingmeaningsofwords,butataskofrecordingtheirmeanings.Thewriterofadictionarywasahistorian,notalawmaker.Astimedevelops,thewayofproducingdictionarieshasgreatlychanged.Nowadays,wecanuseonlinedictionariestoo.Whenchoosingourwordsinspeakingorwriting,wecanbeguidedbythedictionary.However,wecannotbecontrolledbyit,becausenewsituations,newexperiences,newinventions,andnewfeelings,arealwayspushingustogivenewusestooldwords.8．Whydiddictionarywritersreadimportantbooks?A．Toknowmoreabouttheperiod. B．Tocollectwordsandtheiruses.C．Tounderstanddifferentsubjects. D．Tolearntouseinterestingwords.9．Whichshowsthecorrectstepsofhowdictionariesweremadeinthepast?

A．①-③-④-② B．①-②-④-③ C．③-④-②-① D．③-①-④-②10．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassageaboutdictionarywritinginthepast?A．Itshouldbedonebyhistorians. B．Itwasataskofinventingandrecording.C．Itwaslong-timehardwork. D．Ithadtousethelaw-makingrules.11．Whatdoesthewriteradviseustodowhenwechoosewordsincommunication?A．Beopentothenewusesofwords. B．Followthedictionarystrictly.C．Useonlinedictionariesinstead. D．Trytocreatenewwords.【答案】8．B9．D10．C11．A【导语】本文主要介绍了过去词典是如何制作的。8．推理判断题。根据“Astheyread,theycopiednecessaryinformationoncards:interestingwords,commonwords—bothintheirdailyusesandunusualuses,andalsothesentenceswheretheywereused.Thatistosay,thewords,alongwiththeusesofeachword,werecollected.”（当他们阅读时，他们把必要的信息抄写在卡片上：有趣的单词，常见的单词——包括日常使用和不常用的单词，以及使用这些单词的句子。也就是说，这些单词以及每个单词的用法都被收集了起来。）可推知词典编纂者要读重要的书籍是为了收集单词及其用法，故选B。9．细节理解题。根据“Astheyread,theycopiednecessaryinformationoncards:interestingwords,commonwords-bothintheirdailyusesandunusualuses,andalsothesentenceswheretheywereused.”、“Asthecardswerecollected,theywereputinalphabeticalorder(A—Z).”、“Then,todefine(定义)aword,thedictionarywriterplaceditshundredsofcardsbeforehim.Hereadthecardsclosely,threwawaysome,readtherestagain,anddividedupthecardsaccordingtowhathethoughtwerethecommonusesoftheword.”、“Finally,hewrotethedefinitions,followingthehard-and-fastrule:eachdefinitionmustcomefromanexampleonacertaincardinfrontofhim.”可知，过去制作字典首先把有趣的单词，日常使用和不寻常使用的常见单词，以及使用它们的句子记在卡片上；然后收集卡片时，按字母顺序（A-Z）排列；其次筛选卡片，根据词典编纂者认为的单词的常用用法将卡片分开；最后是按照硬性规定写下了定义，每个定义都必须来自他面前某张卡片上的一个例子。所以正确的步骤是③-①-④-②。故选D。10．推理判断题。根据“Forareallybigdictionary,millionsofsuchcardswerecollected.”（对于一本真正的大字典来说，收集了数百万张这样的卡片。）可知过去编纂词典是一项长期艰苦的工作。故选C。11．细节理解题。根据“However,wecannotbecontrolledbyit,becausenewsituations,newexperiences,newinventions,andnewfeelings,arealwayspushingustogivenewusestooldwords.”可知作者建议大家在使用词典时不能被它所控制，因为新的情况、新的经历、新的发明和新的感受总是在推动我们对旧词赋予新的用途，也就是接受词汇的新用法。故选A。（2022·广东广州·中考真题）Imagineyouareinanewcity.Youasksomeonehowtogettoabookstore.Theytellyoutogostraight,turnleft,andyouwillfinditonyourleft.Infact,youcanalsofindyourwaywithaphone.Nowimagineyouareinanoutdoorgame.Youonlyhaveamapandacompass,andinsteadofrunningdownacityroad,youmayneedtorunaroundinthewoods,climboverrocksandgoupanddownhills.Welcometoorienteering!Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations.Thesestationsarecalledcontrols.Aspecialflag,usuallyinbrightcolours,markseachcontrol.Controlsarenoteasytofind.Theymaybeinfrontofabigrockorbehindatree.Inmostofthegames,you’llhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder,butinsomegamesyoucanchangetheorder.Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways(SeeFigure1).Thecardsareveryimportantbecauseplayersmustfindallthecontrolstowin.Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon’thavethatmarkontheircards.Theymightcrossthefinishlinefirst,butthenextpersontofinishwithafullcardwillwinthegame.OrienteeringControlCardCultureNote:ThefirstcompasswasinventedbyancientChinesepeople.IthelpsyoufindyourwaybyalwayspointingtotheNorth.NameStarttimeCourseAgeClassFinishtime123456789101112Figure112．Whatwillplayerscarryinthegame?A．Amap,acompassandaflag. B．Aflag,acompassandacard.C．Acompass,amapandacard. D．Aphone,acompassandamap.13．Whichofthefollowingisaruleofthegame?A．Youdon’tneedtomarkthecards.B．Youcan’tmissanyofthecontrolstowin.C．Youhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder.D．Youmustbethefirsttopassthefinishlinetowin.14．HowmanycontrolshasAnnafinishedinthegame?A．9. B．10. C．11. D．12.【答案】12．C13．B14．B【导语】本文讲述定向运动游戏的具体操作说明。12．细节理解题。根据“Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations”及“Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways”可知，在游戏中，需要携带一张地图，一个指南针和一张卡片。故选C。13．推理判断题。根据“Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon’thavethatmarkontheircard”，可知如果错过了一个控制点，就不会在卡片上得到那个得分，可知不能错过赢的任何控制点。故选B。14．推理判断题。根据表格的控制点有1到5,7到9，以及11到12，可知共完成10个控制点。故选B。（2022·广东广州·中考真题）Whenyouandyourfriendsturntoeachothertotalkaboutproblemsortroubles,yougiveeachotheradviceandhelp.Oneimportantthingofourgrowthistomakedecisionstohelpourfriendsandlearntosupporteachother.Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways.Thefirststeptowardhelpingothersistoidentifythattheyneedhelp.Weallknowthatdifficultiesarepartofourdailylives.However,sometimessmallthingscanleadtomoreseriousproblemsthatrequiremorehelp.It’simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell.Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingattentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife.Whenwecommunicatewithothers,weneedtolearnwhentospeakandwhennotto.Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefeelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives.Listeningandpayingattentiontootherswhentheyspeakisasignofrespectandaskillthatwillleadtodeeperandbetterrelationships.15．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Todiscusswhypeoplehelpeachother. B．Todescribetheproblemsofgivinghelp.C．Tointroducetheadvantagesofgivinghelp. D．Toexplainhowwecanhelpothersproperly.16．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“identify”inparagraph2mean?A．Require. B．Discover. C．Suggest. D．Remember.17．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A．Actasagoodlistenertoyourfriends. B．Learnhowtogiveadvicetoyourfriends.C．Payattentiontoyourfriends’unusualacts. D．Buildgoodrelationshipswithyourfriends.18．Accordingtothewriter,whatshouldyoudoifyourfriendsdon’tfollowyouradviceontheirseriousproblems?A．Keeptheirproblemsassecrets. B．Letthemmaketheirowndecisions.C．Findoutthecausesoftheirproblems. D．Gethelpfromtheirtrustedteachers.【答案】15．D16．B17．A18．C【导语】本文讲述用正确的方式帮助朋友的建议。15．推理判断题。根据第一段“Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways”可知，文章主要为了讲述帮助朋友意味着什么，怎样以正确的方式帮助朋友。故选D。16．词义猜测题。根据第二段“It’simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell”可知，确认什么时候帮助朋友是重要的，“identify”表达“识别，确认”，相当于“discover”。故选B。17．段落大意题。根据“Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingattentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife”可知，第三段讲述帮助朋友接下来的一步是做一个好的聆听者。故选A。18．推理判断题。根据第三段“Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefeelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives”可知，如果在很严重的问题上朋友不听取你的建议，你应该努力弄懂朋友的感受和经历，努力从他们的角度看问题。可知需要弄清楚问题的原因。故选C。（2021·广东广州·中考真题）

