2024届云南大理州高三上学期第二次复习统一检测英语试题

大理州2024届高中毕业生第二次复习统一检测英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位号及科目，在规定的位置贴好条形码。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Familydynamicsintheanimalkingdomareasdifferentastheanimalsthemselves.Intheanimalworld,thereareadvantagestobegainedfrombeingpartofanextendedfamily.ChimpanzeesChimpanzeesaretheworld'slargestlivingprimates.Thesecreaturesarepeace-lovingandmaylivetogetherforalifetime.Thedominantmalehasmanywiveswhomaystaywithhimformostoftheirlives,whichcancauseeverydayconflicts.Itisthemalewhosettlestheconflictsbyawarningstareorhittingthebackoftheoffenders'heads.ElephantsFemalessticktogetherintheelephantworld,livinginherdsunderastateswoman.Theexperienceandknowledgeofthiselderone,whomaybe60-years-old,areofgreatbenefit.Shewillremember,forexample,thelocationofwaterholesandseasonalfoodsupplies.Intimesofdanger,thegroupbunchesaroundtheyounganditisthestateswomanwhodecideswhethertofleeorconfrontthethreat.LionsLionsaretheonlycatstoliveinalargefamilygroup,guardedbyapairofpowerfulmales.Familylifeisrelativelyharmoniousandbabylionsmaybefedbyanymotherwithmilk,soorphanedbabiesdonotstarve.Malesliveinthewildernessforsomeyearsbeforeseekingtheirownpridebychallengingresidentmalesinabloodybattle.Themalelionprotectshispridefromothermalesandenemies.Ostriches（鸵鸟）Ostrichestravelinbandsof10-50individuals,themostremarkablebirdsbeingtheeight-foot-tallmales.Thelargestbirdsintheworld,ostrichescannotfly,butrunfast.Thewivesofthemaleostrichallputtheireggsinthesamenest.Aprimaryfemalewillthenjointhemaletohatch（孵化）theeggsandshewillpushawayothereggsontheoutsidetoensureherownareinthemiddle.1.Howisanelephantherddifferentfromotherthreeanimalgroups?A.Theleadershouldbetheoldestandexperienced.B.Thenumberoftheanimalsinaherdmustbelarge.C.Anexperiencedfemaleelephantdominatestheherd.D.Theywillprotecttheiryoungwhentheyareindanger.2.Whichofthefollowingstatementiscorrect?A.Babylionsoftengohungryastheycan'thunt.B.Afemaleandamaleostricheshatcheggsjointly.C.Elephantsremembereveryplacetheyhavebeento.D.Thefemalechimpanzeeleadersettlesdailyconflicts.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook.C.Acourseplan.B.Asciencefiction.D.Awildlifejournal.BJimCurrylightsastoveintheparkinglotofChristEpiscopalChurchinGuilford.It'1lgetupto2,000degrees,hotenoughtosoftenthemetalofshotgunpartssotheycanbereshaped.Acrowdiswatching,andCurrypicksouta9-year-oldnamedOlivertohelphim.“Thisisreallymagic,”Currysays.“Rightbeforeyourveryeyes,you'regonnaseeOlivertransformthisgun,thisinstrumentofpotentialharm,intosomethingthatcouldneverbeaguneveragain.It'sgonnabeatrowel（泥铲），whichcouldbeusedtoplantflowersinagarden.”“Itisexciting,”Oliversays.“Ilovethefactthatyoucantakemetalthat'srandomandshapeitintosomethinguseful.”Curry，aretiredpriest，isaco-founderofSwordstoPlowshares（犁）Northeasttheorganizationputtingonthisevent,whichhelpspolicedepartmentsmanagetheirgunbuybackprogramsandrepurposetheweaponsintogardeningtools.Thefinishedtoolsaredonatedtocommunitygardensandagriculturalhighschoolsandtheharvestedvegetablesdonatedtosoupkitchensandhomelessshelters,accordingtothegroup'swebsite.RetiredpriestMaryAnnfirstvolunteeredwithSwordstoPlowshareswhenafamilymemberfellvictimtogunviolence.Shehelpscollectgunsthroughpolicebuybacks.“Whenthere'ssuchdespairnowinourcountry,peopleneedtoknowthatwecanchange.Thereishope,”shesays.Currywearsaconstantreminderofthathopearoundhisneck.It'stwolargepiecesofmetalmoldedintotheshapeofacross.