Unit2BridgingCultures词汇课件英语人教版(2019)选择性课

Unit2BRIDGINGCULTURES—WordsandExpressionsIhavestudiedforbusinessqualificationsatPekingUniversityforoneyear.Irecallthatfacedwithcomplexsurroundingsanddramaticchanges,Isufferedfromtremendouspressureandoverwhelminghomesickness,which

mademedepressedinthebeginning.Butbeinganambitious,optimisticandmaturestudent,Imanagedtomotivatemyselftostepoutofmycomfortzone.Igraspedeverychancetospeakupandofferlogicalpresentationsinclass,enablingmyselftobecomecompetent.IengagedintheLiteratureClubtostrengthenmyliteraryoutlookonlife.IgotinvolvedintheBasketballAssociationsothatIcouldlearntocooperatewithothers.Iparticipatedinsomeothermeaningfulactivitiesandbenefitedmuchfromtheparticipation.Thereisnodenyingthatallofthemcouldmakemeseethingsfromdifferentanglesandhavemorereasonableinsightsintodailyaffairs.AsfarasI’mconcerned,

exposedtothesurroundingsettings，Igraduallyfeltathome.Justastheoldsayinggoes,“Nopains，nogains.”NowIcanbehaveperfectlyatuniversity.Furthermore，becauseIwasonatightbudget，Itookupapositionas

atutortocovermydailyexpensesandtuitionfees，whichcostanarmandaleg.Nowmyambitionistobecomeanadvisorforexchangestudentstobroadenmyglobalperspectiveandimprovemycompetence.Amongsomanyapplicants,IbelievethatIamqualifiedforthejobbecauseIhavefirmdetermination.Whatevertheoutcomeis，I’llsincerelysidewiththeschool’sdecision.Insummary，nowIamconfidentinmyexpectationofsettingupmyownfirminthefuture.词根recalladaptationpresentationmessengereditionqualify同义词?complicatedremindeducatorjoinin/takepartinincludequotefeelateaserecall n.记起adaptation n.适应presentation n.陈述messenger n.信使edition n.一期qualificationn.资格

call (v.呼唤）adapt (v.适应)present (v.呈现)message (n.信)edit (v.编辑)qualify(v.使合格)同义词complicatedremindeducatorjoinin/takepartinincludequotefeelateasecomplex adj.复杂的recall v.使想起tutor n.导师participatein

参加involve v.包含cite v.引用feelathome

舒服自在complexrecallYou’llnevergetagoodjobifyoudon’thaveany

qualifications.Theguidesarequalifiedtoleadgroupsintothemountains.Thereisnodoubtthathehasqualificationstodothework.bequalifiedfor/todo有资格做……have(no)qualificationsfor/todo(doing)sth.

（没）有（做）某事的资格Ihavequalificationstobeavolunteerintheevent.2.我有资格成为这项活动的一名志愿者。Havingstudiedcomputerlessonsisanimportantqualificationforthejob.3.学习过计算机课程是获得这份工作的一个重要条件。ThereasonswhyI’m

qualifiedforthepositionareasfollows.4.我能胜任这个职位的原因如下。InfrontoftheChineseside,theUnitedStatesdoesn’t

havethequalificationsto

saythatitwantstospeaktoChinafromapositionofstrength.1.你们(美国)没有资格在中国的面前说,你们是从实力的地位出发同中国谈话。话题写作之申请信Asparrowcannotunderstandtheambitionofaswan.燕雀安知鸿鹄之志。ambition源自拉丁语ambitio（四处奔走），词根amb表示“走”，救护车ambulance原义就是四处走的医院。原指古代政客四处奔走发表演说拉选票的行为。政客拉选票是为了实现自己的政治抱负，所以ambition引申出“野心、政治抱负”，原本含有贬义，但现在已经变成中性词，既可以指“野心”，也可以指“雄心、志向”。Wehavehadtoadaptquicklytothenewsystem.Ittookhimawhiletoadapthimselftohisnewsurroundings.Threeofhernovelshavebeenadaptedfortelevision.GoneWiththeWindisanAmericanromancefilmadaptedfromthenovelofthesamename.adapt(oneself)to(doing)sth.适应(做)某事=adjustbeadaptedfor

