中考英语二轮复习重难点题型突破课件：题型二还原型阅读理解

第三部分题型二还原型阅读理解考情分析解题步骤

一般情况下，该题型设空位置有三种：段首，段中，段尾。设空位置不同，句子的功能及所使用的方法不同：◆设空在段首，一般有以下三种情况：(1)是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。(2)与后文是并列、转折或因果等关系。着重阅读后文第一句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常设空处所填句子与空后的第

一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种衔接关系。(3)是段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后，即阅读上一段结尾部分，并结合下一段内容，看所选答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。解题方法◆设空在段中，一般在文中起承上启下的作用，可采取以下方法：

重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们的逻辑关系，或者根据意义的连贯性，得出答案；如果没有把握，再分析该段的主题。因为段落主题确定后，所有的句子和词都是围绕该主题进行阐述的。◆设空在段尾，一般有以下四种情况：(1)通常是总结、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论和总结

等的信号词(组)，如so，asaresult，inshort，inaword等，选项中也可能会出现前文的同义词(句)。(2)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的连接词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立或对比关系。(3)与前文是并列或递进关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补充说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则应在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词。通常在选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的连接词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。(4)与后文是承接关系。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑设空处与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能在选项中找到相关信息。依据不同设空位置与前后语境，灵活运用以下方法选出答案：方法1：词汇复现法

词汇复现主要包括同词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、近义表达语复现等。考生可以细读六个选项，找出关键词，再去原文中查读相对应的关键词，关键词在文中通常出现在空格处的上句或下句，由此可初步确定答案。方法2：代词线索法

代词指代前后句中的内容，包括人称、地点、名词及名词短语。巧妙利用代词的指代关系和代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。方法3：逻辑关系法

在答题过程中，我们需要根据句子在文章中的位置联系上下文，梳理句子间的逻辑关系，从而正确答题。能表明句与句之间、层与层之间联系的连接词(组)包含以下几种：逻辑关系标志词(组)因果关系because，for，since，therefore，as，so，forthisreason，asaresult等并列/递进关系and，or，aswellas，notonly…butalso…，ontheonehand…ontheotherhand，besides，also，even，inaddition，what'smore，first，second，third，firstly，secondly，thirdly，next，then等转折、让步关系though，although，evenif，however，instead，while，still，eventhough，yet等解释、例证关系suchas，forexample，inotherwords，thatis(tosay)，itmeans…，infact等[2024其他市、州]真题剖析Askingforadviceisnotsoeasy.Inarecentstudy，74percentofpeoplesaidtheywereafraidtoaskforadvice.Butpeoplewhoaskforadvicearemorelikelytosucceedatatask.Sohowdoyouaskforadvice?1逻辑关系推断法：空处位于段尾，是段落间的过渡句。空前句询问如何寻求建议，下文内容均为寻求建议的方式，猜测空处应是引出寻求建议的方式。A．Probablynot.B．Theanswerisyes!C．Herearesomewaysforyou.D．Whatadvicedoyouhaveforme?E．Youshouldalsoconsiderwhentoask.F．Sometimesyoumayneedtoaskforasecondopinion.•Lookforthebestpersontogiveyouadvice.Itmightbeeasytoaskallyourfriendsonsocialmediaforadviceatonce，butwillyouvaluealltheadviceequally(同等地)?

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Itmightbebettertochooseoneortwopeoplewhoseopinionsyouvaluemost.Ideally(最理想的是)，youcanaskforadvicefrompeoplewhohaveexperienceinthetopicyou’reaskingabout.

逻辑关系推断法：空处位于段中，承上启下。空前句询问是否会同等地衡量所有的建议，空后句说明选择一两个人的建议就好，猜测空处应是表示否定的句型。A．Probablynot.B．Theanswerisyes!C．Herearesomewaysforyou.D．Whatadvicedoyouhaveforme?E．Youshouldalsoconsiderwhentoask.F．Sometimesyoumayneedtoaskforasecondopinion.•Provideenoughinformationclearly.Forexample，imagineyoucan'tdecidehowtoorganizeaclubactivity.Whenyouaskforadvice，youshouldmentionthetopic，theplaceandthetime.3

