2021-2022学年高二下学期期末英语试卷（原卷版）

丰台区2021~2022学年度第二学期期末练习高二英语第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。IdaNelsonwasrelaxingandenjoyingherselfathome.Atthismomentshe____1____aseriesoflonglowsoundsfromanairplane,whichwascirclingthenearbyairportinthevillage.Itwas11:30atnightand,asshetoldthereporter,“Anytimeaplanefliesoverthatlate,youknowsomethingis____2____.”Nelsonrantothewindow,andsawtheproblem:Theairport’srunwaylightswereout.Atonce,NelsonjumpedintoherATV(沙滩车),anddroveittotheairport,whereshe____3____alocalpilottryingtoturnonthelights.Sherantohelp____4____.“Usually,ifyoupushthebutton10or15times,thelightswilljustlightup,”Nelsonsaid.Butitdidn’tworkthistime.Meanwhile,theylearnedoftheplane’s____5____:Itwasamedevac(医疗救护直升机),theretosendaseriouslyilllocalgirltothehospital280milesaway.NelsondecidedtodriveherATVtotheendoftherunwayandshinetheheadlightsfortheplanetofollow.Greatidea,____6____itwasn’tenough.Morelightwasneeded,soaneighborcallednearlyeveryhomeinthevillage.Withintenminutes,twentycarsarrived.Following____7____fromthemedevacpilot,thecarslinedupononesideoftherunway.Themedevacwasguidedbytheheadlightsandlanded____8____.Theyoungpatientwasloadedontotheaircraft,andtheplane____9____atonce.Inaworldfilledwithuncertainty,thelittlecommunity’s_____10_____actionwasabigdeal.NotsomuchforNelson.Asshetoldthereporter,comingtogether“iskindofanormaldeal.”1.A.knew B.heard C.recorded D.created2.A.small B.interesting C.wrong D.delicious3.A.found B.called C.invited D.asked4.A.luckily B.surprisingly C.regularly D.immediately5.A.task B.message C.idea D.need6.A.or B.but C.so D.and7.A.methods B.choices C.development D.directions8.A.successfully B.naturally C.hardly D.actively9.A.tookin B.tookover C.tookoff D.tookdown10.A.practical B.positive C.attractive D.careful第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。IgrewupinthecountrysideofPoland,____11____wasfamousformountainskiing.MessnerTraversewasthemostdangerousmountainthereandeventhe____12____(good)skimountaineersthoughtitimpossibletoskidownit.Forme,itwaswheretherealchallengebegan.Butafterfiveyearsofhardtraining,Iwonthischallenge.Iwassoproudof____13____Ihadachievedandittaughtmethevalueofendurance(耐力).B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TheBlueBird,asix-actfairyplay,____14____(produce)byMauriceMaeterlinck.It’sastoryaboutthatTyltylandMytylhaveadventureswhile____15____(search)fortheBlueBirdofHappiness.Asthechildrenofapoorfarmer,TyltylandMytylarewatchingapartysecretlyattheirowners’homewhenafairyappears.Sheusesamagicdiamond____16____(bring)animalsintheirhometolife.Together,theysetoffonan____17____(amaze)journeyinsearchoftheBlueBird.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Thewholenation____18____(welcome)itsthreeheroicastronautshomeonSaturday,April26,2022.At9:57am,there-entrymodule(返回舱)carryingtheastronautsZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfulanded____19____(safe),aftertheastronautshadcompleted____20____(they)six-monthspaceexploration.ItisfairtosaythattheShenzhou-13’sreturnhasbeenasuccess.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAfewyearsago,afriendsentmearestaurantgiftcardforNewYear,andIpickedapretty,sunnySundayafternoontouseit.Itfeltgoodtakingmygrownsonanddaughtertoanicerestaurantinsteadofthefastfoodplacesweusuallyateat.Themealwasdelicious,andweallhadagoodtimejustbeingtogether.Thegiftcardcoveredalmostallofthecheck.Ireachedintomywallettogetenoughcashtocovertherest.Isawtwobills(钞票)init.Thefirstwouldcovertherestofthecheck.Thesecondwouldcoverthecheckandgivethewaiteranicetip.Ireacheddowntopickoutthefirstone.Atthatmoment,mymindflashedbackto30yearsago.Iwasworkingasabusboy(餐厅勤杂工)inarestaurantmuchliketheonewewerein.Itwaslonghoursofhardworkforlowpay.Iwenthomejustbarely(勉强)makingenoughtofeedmyyoungfamily.IalsorememberedhowmorethanonceIsawthewaiterscountingtheirsmalltipswhileworryingabouthowtheyweregoingtopaytherentandbuytheirkidsthethingstheyneeded.Irememberedthepainintheireyesandsawthesadnessintheirfacesattheendoftheday.Iblinked(眨眼睛)andwasbackinthepresentagain,withmyfingerstouchingthesmallerbillinmywallet.Ismiled,pusheditbackdownandpickedoutthelargerbill.Asweallgotupfromthetable,Ihandedthebillandgiftcardtothehardworkingwaiter.“Youkeepthechange,”Isaidwithasmileandahappyheart.Weareallonefamilyinthisworld.Welivetogether,rejoice(高兴)togetherandsuffertogether.Doyourbesttobekind.Doyourbesttobeagoodpersonandreplacethesufferingwithjoy.21.Whydidtheauthorgotothenicerestaurant?AHemadebigmoney. B.Hisfriendsinvitedhim.C.Hecouldpaywithagiftcard. D.Hischildrenpreferredtogothere.22.Workingasabusboy,theauthor________.A.gotgeneroustips B.earnedapoorlivingC.hadahopefulfuture D.broughtfreefoodhome23.Whatdidtheauthordofinally?A.Hegaveatiptothewaiter. B.Heorderedsometakeout.C.Hepaidwiththesmallbill. D.Herefusedtousethegiftcard.24.Whatkindofpersonistheauthor?A.Calm. B.Honest. C.Patient. D.Caring.BThisyear,highschoolstudentsinChicagoarefeelingupsetforthelossofgraduationceremonies(毕业典礼)andeverydayjoysbecauseofCOVID-l9.Thebestwaytodealwithyoursadnessandfeelusefultoyourcommunityistovolunteeronline.Herearethreewaysyoucanofferhelp.OnlineVolunteersBecominganonlinevolunteerfortheRedCrosscanallowteenagerstomakeacontributioninthehardtime.ThiscaninvolveactionslikesharingtheRedCrosscontentacrosssocialmediaororganizinganonlinedonation.PointsofLight,anonlinevolunteerserviceorganization,canofferyoualotofjobsincludingwritingletterstohealthcareworkers,ororganizingfooddonationsforneedyfamiliesinyourarea.OnlineTeachersChildrenfrompoorfamilieshavesufferedgreateducationallossesduringCOVID-19.Tallowsstudentsmanychancestoteachchildrenunder12online.Sallowsstudentsaged16-18toprovideteachingservicestochildrenabove12throughtheInternet.Thoseaged12-15canalsovolunteerforS,butmustbeaccompanied(陪同)byaparent.Lisaplaceforconnectingcollegehelpersandchildreninneedonline.OnlineTranslatorsIfyoucanspeaktwolanguages,thereareplentyofwaysinwhichyoucanhelpjustrightfromyourcomputer.SomecommunitiesneedsomeCOVID-19-relatedpaperstranslatedfromEnglishtoFrench.Youcouldofferyourhelp.YoucouldalsoconsiderjoiningthearmyofTEDTalktranslatorswhoworkonsubtitling(添加字幕)thevideos.AnumberofchancescanalsobereachedthroughTranslatorsWithoutBorders.Duringthishardtime,youcanstartwhereyouare,usewhatyouhaveanddowhatyoucantomakeadifference.25.WhichofthefollowingisprobablyanonlinevolunteerjobfortheRedCross?A.Organizinganonlinedonation. B.Filmingvideos.C.Preparingfoodforthepoor. D.Helpingtowriteletters.26.Ifyouwanttoteach3gradechildrenonline,whichwebsitemayhelp?A.S. B.L.C.S. D.T.27.Ifyoucanspeaktwolanguages,youmayvolunteerby________.A.subtitlingvideos B.usingsocialmediaC.translatingstories D.teachingchildrenonline28.