被改编成beadaptedfrom被改编自Theyhadenoughmoneytoliveincomfortintheiroldage.Ahotcupofmilkonacoldnightisarealcomfort.Forsomepeople,ananimalprovidesmorecomfortthanahusbandorwife.Myteachercomfortedme,saying“Don’tworry.Youcandobetternexttime.comfortzone舒适区

incomfort舒适地beacomforttosb对某人来说是个安慰身体、生活上的舒适心理上的舒适名词动词化抽象名词具体化1.就我个人而言，在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真是一种安慰。2.看到我对这一幕感到不舒服，父亲站了起来，走近我，把我抱在怀里，用鼓舞人心的话语温柔地安慰我。AsfarasIamconcerned，drinkingacupofhotmilkonacoldnightis

arealcomfort.SeeingIwasuncomfortablewiththescene,myfatherrosetohisfeet，approachedmeandgatheredmeintohisarms,gentlycomfortingmewithinspiringwords.读后续写之场景描写tutorcite1.

Jackdidn’tparticipateinthegameasaresultofhisillness.2.Everyoneintheclassisexpectedtoparticipateinthesediscussions.3.Thankyouforyourparticipation.WecallforallstudentstoparticipateinCleanPlateCampaign.1.我们呼吁所有学生参与“光盘行动”。Allparticipantswillgatherattheschoolgateat8o'clocktomorrowmorning.2.所有参加者明天早上8点在校门口集合。(写作—)话题写作之通知话题写作之倡议书participate(in)参与/参加活动、讨论等，指以一个积极的角色参加。通常可以和takepart(in)/joinin互换，但participate(in)更正式join指加入某党派、组织、社会团体或军队成为其中的一员；表示参与某种活动(宾语是活动)加入某人/与某人一道(宾语是人)joinsb.forsth./indoingsth.joinin通常指参加某种小型活动，尤指和其他人一起参加某项活动。常用于joinin(doing)sth.takepart(in)尤指参加群众性的、有组织的活动、会议、劳动、游行等，参加者往往持有积极的态度，在活动中起一定的作用attend侧重参加或出席会议、婚礼、葬礼、学术活动等，也可以指上学、去教堂等Overhalfthestudentsofthisclass

thesportsmeet.You'remostwelcometo

usifyoufeelsodisposed.Shelistensbutshenever

.Theofficerrefusedtolethismen

theoperation.Unfortunately,Iwon'tbeableto

themeeting.participatein/joinin/takepartinjoinjoinsin/takespartin/participatesintakepartinattendpresentbirthday/Christmas/weddingpresentsI’vedecidedtoliveinthepresentandnotspendmyliferegrettingthepastordreadingthefuture.thepresentdifficulties/problems/situationIt'snecessarythatyoushouldbepresentatthemeeting.Therewere200peoplepresentatthemeeting.TheGrammyAwardsarepresentedeveryyearinthemusicindustryintheUnitedStates.WepresentedthreeoptionstotheStudents’Unionfordiscussion.Classicworks,writtenbymasters,presentgreatthoughtsthroughfascinatingstoriesandlanguage.TheEXITsignscouldnotbeseenclearly,whichpresentedpotentialsafetyissues.ThetheatercompanypresentsanewproductionofKingLear.makeashort

presentationthepresentationofanewplaythe

presentationceremony做一个简短的介绍新戏的上演颁奖仪式

颁发；授予；赠送提出；呈递呈现授予；颁发presentvpresentationn招致；带来上演；推出呈上（基本义）present1把奖品、礼物等“呈上”把报告、论文等“呈上”把形象、信息等“呈上”把问题、挑战、困难等“呈上”把节目“呈上”介绍；报告；展示IfeelgreatlyhonouredtogiveapresentationabouttheMid-AutumnFestival，oneofthemostimportantChinesetraditionalfestivals.我很荣幸能给大家介绍中秋节，这是中国最重要的传统节日之一。话题写作之传统文化Itisamoviethatengagesboththemindandtheeye．