“It'smadeoutofpiecesofanAK-47usedforkilling",hesays."ButGod'slovebreaksitapart,reshapesit,thentransformsitintothesignofgreatesthope-thecross.Andthat'swhyIwearit.”4.WhatdoCurryandOliverdointheparkinglot?A.Theymeasurethetemperatureofahotstove.B.Theydomagictricksinfrontofmanypeople.C.Theyturnwhat'sthreateningintowhat'suseful.D.Theydoexperimentsonhowtomakeusefultools.5.Wherecanyoufindthereshapedtoolsfromthetext?A.Inhomelessshelters.B.Insomefamousgardens.C.Inagriculturalhighschools.D.Inkitchensofthecommunity.6.WhatcanbeinferredfromMarryAnn'swords?A.Shefeelsdesperateasshelostherbelovedone.B.Hercountrymaybeunderthreatfromgunviolence.C.Shewilldosomethingsignificanttorescuetheworld.D.Herfamilymemberwaskilledbecauseofgunviolence.7.WhatcanyoulearnaboutCurryfromthelastparagraph?A.Hemadethecrossallbyhimself.B.Hiscrossisaweaponusedtokill.C.Thecrossremindshimtoreshapemoretools.D.Thecrossrepresentshishopeforabetterlife.CWegrowup-unavoidably-withastrongattachmenttoaplanA,thatis,anideaofhowourliveswillgoandwhatweneedtodotoachieveourparticularsetofwell-definedgoals.Butthen,forsomeofusandatonelevelallofus,lifeturnsouttohavemadeafewotherplans.Asuddeninjuryputsacertaincareerforeveroutofreach.Asmallbutsignificanterrorchangeseverythingabouthowcrucialothersviewus.Andso,promptly,wefindwehavetogiveuponplanAaltogether,whichcanfeeldevastating.Wealternatelyweepandangerattheturnofevents.Itisforsuchmomentsthatweshouldconsideroneoflife'smostvitalskills:thatofdevelopingaplanB.ThefirstelementinvolvesfullyacknowledgingthatnoonegetsthroughlifewithalltheircarefulplanAs.PlanAssimplydonotworkoutallthetime.Somethingunexpected,shockingandhatefulregularlycomesalong,notonlytous,buttoallhumanbeings.Thefurtherpointistorealizethatweare,dspitemomentsofconfusion,absolutelycapableofdevelopingverysatisfactoryplanBs.Adultsaregoodatkeepingneedingtorefreshinourmindsanddrawingcomfortfrominanxiousmoments.Wehaveenormouscapacitiestoactandtoadapt.Perhapswe'llhavetoleavetownforever,maybewe'llhavetoresignanoccupationwespentadecadenurturing-untilwerediscoverourpotentialplanBmuscle.Inreality,therewouldbeapossibilitytorelocate,tostartafreshinanotherfield,toturnaroundtheterribleevent.Therewasnoonescriptforuswrittenatourbirth,andnordoesthereneedtobeonlyonegoingforward.Crucially,wedon'tneedtoknowrightnowwhatourplaBsmightbeoranticipateeveryfrustrationthatmightcomeourway;weshouldsimplyfeelconfidentthat,weretheuniversetocommandit,wewouldknowhowtofindaverydifferentpath.8.What'sthefunctionoftheopeningparagraph?A.Toarousethinking.C.Todefineaconcept.B.Tointroducethetopic.D.Tosetthebackground.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninthesecondparagraph?A.Disastrous.B.Indifferent.C.Entertaining.D.Relaxing.10.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.WemustbeblamedforhavingtomakeaplanB.B.Therewillbeonlyonescriptforuswritteninlife.C.Adultsareanadaptablespeciestotackleproblems.D.PlanBsareactuallysuperiortoplanAsallthetime.11.ThebeststructureofthispassageisD.DAnyonekeentoviewfromonhightheprosperouscityscapeofGuangdong,maysooncandosofromthecabinofaflyingtaxi．OnOctober13ththeCivilAviation（航空）AdministrationofChina(CAAC)awardeda"typecertificate"totheworld'sfirstelectricverticaltake-offandlanding(eVTOL)taxi.Andthesmalltwo-seater,calledtheEH216-S,wasalsopermittedtoflywithoutapilotonboard.Theeh216-sismadebyEHang,acompanybasedinGuangdong.Itlookslikealargeconsumerdronewithapassengerbubbleinstalledontop．