专题15 祈使句与感叹句-【决胜春考】春季高考英语冲刺总复习（广东小高考专用）

专题15祈使句与感叹句◆祈使句一、定义表示愿望、命令、请求、警告、禁止等语气的句子。主语一般是you，通常省略，以动词原形开头。二、结构1．肯定结构（1）Do型（动词原形开头）Sitdown，please.请坐下。Goandwashyourhands.去洗手。【注意】：有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。如：Thisway，please.＝Gothiswayplease.请这边走。（2）Be型（Be+形容词）Bepatient！耐心点。Bequiet，please！请安静。（3）Let型（Let＋宾格＋动原）Lethimgo.让他走Let'sgo.我们走吧。2．否定结构：(1)Don’tdo型／Don’tbe型Don'tgothisway.不要走这条路。Don'tbesad.不要伤心。（2）Let宾格notdosth／Don'tlet宾格dosthLetusnotsayanythingaboutthat.我们别说那件事情了。Don'tletthemplaywiththefire.不要让他们玩火。（3）有些可用no／never开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。Nosmoking！禁止吸烟！Nevergothatway！禁止走那条路。三、祈使句的答语：回答祈使句时，要用一般将来时，肯定回答：“Yes，Iwill.”；否定回答用“Sorry，Iwon't.”。例子：---Don'ttakephotos？---Sorry,Iwon't.---Remembertotakephotos.---Yes,Iwill.综合练习：1．John,yourheadtofindoutsolutions,please.A.UsingB.UsedC.UsesD.Use2．upnoworwe'llbelateforthebus.A.GetsB.GetC.TogetD.Getting3．Becky,thecar!Anoldmaniswaitingtocrosstheroad.A.stopsB.stopC.don'tstopD.doesn'tstop4．climbthetree.Itisdangerous.A.Doesn'tB.NotC.Don'tD.Isn't5．yourumbrella,oryouwillcatchacoldonrainyday.A.TakeB.TotakeC.TakingD.Takes6．---dressednow!Wehavetogointenminutes.---OK,Mom.A.GettingB.GetC.TogetD.Gets7．tosmileatyourlifewhenyouareintrouble,andyouwillsoonbehappyagain.A.TryB.TotryC.TryingD.Tried8．playbasketballinthestreetnexttime.Youmaygethitbyacar.A.DoB.Don'tC.MustD.Mustn't9．Let'ssayanythingaboutit.A.doesn’tB.noC.don’tD.not10．Gowashyourhands.A.whileB.orC.andD.but参考答案1-5DBBCA6-10BABDC◆感叹句一、定义表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫感叹句，句末用感叹号。二、结构感叹句由How或者what来引导，译为“多么……”（一）How引导的1．How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语（be动词）！Howbeautifulyouare！你多么好看啊！2．How＋副词＋主语＋谓语（行为动词）！Howfastheran！他跑得多快啊！3．How＋句子Howtimeflies！时间飞快啊！（二）What引导的1．What＋a／an＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语（be）！Whatafatcatitis！多么胖的一只猫啊！Whatanhonestmanheis！多么诚实的一个男人啊！2．What＋形容词＋不可数名词／可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！Whatfreshairitis！多么新鲜的空气啊！Whatcutecatstheyare！多么可爱的猫猫们啊！【注意】：感叹句往往省略主语和谓语。例如：Whatfreshair!＝Whatfreshairitis！多么新鲜的空气啊！三、判断选择how还是what的方法--------“一找二切三判断”一找：找到主谓二切：在主语前分开；三判断：主语前是形容词或副词，则用how；若是名词，则用what【注意】：如果发现没有主语和谓语，说明省略了，直接看最后一个单词。综合练习：一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。1．difficulthomeworkwehadyesterday!2．cutedogitis!3．interestingthestoryis!4．badtheweatherinLondonis!5．honestboyheis!6．goodtimewehad!7．excitingnewsyou'vebroughttous!8．coolyournewcaris!二、选择填空。1．fasttheboyran!A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan2．wellyousing!A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan3．deliciousthecakeis!A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan4．foolishtheywere!A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan5．difficultquestionstheyare!Ican'tanswerthem.A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan6lovelyweatherwearehavingthesedays!A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan7．beautifulyournewdressis!A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan8．interestingworkitis!A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan9．lovelygirlsheis!A.HowB.WhataC.WhatD.Whatan10．canyoube