Hisfatherengagedatutortomotivatehimtoimprovehismaths.WhatshockeduswasthathewasengagedtoMary，althoughtheyalwaysquarreledwitheachother．Only10%ofAmericanadultsengageinregularexercise.engagesbtodosth 聘请某人做某事beengagedin 参加；忙于engagein（使）从事；参与beengagedto 与……订婚使某人“加入”活动使注意力“加入”使某人“加入”工作（使）参加；（使）参与吸引（住）雇用；聘请（使）加入基本义engage1.尽管你忙于你的学习，你也应该抽出一些时间来参加户外运动。2.上周举办了一场旨在增强我们的传统文化意识的活动，这引起了很多关注。Anactivityaimedatstrengtheningoursenseoftraditionalculturewasheldlastweek,whichengagedalotofattention.Although(youare)engagedinyourstudy,youshouldsetasidesometimetoengage(yourself)inoutdooractivities话题写作之建议信话题写作之活动报道本杰明·富兰克林(BenjaminFranklin,1706—1790)，美国政治家,美国独立战争时期的重要领导人之一。同时他也是一位物理学家，发明了避雷针，最早提出电荷守恒定律。32这是一句教育名言，有人说它出自本杰明•富兰克林，更多的人认为它是一句荀子经典语录的英文版。你能把这个句子翻译成中文吗？荀子involve不闻不如闻之，闻之不如见之，见之不如知之，知之不如行之；学至于行之而止矣。行之，明也。——《荀子·儒效》Aswellasstudyinghard，I'vebeeninvolvedinsocialactivities.Ourschoolencouragesstudentstoinvolvethemselvesinthereadingactivity，whichcanbroadentheirhorizons.Thetestwillinvolveansweringquestionsaboutaphotograph.Ifyourgoalinvolvesotherpeople,putyourselfintheirpositions.AsfarasIknow，theinvolvementoftheforeignministerswasitselfasignofprogress.involve(doing)sth包含；需要(做)某事involveoneselfinsth参加……be/getinvolvedin参与；卷入；与……有关联；专注于1.上周末，我参加了一个志愿活动，内容是在一家托儿所照顾老人。Lastweekend，Iparticipatedinavoluntaryactivitywhichinvolvedcaringforoldpeopleinanurseryhome.2.得知你们欢迎来自不同国家的学生，我想参加这次夏令营。Learningthatyouwelcomestudentsfromdifferentcountries，I’dliketoinvolvemyselfin/beinvolvedinthesummercamp.话题写作之活动报道话题写作之申请信含有up的短语动词speakup大声说upgrowup成熟；长成cheerup（使）振作起来breakup破碎；破裂burnup烧毁；烧尽turnup开大；调高setup建立；创立cutup切碎；割碎putup举起；抬高1.up表示“向上/向高处移动”：___________________________2.up表示示“完全/彻底”：________________________3.up表示“成碎片或分成几部分”：_______________________3.up表示“（数量、程度等）增加/上升：_____________________growup,setup,putupeatup,burnupbreakup,cutupeatup吃完；耗尽speakup,turnup,cheerupItwasthefirsttimethatshehadleftChina.“It/This/That＋was＋thefirst/second/...time(that)＋过去完成时”“It/This/That＋is＋thefirst/second/...time(that)＋现在完成时”某人第一/第二/……次……”Itis/was(about/high)timethat...shoulddosth/didsth=Itis/was(about/high)timeforsbtodosth到了……做某事的时间了“Therewasatimewhen...＋过去完成时”曾经有一段时间……(1)这是他第一次离家，这可能解释了他深深的思乡之情。Itisthefirsttimethathehaslefthome，whichmayaccountforhisdeephomesickness.(2)这是双胞胎第一次为母亲准备早餐，因此他们既激动又紧张。Thiswasthefirsttimethatthetwinshadprepared,

abreakfastfortheirmother,sotheywereexcitedandnervous.(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)