Thetop-sellingalbum(唱片),SongsoftheHumpbackWhale,wasmadepublicin1970.Thiscollectionofnaturerecordingschangedthewaymanypeoplethoughtaboutwhales,andithelpedsavethousandsofwhales’lives.ThealbummightneverhavebeenmadewithoutasoundengineernamedFrankWatlington.Inthe1960s,Watlingtonwasmakingunderwaterrecordingswhenhenoticedsomestrange,deepsounds.Herealizedtheywerecomingfromwhales.WatlingtonplayedtherecordingsforapairofscientistsnamedRogerandKatyPayne.Whentheylistened,theyfellinlovewiththesebeautifulvoicesatonce.KatyPaynestudiedmusicaswellasanimals,andshewasgreatlysurprisedbyhowthewhalescommunicatedusingsoundslikeanopera(歌剧)singer.Shealsonoticedanotherinterestingfact:thesoundshadclearpatterns.Accordingtoscientists,ananimalsoundwitharepeatingpatterniscalledasong.Somescientistsevencomparedthesesinginganimalstomusicians.ThePaynesthoughtthatotherpeopleshouldalsohearthebeautyofthewhales’songs.SoRogermadetherecordingsintoanalbum.Atthetimewhenthealbumcameout,whaleswereoftencaught,killedandtradedformoney.Somekindswereevenindangerofdyingout.Mostpeoplehadneverthoughtthatwhalescouldcommunicatethroughsongs.Butafterhearingthealbum,theybegantothinkdifferently.Thealbumledpeopletotakeactiontosavewhales.Musiciansbeganusingwhalesongsintheirmusic,andwhaleswereincludedinmoviesandtelevisionshows.In1982,abantostopdeep-seawhalingwasmade.Beforeit,inthe1950sand1960s,morethanfiftythousandwhalesperyearwerekilled.Afterit,thenumberwentdownbelowtwothousand.Itmightseemimpossiblethatjustonealbumcouldhelpsavethelivesofsomanywhales.Butthisalbumtoldpeoplesecretsaboutwhalesthathadlongbeenhiddenunderthesea.Itallowedwhalestofinallysharetheirsongswiththehumanworld.19．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Tocallonpeopletosavewhales.B．Totellhowagoodalbumwasmade.C．Toshowthatwhalesarebornsingers.D．Tointroduceanalbumanditsstories.20．Whofirstfoundthespecialvoicesofthewhales?A．Asongrecorder.B．Anoperasinger. C．Asoundengineer. D．Ananimalscientist.21．WhatfactaboutthewhalessurprisedKatyPayne?A．Theycouldtalkwithscientists.B．Theycouldsinglikeanoperasinger.C．Theycouldrepeatinterestingsounds.D．Theycouldcommunicatethroughsongs.22．Whichisoneofthevaluesofthealbum?A．Itsuccessfullystoppeddeep-seawhaling.B．Ithelpedpeopleunderstandwhalesbetter.C．Itmadesomemusicandmoviestarspopular.D．Itencouragedmusicianstoworkwithscientists.【答案】19．D20．C21．D22．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一张特殊的专辑唱片。这张唱片拯救了许多鲸鱼的生命。19．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一张特殊的专辑唱片。这张唱片拯救了许多鲸鱼的生命。故选D。20．细节理解题。根据原文“ThealbummightneverhavebeenmadewithoutasoundengineernamedFrankWatlington”可知，是一位音响师首先发现了鲸鱼的特别声音。故选C。21．细节理解题。根据原文“KatyPaynestudiedmusicaswellasanimals,andshewasgreatlysurprisedbyhowthewhalescommunicatedusingsoundslikeanopera(歌剧)singer”可知，KatyPayne对鲸鱼用歌声进行交流感到很惊讶。故选D。22．细节理解题。根据原文“Thealbumledpeopletotakeactiontosavewhales…In1982,abantostopdeep-seawhalingwasmade”这张唱片让人们开始采取行动保护鲸鱼，并促成了深海捕鲸的禁令。故选A。（2021·广东广州·中考真题）LookingattheundonehomeworkonhisdeskalwaysmakesDavidGreyfeeluncomfortable.Moreoftenthannot,DavidleaveshishomeworkbehindandsurfstheInternetorwatchesTVinstead,waitinguntilthelastminute.