备战2025年高考二轮复习 英语 题组限时满分练5 　阅读理解 七选五阅读（含解析）

满分练(五)阅读理解+七选五阅读Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024湖南岳阳二模)RewardsatWestExeSchoolWestExeSchoolisafullyinclusivecomprehensivesecondaryschool.Listedbelowarethewaystheschoolcelebratesuccesswithstudents,parentsandstaffduringtheacademicyear.MeritBadgesMeritBadgesareawardedinlinewiththestudentqualities.E.g.,whenastudentreaches200meritsinasemesterforbeingkind,theyreceivetheirkindmeritbadge.TheWestExeshieldisawardedtostudentswhohaveachievedallsixmeritbadges.TheGoldenTicketEverytwoweeks,allmembersofstaffhavea“GoldenTicket”whichtheycanawardtoanystudentwhohasdisplayedwhatthestudentqualitiesstandfor.Therewillbeabi-weeklyfocusononeofthestudentqualitiesaspositivereinforcement.Thegoldenticketsawardedarethenplacedinaprizedraw,forprizessuggestedbythestudentbody.PunctualityAwardStudentswhoareontimeforeverylessonacrosstheweekwillbeenteredintoaprizedraw.Thisistopromotetheimportanceofpunctualityinschoolandinlife.HeadteacherRewardHeadteacherRewardisgiventostudentswhohavebeennominated(提名)bystaffmemberseverymonthfordemonstratingthequalities,behaviorsandvaluesofwhatitmeanstobeanexceptionalWestExeStudent.Theyarealsoawardedtostudentswhohaveshownexceptionalachievement,eitherinschooloraspartofanextracurricularactivity.Thisincludesacertificateandpen,withalettergoinghometoparentstosharenewsoftheyoungperson’sachievement.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了WestExeSchool的几个奖项。1.Whichofthefollowingrewardsisgivenmostfrequently?A.MeritBadges.B.TheGoldenTicket.C.PunctualityAward.D.HeadteacherReward.答案C解析细节理解题。题目询问最频繁的奖励是什么。MeritBadges是“inasemester”;TheGoldenTicket是“Everytwoweeks”;PunctualityAward是“acrosstheweek”;HeadteacherReward是“everymonth”,故选C项。2.WhatdoweknowaboutHeadteacherReward?A.Allstaffmemberscanbenominatedfortheaward.B.Studentsrewardedwillreceiveacertificateandaletter.C.Parentsofthestudentsawardedwillbehonoredwithaletter.D.Onlystudentsmakingoutstandingachievementsinschoolcanbeawarded.答案C解析细节理解题。根据HeadteacherReward部分的最后一句“Thisincludesacertificateandpen,withalettergoinghometoparentstosharenewsoftheyoungperson’sachievement.”可知,学生的父母会收到学校的一封表扬孩子的信。故选C项。3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aschoolwebsite.B.Anewsreport.C.Atravelleaflet. D.Abookreview.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Listedbelowarethewaystheschoolcelebratesuccesswithstudents,parentsandstaffduringtheacademicyear.”可知,文章介绍的是WestExeSchool的几个奖项,所以文章应该来自学校网站。B(2024山东泰安二模)It’sbeennearlysevenyearssinceagroupofvolunteersbrokegroundatWhatCheerFlowerFarminProvidence,RhodeIsland,withasimplegoal:getflowersintothehandsofanyoneinneedofapick-me-up.Bestofall,eachoneofthetensofthousandsofbouquetsthatWhatCheergrowsanddeliversarecompletelyfreeofcharge.“Wewanttoblanketthestatewithflowersandcreatehappinessandjoy,”saysErinAchenbach,WhatCheer’sfarmerandheadflorist.WhatCheerregularlydeliversjoytopeopleatlocalhospitals,foodbanks,seniorcenters,recoverycentersandmore—includingAIDSCareOceanState,whichprovidessupporttothoseaffectedbyHIV.“Seeingthesmilesonpeople’sfaceswhoweren’texpectingit—whojustcameintohaveameetingwiththeircasemanagerortakeadvantageofoneofourprograms—tojustseethisglowcomeofftheirfacesisgreat,”saysStephenHoganJr.fromAIDSCareOceanState.LocatedinProvidence’sindustrialOlneyvilleneighborhood,WhatCheer’sflowerbedslieon2.7acresthatoncehousedaknifefactory.Andit’ssafetosaythattheWhatCheercrewisdeservingofsomeflowersoftheirown:InMay,thenonprofitwasawardedarecord-high$500,000grantfromtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyforitscontinuedrevivalofalandonceabandonedbecauseofindustrialpollution.