(3)到了政府应该采取有效措施保护野生动物免于灭绝的时候了。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________———————————————————————————————(4)我还记得有一段时间，我对与大自然有关的一切都很着迷。Istillremember_______________________________________________________.Itishightimeforthegovernmenttotakeeffectivemeasurestoprotectwildlifefromextinction.Itishightimethatthegovernmentshouldtake/tookeffectivemeasurestoprotectwildlifefromextinction.therewasatimewhenIwascrazyabouteverythingwithnature随堂检测qualification一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Thismanwasnot_______________(qualify)todriveandwasspeeding.2.Hewasapoorperformeratschoolandleftwithno______________(qualify).3.Noneofthecandidatesmetthebasicqualifications__________theposition.4.ShewantedtoimproveherEnglishsoshecouldqualify______atranslator.5.Attheageof16,hequalified_____aplaceattheuniversityofNorthCarolina.二、根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。1.Inthisjob,experiencecountsformorethan___________________（文凭）.2.Toomanystudentsleaveschoolwithoutany_______________________________________（学历）.foreducational/academicqualificationsqualifiedpaperqualificationsqualificationsforasambition&ambitious根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。1.我的志向是当律师。(ambition)__________________________________________________________2.如果你努力，你的抱负是可以实现的。(achieveone’sambition)__________________________________________________________3.攀登珠穆朗玛峰是我的夙愿。(ambitiontodosth)Ithasalwaysbeen_________________________MountQomolangma.4.她终于达到目的，成为了一名电影导演。(ambition)__________________________________________________________5.有抱负的学生才能取得最好的成绩。(ambitious)__________________________________________________________Myambitionistobealawyer.Youwillachieveyourambitionifyouworkhard.myambitiontoclimbSheatlastachievedherambitiontobe/ofbeingafilmdirector.Onlyambitiousstudentscangetthebestmarks.一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Theyhadenoughmoneytoliveincomfortintheiroldage.

___________

2.Wheneverhewasupset,hewouldturntoherforcomfortandadvice.

___________3.Thehotelhasallmoderncomforts.___________4.Withinhoursofthenews,Helenarrivedtocomfortherheartbrokenfriend.___________二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Thechildrenhavebeen__________greatcomforttomethroughallofthis.2.Thenewshoesarenotvery____________(comfort).舒舒服服地

安慰

舒适设施

安慰

comfortcomfortableaparticipate在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Weencouragestudentstoparticipatefully__________therunningofthecollege. 2.Detailsofthecompetitionareavailableatall____________(participate)stores. 3.Itwouldbeencouragingtosee_____________(participate)byallagegroups.4.She’saregular_____________(participate)intheshow.participating

participationinparticipant写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.I’lltellherassoonastheopportunitypresentsitself.________2.Youwillbeaskedtopresentyourselfforinterview.

________

3.IwaspresentedtotheQueenin1964.________4.TheMainStreetTheaterCompanyispresentingShakespeare’sOthellonextmonth.________5.Coffeeshouldonlybeacceptedifitisalwayssetoutorpresented.（2014浙江

）________6.PleaseprintoutallticketspurchasedandpresentatthefrontentranceofSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium.（2014北京）

________出现展示自己引见上演提供出示present&presentation7.I’mgoingtoaskeachofyoutomakeashortpresentation.

________8.Thepresentationofprizesbeganafterthespeeches.________

9.Thesalesmanagerwillgiveapresentationofthenewproducts.

________10.Clubmemberswillbeadmittedonpresentationoftheir

membershipcards.________作一个简短的介绍颁奖举行新产品推介会出示engage一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Theyneverlearnedskillstoengagetheattentionoftheothers. __________2.ThecompanyhasengagedtwomaledancersfromtheBolshoi（莫斯科大剧院）. __________3.Thosewhoengagedinnophysicalactivitywere26percentmorelikelytohavesymptomsofdepression3yearslaterthanthosewhoexerciseregularly.（2014上海） __________吸引参加/参与雇用二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Astudyshowsthestudentswhoare__________(engage)

inafter-schoolactivitiesarehappierthanthosewhoarenot.（2019天津）

2.Theytriedtoengagehim__________conversation. 3.Theproblemisthatifweinvestlittletimeinaperson,our__________(engage)withthatpersonwilldecline（减弱）untileventuallyitdiesinto“someoneIonceknew”.4.Sheisengaged__________

anactor.5.Heshowedmejusthowmuchonecangainfromawillingnesstoengage__________localsfromallwalksoflife.（2024浙江改）

toengagement

inengagedwith一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitieswheretheycangainexperienceforgrowth.（2014

