备战2025年高考二轮复习 英语 阅读理解 考点分类练3　推理判断题（1）（含解析）

考点分类练(三)推理判断题(1)Passage1(2024江西赣州一模)主题:兄妹故事词数:342难度:★★★☆☆Atopahillinagarden,threechildrenwerehavingaheateddiscussion.“It’snotfair!”Magthrewherbiketotheground.“Whywon’tyouletmehaveago?”PaulexchangedglanceswithhisfriendBilly,bothplanningabikeramp(坡道)foranupcomingstunt(特技)bikecompetition.“You’retooyoungforit,”Pauldeclared.Upset,Magranaway.PaulandBillysetouttobuildabikerampoutofawoodenboardandanupturnedmetalbucket.Oneendoftheboardrestedonthegroundwhiletheotherrestedonthebucket.Thehillyterrainseemedperfectfortheirplan.However,eachattempttoridetherampendedwiththeboardoutofplace.Determinedtosecuretheboard,Paulrushedtohisfather’sshedandreturnedwithfourleftoverhousebricks.Placingthemstrategically,hehopeditwouldnowholdfortheirstuntattempts.PaulgaveBillythethumbs-up,whowaswaitingatthehill’shighestpoint.Billyraisedhimselfoffhisseat.Ridingdown,hefacedthestrongwind,hishelmetswinging.Absorbedintheirtesting,neithernoticedMagapproachingwithherownplan.Hiddenbehindatree,Mag,seeingherchance,kickedtheboardoffthebucket.Justatthatmoment,Billy’sbikearrivedandhesimplycouldnotbrakeintime.Withnoramp,thebikeswungviolentlyoffcourse,headingdirectlytowardtheshed.Reactingswiftly,Paulleapedaside,avoidingthebike’spathwhileBillyhitthesheddoorwithaloudbang.Mag,realizingherfault,begantosobinregret.“Whydidyoudothat?”Paul,dustinghimselfdown,turnedtofacehissister.Tearfully,Magblurted,“YouguyssaidIcouldn’thaveago...”Paul’sangerfadedaway.Hesaidgently,“Youcan’ttakepartinthesport,butyoucanhelpusrebuildtheramp.”Smilingweakly,Magputherhandinherbigbrother’s.TheyheadedovertohelpBilly,whowasalittleshakenbutotherwiseunhurt.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是三个孩子玩户外自行车特技的故事。1.WhydidMagfeel“It’snotfair!”?A.Shedidn’thaveagoodbike.B.Shewastooyoungtorideabike.C.Shewasrefusedtobuildtheramp.D.Shewasleftoutofthestuntbiketraining.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“‘Whywon’tyouletmehaveago?’PaulexchangedglanceswithhisfriendBilly,bothplanningabikerampforanupcomingstuntbikecompetition.”可知,Mag会觉得“这不公平!”是因为她不能参加特技自行车训练。2.WhatwasMag’splan?A.Tobuildherownbikeramp.B.Toapologizeforherfault.C.Todamagethebikeramp.D.TobegforPaul’spermission.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Absorbedintheirtesting,neithernoticedMagapproachingwithherownplan.”,第五段中的“Hiddenbehindatree,Mag,seeingherchance,kickedtheboardoffthebucket.”和“Withnoramp,thebikeswungviolentlyoffcourse,headingdirectlytowardtheshed.”可知,Mag的计划是破坏自行车坡道。3.HowdidMagfeelbeforewitnessingBillyhitthesheddoor?A.Regretful. B.Cheerful.C.Expectant. D.Angry.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Upset,Magranaway.”可知,刚开始Mag很不高兴,再根据倒数第三段中的“...Billyhitthesheddoorwithaloudbang.Mag,realizingherfault,begantosobinregret.”可知,Mag在看到Billy撞在小屋的门上之前是生气的,看见那一幕之后是后悔的,故选D项。4.WhatwasPaullikeinthestory?A.Ambitiousandselfless.B.Caringandunderstanding.C.Warm-heartedandcourageous.D.Humbleandconsiderate.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Paul’sangerfadedaway.Hesaidgently,‘Youcan’ttakepartinthesport,butyoucanhelpusrebuildtheramp.’”和“TheyheadedovertohelpBilly,whowasalittleshakenbutotherwiseunhurt.”可知,Paul很理解Mag为什么那么做,所以就不生气了,他也很关心Billy的状况,因此可用caring和understanding来描述Paul。Passage2(2024江苏苏锡常镇一模)主题:给予能够带来幸福词数:354难度:★★★★☆Igrewuphearingthatitisbettertogivethantoreceive,andtheolderIget,themoreIaimtotakethismessagetoheart.Nevertheless,hereIam,inthemidstoftheholidayseasonstressedoutaboutgiftsIhavenotyetpurchased.Howdidgiftbuyingbecomeanemotionallyfraughtchore(苦差事)?Foramoment,it’seasytoquestionifit’sworthit.Butsciencetellsmethatgivingmakesusfeelgood.“Theactofgivingactuallydoesimproveyourhappiness,”saysMichaelNorton,apsychologistatHarvardBusinessSchool.Hehaspublishedseveralstudiesontheeffectsofgiving.Inoneexperimentthatincludedabout700people,theresearchersrandomlyassignedparticipantstomakeeitherapurchaseforthemselves,orforastranger.Afterwards,theparticipantsreportedhowhappytheyfelt.Itturnedoutthatgivingtoothersledtoasignificanthappinessboost,whereasspendingononeselfdidn’tmovetheneedle.“Ifyoutake$5outofyourpockettoday,thesciencereallydoesshowthatspending$5onyourselfdoesn’tdomuchforyou,”Nortonsays.“Butspendingthat$5onsomebodyelseismorelikelytoincreaseyourhappiness.”Takeascarf.Ifyoubuyoneforyourself,it’sjustanotherthingyoudon’tnecessarilyneed.Butifyoubuyascarfforsomeoneelse,“you’veshownthemthatthey’reimportanttoyou,”Nortonsays.Eitherway,it’sjustascarf.“Butitcaneitherbeathrowawayobjectorsomethingthatenhancesarelationshipbetweentwopeople,”hesays.So,there’sevidencethatgenerositypromoteshappiness,buttheprocessofshopping,wrappingandschlepping(搬)giftscanbetiresome—orevenextremelyannoyingconsideringallofourday-to-daydemandsandotherholidaystressors.Studiesalsoshowwhenpeoplearegivensomethingtheyaremorelikelytogiveback.Reciprocity(互惠)isafoundationofgoodrelationshipsandwhenwesurroundourselveswithgenerouspeople,wetendtofeelthesame.Feelingthatspiritofgivingandtheconnectionitcanbringiswhattheholidaysareallabout.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了给予能够带来幸福。5.Whydoestheauthormentionhisownexperienceinparagraph1?A.Tomakeaprediction.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Topresentareason.D.Toclarifyaconcept.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,第一段讲述了虽然作者明白给予比接受好,但在节日期间自己总是因为买礼物的事情感到很有压力。接着第二段承上启下,从作者买礼物的经历引出科学表明给予让人感觉良好,结合下文内容可知,本文围绕给予能够带来幸福展开,由此可推测出,第一段提到作者自己的经历是为了引出话题。6.HowdoesNortonillustratehisopinioninparagraphs5and6?A.Bylistingdata.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bymakingcomments.D.Bytellingpersonalexperiences.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第五段和第六段内容可知,这两段分别以5美元和一条围巾的例子讲述了给予的重要性。7.Whyispreparingagiftsometimesanemotionallyfraughtchore?A.It’sdifficultandexpensive.B.Ithappensfrequently.C.It’snotvaluedbyothers.D.Itrequiresmucheffort.答案D解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知,由于准备礼物需要花费精力,所以它有时是个苦差事。8.Whatcanwelearnaboutgivinggiftsfromthetext?A.Itisnotworththeeffort.B.Itisamusttoenhancearelationship.C.Itbringsaboutemotionalbenefits.D.Itgainspopularityduringholidays.