Propulsion（推动力）isprovidedby16smallrotors（转子），installedonthetipsofeightarmsthatfoldawaywhenthevehicleisnotinuse，allowingittoparkinsmallspaces.TheCAACgaveitsapprovalafterEHanghadconductedmorethan40,000testflights,includingwithvolunteerpassengersin18citiesacrossChina.Italsomonitoredtheeh216-stostructuralanalysisandcrashtests，andcheckeditsabilitytokeepflyingifoneofitsrotorsfails.Regulators（监管机构）alsoinspectedthewirelessnetworkEHangusestolinkitsflyingtaxistoacontrolcentreontheground.Thatallowsbackuppilotstolandanaircraftbyremotecontrolifthereisaproblem.EHangsaysitspilotlesseVTOLswillbequieterthanhelicoptersandmuchcheapertooperate,thankstotheabilitytoswapoutanexpensivepilotforasecondpayingpassenger.Thefirmalsothinksthatdoingawaywithpilotswillmakethingssafer.Acomputer'sattentionneverswings,anditsreactionoperateatahighspeed.Anditismucheasiertoautomatethandriving,fortherearefewerbarriersandunexpectedsituationstonavigate.EHanghasambitionsbeyondChina,too.IthascarriedoutdemonstrationflightsinAmèricaandEuropewiththeaimofobtainingtypecertificatesinbothmarkets.Buttheirregulatorsbothhavesignalledthattheywillallowautonomousflightsonlyafterthevehicleshaveprovedthemselvessafeinhumanhands.12.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribeseh216-s?A.eh216-3hasahighsafetyfactorthanpilotdriving.B.eh216-3requiresthepilotstolandbyremotecontrol.C.eh216-3takingismoreexpensiveduetoautomation.D.eh216-3lookslikeaconsumerdronewithfoldablerotors.13.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Thefirmhasgainedtypecertificatesinbothmarkets.B.Thetwocountries'regulatorsarelikelytobecareless.C.Ehangisnotaloneinexpandingtheoverseasmarkets.D.Ehangmaymakemoreeffortstogetwidelyrecognized.14.Whichisthemainideaofthetext?A.Thetestofpilotlessaircrafts.B.Thehistoryoftwoseatsandnopilot.C.Theadvantagesofpilotlessflyingtaxi.D.Theapprovaloftheworld'sfirstflyingtaxi.15.What'stheattitudeofauthortowardseh216-s?A.Favorable.B.Objective.C.Negative.D.Critical.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）项。Noteveryoneisexcitedaboutbirthdays.Therearemanypeopleouttherewhoneverfeelexcitedaboutit.16Goingtooffice,wrestlingwithcrowdedpublictransport,havinglunchinssetduration,everythinggoeswiththenormalroutine.17Whatexactlymakesthemfeelnothingspecialonthedayoftheirbith?Thismaybecommoninthosewhoareintheir50's,60's,the70's...Forsomepeopleinthisage,lifebecomesajourneythatisgoingonandonandonatafasterpace.Theyfeellikelosingcontroloftheirtimeandeverypassingyeardoublesthefearofdyingsoon.Thisisnotgoodasitisnegative.18Somepeopledonotliketocometothenoticeofothersduetoanypossiblereasononthisearth.Youmayfeelamazedaboutthisnature.Buttheyliketoremainaspartofthecrowd.19Becausetheybringpeopleinsuddenattention.Theyprefertoremainsilentandfollowthenormalroutineofdailylife.Herecomesanotherpartofthepopulationthatthinksitisawasteofmoney.20Thisalsoincludespeoplewhoareindebtandhavemultipleobligations.Forinstance-mostlyamessofshort-termdebtscontributestoactstrangelyandexpenserestriction.Insteadofaimingforaperfectday,setrealisticexpectationsforyourbirthday.A.Theydon'tlikeiteither.B.Buttheycan'thelpdoingso.C.Birthdaysarecontrarytothisfeeling.D.Whatmakesthemactsoindifferentafterall?E.Everyonewantstoknowtheplansofthebirthday.F.Theydonotspendonthosewhodonothelpearnmoney.G.Nothingintheirroutinechangesinthenameofcelebration.