福建）

___________2.Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhichinvolvesspendingquitealotoftimewithstudents.（2013

福建）

___________3.“Genius”isacomplicatedconcept,involvingmanydifferentfactors.（2012

上海） ___________4.Manystoriesinvolvesomekindofconflictordanger. ___________参加

需要

涉及

与……有关

involve二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Parentsshould___________________（参与）theirchild’seducation.2.Morethan100people_______________（参与）theproject.3.Iwasso__________________（全神贯注看书）thatIdidn’thearyouknock.4.Doctorshaveworkedoutachartshowinghowmuchstress____________（与……有关）variousevents.（2016

上海）involvethemselvesinwereinvolvedininvolvedinmybookisinvolvedinmessengereditioncultureshockzone地区：region,districtoverwhelming

Anoverwhelmingsenseoffrustrationgrippedme.Shewasoverwhelmedby/withsorrow.adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的beoverwhelmedby/with

充满...1.Harry心中充满思乡之情。

2.看到发生的一切，妈妈充满了焦虑和恐惧，她放下手机，立刻向我走来。Harrywasoverwhelmed

by/with

afeelingof

homesickness.Uponseeingwhathadhappened,overwhelmedwithanxietyandfear,momlaiddownherphoneandapproachedtowardsmeinaflash.3.他高兴极了，跳起来，兴奋地绕着树跑。Overwhelmedwithgaiety,hejumpedupandranexcitedlyaroundthetree.homesicknesscarsick

airsick

seasick

lovesick晕车的晕机的晕船的相思病的phrasesabout“home”home-cookedmealhomebirdhomepagehomeleavehome-madehomecominghomeschool

hometruth

toodelightedtobehomesickEast,west,homeisthebest.Thelightsareon,butnobody’shome.家常菜宅人网站主页探亲假自制的返校日孩子不去学校，在家教老生常谈金窝银窝，不如自己的狗窝。心不在焉

乐不思蜀

Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolvedinvoluntarywork.AftereveryrunIfeelfitter,happierandmoremotivatedtokeepprogressing.Escapecanbeastrongmotivationfortravel.Thesemethodscanhelpimprove/increasestudents’motivationandinterest.词源解读：mot(tomove移动)+-ive(名词后缀)+-ate(动词后缀：使)→使移动、有动机→激励[U]动力；积极性[C]动机；诱因

motivatesbtodo激励某人做某事improve/increaseone’smotivation增强学习动力(1)我被他们的毅力和决心所鼓舞，这激励着我更有信心地追求自己的目标。Iwasinspiredbytheirperseveranceanddetermination,whichmotivatedmetopursuemyowngoalswithmoreconfidence.(2)因此，不用说，正是这句座右铭给了我动力和鼓励。Therefore,itgoeswithoutsayingthat

itisthismottothatbringsmemotivationandencouragement.词根前缀/后缀单词派生词

mot

pro-(向前

forward)promotev促进；晋升promotionn促进；晋升re-(向后、往回back)remoteadj遥远的-ivemotiven动机motivatev激励motivatedadj

积极的；主动的motivationn

积极性；动机-ormotorn发动机；-ionmotionn运动；动e-(外

out);-ionemotionn感情；情绪emotional

adj

情绪(上)的；mot词根从上表中可以看出，词根mot意为“动/移动(move)”，由该词根构成的词大多含有此义。=consultantadvisor(also-ser)reasonable1.Theboygotgoodgradesand

liveduptohisparents'expectations.

2.Oursuccesswasfarbeyondourexpectations.3.(2022新高考卷续写)As

expected,Davidfinishedhisrunasusuallongafterothers,butheearnedrespectwitheverystudent.4.Themeetingisexpectedtolastthreedays.5.Ididn’texpecthimtobecomeasuccessfulwriter.liveupto/meetone'sexpectations达到/不辜负某人的期望beyond/outofone'sexpectation(s)出乎意料Asexpected正如所料；不出所料beexpectedtodosth.被期望做某事；预计(1)

尽管在比赛中意外摔倒，他还是一跃而起，冲向终点线。(2)本周六美术馆将举办一场中国剪纸展,预计将从早上8点开始，持续约4个小时。Inspiteofanunexpectedfallduringtherace,hejumpedtohisfeetanddashedtowardsthefinishline.TherewillbeaChinesepaper-cuttingshowthisSaturdayintheartgallery，whichisexpectedtolastaboutfourhours

from8：00am.(读后续写之动作描写)(应用文写作之通知)anapplicationform申请表apply(tosb.)forsth.(向某人)申请某物apply...to...把...应用于...applyoneselftodoingsth专心于做某事1.Theyhaveappliedthenewtechnologytofarming.2.Sheappliedherselftolearningthepiano.applicantn.申请人

Iholdthefirmbeliefthatifyoucontinuetostudyhard,youwillmakegreatprogressinEnglishsoonerorlater.holdthefirm

beliefthat...=firmly

holdthebeliefthat...坚信...firmn.公司；商行；事务所

adj.结实的；牢固的；坚定的=company=solid/concreteManypeopleholdthefirmbeliefthatthecureforcancerwillbefoundoneday.翻译：我坚信，只要你继续努力学习，你迟早会在英语方面取得显著进步。暴露在阳光下揭露内幕使面临/遭受使接触expose1.

ExposingyourselftoEnglishasmuchaspossibleistheinstrumentoflearningitwell.2.Beingexposedtothesunlightfortoomuchtimewillmakeyougetsunburnt.3.Exposedtolight,thebirdsbecomemoreactive.①exposeoneselfto...使自己面临……;使自己暴露于……②beexposedto暴露于;(使)接触到用expose相关形式填空expose语义网络图使被隐藏或遮盖的事物“显露”使某人或某事物坏的方面“显露”使某人或某物“暴露”于险境等使某人“暴露”于新的机会或体验使暴露；使显露揭露；揭发使面临；使处于……的作用/影响之下使接触；使体验expose使显露；使暴露基本义暴露；显露揭露；揭发接触；体验exposeexposure(1)因为从小接触中国画，所以我可以让游客更多地了解中国画。HavingbeenexposedtoChinesepaintingssincemychildhood,Icangetvisitorsknowmoreaboutthem.(2)绿草如茵的草原上还有一条细细的河，袒露在阳光下，远远看去，像一条发光的银项链。

(3)我接触到不同类型的书:侦探小说，爱情故事，诗歌，寓言等等。The

grassy

grassland

also

has

a

thin

river,

exposed

to

the

sun,

far

away,

like

a

shiny

silver

necklace.

Iwasexposedtodifferenttypesofbooks:detectivestories,lovestories,poems,fablesandsoon.Exposureto

anothercultureanditspeoplecangiveexchangestudentsgreatinsightsintotheworld.insightinto对的深刻见解awriterofgreatinsight

departure

departfrom离开departmentn.部门Romeistheperfectsettingforromance.shortstorieswithacontemporarysettingThesettingsuncastanorangeglowoverthemountains.

setting翻译：橘红色的夕阳辉映着群山。1.Hegraspedmyhandandshookitwarmly.

2.Weshouldgrasptheopportunitiesofthenation’snewroundofopening-up.3.Theideaofaparalleluniverseishardtograsp.4.HehasagoodgraspofGermangrammar.5.Heheldmyhandinafriendlygrasp.

graspachance/anopportunity抓住机会

haveagoodgrasp/commandofsth.很好地掌握grasp抓住（基本义）紧紧“抓住”人/物

“抓住”抽象事物抓住；紧握grasp语义网络图vn紧抓；紧握；控制理解；领会理解；领会2.Theannouncementhadadramaticeffectonhouseprices.adramaticincrease/fall/change/improvementdramaticadj.巨大的；突然的；急剧的；喜剧（般）的dramaticallyadv.戏剧性地；引人注目地；显著地；剧烈地draman.戏剧3.Priceshavefallendramatically.Ihadtolearnhowtousepublictransportandhowtoaskfor

thingsIdidn’tknowtheEnglishnamesfor.“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等成分。在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。why或whynot后加不定式时，省略不定式符号to。whether后可接不定式，而if后不可以。(1)由于他们流露出极强的兴趣，我开始教他们如何泡中国茶。Withtheirinterestgreatlysparked，IbegantoteachthemhowtomakeChinesetea.(2)如果你能给我们一些如何改进机器人的建议，我会感激不尽的。Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgiveussomeadviceonhowtoimproveourrobots.

