专题35 八省联考阅读微技能之段落大意题（满分攻略+八省名校模拟）【含答案解析】

专题35八省联考阅读微技能之段落大意题（满分攻略+八省名校模拟）解析版（山西、河南、陕西、内蒙古、四川、云南、宁夏、青海）技能专区：冲刺备考名师提醒，提供高效提分干货，帮你举一反三提分一、段落大意题干扰项特征1.过于笼统，不知所云。所概括的内容超出原文的范围。2.以偏概全，主次不分。以文章中的细节内容或个别词语做出选项内容。3.移花接木，偷换概念。选项中定语和状语影响语意范围，或者把属于A的内容放在B上。4.主观臆测，无中生有。选项中关键词也在文中提及，但选项的实际含义与文章主题无关。二、段落大意题两大抓手1.寻找段落主题句解答段落大意题的关键是抓住段落的主题句。一般而言，每个段落总有一个中心，通常中心思想会在首句或尾句体现出来，这就是常说的段落主题句。总体来说，采用归纳法的段落，细节表述在前，归纳概括在后，主题句在段尾；采用演绎法的段落，先提出观点，后举例子，由一般到特殊，主题句出现在段首，这种现象较多出现在说明文和议论文中；若作者采用“特殊→一般→特殊”的方式，主题句可能出现在段落的中间。有时，作者没有写出明显的主题句，考生要学会根据段落的内容概括出主题句。2.确定段落关键词段落中反复出现的词汇一般就是段落关键词，往往需要出现在正确选项中。三、段落大意题思维导图真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分技巧和应试思维！(2024新课标I卷第26题)“Iamnotcrazy,”saysDr.WilliamFarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(针灸)onarabbit.“Iamaheadofmytime.”Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe’llhavethelastlaugh.He’soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(兽医)nowpracticing“holistic”medicine–combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩疗法)andherbalmedicine.Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfromterriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.LeighTindale’sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber’streatmentseasedherdog’ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropracticadjustment.Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.“Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell,”hesays.“Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.That’smyjob.”24.WhatdosomeofFarber’scoworkersthinkofhim?A.He’sodd. B.He’sstrict. C.He’sbrave. D.He’srude.25.WhydidFarberdecidetotryacupunctureonpets?A.Hewastrainedinitatuniversity.B.Hewasinspiredbyanotherveterinarian.C.Hebenefitedfromitasapatient.D.Hewantedtosavemoneyforpetowners.26.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Stepsofachiropractictreatment.B.Thecomplexityofveterinarians’work.C.Examplesofrareanimaldiseases.D.Theeffectivenessofholisticmedicine.27.WhydoestheauthormentiontheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?A.ToproveFarber’spoint. B.Toemphasizeitsimportance.C.Topraiseveterinarians. D.Toadvocateanimalprotection.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.A【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(WilliamFarber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。24.细节理解题。根据第一段的“Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.(如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。)”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。25.细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。26.主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“LeighTindale’sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber’streatmentseasedherdog’ssufferingsomuchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropracticadjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(PriscillaDewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。)”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。27.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.(法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩！练技能，补漏洞，提分数，强信心！