2019年江苏高考英语试卷及答案(精校)

5/72019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷)英语(满分：120分钟，考试时间：120分)听力(共两节，满分20分)（同全国1卷）完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)Wildlifehasbeengreatlythreatenedinthemodemage.Therearespecies(物种)thatare36everyday.Thewhite-napedcraneisatypicalexample.Soscientistsaretryingtheirbestto37thespeciesfromgoingoutofexistence.ChrisandTimworkatazoo,helpingendangeredcraneswiththeir38.Emma,afemalecrane,hasbeenintheir39sinceshearrivedin2004.Bornataninternationalcranefoundation,Emmawas40byhumancaretakers.Thisledtoanunexpected41,thoughshehadawonderfultimethere.Emmahad42takenherselfasacraneandbecomedeeplyattachedtohumans.She43tolivewithmalecranes,andevenhada44forkillingsomeofthem,whichmadeit45forhertobecomeamother.46,thetwozookeepersdidn’twanttoseetheextinction(灭绝)ofthispreciousspecies.Withtheirpatienceandefforts,theysuccessfullydevelopeda47ofartificialbreeding(人工繁殖)andnaturalreproduction.This48Emmatogivebirthtofivebabycranes.Thetwokeepersareproudoftheirproductivework.Butbeforetheycanbe49,moreeffortsmustbemade,becausethepopulationofthecraneinthewildisonthe50,andmanyotherspeciesappearheadedtowardextinction.51,noteveryonehasrealizedthatwildlifehasthoughts,feelings,andmostimportantly,equalrightstosurvive.Howcanwe52theever-wideninggapthatseparatesusfromotheranimals?ChrisandTimofferedusthe53:humanbeingstookitforgrantedthattheir54heldallthesolutions,butmaybetheirheartscanbeabetter55.36.A.growing B.migrating C.competing D.disappearing37.A.ban B.save C.split D.remove38.A.abortion B.recreation C.reproduction D.administration39.A.care B.eye C.mind D.story40.A.found B.chosen C.raised D.seized41.A.bonus B.consequence C.victory D.sacrifice42.A.never B.always C.unluckily D.cheerfully43.A.liked B.refused C.decided D.hesitated44.A.gift B.skill C.concern D.reputation45.A.illegal B.inspiring C.important D.impossible46.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Instead47.A.combination B.collection C.strategy D.system48.A.forced B.forbade C.taught D.enabled49.A.defeated B.grateful C.assured D.tolerant50.A.list B.rise C.agenda D.decline51.A.Incontrast B.Afterall C.Bytheway D.Onthecontrary52.A.leave B.bridge C.open D.identify53.A.course B.excuse C.answer D.reward54.A.brains B.behaviors C.services D.projects55.A.guide B.treat C.example D.companion单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.A.which B.what C.when D.thatThemusicianalongwithhisbandmembers_______tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths. A.gives Bhasgiven C.havegiven D.giveThedoctorshareshisphonenumberwiththepatients_______theyneedmedicalassistance. A.ifonly B.asif C.eventhough D.incaseMorewindpowerstationswill_______tomeetthedemandforcleanenergy. A.takeup B.clearup C.holdup D.springupScientistshaveobtainedmoreevidence_______plasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody. A.what B.that C.which D.whereNowadaysthe_______fortravellingisshiftedfromshoppingtofoodandscenery. A.priority B.potential C.proportion D.pensionFavorablepoliciesare_______toencourageemployees'professionaldevelopment. A.ineffect B.incommand C.inturn D.inshapeUnliketraditionalgyms,app-backedgymsofferpeople_______optionstoexercise. A.casual B.regular C.flexible D.tightAfewmonthsafterhehadarrivedinChina,Mr.Smith_______inlovewiththepeopleandculturethere. A.wouldfall B.hadfallen C.hasfallen D.fell_______theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones. A.Toenjoy B.Enjoying C.Tohaveenjoyed D.EnjoyWhatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_______agoodtimetogether. A.had B.willhave C.wouldhavehad D.hadhadChina'simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries_______itsroleininternationalaffairs. A.recognizing B.beingrecognized C.toberecognized D.recognizedTheyaretryingtomakesurethat5Gterminals_______by2022fortheBeijingWinterOlympics. A.willinstall B.willhavebeeninstalledC.areinstalled D.havebeeninstalledAcityistheproductofthehumanhandandmind,_______man'sintelligenceandcreativity. A.resembling B.reflecting C.reviewing D.restoring—Let'stakeacoffeebreak.