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myfatherwasarestaurantowner.MynameisVincentLim.I'machefandrestaurantowner.RunningaChineserestaurantisoneofthehardestandmost21thingsinmylife.WhenwefirstarrivedinAustralia,mydad22aChineserestaurant.Iwouldgothereona23basistohelphimout.AndslowlyIdevelopedmy24forcooking.ThehardworkthatmydadputintoChinesefoodmakesmefeelsoproudthatIamluckyenoughtolearnfroma25.ThefirstdishthatIeverlearnedtocookwasthefriedrice,whichistheeasiestbutalsothe26onetogetright.Fromyearsofexperience,Ican27youthedifferencebetweenagoodfriedricejustfromthefeelandfromthesmell,withouteventakingabite.TolotsofChineseimmigrantslikeus,therestaurantisn'tjustabusiness.It'sasenseof28．Thewokhei（锅气）29everyingredientinthewok，producinganappealingsmell.Thefragrancesofthefood30theairandlingeredaroundsomuchlonger.Thosememoriestheybecomenostalgic（乡愁）．Thesenseofhomeiswhatmakesa31gooddishtaste.In2017,mydadpassedaway.Ireaizedthatmyloveofcookingdishesfrommychildhood.I32therestaurantthatIowntoday.Cookingwasa33waytomydad.Iwantedto34everythingthathetaughtme.Cooking35allthehardworkandmemoriesthatwehad.21.A.worthless22.A.supported23.A.regular24.A.strength25.A.chef26.A.toughest27.A.taste28.A.careerB.valuableB.foundB.solidB.passionB.ownerB.worstB.achieveB.urgencyC.necessaryC.operatedC.seldomC.talentC.coachC.busiestC.tellD.unexpectedD.occupiedD.vitalD.awarenessD.masterD.greatestD.learnD.affectionC.purpose29.A.generates30.A.camefrom31.A.impossibly32.A.shutdown33.A.amusing34.A.recallB.deliversB.wentoverB.straightlyB.tookoverB.strikingB.completeB.perceivesC.accompaniesC.wipedawayC.deliberatelyC.openedupC.connectingC.expectD.dismissedD.spreadacrossD.considerablyD.dealtwithD.inspiringD.alter35.A.impressesC.representsD.devotes第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InaspeciallydesignedstudiotheaterinHangzhou,alatestYuejuOperaproduction,NewDragonGateInnperformedbyXiaoBaiHuaOperatroupes（剧团），hasemerged36animmediatehit.Itnotonlyshowcasesatraditionalartformthatdefinitely37(deserve)moreattention,butalsowinsyoungeraudienceswhoareusuallynotopera-goers.Thenameoftheadaptedworkisthesameasthatofthe1992classicmartialatsfilm.38(wise),theShaoxingOperacapturestheinterestofayoungeraudiencebycombiningtraditionalChineseoperawithmoderntheatermodelsanddramaticconcepts.Theaudiencesitsveryclosetotheperformers,engagingwiththemandimmersingthemselvesin39uniqueandfascinatingviewingexperience.Throughhercross-dressedroleJiaTing,31-year-oldfemaleperformerChenLijunhassuddenlyrosetofameduetohergorgeousappearance,elegantair40skillfulperformance.AlivestreamoftheoperainAugustattractedmillionsofviewersandsparkedheateddiscussionsonline,41(earn)over14,000comments.Clipsofherperformances,suchasascene42sheeffortlesslyspinsthelandadyaroundwithjustonearm,wentviralonvarioussocialmedia43(platform).Inadditiontotheboldandinnovative44(adapt),themarketingapproachhasalsobeenanewexperimentthathasturnedoutsuccessful.Thisisapositivestepintherevivalofthisancientart.ThesuccessofNewDragonGateInnsignalsa45(promise)futureforothertraditionalChineseartforms.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）12月18日，甘肃临夏积石山县发生6.2李华，打算给ChinaDaily写一封倡议书，号召读者为灾区人民做点事，帮他们渡过难关。内容包括：1．发起倡议的原因2．具体做法及意义注意：字数80字左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasasunnyafternooninJun