2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit4Everydayeconomics课时分层作业3含解析外研版选择性必修第四册

PAGEUnit4Everydayeconomics课时分层作业(十二)Ⅰ.阅读理解ATheotherday，mysisterandIweresittinginarestaurant，tryingtohaveaconversation，butherchildren，four­year­oldWillowandseven­year­oldLuca，wouldnotstopfighting.Thearguments—overafork，orwhohadmorewaterinaglass—neverstopped.Thenmysisterreachedintoherhandbag，producedtwoshinyiPads(苹果平板电脑)，andhandedonetoeachchild.Suddenly，thetwowerequiet.Theysatplayinggamesandwatchingvideos，andwecontinuedwithourconversation.Afterourmeal，asmysisterstuffedtheiPadsbackintoherbag，shesaid，“Idon'twanttogivethemtheiPadsatthedinnertable，butiftheykeepthemoccupiedforanhoursowecaneatinpeace，Ioftenjusthandthemover.I'mafraidit'sbadforthem.Idoworrythatitmakesthemthinkit'sOKtouseelectronicsatthedinnertableinthefuture.”Dr.GarySmall，directoroftheLongevityCenterattheUniversityofCalifornia，LosAngelessaysthatthebrainishighlysensitivetostimuli(刺激物)，likeiPadsandsmartphonescreens，andifpeoplespendtoomuchtimeononetechnology，andlesstimeinteracting(互动)withpeoplelikeparentsatthedinnertable，thatcouldpreventthedevelopmentofcertaincommunicationskills.“Conversationswitheachotherarethewaychildrenlearntohaveconversationswiththemselves，andlearnhowtobealone，”saidSherryTurkle，aprofessorofscience，technologyandsocietyattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Shefearsthatchildrenwhodonotlearnrealinteractions，whichoftenhaveimperfections，willcometoknowaworldwhereperfect，shinyscreensgivethemafalsesenseofintimacy(密切)withoutrisk.However，theyneedtobeabletogatherthemselvesandknowwhotheyare.Sosomedaytheycanformarelationshipwithanotherpersonwithoutapanicofbeingalone.“Ifyoudon'tteachyourchildrentobealone，they'llonlyknowhowtobelonely，”shesaid.【语篇解读】本文是一篇争论文。用iPad让孩子们宁静下来好像很有效，但是这样做对吗？1．WhatdidWillowandLucafightabout?A．iPads. B．Littlethings.C．Deliciousfood. D．Interestingthings.B[细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Thearguments—overafork，orwhohadmorewaterinaglass—neverstopped.”可以看出，Willow和Luca为一些小事争吵。]2．Howdidtheauthor'ssisterfeelaboutofferingchildreniPads?A．Shewascriticalofit.B．Shefeltitwasworthatry.C．Shewasuncertainaboutit.D．Shefeltsurprisedatitseffect.C[推理推断题。依据第三段内容可知，虽然作者的姐姐会用iPad让孩子们宁静下来，但是她又担忧这样做不好，因此说她对这种做法心存疑虑。]3．AccordingtoDr.GarySmall，whatshouldparentsdo?A．Providetheirchildrenwithvarioustechnologies.B．Teachtheirchildrencommunicationskills.C．Talktotheirchildrenatthedinnertable.D．Limittheirchildren'sscreentime.D[推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中的“ifpeoplespendtoomuchtimeononetechnology...preventthedevelopmentofcertaincommunicationskills”可知，长时间运用电子设备有碍于孩子们一些沟通技能的发展，因此家长应当限制孩子运用这些设备的时间。]4．WhatisSherryTurkleworried?A．Childrenareafraidoftakingrisks.B．Childrentrytoescapefromtherealworld.C．Childrencan'tlivewithoutelectronicdevices.D．Childrencan'tdealwithcompanionlesssituations.D[推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Shefearsthatchildren...willcometoknowaworldwhereperfect，shinyscreensgivethemafalsesenseofintimacy(密切)withoutrisk.”可知，SherryTurkle担忧孩子们习惯了电子设备的陪伴，认为真正的人际交往也是如此，随时随地有人陪伴，因此他们会受不了孤寂。]BMorethan2，500tinyglassjars—eachcontainingbrightlycoloredpowders—linethewallsofamuseumatHarvardUniversityinCambridge，Massachusetts.Thepigment(颜料)samplesmakeuptheForbesPigmentCollection.Artexpertsrelyonthecollectionforanimportantscientificpurpose—thecolorsactasstandardstohelpthemconserveandauthenticateartists'paintings.Aboutacenturyago，EdwardForbes，anarthistorianandartmuseumdirectoratHarvard，noticedthatthepaintonsome14th­centurypaintingsinhismuseum'scollectionwasdeteriorating．Tofigureouthowtosavethepaintings，herealizedhewouldhavetolearnmoreaboutthematerialsusedtomaketheirpaint.Today，peoplecanbuypaintineverycoloroftherainbow.Butvarietyinpaintcolors—andtheabilitytopurchasethosepaintsatastore—wasn'talwayspossible.Forcenturies，artistscollectedandcrushed(碾碎)everythingfromshellstorarestonestocreatethepigmentsthatcoloredtheirartworks.Theyalsousedmetaloxides(氧化物)．From1910to1944，Forbestraveledtheglobecollectingpowderedpigments.Thesampleshelpedartconservatorsunderstandhowpaintbehavesonachemicallevel.Paintmightreacttochangesinlight，temperature，orhumidity，dependingonitspigments'compositions.Thiscanaffectthecolorsofapaintingovertimeorevencausepainttocomeoffthepaintedsurface.Today，NarayanKhandekar，aseniorconservationscientistattheHarvardArtMuseums，isbuildingonForbes'sworkbyaddingnewer，chemicallymadepigmentstothecollection.Thecollectionalsoplaysanimportantroleinhelpingtostopcounterfeiters(伪造者)．In2007，expertscomparedpigmentsfromthecollectionwiththosefromapaintingthoughttobelongtoabstractartistJacksonPollock.Chemicalanalysisshowedthataredpigmentinthepaintingwasactuallymade20yearsaftertheartist'sdeath，provingthattheartworkwasafake.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛高校色素博物馆的来历及其作用。5．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“deteriorating”inParagraph2?A．Droppingoff. B．Breakingdown.C．Clearedaway. D．Gatheredtogether.B[词义揣测题。依据画线词后的句子“Tofigureouthowtosavethepaintings”可推知，一些14世纪的绘画被损坏了，故此处的deteriorating可以用breakingdown(损坏)代替。]6．WhatcanbeinferredaboutEdwardForbes?A．Hewasgoodatchemistry.B．Hecollectedmanypigments.C．Hecreatedpigmentsbyhimself.D．Herepairedalotofoldpaintings.B[推理推断题。依据第四段中的“Forbestraveledtheglobecollectingpowderedpigments”以及博物馆藏品的命名“ForbesPigmentCollection”可推知Forbes从全球各地收集了很多颜料。]7．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．ColorfulcollectionB．LookingforpigmentsC．EverypigmenthasitsownstoryD．EdwardForbesandhiscollectionA[标题归纳题。文章介绍了哈佛高校色素博物馆的来历及其作用。“Colorfulcollection”形象精确地概括了全文的主要内容，故A项为文章最佳标题。]Ⅱ.读后续写阅读下面材料，依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Iwas28yearsold，theagewhenmostyoungpeoplehavetheireyesfirmlyfixedonthepromiseofsuccessbutIwasafailure.Sixyearsearlier，freshfromcollege，Ihadjoinedadramaticproducingcompany，andhadbeengoingintosmalltownsandruralcommunitiesproducingcountry­stylemusicalcomedies.But，inthesummerof1940，thecountrywasinadepression，radiohadchangedpeople'stastes，andpart­timeshowsweren'tallthatbiganymore.So，joblessandwithnothingelseinsight，Iwentbackhome.LaterIgotajobasarecreation­roomdirectorinmyhometown.Itpaid$50amonthIfeltsofrustratedwithmyplantobeadramaticstar.RestlessanddissatisfiedthoughIwas，itwasnice，inaway，tobebackhome.Itriedtoteachsomeofmytown'schildrenmusicanddrama.AndwhenIgotachance，I'dtrymyluckasaperformermyself.I'ddressupasacountrygirlandtelllittlestoriesandjokesthatI'dpickedupduringmyyearslivingaroundcountryfolk.Igavethiscountrygirlaname—MinniePearl.OneOctoberafternoonIwasintherecreationroom，waitingforthechildrenwhenabankerfriend，JimWalker，cameinandsaid，“We'regoingtohaveabankers'meetinghere.Iunderstandyou'vebeenteachingsomechildrendramaticsanddancingandsinging.Wouldyouletthechildrenentertainthebankers？”Isaid，yes.Suddenly，heturnedandadded，“Oh，bytheway，thespeakerfromChicagoisflyinghere.Ifhe'slate，wouldyouminddoingthatMinniePearlthing？”ItoldJimI'ddoit.Thatnightthechildrensanganddancedtoold­time，popularsongswhenIwasbackstage.Afterwefinishedtheperformance,Jimcametome.“Thespeaker'snothereyet.You'llhavetohelpus.”“Allright，”Itoldhim，“justgivemeaminutetodressup.”留意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Paragraph1：ThenIwentoutinfrontofthehundredorsomenintheaudience.Paragraph2：ThenIwalkedoffthestageintotheaudience，andabankergreetedme.