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Butsciencetellsmethatgivingmakesusfeelgood.”和第三段中的“Theactofgivingactuallydoesimproveyourhappiness”可知,给予会让人感觉良好,提升幸福感,由此可推测出,送礼物能够带来情绪上的益处。Passage3(2024山东济南一模)主题:有声书词数:359难度:★★★★★Likemanypeopleoverthepastfewyears,Ihavefoundmyselfturningtoaudiobooksasmymainmeansofreadingliterature.Ifinditfarmorecomfortableto“readwithmyears”whilemyeyesareresting.Myconsumptionofnewbookshasdoubledasaresult—butarecentpapermakesmewonderifthiswillcomeatthepriceofmycomprehension.ThestudycomesfromBoazKeysarandJanetGeipel,bothattheUniversityofChicago,anditdrawsfromthe“dualprocessmodel”ofmentalprocessing.Accordingtothisview,wehavetwowaysofassessinginformation.System1isintuitive(直觉的),relyingonnaturalabilityandfeeling.Itisquick,butlikelyexposedtomisinformation.System2isanalyticalinvolvingtheuseoflogicreasoning.Itismentallydemanding.Whenitisengaged,wethinkourwaythroughthematerialstepbystep.Fordecades,psychologistshavedesignedvariousteststodeterminewhichofthesetwosystemsapersonisusing.Asoneexample,considerthefollowingquestion:HowmanyanimalsofeachkinddidMosestakeontheArk(方舟)?Ifyouansweredtwo,youwereprobablyonlyconsideringthecoreofthequestion,whichisSystem1thinking.Togettotherightanswer—zero,youneedtothinkmorecarefullyaboutthewording,whichwouldallowyoutorememberitwasNoahwhobuilttheArk,notMoses.Thatisthekindofanalyticalprocess.KeysarandGeipel’sbrilliantideawastoinvestigatewhetherthesensoryform—seeingvs.hearing—oftheinformationwouldmakeadifference.Theyfoundthatitdid:whenansweringthesekindsofsimplequestions,participantsweremorelikelytomakeerrorswhenthesentenceswerespokenoutloud,ratherthanwritten.Agreaterrelianceonourfeelingscouldbeaproblemifweareconsuminginformationthatneedslogicalstudy.Forthisreason,Iwillreturntoreadingnon-fictionwithmyeyesratherthanmyears.ButIwon’tstoplisteningtonovels.Iamquitehappytogowiththeflowofmyemotionswhilemycriticalmindtakesabreak.【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕作者使用有声书作为阅读方式的经历和体验展开,并引入了一项关于信息处理方式的研究,以此为基础探讨了有声书可能对阅读理解产生的影响。9.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoflisteningtoaudiobooks?A.Itiseconomical.B.Itisdemanding.C.Itistime-consuming.D.Itisrelaxing.答案D解析推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Likemanypeopleoverthepastfewyears,Ihavefoundmyselfturningtoaudiobooksasmymainmeansofreadingliterature.Ifinditfarmorecomfortableto‘readwithmyears’whilemyeyesareresting.”以及最后一段中的“ButIwon’tstoplisteningtonovels.Iamquitehappytogowiththeflowofmyemotionswhilemycriticalmindtakesabreak.”可知,作者认为听有声读物会让人放松。10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSystem2model?A.Fairlyreliable.B.Fullyautomatic.C.Question-centered.D.Emotion-involved.答案A解析推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“System2isanalyticalinvolvingtheuseoflogicreasoning.Itismentallydemanding.Whenitisengaged,wethinkourwaythroughthematerialstepbystep.”可知,System2涉及使用逻辑推理进行信息处理,它要求精神上的努力,通过一步一步地思考材料来得出结论。因此,System2的结果相对可靠得多。11.Whyis