2025版高考英语一轮复习必修5Unit1Greatscientists学案含解析新人教版

PAGEUnit1Greatscientists————[单元主题语境]———人与社会之对社会有突出贡献的人物(2024·高考天津卷)话题：生态系统词数：402难度：★★★★Howdoesanecosystem(生态系统)work？Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare？Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves？Tofindananswer，scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs，notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.Withsuchmodels，scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs，forinstance，consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator(掠食动物)alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey(猎物)，thetwospeciesarestronglylinked；whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies，theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies，itcansurvivetheextinction(灭亡)ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare，theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable，wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s，scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies—includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop­downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean，wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale，whileonland，wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.Scientistshavebuiltanearly­warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally，thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey，scientistssay，becauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint(临界点)，itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了科学家通过建立一个数学模型找到了管理食物网的几个主要原则。46．Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs?A．Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.B．Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.C．Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.D．Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段第一句“Withsuchmodels，scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.”中的principles与选项B中的rules相对应，故选B。答案：B47．Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator.A．hasawidefoodchoice B．caneasilyfindnewpreyC．stickstoonepreyspecies D．canquicklymovetoanotherplace解析：细微环节理解题。留意本题中涉及的是astronglink。依据其次段第三句“Whenapredatoralwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey，thetwospeciesarestronglylinked...”可知，当掠食动物总是吃掉大量的单一猎物时，这两种动物是紧密联系在一起的，故选C。答案：C48．Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline?A．Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.B．Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.C．Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.D．Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.解析：推理推断题。依据第三段中的smallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems以及其后举的例子可知，位于食物网顶端的掠食动物对其他物种的数量有着惊人的限制，即使是无干脆联系的物种，故答案为D“其他物种的数量会发生意想不到的改变”。答案：D49．Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinparagraph4?A．Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.B．Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.C．Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies.D．Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.解析：推理推断题。依据第四段的第一句“Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop­downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.(未经安排的人类活动证明白顶端掠食动物自上而下限制的观点是正确的)”是这一段的主题句，下面的例子是为了证明它的，依据本段最终一句“这些行为已经大大影响了生态平衡”可知，人为的不受限制的行为会扰乱生态平衡，故答案为A。答案：A50．Howdoesanearly­warningsystemhelpusmaintaintheecologicalbalance?A．Bygettingillegalpracticesundercontrol.B．Bystoppingusfromkillinglargepredators.C．Bybringingthebroken­downecosystemsbacktonormal.D．Bysignalingtheurgentneedfortakingpreventiveaction.解析：推理推断题。由题干中的anearly­warningsystem定位到文章的最终一段。依据最终一段中的preventioniskey可知，预防系统提前发出信号以让人们实行措施防止生态系统被破坏。