“Butthelonger1wait,”saysDavid,aged15,“themoreIworry.”Everyoneprocrastinates(拖延)becausetheywanttofeelgoodnow.Thewaytodothatistoavoidthetask.Youcanprocrastinateonnearlyanything,evenenjoyabletaskssuchasplanningavacation.“Somepeopleprocrastinatecleaning.Somepeopleprocrastinatebycleaning,”saysProfessorPeterStone.Researchhasshownthatthetoptasksyoungpeopleprocrastinatearestudyingandgoingtobed.“Onebigcauseforprocrastinationisthatpeopleareafraidoffailure,ofnotmeetingothers’expectations,”Stoneadds.Somepeoplebelievethatprocrastinationwillmakethemthrive.Butresearchersdisagree.“Ididastudyseveralyearsago,askingprocrastinatorstofinishataskinacertainperiodoftime,”saysStone.“Theydidworsethannon-procrastinators:theymademoremistakesandtheytooklonger.Buttheythoughttheydidbetter.”Nomatterwhatthecauseis,procrastinationisusuallynotgoingtobegoodforyou.Forexample,bedtimeprocrastinationcanleadtosleeplessness,whichinturncancausemanyotherhealthproblems.Forthosewhoneedsomedrivestostopprocrastinating,thebestadvicemightbetotakeactionfirst.Ifyou’vebeenprocrastinatingonformingahabitofexercise,justputonyourwalkingshoes.Alittlebitofprogresswillgetyoumoving.Next,findsomethingtohelpyouremembertotakeaction.Ifyouwanttogotobedat10:30pm,youmightsetatimeddimmerswitch(渐暗开关)at10pm.Whenthelightsaredimmer,you’llstartgoingtobed.Itworksformostpeople.Finally,rewardyourselfeverytimeyoumakeprogress.Forexample,afteryou’verun3km,enjoyyourfavouriteice-cream.Butbecareful:itwon’tworktheotherwayaround.23．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．Adayofaprocrastinator B．Procrastination:yesorno?C．Saygoodbyetoprocrastination D．Wanttofeelgoodnow?Procrastinate!24．Whatisthemainreasonforpeople’sprocrastination?A．Theywanttoavoiddoinghardwork. B．Theyfeartoloseandletothersdown.C．Theyneedtofinishthetoptasksfirst. D．Theyplantodotheenjoyabletaskslast.25．Theunderlinedword“thrive”inparagraph3mostprobablymeans________.A．thinkfaster B．workmoresuccessfully C．giveupmoreeasily D．worrytoomuch26．WhatshouldDaviddoifhewantstostopprocrastinatingonawritingtask?A．Putonsomesoftmusictohelpthinkactively.B．Enjoyafavouriteice-cream,andthenstartwriting.C．SearchtheInternetforenoughideasbeforestarting.D．Pickupapenandwritedownpossiblestartingsentences.【答案】23．C24．B25．B26．D【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述的是拖延的问题，讲述停止拖延的一些举措。23．标题概括题。根据“Forthosewhoneedsomedrivestostopprocrastinating,thebestadvicemightbetotakeactionfirst”可知文章主要讲述的是拖延的问题，讲述停止拖延的一些举措。C选项“对拖延说不”符合。故选C。24．细节理解题。根据第二段“Onebigcauseforprocrastinationisthatpeopleareafraidoffailure,ofnotmeetingothers’expectations”拖延的最主要的原因是人们害怕失败，不能满足别人的期望。故选B。25．词义理解题。根据第三段“Butresearchersdisagree”和“Theydidworsethannon-procrastinators:theymademoremistakesandtheytooklonger.Buttheythoughttheydidbetter”他们做得比不拖延的人更差，他们有更多的错误，花的时间更长，但是他们以为他们做得更好。研究人员不赞成他们这样的想法。可知“procrastinationwillmakethemthrive”表示“拖延会让他们成功”。B选项“workmoresuccessfully”符合。故选B。26．推理判断题。根据“Forthosewhoneedsomedrivestostopprocrastinating,thebestadvicemightbetotakeactionfirst.”对于那些想停止拖延症的人，最好的建议是立刻采取行动。可知大卫如果想停止写作任务的拖延，应该立刻拿起笔开始写句子。故选D。（2020·广东广州·中考真题）FiveinterestingsportsOurmostunusualsportsfromaroundtheworldEverycountryhasanationalsportandsomepopularsportsarenowplayedacrosstheworld,However,inmostcountries,peoplealsoplayunusualsports,withstrangeorinterestingrules.Hereareourtopfiveunusualsportsfromaroundtheplanet.Manvs.HorseMarathonThisracetakesplaceinasmalltowninWales,about200milesfromLondon.It’scalledamarathon(马拉松),butit'sactually35.4km,not42.2kmlikeausualmarathon.Peopleraceagainsthorsesacrossthehillsandmountains.Itstartedin1981,butahumandidnotwinuntil2004.CamelWrestlingInTurkey,camel（骆驼）wrestlingisaveryoldsport.Thelargestcamelwrestlingcompetitiontakesplaceeveryyearandthousandsofpeoplecome.Inthesport,twocamelsfightagainsteachother.Sometimesthecamelsdonotwanttofightandtheyrunthroughthecrowds,whichcanbedangerous.DragonBoatRacingEveryyearinChina,thousandsofpeoplewatchdragonboatraces.AdragonboatisatraditionalChineseboatwithapainteddragon'sheadononeend.Therecanbeupto36peopleormoreracingineachboatinthewater.DragonboatracingisalsopopularinsomeotherAsiancountries.CaberTossInthissport,playerscompetetothrowalargepieceofwoodcalledacaberasfarastheycan.Thereisnoruleaboutthesizeofthecaber,butit’susuallythesizeofasmalltree.It’sanancientScottishsport.VisitorstotheUKcancheckitout.ChessBoxingAgoodchessboxerneedstobebothstrongandsmart.Playersplayaroundofchess,followedbyaroundofboxing.Thereareelevenroundsintotal.Chessboxingwasinventedin1992byanEnglishcomicbookwriter.ThesportismorepopularinEnglandandGermany.27．WhatcanwelearnaboutManvs.HorseMarathon?A．itisanoutdoorsport. B．Itfirstappeared16yearsago.C．Nohumanhaseverwonthegame. D．Itfollowstherulesofausualmarathon.28．WhichofthefollowingismentionedaboutCamelWrestling?A．Itshouldbestopped. B．It’sworthseeing.C．Itsunfairtotheanimals. D．It’ssometimesdangeroustowatch.29．WhichpicturebestdescribesCaberToss?A．B．C． D．30．WhichsportispopularinAsia?A．Manvs.HorseMarathon. B．DragonBoatRacing.C．CaberToss. D．ChessBoxing.31．Howmanysportshaveanimalsasplayers?A．1 B．2. C．3. D．4.【答案】27．A28．D29．C30．B31．B【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了来自世界各地的五项有趣的运动：人和马的马拉松比赛、骆驼摔跤、赛龙舟、抛竿赛、国际象棋拳击。27．细节理解题。根据Manvs.HorseMarathon中的信息Peopleraceagainsthorsesacrossthehillsandmountains.人们和马比赛穿越山丘和山脉。可知人和马的马拉松比赛是一项户外运动，故答案选A。28．细节理解题。根据CamelWrestling中的信息Sometimesthecamelsdonotwanttofightandtheyrunthroughthecrowds,whichcanbedangerous.有时骆驼不想打架，它们会在人群中奔跑，这是很危险的。可知有时观看骆驼摔跤是很危险的，故答案选D。29．细节理解题。根据CaberToss中的信息Inthissport,playerscompetetothrowalargepieceofwoodcalledacaberasfarastheycan.Thereisnoruleaboutthesizeofthecaber,butit’susuallythesizeofasmalltree.在这项运动中，选手们要比赛把一大块叫做“木棒”的木头扔到尽可能远的地方。没有关于木柱大小的规定，但通常是一棵小树的大小。结合选项，可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。30．推理判断题。根据DragonBoatRacing中的信息EveryyearinChina,thousandsofpeoplewatchdragonboatraces.在中国，每年都有成千上万的人观看龙舟比赛。中国是亚洲的一个国家，可知赛龙舟在亚洲流行，故答案选B。31．理解归纳题。根据Manvs.HorseMarathon中的信息Peopleraceagainsthorsesacrossthehillsandmountains.人们和马比赛穿越山丘和山脉。以及CamelWrestling中的信息Inthesport,twocamelsfightagainsteachother.在这项运动中，两只骆驼互相搏斗。可知有两项运动中有动物作为运动员，故答案选B。（2020·广东广州·中考真题）Whatwillastronauts（宇航员）eatwhenaspacetriptakesyears?“Lotsoffreshvegetables,”saysDr.JanetWilliams,whoseteamhavespentthelast10yearslearninghowtogrowplantsinaspacestation.Andit’sagoodthingthatshehasalreadystartedherwork,becausespacegardeningcanbereallyhard.Asusual,astronautGeorgeWhitelookedintotheclosedplantroom.HehadplantedDr.Williams’squick-growingseedlingsinit,butnoneofthestemswereshowing.Heopenedtheroomtocheckandfoundtheproblem.Thestemsweren’tgrowingupwardandtherootsweren'tgrowingdownward.OnEarth,gravity（重力）helpsaplant’sstemsandrootstofind“up”and“down”.However,inthespacestation,therewasalmostnogravity.Dr.Williamssuggestedasolution:givetheplantsmorelight,asplantsalsouses