【01】（24-25高三上·河南安阳·期中）Thesportoftennishasaproblemwithwastethatmanyplayersdonotevenrecognizeeachtimetheyopenanewcontainerofgameballs.Majorprofessionaltenniscompetitionsgothroughnearly100,000ballsduringtwoweeksofplay.Almostallofthe330millionballsproducedeachyearendupinwasteasgarbageinlandfills.Oncethere,itcantakeaslongas400yearsfortheballstobreakdown.Tennisisincrediblyenvironmentally-destructivebecausetheballsarenotrecyclable.Theballs’outersoftlayer,calledthefelt(毛毡),isstronglyattachedtoasoftcenter.Thefeltisacombinationofwoolandnylonwhichcannotberecycled.Inaddition,thecenteroftop-levelballsismadewithrubberfromrubbertrees.Rubberharvestingmenacesforestsandbiodiversity.Oncetheballsareproduced,theyarepackagedinthickplasticoraluminumcontainerswithametallidandaplasticcap.Companieswillintentionallyusenon-recyclableplasticbecausetherecyclablekindwillleakpressure.Aftertheballshavebeenproducedandpackaged,theywillgetshippedallaroundtheworld.Thisseriesofeventswillrelease1.2poundsofcarbonemissionsperball.TheInternationalTennisFederation(ITF)isagoverningbodyofprofessionaltennis.LastyeartheITFbroughttogetherproducers,tennisofficialsandrecyclerstobeginworkingonthetennisballissue,lookingforsolutions.Andsomestepshavebeentakentoreduceandreuseballs.Currently,professionalplayerschangetoanewsetofballsafterthefirstsevengamesandthenaftereveryninegames.Individualusedballssometimesbecomeplaythingsfordogsorarereusedinothersmallways.Hugenumbersofusedballscanalsobecrushed(碾压)topiecesforuseasbuildingmaterial,likeflooring.However,itisalongwaytogotoenjoyanenvironment-friendlytennismatch.1.Whyarethefiguresofballslistedinparagraph1?A.Tostresstheirharmtotheenvironment.B.Tostatedisapprovalofthesportrules.C.Toindicatehowpopulartennisis.D.Tosuggestavoidingplayingtennis.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“menaces”inparagraph2mean?A.Threatens. B.Enriches. C.Benefits. D.Removes.3.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Plansmadeforthefuture.B.Effortstakentosolvetheproblem.C.Organizationsfoundedtoworkontheissue.D.Resolutionsadoptedtoimprovethequality.4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothefutureuseofeco-friendlytennisballs?A.Doubtful. B.Dismissive. C.Objective. D.Unclear.【答案】1.A2.A3.B4.C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了网球造成的环境污染问题以及目前所做的努力。1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段提到“Majorprofessionaltenniscompetitionsgothroughnearly100,000ballsduringtwoweeksofplay.Almostallofthe330millionballsproducedeachyearendupinwasteasgarbageinlandfills.Oncethere,itcantakeaslongas400yearsfortheballstobreakdown.(在为期两周的重大职业网球比赛中，会使用近10万个球。每年生产的3.3亿个球中，几乎所有的球最终都会被当作垃圾填埋场的废物。一旦到了那里，这些球要分解可能需要长达400年的时间。)”可知，作者在第一段列出球的数字是为了强调这些球被浪费掉之后，对环境造成了极大的危害。故选A。2.词句猜测题。根据上文“Tennisisincrediblyenvironmentally-destructivebecausetheballsarenotrecyclable.Theballs’outersoftlayer,calledthefelt(毛毡),isstronglyattachedtoasoftcenter.Thefeltisacombinationofwoolandnylonwhichcannotberecycled.Inaddition,thecenteroftop-levelballsismadewithrubberfromrubbertrees.(网球对环境具有极大的破坏性，因为网球不可回收。网球外层柔软的材质被称为毛毡，它与球心紧密结合。毛毡是由羊毛和尼龙混合制成，无法回收。此外，顶级网球的球心是由橡胶树橡胶制成。)”可知，网球是会破坏环境的，网球核是由橡胶制成的，大量砍伐橡胶树会威胁到森林和物种多样性。由此可推知，menaces意为“威胁”。故选A。3.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“LastyeartheITFbroughttogetherproducers,tennisofficialsandrecyclerstobeginworkingonthetennisballissue,lookingforsolutions.Andsomestepshavebeentakentoreduceandreuseballs.