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toupdatedifferentwebsites.B.Toshowbenefitsofvolunteering.C.Tointroduceonlinevolunteerwork.D.Tosharesomevolunteerexperiences.CEye-catchingSmartphoneAppResearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegohavedevelopedasmartphoneappthatcouldallowpeopletoscreenforAlzheimer’sdiseaseandotherneurological(神经系统的)diseases—byrecordingcloseupsoftheeyes.Theappusesaspecialcamera,whichisbuiltintonewersmartphonesforfacialrecognition,alongwitharegularselfie(自拍)cameratotrackhowaperson’spupilchangesinsize.Withthehelpofthecameras,thepupilcanbeeasilydistinguished(辨别)fromtheiris,evenineyeswithdarkeririscolors.Thisenablestheapptocalculatepupilsizewithsub-millimeter(亚毫米)accuracyacrossvariouseyecolors.Recentresearchhasshownthatpupilsizecanprovideinformationaboutaperson’sneurologicalfunctions.Forexample,pupilsizeincreaseswhenapersonperformsadifficultcognitive(认知的)taskorhearsanunexpectedsound.So,thepupilmeasurementscouldbeusedtoassessaperson’scognitivecondition.Measuringthechangesinpupildiameter(直径)isdonebyperformingwhat’scalledapupilresponsetest.Thetestcouldofferasimpleandeasywaytodiagnose(诊断)andmonitorvariousneurologicaldiseases.However,itatpresentrequiresspecializedandcostlyequipment,makingitimpracticaltoperformoutsidethelaborclinic.Now,itisthissmartphoneappthathelpspromoteamoreaffordableandaccessiblesolutionathomes.Theresearchersalsoincludevariousfeaturesintheirapptomakeitmoreuserfriendlyforolderadults.Theyworkedwitholderadultparticipantstodesignasimpleappinterface(界面)thatallowsuserstodopupilresponsetestsbythemselves.Thisinterfaceincludesvoicecommands,image-basedinstructions,andacheap,plasticscopetodirecttheusertoplacetheireyewithintheviewofthesmartphonecamera.Nowadays,theDigitalHealthLabiscontinuingthisworktoenablesimilarfunctiononanysmartphoneratherthanjustthenewersmartphones.Futurestudieswillalsoinvolveworkingwitholderadultstoevaluatehomeuseofthetechnology.TheteamwillworkwitholderindividualswithmildcognitivedamagetotesttheappasariskscreeningtoolforearlystageAlzheimer’sdisease.29.Thenewersmartphoneappcanbeusedto________.A.recordthefacialexpressions B.preventthechangesinpupilsizeC.detectsomeneurologicaldiseases D.drawthecloseupsoftheeyes30.Byusingtheapp,pupilresponsetestscan________.Abeoperatedathome B.distinguishmorediseasesC.increasetheequipmentcosts D.providemoreaccuratemeasurements31.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Theaccuracyoftheappwillbeimproved.BTheappwillbemorebeneficialtotheolder.C.Variousfeatureswillbedevelopedintheapp.D.Theappcanbedownloadedtoanysmartphone.DInrecentyears,ourin-personinteractionswentdown,andthetimewespentonscreenswentup.Therelationshipbetweentechandmentalhealthisatricky(微妙的)one.Agrowingnumberoffactssuggestpossibleconnectionsbetweentheamountoftimewespendonsocialmediaandanegativeimpactonourwell-being.Manyappsaredesignedtodrawourattentionandnotletgoforaslongaspossible.“Like”buttons,brightrednotifications(通知)andnever-endingnewskeepusfocused.Studiesshowthatifyoulookatyourphonewhenyougetanewnotification,youarelikelytocheckotherthingstoo.Thesearecalledwithin-phoneinterruptions(干扰)andyoucanlosemostofyourdaytothem.Ithasbeenfoundthatwhenataskisinterruptedbypushnotifications,itcanenduptakingfourtimeslongertocompletethanitwoulddootherwise.Formostpeople,theanswertothisissueisadigitaldetox:deletingasmanyappsasyoucanorcuttingyourselfofffromyourdevices.However,balanceiswhatwillhelpavoidtechoverload,andtherearemanywaysthatwecanmakethateasierforourselves.Someappscanhelpyoufocusbyvisualising(可视化)somethingthatonlygrowswhenyouhavelongtimeworking,notscrolling.Othersblockattractiveappsforashorttimesoyoudon’tfallintoendlessscroll-holes,whichisaloteasierthanrepeatedlydeletingandredownloadingyourfavouriteapps.Ialsorecommendlimitingpushnotificationsandmovingyourphoneawaywhenyouneedtofocus,fora2017studyfoundthatthepresenceofonlyaphonecaneasilytakeyourattentionaway,evenwhenitisn’tinyourlineofsight.Gettingridofsocialmediaoryourdevicesaltogetherwasonceafashionablepieceofadvice,butnotonlyisitunworkableformostofus,itisn’tadvisableeither.Asmuchastechcanbeasourceofstress,inatimewhentheworldfeelsmoredifficulttonavigate(应对)thanusual,itcanalsobeamuch-neededsourceofrelief,joyandconnection.32.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Whatappscaninterrupttheuseofphone.B.Howmuchtimepeoplelosetoonlinenews.C.Whatpeoplecandotostopusingtheirphones.D.Howappsaredesignedtoattractusers’attention.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detox”inParagraph3mean?A.Adrugtorelievementalstress. B.Amethodtostopaddiction.C.Awaytoincreasescreentime. D.Ameanstoavoidsocialmediamisuse.34.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorprobablyagree?A.Appsaretoblamefortheoveruse.B.Technologycontributestomentalhealth.C.Deletingappsiseffectiveforkeepingfocus.D.Socialmediabringsharmtopeople’shealth.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。“Teamworking”isfoundeverywherewithinjustabouteveryorganization.Youcan’tgetawayfrom“teams”thatmayprobablycreatesomethinggreaterthanthesumofitsparts.Orsothetheorygoes.____35____Everyteamneedsacommongoal.Theremustbeaclearreasonfortheteamtoexist.____36____Whattheyarehopingtoachieveshouldbesomethingachievablebuttoughandinspiringenoughtoattractthemembersandkeeptheirmotivationalive.What’smore,theyshouldalsobewellpreparedforthepossibledifficultiestheymayhaveintheprocess.____37____Teammembersmustbeabletoexpresstheiropinionsfreelyandbelievetheirsuggestionswillbetakenseriously.Thisisimportantbecausetheteammayneedtosolvesomecomplexissues.Forexample,itmaydiscussasensitivetopic.Shouldtheykeeptheirconclusionwithintheteamorshareitwithotheremployees?Thisisanissuethatallthemembersshouldagreeonandhonestdiscussionisneeded.Conflictsolvingisalsoveryimportant.Disagreementsarenaturaland,infact,debateanddiscussionshouldbeencouraged.Ateammadeuponlyof“yesmen”canmakedisastrousdecisionsthatfewpeoplehonestlyagreedwithinthefirstplace.____38____Forexample,teammeetingsmaynotbeagoodplaceforapairdiscussion,so“under-the-table”methodmaybebetter.____39____Itrequiresmuchmore,butmotivatingpeopleismostessential.Successfulteamworkingisnotmarkedbyhowmuchprogresstheteammakestowarditsgoals,butbyhowconfidentlyitsmemberscompletetheirtaskswithasenseofachievementandpride.A.Buildingastrongteamisnotdifficult.B.Hemustbeskilledincoachingthemtoreachgoals.C.Therearesomewaystohelpgetthemostoutofateam.D.Teambuildingisn’tjustthrowingafewpeopletogether.E.Sothereshouldberulesonhowtohandledisagreements.F.Besides,goodteamworkisbuiltonopencommunication.G.Andallthemembersshouldrealizethevalueofwhattheyaregoingtodo.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。WillMyDonationActuallyHelp?Whenwedonatemoneytooneofthecountlesscharities,wegiveittoanunknownpersonoverthephoneorthroughtheInternet.Wehaveabsolutelynoideaaboutwherethatmoneygoesto,whatitbuysorwhoithelps.Atleastthatisthecaseformostofthecharities.Perhapsyoushouldstarttotakeagreaterinterestinwhereyourdonationsgo,becausemanyofthemmayleadtodeadends.Youreallyshouldaskthequestion:willmydonationactuallyhelpthepeople?Sometimesitmakesmatterworse.Forexample,manycharitieshelpAfricanpeoplesetupwaterpumps(水泵)todelivercleanwatertotheircommunities.Moneyhasbeeninvestedoverthepast20yearstosetupatotalof60,000pumpsacrosssub-SaharanAfrica.However,today40%ofthosehavefailedtoworkatsomepoint.Becausethecommunitydoesnothavetheresourcesorknowhowtofixtheproblem,theyhavebeenleftthere,likeexpensivebutuselessdecorations.Forunderdevelopednations,sendingendlesscontainersfullofmaterialgoodsfromcharitywillhurtthelocaleconomy.Forinstance,Hand