(应用文写作之征求建议)(3)David闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，皱着眉头，考虑着他是否应该参加越野赛。Davidsqueezedhiseyes，bithislipsandfrowned，thinkingabout

whethertoparticipateinthecross-countryrunornot.(4)为何不参加讨论小组，以便你能找到志同道合的朋友呢？Whynotjoindiscussiongroupssothatyoucanfindfriendswithsimilarinterests?(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)(应用文写作之建议信)Somemaystruggleandsufferfromcultureshockwhenlearninghowtobehaveinnewsurroundings.状语从句的省略有两种形式：当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，

可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。②

当从句中含有“it＋be动词”时，可将it和be动词省略。①作为交换生在国外学习期间，我经历了巨大的文化冲击。Whilestudyingabroadasanexchangestudent,Iexperiencedoverwhelmingcultureshock.②如果可能的话，我们要把我们一直渴望的旅行推迟到下星期六吗？如果不方便，请告诉我什么时间最适合你。If(it’s)possibleshallweputoffourtripwehavebeenlongingforuntilnextSaturday?If(it’s)notconvenient，letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.③如果(我)被录用，我将致力于为我们公司的发展做出贡献。If(Iam)accepted，Iwilldevotemyselftomakingcontributionstothedevelopmentofourfirm.随堂检测抽象名词比起中文来，英文不但富于抽象名词，也喜欢用抽象名词。——余光中行为抽象名词由动词派生而来的抽象名词叫作行为抽象名词。

写出下列单词的名词形式。vnparticipatemotivateexpectexposedepartadaptqualifyparticipationmotivationexpectationexposuredepartureadaptationqualification根据所给汉语及提示，用下列抽象名词的词块完成下列句子。1.Evenabrief__________________________（暴露于）radiationisverydangerous.

2.Theyhadreceivednonewsofhimsincehis__________________________（离开家乡）.3.Shewasresponsiblefor__________________________（改编这本小说）

intoastageplay.

4.Wearelookingforwardtoyouractive__________________________（参与）voluntarywork.

5.Avictoryinthisgamewill__________________________（使他们获得资格）fortheWorldCup.(earn)

exposuretodeparturefromhishometown

earnthemqualification

theadaptationofthenovel

participationinparticipation,motivation,expectation,exposure,departure,adaptation,qualification英语中的metaphor（隐喻）来源于希腊语metaphora，该词由meta-(over)和pherein(tocarry)合成，合起来意思是

tocarryover（拿过来）。隐喻的本质是用一种事物来理解另一种事物，并且多是参照熟悉的、有形的、具体的事物来认识和表达无形的、抽象的事物。隐喻是一种思维方式，无处不在，它是多义词产生词义的主要理据。建立隐喻思维能更好地理解和掌握由基本义到衍生义这一思维。隐喻metaphor选择性必修B2U1——B2U2典型词单词基本义比喻义castashadow(选必B2U1)投射影子蒙上一层阴影belt(选必B2U2)腰带地带/地区depress(选必B2U2)按下

使抑郁/沮丧angle(选必B2U2)角角度/观点grasp(选必B2U2)抓住理解/领悟expose(选必B2U2)露出揭露recall(选必B2U2)召回召回（残损货品等）；回忆起在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.AftereveryrunIfeelfitter,happierandmore__________(motivate)tokeepprogressing.

2.Heisintelligentenoughbuthelacks__________(motivate).3.Hermotivation__________writingwasadesireforwomentogettherighttohighereducation.（2014湖北改）

4.Theplanisdesignedtomotivateemployees__________(work)moreefficiently.motivatemotivatedmotivationfortowork一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.I’vemadealivinglookingforthebestdealsandexposingtheworsttricks.（2013

全国）

___________2.Childrenexposedtomultiplelanguagesmaybebetternaturalcommunicators.

___________3.InsomeMiddleEasterncountries,exposingyourfleshisforbidden,especiallyifyouareawoman.（2014

重庆）

___________4.ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.（2021

浙江） ___________揭露

使接触

/使体验

使暴露/使显露

expose&exposure

接触一、根据句意，写出画线部分的汉语意思。1.Noonegraspedtheconcepts,exceptforJoe.（2013重庆）_________2.Shegraspedtheropeandpulledherselfup._________二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Shehas__________________（对……很好的理解）thesubject.2.Wemust_______________________（抓住每次机会）ifwearegoingtosucceed.grasp理解；领会抓住agood