(去年，国际网球联合会将生产商、网球官员和回收商聚集在一起，开始着手解决网球的问题，寻找解决方案。已经采取了一些措施来减少和再利用网球。)”可知，本段主要讲述为解决网球的问题所做的努力。故选B。4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However,itisalongwaytogotoenjoyanenvironment-friendlytennismatch.(然而，要享受一场环保的网球比赛还有很长的路要走。)”可推知，作者对未来使用环保网球是持客观态度的。故选C。【02】（24-25高三上·山东青岛·期中）At75yearsold,GedaQawlafindshimselfforgettingmoreandmorewords:thenamesoftreesortypesofbird.AsoneofjustfiveremainingspeakersofOngota,hegetsfewopportunitiestospeakhismothertongue.ThedeclineofthisEthiopiantongueisasmallpartofagloballinguisticcrisis.Currently,alanguagedieseverytwoweeks.Ifthistrendcontinues,halfofthe7,000languagesspokentodaycouldgosilentbytheendofthiscentury.Mostatriskarethe50percentoflanguagesthatlackawrittenform,andthosethatarespokenby10,000peopleorfewer.Thebiggestdriversaretechnologyandglobalisation.Asregionsbecomemoreinterconnected,speakersofsmallerlanguagesarecomingunderpressuretodroptheirmothertongueinfavourofbiggerlanguages.Increasinglevelsofmigrationalsoplayarole,cuttingspeakersofffromtheirnativelanguagesandforcingthemtoadoptnewones.Somelanguageshavebeenbroughtbackfromtheextinction.Theselanguageswerethesubjectsofdecades-long“revitalisationprogrammes”,involvingsustainedinvestmentsinschools,mediaandevenroadsigns.Formostlanguages,however,therearefewresourcesforthis,includingOngota.ResearchersatnearbyArbaMinchUniversityareworkingonadictionaryoftheOngotalanguageinthehopeofpreservingit.Severalyoung,educatedOngotaarealsokeentopreservethelanguage.TheseincludeWorroMolle,25,acivilservantinthenearbytown,whoistryingtolearnitbyhimselfwiththeaidofanoldhandbook.“Thislanguageispartofme,”hesaid.ForSavà,theItaliananthropologist,thedisappearanceofOngotawouldbeatragedy.“Whenyoulosealanguage,youlosearichness,avisionoftheworldthatiscompletelyunique.”1.WhattroublesGedaabouttheOngotalanguage?A.Helacksenoughlanguagepractice. B.Thelanguagehasnewchangesinwords.C.Fewwanttolearnthelanguagefromhim. D.Itisforbiddentousethelanguageinpublic.2.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Whatlanguagesrequireprotection. B.Howtechnologychangeslanguages.C.Measurestopreserveendangeredlanguages. D.Reasonsforthedeclineofsmallerlanguages.3.WhatdoesWorroMollethinkoftheOngotalanguage?A.Itisinvaluable. B.Ithasabrightfuture.C.Itisdifficulttolearn. D.Itrequirespromoting.4.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Tointroduceamanwithararelanguage. B.Tostresstherichnessofworldlanguages.C.Toexploreasocialphenomenonoflanguages. D.Topresentaresearchonalanguageprogramme.【答案】1.A2.D3.A4.C【导语】本文为一篇说明文，说明了小语种逐渐消亡的现象，分析了背后的原因及急需语言复兴的需要。1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“At75yearsold,GedaQawlafindshimselfforgettingmoreandmorewords:thenamesoftreesortypesofbird.AsoneofjustfiveremainingspeakersofOngota,hegetsfewopportunitiestospeakhismothertongue.(75岁的GedaQawla发现自己忘记了越来越多的单词：树的名字或鸟类的种类。作为说Ongota语仅存的五人之一，他很少有机会说自己的母语)”可知，Geda缺乏足够的语言Ongota练习的场合，导致自己忘记了越来越多的单词。故选A。2.主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Thebiggestdriversaretechnologyandglobalisation.Asregionsbecomemoreinterconnected,speakersofsmallerlanguagesarecomingunderpressuretodroptheirmothertongueinfavourofbiggerlanguages.Increasinglevelsofmigrationalsoplayarole,cuttingspeakersofffromtheirnativelanguagesandforcingthemtoadoptnewones.(最大的驱动力是技术和全球化。