答案：D一、语言实力熟词生义/词类活用1．notevt.记录2．keyadj.关键的3．switchn．转换4．drivev．迫使5．fishv．打捞6．pushv．促使二、思维品质1．阅读技巧——通过“举例处”解推理推断题阅读理解中的举例处是命题人命制试题时特殊钟爱的地方，因此应当引起我们的高度重视。这些例子往往与作者的观点和结论有很大的关联，具有重要作用，因此也成为常见的命题点。这类题目在文章中的线索特别明显，一般都带有如下的标记性词语：forexample，forinstance，take...asanexample，as，suchas，like等。举例子的作用通常有三个：第一，证明论点：通常论点在前，例证在后。其次，引出话题或结论：一般例子在前，话题和结论在后。第三，通过举例对比突出强调事物的某一方面。例如第49题便是用例子进行命题的。第四段例子旨在阐明，人类的没有安排的活动会在很大程度上影响生态系统的平衡。故选A。2．分析长难句并翻译句子Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare，theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.[分析]if引导的条件状语从句中有一个定语从句thatiseasiertofind，并且还有一个时间状语从句whenapreyspeciesbecomesrare。[翻译]当猎物稀缺时，假如掠食动物会转向更简单找到的另一种物种，那么这种转变会使最初的那种猎物复原。三、文化素养思索：通过阅读这篇文章，你认为我们应当怎样为爱护生态做出贡献？爱护生态环境，我们应当从一点一滴的小事做起，从一丝一毫的贡献起先。例如，我们可以参与植树造林。因为森林具有维护地球生命、改善人类生存空间的生态价值。还可以参与环保义务宣扬活动，制止破坏环境的行为。授课提示：对应学生用书第133页NO.1单词——在语境中应用，在拓展中记多01核心单词…………[先识记]请依据汉语提示完成下列词块1．concludeadeal达成协议2．rejectaplan拒绝方案3．contributemoney捐钱4．defeattheenemy战胜敌人5．attendameeting出席会议6．exposemetoart使我接触艺术7．absorbinformation吸取信息8．foreseethefuture预见将来9．pollutetherivers污染河流10．suspecthimtobeill猜想他病了11．acautiousdriver一位谨慎的司机12．apositiveattitude乐观的看法13．anexpertonforeignaffairs外交专家14．anenthusiasticwelcome热情欢迎15．acureforcolds治感冒的方法16．anexcitingchallenge令人激烈的挑战17．beartheblame担当责任18．abroomhandle扫帚把[再拓展]请填入括号内单词的正确形式1．Markisacautious(caution)shopperwhoalwaysdoessomecarefulresearchonthemarketbeforehebuyssomethingvaluable.2．Thewriterpersonallycontributed￡5,000totheearthquakefundlastweekandallhiscontributionsweregratefullyreceived.(contribute)3．MaryannouncedtoherteammatesthatshewastomarryaChineseboy.Theannouncementoftheirmarriagewouldappearinthelocalnewspaperthenextweek.(announce)4．ThegreatbridgeunderconstructionisdesignedbyChineseengineersanditwilltakeaboutayeartoconstructthelargebridge.(construct)5．IwasboredwithmyjobandfeltIneededanewchallenge.LastweekIgotanewjobinabigfirm，andIfounditverychallenging.(challenge)6．Intheclass，ourteacherofteninstructsustoimproveourreadingabilityandhisinstructionmakesadifferencetoourEnglishlearning.(instruct)7．Itwasconcludedthathedidn'ttellusthetruth.Icametotheconclusionthathelied.(conclude)02阅读单词…………标注不相识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆□characteristic□radium□analyse□physician□outbreak□clue□germ□chart□enquiry□neighbourhood□pump□firework□chart□infectiousNO.2短语——在拼法中记牢，在联想中积累[必会短语]请依据汉语提示完成下列词块1．makesense讲得通；有意义2．betoblame应受指责/责怪3．cometoanend结束4．attendtotheinjured照看伤者5．leadtobadresults导致坏的结果6．lookintothematter调查那件事7．exposesomeonetodanger使某人暴露于危急中8．linktheislandtotheland把该岛与陆地连起来9．apartfromspellingmistakes除了拼法错误10．putforwardaplan提出一项安排[词汇积累]1．表示“观点；看法”的高频形容词①positive主动的②negative消极的③subjective主观的④objective客观的⑤doubtful怀疑的⑥critical指责的2．名词用作动词的高频词汇聚焦①handlen．把手→vt.处理②nursen．护士→vt.护理③facen．脸→vt.面对④bridgen．桥→vt.沟通⑤drinkn．饮料→vt.喝；饮3．“照看/照看某人”的多种表达①attendto/on/uponsb.②careforsb.③takecareofsb.④lookaftersb.⑤showconsiderationforsb.⑥seeaftersb.NO.3句式——在解读中学懂，在学写中学通请依据提示完成下列句子1．neither...nor...既不……也不……我最喜爱秋天，因为那时既不太热也不太冷。Ilikeautumnbestasit'sneithertoohotnortoocoldthen.2．everytime引导时间状语从句每当我在英语学习上遇到困难时，我的英语老师是我首先要求助的人。EverytimeIhavedifficultywithmyEnglishstudy,myEnglishteacheristheonethatIwillturntofirst.(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)3．suggest(建议)后跟从句用虚拟语气假如你有空，我剧烈建议你在网上学英语。Shouldyoubeavailable,Istronglysuggestyou(should)learnEnglishontheInternet.4．“only＋状语”位于句首时主句须部分倒装只有我们尽全力去争取，我们才能为我们的学校赢得荣誉。Onlyifwemakeeveryefforttostriveforit，canwewinthehonorforourschool.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)授课提示：对应学生用书第134页1．concludevt.&vi.推断出；结束；达成；缔结[写作佳句]It'ssafetoconcludethatitisreasonabletoincludeEnglishwhichbenefitsdailycommunication.可以得出的结论是，把一些有利于日常交际的英语包括在内是合情合理的。