Ifyourquestionsrequirealotofthought，youshouldaskthepersonforadvicewhenheorsheisclear-headed.逻辑关系推断法：空处位于段中，空前句说明寻求建议应该提供的信息，空后句说明当询问的问题需要深入思考时，应该在对方思维清晰的时候进行询问，猜测空处与前一句为递进关系，且与寻求建议的时间相关。A．Probablynot.B．Theanswerisyes!C．Herearesomewaysforyou.D．Whatadvicedoyouhaveforme?E．Youshouldalsoconsiderwhentoask.F．Sometimesyoumayneedtoaskforasecondopinion.•Bespecific(具体的)whenyouaskquestions.Imagineyouwanttoownabusinesssomeday.Doyouaskabusinessowner，“

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”No，becauseit'snotspecificenough.Instead，tryasking，“Whatcollegeclassesdidyoufindhelpfulforstartingabusiness？”逻辑关系推断法：空处位于段中，且在引号中，根据空前的“ask”、空后的“Instead”和空后引号中的内容，猜测空处应是问句，且与空后引号中的问句构成对比。A．Probablynot.B．Theanswerisyes!C．Herearesomewaysforyou.D．Whatadvicedoyouhaveforme?E．Youshouldalsoconsiderwhentoask.F．Sometimesyoumayneedtoaskforasecondopinion.•

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Ifyoucan’tsolveyourproblembyfollowingthefirstperson’sadvice，whynotasksomeoneelsewhomaythinkdifferently?Thekeyis:Don’tbeafraidtoaskforadvice.逻辑关系推断法：空处位于段首，根据前三段给出的首句均为主题句，且空后句给出建议是寻求其他人的不同的建议，猜测空处应介绍第四个建议是寻求其他建议。A．Probablynot.B．Theanswerisyes!C．Herearesomewaysforyou.D．Whatadvicedoyouhaveforme?E．Youshouldalsoconsiderwhentoask.F．Sometimesyoumayneedtoaskforasecondopinion.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了寻求建议的四种方式。【参考答案】1-5CAEDFPassage1Areyouan“activecouchpotato(沙发土豆)”？Youcananswerthefollowingtwoquestionsandfindout:Doyouexercisefor30minuteseveryday?1.____题型演练DA．DoyouliketoeatsnackswhilewatchingTV?B．Morethan3,700menandwomentookpartinit.C．Thelessonfromtheresearchisthatweneedtomoveoften.D．Doyouspendtherestofthedaysittinginfrontofascreen?E．Butdoesitmatterhowwespendtheother23andahalfhours?F．Andtheirbloodsugarandbodyfatwerehigherthanthattheyshouldbe.Ifyouansweryestobothquestions,thenyouarean“activecouchpotato”.Itmeansthateventhoughyouexercise,youcouldbeatriskofkindsofhealthproblems.TheWorldHealthOrganizationadvisesustoexerciseforatleast30minutesaday.Andthiscanimproveourhealth.2.____Fewresearchershavetriedtoanswerthequestion.E

A．DoyouliketoeatsnackswhilewatchingTV?B．Morethan3,700menandwomentookpartinit.C．Thelessonfromtheresearchisthatweneedtomoveoften.D．Doyouspendtherestofthedaysittinginfrontofascreen?E．Butdoesitmatterhowwespendtheother23andahalfhours?F．Andtheirbloodsugarandbodyfatwerehigherthanthattheyshouldbe.Later,someFinnishscientistsdidnewresearch.3.____Theresearchstudiedhowpeoplemove—ordon’tmove—duringtheday.Thescientistsfoundthataboutathirdofthesepeopleexercisedforhalfanhour,butthensatfor10to12hoursaday.Thesepeoplewere“activecouchpotatoes”.4.____Theresultstellusthatifweexerciseforhalfanhourbutthensitfortherestoftheday,it’salmostasifwehadnotexercisedatall.BFA．DoyouliketoeatsnackswhilewatchingTV?B．Morethan3,700menandwomentookpartinit.C．Thelessonfromtheresearchisthatweneedtomoveoften.D．Doyouspendtherestofthedaysittinginfrontofascreen?E．Butdoesitmatterhowwespendtheother23andahalfhours?F．Andtheirbloodsugarandbodyfatwerehigherthanthattheyshouldbe.5.____Justkeepitsimple.Forexample,wecancleanourhousesorclimbthestairs.Wecanalsotrytodoalittlemoreexercise.Inshort,thegoalistositless.Sotrytomovemore,wheneverwecanandinanywaysthatweenjoy.CA．DoyouliketoeatsnackswhilewatchingTV?B．Morethan3,700menandwomentookpartinit.C．Thelessonfromtheresearchisthatweneedtomoveoften.D．Doyouspendtherestofthedaysittinginfrontofascreen?E．Butdoesitmatterhowwespendtheother23andahalfhours?F．Andtheirbloodsugarandbodyfatwerehigherthanthattheyshouldbe.Passage2[2024湖南长沙改编]You’veprobablyheardofbooksthatwillchangeyourlife.AndalotofreadersagreethatthebookAtomic