随着各地区之间的联系越来越紧密，使用小语种的人正面临着放弃母语、转而使用大语种的压力。不断增加的移民水平也起到了一定的作用，他们脱离了自己的母语，被迫采用新的语言)”可知，本段说明了小语种衰落的原因。故选D。3.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ResearchersatnearbyArbaMinchUniversityareworkingonadictionaryoftheOngotalanguageinthehopeofpreservingit.Severalyoung,educatedOngotaarealsokeentopreservethelanguage.TheseincludeWorroMolle,25,acivilservantinthenearbytown,whoistryingtolearnitbyhimselfwiththeaidofanoldhandbook.“Thislanguageispartofme,”hesaid.(附近的ArbaMinch大学的研究人员正在研究一本昂戈塔语词典，希望能保存它。一些受过良好教育的年轻昂戈塔人也热衷于保护这门语言。这其中就包括附近城镇25岁的公务员WorroMolle，他正试图借助一本旧手册自学昂戈塔语。“这种语言是我的一部分，”他说)”可知，WorroMolle认为这门语言是自己的一部分，他正在努力自学并进行语言的保护，所以他觉得它是极为宝贵的。故选A。4.推理判断题。根据文章全文尤其是第二段“ThedeclineofthisEthiopiantongueisasmallpartofagloballinguisticcrisis.Currently,alanguagedieseverytwoweeks.Ifthistrendcontinues,halfofthe7,000languagesspokentodaycouldgosilentbytheendofthiscentury.(这种埃塞俄比亚语的衰落只是全球语言危机的一小部分。目前，每两周就有一门语言消亡。如果这一趋势继续下去，到本世纪末，目前使用的7000种语言中有一半可能会消失)”可知，本文说明了小语种逐渐消亡的现象，分析了背后的原因及急需复兴的需要，因此，本文探索了一种语言的社会现象。故选C。【03】（24-25高三上·山西忻州·期中）OnSeptember9,2024,ApplereleaseditslatestiPhone16seriesataneventcalled“It’sGlowtime”.Attheevent,TimCook,thecompany’sCEO,playedupthepromiseofthephones’AIfeaturesinapre-recordedvideo.Indeed,thedemonstrationseemedimpressive.WhenCookpointedthecameraatarestaurant,theAIassistantSiricouldtellhimwhatwasonthemenu.Italsocouldanswerhisquestionsfairlywellandlearnabouttheusersfromtheirinteractionswiththeirdevices.Forinstance,Siricouldknowifauser’smotherwascallingandactedappropriately.AppleisoneofmanyfirmsthatwanttotakeAIbeyondhugedatacentres,knownasthecloud,andrunitonsmallerdevices,knownastheedge.Samsung,Apple’smajorcompetitor,launcheditsGalaxyS24withsomeAIfeaturesearlierthisyear.SodidMicrosoft,whichhaslaunchedWindowsPCsdesignedforAI.Buttheireffortshaveshownthatitisnoteasytoshiftcloud-basedAImodelstotheedgedevices.Atpresent,cloud-basedAImodelsaremostlytrainedongraphicsprocessingunits(GPUs)thatconsumesomuchenergythatitcantakeanuclear-powerplanttofuelthem.Theyalsoneedhugeamountsofmemoryanddata.Allthesecancosthundredsofmillionsofdollars.Evenoncetheyaretrained,runningtheseAImodelsiscostly.Accordingtooneestimate,itcostsOpenAI,themakerofChatGPT,36centseverytimesomeoneasksitsAImodelaquestion.Companiesareexperimentingwithvarioussolutionstotheseproblems.Applewillofferon-deviceAItodealwiththeeasiesttasks,butsendtrickierproblemstothefirm’sprivatecloud.Theservicewilldirectthemostdifficultrequeststothird-partymodelssuchasChatGPT.Butevensuchsmalleron-deviceAImodelsrequirealotofcomputingpowertorun,whichputshugestressontheedgedevices’batteries.“Makingthetechnologyworkcouldnotonlystartasupercycleindevicesales,butalsocreatenewopportunitiesforappsanddigitaladvertising,”saysNeilShahofCounterpoint,aresearchfirm.“Butforthemoment,edgedevicesarebarelyreadyforbasicfunctions,letaloneGlowtime.”1.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.TheGlowtimeevent. B.iPhone16’sAIfeatures.C.TimCook’sperformance. D.ThefutureofAIphones.2.WhyareSamsungandMicrosoftmentionedinthetext?A.Totellreadershowbadcompetitioncanbe.B.TowarnAppleofthepotentialconsequences.C.Tocomparetheirnewlyreleasededgedevices.D.ToshowhowharditistoapplyAItoedgedevices.3.Whatistheproblemwithcloud-basedAImodels?A.OpenAIchargestoomuchmoney.B.AllofthemhavetobetrainedonGPUs.C.Itistooexpensivetotrainandrunthem.D.Theycanonlydealwiththeeasiesttasks.4.WhatdoesNeilShahmostprobablyimply?A.iPhone16isboundtodisappointitsusers.B.AIphones’successwilldependonnewapps.C.SalesofAIphoneswillincreasegreatlysoon.D.TimCookwasnothonestwiththeAIfeatures.【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要分析了iPhone16存在的技术问题。1.主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“WhenCookpointedthecameraatarestaurant,theAIassistantSiricouldtellhimwhatwasonthemenu.Italsocouldanswerhisquestionsfairlywellandlearnabouttheusersfromtheirinteractionswiththeirdevices.Forinstance,Siricouldknowifauser’smotherwascallingandactedappropriately.(当库克将摄像头对准一家餐厅时，人工智能助手Siri可以告诉他菜单上有什么。它还可以很好地回答他的问题，并从用户与设备的互动中了解用户。例如，Siri可以知道用户的母亲是否在打电话，并做出适当的反应)”可知，本段主要介绍了iPhone已经具备的AI功能。故选B。2.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Samsung,Apple’smajorcompetitor,launcheditsGalaxyS24withsomeAIfeaturesearlierthisyear.SodidMicrosoft,whichhaslaunchedWindowsPCsdesignedforAI.Buttheireffortshaveshownthatitisnoteasytoshiftcloud-basedAImodelstotheedgedevices.(今年早些时候，苹果的主要竞争对手三星推出了带有一些人工智能功能的GalaxyS24。微软（Microsoft）也是如此，它推出了专为人工智能设计的WindowsPCs。但它们的努力表明，将基于云的人工智能模型转移到边缘设备并不容易)”可知，文章提及三星和微软是为了展示将人工智能应用于边缘设备有多么困难。故选D。3.细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Allthesecancosthundredsofmillionsofdollars.Evenoncetheyaretrained,runningtheseAImodelsiscostly.(所有这些都可能耗资数亿美元。即使训练有素，运行这些人工智能模型也是昂贵的)”可知，培训和运行基于云的人工智能模型价格昂贵，这是一个问题。故选C。4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Butforthemoment,edgedevicesarebarelyreadyforbasicfunctions,letaloneGlowtime.(但就目前而言，边缘设备的基本功能还不完善，更不用说Glowtime了)”及第一段“OnSeptember9,2024,ApplereleaseditslatestiPhone16seriesataneventcalled“It’sGlowtime”.Attheevent,TimCook,thecompany’sCEO,playedupthepromiseofthephones’AIfeaturesinapre-recordedvideo.(2024年9月9日，苹果在名为“It'sGlowtime”的活动上发布了最新的iPhone16系列。在发布会上，苹果首席执行官蒂姆•库克（TimCook）在一段预先录制的视频中强调了这款手机的人工智能功能)”可知，NeilShah认为苹果16的人工智能技术还不完善，所以苹果16用户会失望。故选A。【04】（24-25高三上·山东济南·期中）Amanridesatfullspeedonasingle-wheeledbike,leaningbackonaseatfixedabovearecycledtyre(轮胎)asheperformswheelie(杂技).ThismachineisjustoneofmanycrazyinventionsfromMakeItExtreme,aYouTubechannelrunbyMichaelMavrosandGeorgeShiailis,twobestfriendswhouseoldmaterialstocreateuniqueandinnovativemechanicalprojects.ThepartnersofthisDIYdesignmaketheinventionstopromotethejoysofmechanicalengineeringandinspirecreativityinothers.OnMakeItExtreme,theytransformeverydayobjectsandvehiclesintoextremeversionsofthemselves,pushingcreativeboundariesintheprocess.Theybuildanddesigntheirprojects,filmandedittheentireprocess,thenfinallyshowcasetheresults.“Bypassionatelycraftingfurniture,engines,tools,toysandvehicleswhileusingourimagination,wetrytoofferinnovativesolutionstovariousmechanicalchallenges,”explainsMavros,“We’vesharedthispassionsinceourearlyyears,andnow,throughourchannel,weshareitwithmillionsofotherpeopleinaneasilyunderstandableway.”Forits100thvideo,MakeItExtremeintroducedtheMonotrackbike,constructedentirelyfromrecycledandoldmaterials.Theyutilizeda100cctwo-strokeenginefromanoldscooter(摩托车),cuttingthesidewallsofausedcartyreandfittingitaroundarecycledmotor.Thebikereflectstheircommitmenttosustainabilityandcreativity,purelyforthejoyandcuriosityitbrings.“TheideafortheMonotrackbikecamefromanoldwartimephotowherewesawasimilarvehicle,”saysMavros,“Ourcreationsareofteninspiredbythingswe’veencounteredbefore.Forexample,theMonowheel,whereapersonsitsinsideahugewheel,wasinspiredbysimilarvehiclesfromdecadesago,andourtankchairstemmedfromtheideaofcreatinganaccessibleadventurevehicleforpeoplewithlimitedmobility.”MakeItExtremenowhasalmosttwomillionsubscriberswhoareeagertotuneineverymonthtoseethepartners’latestinvention.AndMavrospromisesthat2024willseethemcreatetheirmostdaringprojectyet.1.WhydoMavrosandShiailisrunMakeItExtreme?A.Tomakeprofits. B.Toearnpopularity. C.Todevelophobby. D.Toawakeninnovation.2.Whatdowethinkoftheirinventionsaccordingtoparagraph5?A.Practical. B.Eco-friendly. C.Costly. D.Convenient.3.Whatisparagraph6mainlyabout?A.Whytheoldthingswereused. B.WheretheMonowheelwasfound.C.Whattheirinspirationsoriginatedfrom. D.HowtheMonotrackbikewasinvented.4.WhatcanwelearnfromMavrosandShiailisinthetext?A.Nothingisimpossible. B.Onegoodturndeservesanother.C.Arollingstonegathersnomoss. D.Constantdrippingwearsawaythestone.【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.A【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了MichaelMavros和GeorgeShiailis在YouTube上开设频道MakeItExtreme，展示使用旧材料创造出的独特而创新的机械项目，他们想发明来促进机械工程的乐趣，并激发其他人的创造力。1.细节理解题。根据第二段“ThepartnersofthisDIYdesignmaketheinventionstopromotethejoysofmechanicalengineeringandinspirecreativityinothers.(这个DIY设计的合作伙伴通过发明来促进机械工程的乐趣，并激发其他人的创造力。)”可推知，Mavros和Shiailis经营MakeItExtreme是为了唤醒创新。故选D项。2.推理判断题。根据第五段中“Forits100thvideo,MakeItExtremeintroducedtheMonotrackbike,constructedentirelyfromrecycledandoldmaterials.(在其第100个视频中，MakeItExtreme介绍了Monotrack自行车，完全由回收和旧材料制成。)”可推知，他们的发明是环保的。故选B项。3.主旨大意题。根据第六段““TheideafortheMonotrackbikecamefromanoldwartimephotowherewesawasimilarvehicle,”saysMavros,“Ourcreationsareofteninspiredbythingswe’veencounteredbefore.Forexample,theMonowheel,whereapersonsitsinsideahugewheel,wasinspiredbysimilarvehiclesfromdecadesago,andourtankchairstemmedfromtheideaofcreatinganaccessibleadventurevehicleforpeoplewithlimitedmobility.”(‘单轨自行车的想法来自于一张战时的旧照片，我们在那里看到了一辆类似的车辆。Mavros说：‘我们的创作灵感往往来自于我们以前遇到过的东西。例如，Monowheel，一个人坐在一个巨大的轮子里，灵感来自几十年前的类似车辆，而我们的坦克椅源于为行动不便的人创造一种方便的冒险车的想法。’)”可知，第六段主要讲的是他们的灵感来源。故选C项。4.推理判断题。根据第三段“OnMakeItExtreme,theytransformeverydayobjectsandvehiclesintoextremeversionsofthemselves,pushingcreativeboundariesintheprocess.(在MakeItextreme中，他们把日常用品和交通工具变成了自己的极端版本，在这个过程中突破了创造性的界限。)”、最后一段“MakeItExtremenowhasalmosttwomillionsubscriberswhoareeagertotuneineverymonthtoseethepartners’latestinvention.AndMavrospromisesthat2024willseethemcreatetheirmostdaringprojectyet.(MakeItExtreme现在有近200万用户，他们每个月都渴望收看这两位合作伙伴的最新发明。Mavros承诺，2024年他们将创造出迄今为止最大胆的项目。)”以及结合文章内容可知，文章主要说明了MichaelMavros和GeorgeShiailis使用旧材料创造出独特而创新的机械项目，在创造的过程中，他们突破了创造的极限，从他们身上，我们可以学习到“没有什么事不可能的”。故选A项。【05】（24-25高三上·湖南·阶段练习）SomewhereinCalifornia,justupahillfromthebeachisahighschool,wherestudentswillmeetbeforetravelingtoneighboringSanClementeHighSchoolonaSaturdayfora2-milewalktoraisemoneytobuildawellinaKenyanvillage.MostKenyanslivewherecleanwaterishardtoaccess.Thegoodnewsisthatwaterthatfallsintherainyseasonisstoredfarunderground,sometimesasdeepas900feet.Butbringingittothesurfacecanbeachallenge.Sometimes,itrequiresheavy-dutyequipment.Shallowerwellsarelesscostlybutstillrequiremanpowerandtechnologytowork.Asinglewellcansupplywatertoanentirevillage,andthiscanbelife-changing.WeeksbeforethefirstannualHealingHandsforWaterWalkFundraisereventin2012,studentswalkedinthebeachtownandaskedfordonationsfrombusinesses.Theycoveredalotmoredistancethanthe2milestheywouldcoverduringtheeventasstudentorganizersBrannerGrimsley,KlaraGundelachandSolveigErngrenpoundedontheboardwalk.“ButitwasworthittomakeadifferencebyhelpingthesepeopleinAfrica,”Grimsleysaid.Standingontheboardwalkandlookingoutoverthesandtothehorizonandbeyond,youcanseealifelinereachingfromafewdedicatedkidstoasimilargroupofkidsinanAfricanvillage.Theconnectionwashardtoimagineatfirstbutnowseemssoreal.Studentsonbothsidesoftheworldwalkunderthesamesun.Onotherdays,theywouldhavedifferentplacestogo,buttoday,theywalkforthesamereason:tosharethebondofbeingonehumanfamily.InanotherKenyanvillage,awellwascompleted.Asthevillagersexcitedlyoperatedthehandpump,theanticipationbuilt.Withinminutes,atrickleofcleanwaterflowed,thenagush.Itwasamiracleinsuchadryvillage.Bucketswerefilled,andchildrensplashedwater.Thetearsofjoyflowedaseasilyasthewellwater.1.WhatcanweknowaboutbuildingwellsinKenyafromparagraph2?A.It’scostlyanduseless. B.It’seasyandinterestingC.It’schallengingbutcheap D.It’sdifficultbutworthwhile.2.Whydoesparagraph4mentiontheconnection?A.Topraisetheevent’sparticipants.B.Toshowthedifficultyoftheevent.C.Tosharethebondofthehumanfamily.D.Tohighlightthesignificanceoftheevent.3.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theexcitementofbuildingawell.B.Therequirementforcompletingawell.C.Thejoyoussightofdrawingwaterfromawell.D.Thequalityofthewaterfromalocalvillage’swell.4.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.FromtheBeachtoKenyaB.Students’WalkontheBeachC.WalkingtoaNeighboringSchoolD.Kenya’sStruggleforCleanWater【答案】1.D2.D3.C4.A【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了加利福尼亚州一所高中的学生们一场2英里的步行活动，从而为肯尼亚一个村庄建造水井筹集资金。1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thegoodnewsisthatwaterthatfallsintherainyseasonisstoredfarunderground,sometimesasdeepas900feet.Butbringingittothesurfacecanbeachallenge.Sometimes,itrequiresheavy-dutyequipment.Shallowerwellsarelesscostlybutstillrequiremanpowerandtechnologytowork.Asinglewellcansupplywatertoanentirevillage,andthiscanbelife-changing.(好消息是，雨季降下的雨水会被储存在地下深处，有时深达900英尺。但将这些水带到地表却是一项挑战。有时，这需要重型设备。较浅的水井成本较低，但仍需人力和技术来运作。一口水井就能为整个村庄供水，而这可能会彻底改变他们的生活。)”可知，将地下水带到地表可能是有挑战性的，但一口水井就能为整个村庄供水，可能会彻底改变他们的生活，这表明尽管有困难，但建井是值得的。故选D。2.推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theconnectionwashardtoimagineatfirstbutnowseemssoreal.Studentsonbothsidesoftheworldwalkunderthesamesun.Onotherdays,theywouldhavedifferentplacestogo,buttoday,theywalkforthesamereason:tosharethebondofbeingonehumanfamily.(起初这种联系很难想象，但现在却显得如此真实。世界各地的学生们都在同一个太阳下行走。在其他日子里，他们可能会去不同的地方，但今天，他们为了同一个原因而行走：分享作为人类大家庭的一员之间的纽带。)”可知，文中提到这种联系虽然起初难以想象，但现在却显得非常真实和重要。接着提到学生们为了同一个原因而行走，这突出了活动的重要性和其带来的深远影响，即连接了不同地方的人们，共同为改善他人生活而努力。故选D。3.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“InanotherKenyanvillage,awellwascompleted.Asthevillagersexcitedlyoperatedthehandpump,theanticipationbuilt.Withinminutes,atrickleofcleanwaterflowed,thenagush.Itwasamiracleinsuchadryvillage.Bucketswerefilled,andchildrensplashedwater.Thetearsofjoyflowed