[归纳拓展](1)concludeeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sth.fromsth.,fromsth.that...))(从……中)推断出……concludesth.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(withsth.,bydoingsth.))以……结束……toconclude最终(2)conclusionn．结论；结束cometo/reach/drawaconclusion得出结论inconclusion总而言之[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Heconcludedhisspeechwithafamoussaying，“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”②I'vecometotheconclusion(conclude)thathe'snottherightpersonforthejob.③Inconclusion,IbelievethatyoucanbenefitalotfromtheEnglishclassontheInternet.实力提升——一句多译我从我自己的经验中得出结论：患难见真情。④Idrew/reached/cametoaconclusionfrommyownexperiencesthatafriendinneedisafriendindeed.(conclusion)⑤Iconcludedfrommyownexperiencesthatafriendinneedisafriendindeed.(conclude)[实战贴士]表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有：inshort，inbrief，inaword，allinall，tosumup，briefly(speaking)，onthewhole等。2．attendvt.出席；参与；照看；护理vi.用心；留意[文化金句]Shewaspraisedforhavingattendedon/uponhersickmother­in­lawforoverthirtyyears.她因服侍生病的婆婆三十多年而受到人们的赞扬。[归纳拓展]attendschool/class/church上学/上课/做礼拜attendtosb./sth.用心，留意，倾听某人/某事；处理，应付；关怀attendon/uponsb.照料/侍候某人[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Onthelastdayofourweek­longstay，wewereinvitedtoattend(attend)aprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，listening(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.(2024·高考全国卷Ⅲ)②Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend(attend)．(2024·高考北京卷)③Thepersoninchargeoftheworkshouldattendtothismatterimmediately.实力提升——补全句子/句式升级④I'mgreatlyhonoredtoinviteyoutoattendamusicfestival(参与一个音乐节)．ItwillbeheldinourschoolhallonJune5at2：00p．m.(2024·高考全国卷Ⅲ)→I'mgreatlyhonoredtoinviteyoutoattendamusicfestivaltobeheldinourschoolhallonJune5at2：00p．m.3．exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临[写作佳句]Ifexposedtotheoutsidesurroundings，they'llbestrongerandbetterpreparedfortheirfuture.假如暴露于外部的环境，他们将变得更加强壮并能为将来做好打算。[归纳拓展](1)expose...to...使……暴露于……；使……接触……exposeoneselfto...使自己面临……；使自己暴露于……(2)beexposedto遭遇到；(使)接触到[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Somepeoplethinkweshouldn'texposethechildrentoplaying(play)computergames.②Beingexposed(expose)tostrongsunlightwilldoharmtoyourskin.③Themorebirdsareexposed(expose)tolight，themoreactivetheyareatnight.实力提升——句式升级④Whenchildrenareexposedtodifficultsituations，theyarebetterathandlingchallengingsituations.→Exposedtodifficultsituations，childrenarebetterathandlingchallengingsituations.(分词作状语)[实战贴士]及物动词expose后若无宾语，则经常运用它的被动形式；在expose...to...以及beexposedto结构中，to为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词作宾语。4．challengen.挑战vt.向……挑战[写作佳句]Iquicklylowermyself，duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.我快速俯下身子，低下头，避开直视他的眼睛，这样他就不会感到受到了挑战。[归纳拓展](1)challengesb.tosth.向某人挑战某事challengesb.todosth.向某人挑战做某事(2)challengingadj.具有挑战性的challengedadj.受到挑战的[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Iwanttochallengehimtoagameofbasketball.②Teachingyoungchildrenisachallenging(challenge)andrewardingjob.实力提升——翻译句子③至于我，我对跑步感爱好，因为它给了我力气去面对生活中的挑战。Asforme，I'minterestedinrunningsinceithasbeengivingmestrengthtofacethechallengesinmylife.④在即将到来的三年里，我们的学校生活将具有挑战性。Inthecomingthreeyears，ourschoollifewillbechallenging.[实战贴士]challenge本身已含有“向……；对……”的意义，因而不要再加多余的to。向某人挑战eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1([误]challengetosb.,[正]challengesb.))5．absorbvt.吸取；吸引；运用心；吞并；理解；驾驭[写作佳句]Inaddition，sittingonthegrassandenjoyingthetastyfoodanddrinksprovidedbysponsors，wewillbefullyabsorbedintheattractiveandfascinatingperformances.(2024·高考全国卷Ⅲ)此外，坐在草地上，享受赞助商供应的美味佳肴和饮料，我们将全神贯注于精彩绝伦的表演。[归纳拓展](1)absorboneselfin用心于；全神贯注于o...把……吸取进……absorb...from...从……中吸取……(2)absorbedadj.全神贯注的；用心致志的；极感爱好的beabsorbedin全神贯注于[实战演练]基础练透——一词多义①Thesurroundingsmalltownshavebeenabsorbedintothecity.吞并，使并入②Afterabsorbingenoughwater，theplantsgrowwell.吸取③Ikeepthelessonsimplebecausethestudentscan'tabsorbthatmuch.理解实力提升——一句多译汤姆如此用心于工作以至于遗忘了通知她这件事。④Tomwassoabsorbedinhisworkthatheforgottoinformherofit.⑤SoabsorbedwasTominhisworkthatheforgottoinformherofit.(so...that...引导的倒装句)⑥Absorbedinhiswork，Tomforgottoinformherofit.(过去分词短语作状语)[实战贴士]beabsorbedin(doing)sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用absorbedin...。类似的结构还有：belostin，becaught/trappedin，beburiedin，beinvolvedin，beoccupiedin等。6．blamevt.责怪；指责；把……归咎于n.过失；责怪[写作佳句]Therefore，Ibelieveweshoulddoourbesttocontributetoanexcellentclassroomatmospheretoabsorbtheknowledge.Besides，weshouldn'tblameallourfailureonothers.因此，我觉得我们学生应当尽力营造一个舒适的课堂环境来吸取学问。此外，我们不应把失败完全归咎于别人。[归纳拓展](1)blamesb.forsth./doingsth.为某事责怪某人/责怪某人做了某事blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人betoblame(for)应(为……)担当责任/受责怪(2)put/laytheblameforsth.onsb.将某事归咎于某人taketheblame(for)应(为……)担当责任/受责怪[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①It'sunwiseforustoblametheincreaseofratingsonhighconsumption.②Itwastheprofessorratherthanhisassistantthatwastoblame(blame)forwhathadhappenedinthelab.③Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning，andputtheblameonthealarmclock.实力提升——一句多译因为被指责要为学校电脑网络的崩溃负责，艾丽斯的心情很低落。④Alicewasinlowspiritsbecauseshewasblamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork.(状语从句)⑤Blamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork，Alicewasinlowspirits.(分词短语作状语)[实战贴士]betoblame短语中blame不能用其被动形式，该短语为主动形式表示被动含义。7．contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助[文化金句]Thecompass，paper，gunpowder，andtheartofprintingarecalledthefourgreatinventionsthatChinacontributedtotheworld.指南针、造纸术、火药和印刷术被称为“四大独创”，是中国对世界做出的贡献。[归纳拓展](1)contribute...to...把……捐献给……contributeto有助于；导致；投稿(2)contributionn．捐献；贡献；稿件makeacontribution/contributionsto对……做出贡献[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①LocatedwheretheBeltmeetstheRoad，JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.②Yourcontribution(contribute)willcertainlymaketheeventahugesuccess.③Inconclusion，everyoneshouldmakecontributionstoprotecting(protect)theenvironment.实力提升——完成语段④Manypeoplecontributedmoneytothepoorboy，whichcontributedtohisreturningtoschool.Awriterwroteastoryaboutthisandcontributedittoanewspaper.很多人给那个可怜的男孩捐款，这有助于他重返校内。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的故事并把它投稿到报社。8．putforward提出(建议)；举荐；将……提前；将(钟表等)向前拨[写作佳句]Beforewecarriedouttheplan，variousideaswere/hadbeenputforwardbymyclassmates.在我们实施这项安排之前，同学们提出了各种不同的想法。[归纳拓展]putaside放在一边；忽视；忽视；节约；储蓄；储存；留出putaway放好putoff延期；推迟putup举起；张贴；建立；供应食宿putthrough接通电话；完成[实战演练]基础练透——一词多义①Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.Butbeforeabetteroneisputforward，we'llmakedowithit.提出②Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.将……提前③Shewasputforwardasanadvancedworker.举荐实力提升——选用put的短语填空④Asfortheproblemyouputforwardinyourlastletter，IthinkitisawisechoiceforyoutoexploretheChineseculturebyyourself.⑤EncouragechildrentoputasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneytobuyNewYear'spresents.⑥Itwasbecauseofthebadweatherthatthefootballmatchwasputoff.9．makesense有意义；有道理；讲得通[写作佳句]See，yourcomputerhasbrokendownagain！Itdoesn'tmakesensetobuythecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.看，你的电脑又发生故障了。只是为了省一点钱而买最便宜牌子的电脑没意义。[归纳拓展](1)makesenseof理解；明白makenosense没道理；没意义(2)inasense在某一方面；就某种意义来说innosense决不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装)(3)thereisno/littlesenseindoingsth.做某事没道理[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Itdoesn'tmakesensetobuy(buy)thatexpensivecoatwhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgood.②Innosenseshouldyouloseheart；keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.实力提升——词汇升级③TherearesomanynewwordsinthepassagethatIcouldhardlyunderstandthematall.→TherearesomanynewwordsinthepassagethatIcouldhardlymakesenseofthematall.10．neither...nor...“既不……也不……”[教材原句]Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。[归纳拓展](1)neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。当连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近一样”原则。(2)遵循“就近一样”原则的其他并列连词：either...or...不是……就是……；或者……或者……notonly...butalso...不但……而且……not...but...不是……而是……[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Neithershouldweembraceonlinevotingaimlesslynorcanwedenyitcompletely.②NotonlyJohnandTombutalsotheirsister，Mary，takes(take)greatinterestinthepianolessonsnow.③Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsis(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.实力提升——句型转换④Theteacherisnotcontentwiththeresult.Thestudentsarenotcontentwiththeresult.→Neithertheteachernorthestudentsarecontentwiththeresult.11．everytime引导时间状语从句[教材原句]Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.所以每次暴发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人病死。[归纳拓展](1)everytime是名词词组作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，意为“每当……”，从句谓语常用一般现在时或一般过去时。(2)名词词组作连词用而且能引导时间状语从句的还有：anytime任何时候nexttime下次……时thelasttime最终一次the＋序数词＋time第……次(3)the＋瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant/second)一……就……on/upondoingsth.一……就……[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Onarriving(arrive)home，hesetouttodohishomework.实力提升——补全句子②Everytimehearrivedhome(每当他到家时)attheendoftheday，we'dgreethimatthedoor.③Thefirsttimehecametothecity(他第一次来到那个城市时)，hedecidedtosettlethere.④Youarewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto(你什么时候想回来)．授课提示：对应学生用书第138页[教材与高考]Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词1．阅读词汇认知①(2024·高考天津卷)Itpreventspeoplewhoarecutofffromsocietyfallingvictimtocheaters.n.牺牲品②(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Theecosystemdowntherecan'thandlethisnon­nativespecies(物种)．It'sdestroyingtheenvironment.vt.应付③(2024·高考全国卷)However，whensomethingdidinterestme，Icouldbecomeabsorbed.adj.用心致志的④(2015·高考天津卷)Theauthor'smothertoldhimtoborrowabookinordertohelpcurehimofhisreadingproblem.vt.矫正⑤(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds，VOCsforshort.v.抽；吸取2．一词多义①(2024·高考浙江卷)Shesuspectedthatoneofherthreedaughters—thenten，eight，andsix—hadpickeditup，butthegirlssaidtheyhadn't.AA．vt.怀疑；猜疑(是) B．vt.怀疑……有罪C．n.犯罪嫌疑人②(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.BA．柄；把手 B．处理C．操纵③(北京卷)Leadpoisoninghasprovedmoredifficulttodealwith.Whencondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead，theyabsorblargequantitiesoflead.AA．吸取 B．理解C．吸引Ⅱ.语言运用高频点1．语法填空①(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientific(science)research.②(2024·高考天津卷)ThisledJonestotheconclusion(conclude)thattherearetoomanyextremelylonelypeopleinhiscommunity,whoareeasytargetsofcheating.③(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Inanalyzing(analyze)hisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion.④(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Thesekidsaresoabsorbed(absorb)intheirstudiesthatIjustsitback.⑤(2024·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Turntoanonlineinstructor(instruct)forhelp.2．完形填空①(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)ItwasjustaftersunriseonaJunemorning.“Nicolo，”whoserealnamecannotbeexposedtothepublicbecauseofItaly'sprivacylaws，finishedworkingthewholenightatafactoryinTurin.Asheoftendid,hestoppedbythe“afterworkauction(拍卖)”43bytheItalianpolicewherethingsfoundonthetrainsweresold