Habits(《原子习惯》)willmeetyourneeds.JamesClear，whodidalotofresearchonformationofhabits，isthewriterofAtomic

Habits.1.____Ithassoldover15millioncopiesandhasbeentranslatedintomorethan50languages.Andhiswebsitereceivesmillionsofvisitorseachmonth.EA．Whyisitsopopular?B．It’simportantforustohaveagoodhabit.C．Instead,focusonwhoyouwanttobecome.D．Hecallstheserepeatedactions“atomichabits”．E．ThisbookisaNo.1New

York

Timesbestseller.F．Also,itwillgiveyouthetoolsyouneedtochangeyourhabits.2.____That’sbecausethebookintroducesapracticalsystem(系统)forcreatinggoodhabitsandbreakingbadones.ReaderseverywhereareveryinterestedinClear’s“scienceoftinyhabits”．A

A．Whyisitsopopular?B．It’simportantforustohaveagoodhabit.C．Instead,focusonwhoyouwanttobecome.D．Hecallstheserepeatedactions“atomichabits”．E．ThisbookisaNo.1New

York

Timesbestseller.F．Also,itwillgiveyouthetoolsyouneedtochangeyourhabits.Inthebook,thewritersuggeststryingtoget1%bettereachday.Forexample,you’dliketoexercisebutyoudon’tthinkyouhavethetimeorenergy.Clearsuggestsstartingwithtwominutesaday.Overtime,theeffectsofthishabitwillincreaseasyourepeattheactions.3.____“Allbigthingscomefromsmallbeginnings,”saysClear.DA．Whyisitsopopular?B．It’simportantforustohaveagoodhabit.C．Instead,focusonwhoyouwanttobecome.D．Hecallstheserepeatedactions“atomichabits”．E．ThisbookisaNo.1New

York

Timesbestseller.F．Also,itwillgiveyouthetoolsyouneedtochangeyourhabits.Clearcontinueswiththefollowingadvice:Don’tfocuson(聚焦)whatyouwanttoachieve.4.____Forexample,twomenwanttobreakthehabitofsmoking.Whenofferedacigarette(香烟),onesays,“No,thanks.I’mtryingtogiveupsmoking.”Theothersays,“No,thanks.I’mnotasmoker.”WhiletheCA．Whyisitsopopular?B．It’simportantforustohaveagoodhabit.C．Instead,focusonwhoyouwanttobecome.D．Hecallstheserepeatedactions“atomichabits”．E．ThisbookisaNo.1New

York

Timesbestseller.F．Also,itwillgiveyouthetoolsyouneedtochangeyourhabits.firstmanstillseeshimselfasasmoker,thesecondmandoesn’t.Clearsays,“Badhabitswilldiemoreeasilyifyoufocusonwhoyouwanttobecome.”Atomic

Habitswillreshapethewayyouthinkaboutprogressandsuccess.5.____Slowlybutsurely，itwillhaveagreateffectonyourhealth，jobandrelationships.A．Whyisitsopopular?B．It’simportantforustohaveagoodhabit.C．Instead,focusonwhoyouwanttobecome.D．Hecallstheserepeatedactions“atomichabits”．E．ThisbookisaNo.1New