—_______We'vebeenworkingforhours. A.Whybother? B.Whatfor? C.Yougotmethere. D.Yousaidit.阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)AWhateveryourageorinterests,Buxtonhassomethingtoseeordotomakeyourvisittrulymemorable.HighEnergyIfyoudesiretophysicalactivities,youcanchooseactivitiesfromswimmingtohorseriding.ExploretheheightswithGoApe,thehighwireforestadventurecourse,orjourneybeneaththeearthatPoole’sCavern.Anddon’tforget:wearesurroundedbyanaturalplaygroundjustperfectforwalking,caving,climbingandcycling.HighmindedBuxtonisjustifiablyproudofitsculturallifeandyou’llfindmuchtosuitalltasteswithart,music,operaandtheperformingartsatBuxtonOperaHouse&PavilionArtsCentreandGreenManGallery.Thereareplentyofopportunitiesforthecreativepersontobecomeinvolved,includingworkshopsandevents.KeepingthekidshappyChildrenlovethesmalltrainandplaygroundinthePavilionGardensandthere’splentymoretoexploreattheBuxtonMuseum.There’sanewindoorplaycentre,plusthespecialeventsandworkshops,andothersduringschoolholidayperiods.56.Ifyouwanttotakeanundergroundjourney,whichplaceisthebestchoice? A.Poole'sCavern. B.PavilionGardens. C.BuxtonMuseum. D.GreenManGallery.57.BuxtonOpenHouse&PavilionArtsCentreisspecialbecauseitoffers_______. A.ridesinsmalltrains B.coursesinmodernarts C.artisticandculturalactivities D.basiccoursesinhorseridingBInthe1960s,whilestudyingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark,BobChristiansenbecamepuzzledaboutsomethingthat,oddly,hadnottroubledanyonebefore:hecouldn'tfindthepark'svolcano.IthadbeenknownforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that'swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChristiansencouldn'tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,thinkoftheclassiccone(圆锥体)shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwheneruptingmagma(岩浆)pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth，allbutafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecondlessknowntypeofvolcanothatdoesn'tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebigcrack,leavingbehindavasthole,thecaldera.Yellowstoneobviouslywasofthissecondtype,butChristiansencouldn'tfindthecalderaanywhere.JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors'centers.AssoonasChristiansensawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera:almostthewholepark—2.2millionacres—wascaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.58.WhatpuzzledChristiansenwhenhewasstudyingYellowstone? A.Itscomplicatedgeographicalfeatures. B.Itsever-lastinginfluenceontourism. C.Themysterioushistoryofthepark. D.Theexactlocationofthevolcano.59.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout? A.Theshapesofvolcanoes. B.Theimpactsofvolcanoes. C.Theactivitiesofvolcanoes. D.Theheightsofvolcanoes.60.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"blow-up"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean? A.Hot-airballoon. B.Digitalcamera. C.Bigphotograph. D.Bird'sview.CWhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheInternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthewashingmachine?Whydoesitmatterthatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeople'sopinions.However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"yesterday"thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin"post-industrialsociety"hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造业),withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeInternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedtheinternationalcommunitytoworryaboutthe"digitaldivide"betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.ThishasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandInternetfacilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople'slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages.Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina"borderlessworld".Asaresult,inthelasttwentyyearsorso,manypeoplehavecometobelievethatwhateverchangeishappeningtodayistheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress,goingagainstwhichwillbeliketryingtoturntheclockback.Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies,bothatthenationalandtheinternationallevels,andformakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.However,ourfascinationwiththelatest,andourunder-valuationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon,can,andhas,ledusinallsortsofwrongdirections.61.Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto_______. A.alackofconfidenceintechnology B.aslowprogressintechnology C.aconflictofpublicopinions D.awasteoflimitedresources62.TheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould______. A.takepeople'sessentialneedsintoaccount B.maketheirprogrammesattractivetopeople C.ensurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupport Dprovidemoreaffordableinternetfacilities63.Whathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations? A.Neglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances. B.Believingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless. C.Ignoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment. D.Over-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.64.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage? A.Peopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations. B.Traditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays. C.Makingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess. D.Economicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.DThe65-year-oldSteveGoodwinwasfoundsufferingfromearlyAlzheimer’s(阿尔兹海默症).Hewaslosinghismemory.Asoftwareengineerbyprofession,Stevewasakeenloverofthepiano,andtheonlymusicianinhisfamily.Musicwashistruepassion,thoughhehadneverperformedoutsidethefamily.Melissa,hisdaughter,feltitmorethanworthwhiletosavehismusic,towhichshefellasleepeachnightwhenshewasyoung.Shethoughtabouthiringaprofessionalpianisttoworkwithherfather.Naomi,Melissa’sbestfriendandatalentedpianist,gottoknowaboutthisandshowedwillingnesstohelp.“Whydothis?”Stevewondered.“Becauseshecares.”Melissasaid.Stevenodded,tearsineye.NaomidrovetotheGoodwinhome.ShetoldSteveshe’dlovetohearhimplay.Stevemovedtothepianoandsatatthebench,handstremblingashegentlyplacedhisfingersonthekeys.Naomiputasmallrecordernearthepiano.Startsandstopsandmistakes.Longpauses,heartsinking.ButStevepressedon,playingforthefirsttimeinhislifeforastranger.“Itwasbeautiful."Naomisaidafterlisteningtotherecording.“Themusicwasworthsaving.”Herresponsibility,herprivilege,wouldbetorescueit.ThemusicwassillinSteveGoodwin.Itwasbiddeninroomswithdoorsabouttobelocked.NaomiandStevemeteveryotherweekandspenthourstogether.He’dmovehisfingersclumsilyonthepiano,andthenshe’dtakehisplace.Hestruggledtoexplainwhatheheardinhishead.Hestoodbythepiano,eyesclosed,listeningforthefirsttimetohisownworkbeingplayedbysomeoneelse.SteveandNaomispokeinmusicalcode:lines,beats,intervals,movingfromtheroottoendasonginanewkey.Steveheardit.Allofit.Hejustcouldn’tplayit.WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.Ithadexcitedwithinhimthebeliefhecouldwriteonelastsong.Oneday,Naomireceivedanemail.Attachedwasarecording,arecordingoflossandlove,ofthefight.Stevecalledit“MelancholyFlower”.Naomiheardmultiplestopsandstarts,Stevestruggling,searchingwhilehiswifeJonicalledhim“honey”andencouragedhim.Thetaskwassohard,andSteve,angryandupset,saidhewasquitting.Jonipraisedhim,tellingherhusbandthiscouldbehissignaturepiece.Naomimanagedtofigureout16ofSteve’sfavorite,andmostpersonalsongs.WithNaomi’shelp,theGoodwinfamilyfoundasoundengineertorecordNaomiplayingSteve’ssongs.Jonithoughtthatwouldbetheend.Butitwasn’t.Inthemonthsleadinguptothe2016OregonRepertorySingersChristmasconcert,Naomitoldthedirectorshehadaspecialoneinmind:“MelancholyFlower”.ShetoldthedirectoraboutherprojectwithSteve.Thedirectoragreedtoaddittotheplayinglist.ButNaomiwouldhavetoaskSteve’spermission.Heconsidereditanhonor.Aftertheconcert,NaomitoldthefamilythatSteve’smusicwasbeautifulandprofessional.Itneededtobesharedinpublic.ThefamilyrentedaformerchurchindowntownPortlandandscheduledaconcert.Bythedayoftheshow,morethan300peoplehadsaidtheywouldattend.Bythen,Stevewashavingahardtimerememberingthenamesofsomeofhisfriends.Heknewthepathhislifewasnowtaking.Hetoldhisfamilyhewasatpeace.Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,surroundedbyhisfamily.Thehouselightsfaded.Naomitookthestage.Herfingers.Hisheart.65.WhydidMelissawanttosaveherfather’smusic? A.Hismusiccouldstophisdiseasefromworsening. B.Shewantedtopleaseherdyingoldfather. C.Hismusicdeservedtobepreservedinthefamily. D.Shewantedtomakeherfatheraprofessional.66.AfterhearingSteve’splaying,Naomi_______. A.refusedtomakeacommentonit B.wasdeeplyimpressedbyhismusic C.decidedtofreeStevefromsuffering D.regrettedofferinghelptoherfriend67.HowcantheprocessofSteve’srecordingbedescribed? A.Itwasslowbutproductive. B.Itwasbeneficialtohishealth. C.ItwastiresomeforNaomi. D.ItwasvitalforNaomi’scareer.68.BeforeStevefinished“MelancholyFlower,"hiswifeJoni_______. A.thoughtthemusictalentofStevewasexhausted B.didn’texpectthedamagethediseasebroughtabout C.didn’tfullyrealizethevalueofherhusband’smusic D.broughtherhusband’smusiccareertoperfection69.HowdidStevefeelattheconcertheldindowntownPortland? A.Hefeltconcernedabouthisillness. B.Hesensedaresponsibilityformusic. C.Heregainedhisfaithinmusic. D.Hegotintoastateofquiet.70.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage? A.TheKindnessofFriends B.ThePowerofMusic C.TheMakingofaMusician D.TheValueofDetermination任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)每个空格只填一个单词。TheCostofThinkingDespitetheirmanydifferences,allhumanbeingsshareseveraldefiningcharacteristics,suchaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristicisthathumanshaveextraordinarilylargebrainscomparedwithotheranimals.Itseemsobviousthatevolutionshouldselectforlargerbrains.Mammals(哺乳动物)weighingsixtykilogramshaveanaveragebrainsizeof200cm3.Modernmanhasabrainaveraging1200-1400cm3.Wearesofondofourhighintelligencethatweassumethatwhenitcomestobrainpower,moremustbebetter.Unfortunately,thatisnotthecase.Thefactisthatahugebrainisahugedrain—consumptionofenergy—onthebody.It'snoteasytocarryaround,especiallywhenboxedinsideamassiveskull(倾骨).It'sevenhardertoprovideenergy.Inmodernman,thebrainaccountsforabout2-3%oftotalbodyweightbutitconsumes25%ofthebody'senergywhenthebodyisatrest.Bycomparison,thebrainsofapes(类人猿)requireonly8%ofrest-timeenergy.Earlyhumanspaidfortheirlargebrainsintwoways.Firstly,theyspentmoretimeinsearchoffood.Secondly,theirmusclesgrewsmallerandweaker.It'shardlyanobviousconclusionthatthisisagoodwaytosurvive.Achimpanzee(黑猩猩)can'twinanargumentwithamodernman,butitcantearthemanapartlikearagdoll.Anotheruniquehumancharacteristicisthatwewalkupright.Standingup,it'seasiertofindfoodorenemies.Inaddition,theirarmsthatareunnecessaryformovingaroundarefreedforotherpurposes,likethrowingstonesorsignaling.Asaresult,humanscanperformverycomplextaskswiththeirhands.Yetwalkinguprighthasitsdisadvantage.Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsofyearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonallfoursandhadarelativelysmallhead.Adjustingtoanuprightpositionwasquiteachallenge,especiallywhentheboneshadtosupportanextra-largeskull.Humankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillfulhandsbackachesandpainfulnecks.Weassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.Itseemsobviousthatthesehavemadehumankindthemostpowerfu