York

Timesbestseller.F．Also,itwillgiveyouthetoolsyouneedtochangeyourhabits.FPassage3It’ssummer,soit’sagreattimetobeoutdoors.Onewayofenjoyingthefreshairistoattendamusicfestival.Thereyoucanenjoyseeingyourfavoritemusiciansperform.1.____Thereareotheractivitiestoenjoy.Andofcourse,it’sachancetospendtimewithyourfriends.BA．Sotheyoftenmeetrain!B．Butit’snotjustaboutthemusic.C．Andfestivalshavebecomebigbusiness,too.D．Peoplehavealwaysenjoyedgettingtogether.E．It’saplacethatisfarawayfromeverydayrules.F．Thisoutdooreventwasoneofthelargestevertobeheld.2.____Eveninancienttimes,peoplewouldcometogether,havedinnersandcelebrate，andsometimestogetherwithplayingorlisteningtomusic.So,musicfestivalsarenothingnew.Buttheyhavechangedgradually.Inrecenttimes,oneofthemostfamousmusicfestivalswasWoodstockFestivalintheUSAin1969.3.____Itpromised“threedaysofpeaceandmusic”.Itattractedalarecrowdofpeople.DF

A．Sotheyoftenmeetrain!B．Butit’snotjustaboutthemusic.C．Andfestivalshavebecomebigbusiness,too.D．Peoplehavealwaysenjoyedgettingtogether.E．It’saplacethatisfarawayfromeverydayrules.F．Thisoutdooreventwasoneofthelargestevertobeheld.Andin1970，theGlastonburyFestivalbeganonafarmintheUK.Itnowspreadsalotlarger.Ithasbecomeahighlightinafestivalgoers'musiccalendar.Itattractslargecrowdswhocampoutfortheweekend.WeallknowthattheweatherintheUKischangeable.4.____AA．Sotheyoftenmeetrain!B．Butit’snotjustaboutthemusic.C．Andfestivalshavebecomebigbusiness,too.D．Peoplehavealwaysenjoyedgettingtogether.E．It’saplacethatisfarawayfromeverydayrules.F．Thisoutdooreventwasoneofthelargestevertobeheld.Otherfestivalshavealsobecomehuge.TheyincludetheDanubeIslandFestivalinAustriaandCoachellaintheUSA—amusicandartsfestivalwitheverystyleofmusic.Thereseemstobeafestivalforeveryonearoundtheworld.5.____Accordingtoaresearchin2018，themusicfestivalindustrywasworth$3billion(十亿)allovertheworld,andithascontinuedtogrow.Ticketpricesarehigherandhigher.However,formanyyoungpeople,attendingafestivalhasbecomeasharedexperiencethatcan’tbemissed.CA．Sotheyoftenmeetrain!B．Butit’snotjustaboutthemusic.C．Andfestivalshavebecomebigbusiness,too.D．Peoplehavealwaysenjoyedgettingtogether.E．It’saplacethatisfarawayfromeverydayrules.F．Thisoutdooreventwasoneofthelargestevertobeheld.Passage4[2024广东深圳]Therearemanyhumanisticmonuments(人文古迹)andnaturalscenicspots(景点)intextbooks.Childrenarealwaysinterestedinthem，andtheywanttogothereinperson.1.____Thiskindoftourallowsparentsandchildrentodeepentheirunderstandingofthescenes(场景)mentionedinthetextbooks.C

A．Textbookscanbroadenmyhorizons.B．Thisfurthermakestheirjourneycolorful.C．That’swhythetextbooktourhasbecomepopularthesedays.D．Theyfollowthestoriesinthetextbooksandchooseplacestotravel.E．Culturalworkersteach“Dayuculture”totouristsintheseactivities.F．Throughthepractice,childrencanhaveadeeperunderstandingofthetextbooks.Manyfamilieshavetakenpartinthetextbooktour.2.____Theycanunderstandtheculturalbackgroundandexperiencethehistoricalperiodinthetextbooks.Forexample,inFuzhou,parentsandchildrencanwatchlivelyshowsandvisitthemuseumstolearnmoreaboutthefamouswriterTangXianzuintheMingDynasty.Inaddition,theycanlearnaboutthelocalcustoms.3.____DBA．Textbookscanbroadenmyhorizons.B．Thisfurthermakestheirjourneycolorful.C．That’swhythetextbooktourhasbecomepopularthesedays.D．Theyfollowthestoriesinthetextbooksandchooseplacestotravel.E．Culturalworkersteach“Dayu