“Notonlydowegivethisspacebacktotheneighborhoodbybringinglifetospacethat’squiteliterallydead,”saysAchenbach,“butwe’reaneco-landingspotwiththeabilitytohelplocalinsectandbirdpopulations,andthat’llonlymakepeople’slivesbetter.”Whatcheer,indeed!“What’sgoodaboutafloweristhatitdoesn’tneedanythingelse,”sheadds.“Youronlyjobwhensomeonegivesyouflowersistoenjoythem.”【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群志愿者在罗德岛的WhatCheerFlowerFarm开始了土地开垦,他们的目标是把花送到任何需要好心情的人手中。4.WhatwastheoriginalpurposeofWhatCheer?A.Todonatemoneytothoseinneed.B.Topresentpeoplewithflowersforfree.C.Toprotectthesurroundingenvironment.D.Todevelopnewflowersanddistributethem.答案B解析细节理解题。由文章第一段内容可知,WhatCheer最初的目的是向需要的人免费赠送鲜花。5.WhycouldWhatCheerobtainahighgrant?A.Itrankedasthelocallargestflowerbed.B.Ithelpedpatientsrecoverfromillnesses.C.Itdeliveredremarkablejoytolocalpeople.D.Itwastransformedintoaneco-friendlyarea.答案D解析细节理解题。由文章第五段中的“Andit’ssafetosay...becauseofindustrialpollution.”可知,WhatCheer能获得高额资助是因为它将一片因工业污染而被废弃的土地转变成了环保区域。6.WhatcanbeinferredfromAchenbach?A.ThesuccessofWhatCheercan’tbecopied.B.WhatCheerimprovesthewell-beingoflocals.C.WhatCheerattemptstoreturnthelandtolocals.D.Enjoyingflowersshouldbeadvocatedeveryday.答案B解析推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段内容可知,WhatCheer不仅给社区带来了生机,还成了对当地昆虫和鸟类种群有帮助的生态栖息地,这将使人们的生活变得更好,可以推断出,WhatCheer提高了当地居民的福祉。7.WhichofthefollowingdoestheexperienceofWhatCheerconvey?A.Stillwaterrunsdeep.B.Thinktwicebeforeacting.C.Godhelpthosewhohelpthemselves.D.Therosesinherhand;theflavorinmine.答案D解析推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是由文章前两段可知,WhatCheer的经历传达了一个信息:通过将废弃的工业用地转变为对环境有益的花田,并为人们带去快乐,它体现了“予人玫瑰,手留余香”的精神。因此,选项D最能体现这种给予奉献的美好寓意。故选D项。C(2024广东广州二模)MyfatherstartedlearningFrenchat57,drawnbythepotentialbenefitsofbilingualism(双语能力)indelayingdementia(失智症).Now,20yearslater,he’sonhisthirdteacher.Manypeoplelikemyfatherhaveattemptedtopickupanewlanguage.Butcanthisreallyboostbrainhealth?Accordingtoexperts,regularlyusinganewlanguagebringscognitive(认知)benefits.Ifyou’retryingtorecalltherightwordsinanotherlanguage,yourbrainisforcedtoinhibityourmothertongue.Thisprocess,calledcognitiveinhibition,helpsimproveyourbrainfunction.Repeatingthisprocessmakesyourbrainmoreresistanttodiseaseslikedementia.Themoreyouchallengeyourbrain,thebetteritfunctions,evenifyourbrainhealthstartstodecline.However,evidenceforthebenefitsoflearningasecondlanguageinyour60sisweaker.ResearchbyDr.LeoAntonioufoundthatolderItalianswhotookEnglishlessonsforfourmonthsdidn’tseeanydifferenceintheircognitionscores,butpeoplewhodidn’tsawtheirscoresdecline.Prof.DianaSmith’s2023studiesfoundsimilarresults.Researchersofferedafewpotentialexplanationsfortheirdisappointingresults.Oneisthattheparticipantswerehighlymotivatedvolunteers,probablyofhighcognitivelevelfortheirage,makingithardtoseeanyimprovements.“Whenchoosingparticipants,wehavetobecareful,aretheyreallyrepresentativeofthepopulation?”saidDr.JudithWare.Anotheristhatthelanguageinterventionswereperhapstooshort.Thesestudieshaveusedlanguagelessonsthat“wereverydifferentintheirlengthandfrequency,”saidProf.LauraGrossman.ToDr.Antoniou,thelimitedfindingsarenotentirelysurprising.Noonewouldsaythatlearninganewlanguageforsixmonthswouldbethesameashavingusedtwolanguagesforyourentirelife.Buthedoesthinkthatlanguagelessonscanprovidecognitivebenefitsbybeingcognitivelystimulating.Perhapsmoreimportant,Prof.Grossmansaid,learninganotherlanguageoffersotherpotentialadvantages,liketravelingorconnectingwithnewcommunities.Myfather,forexample,hasremainedpenfriendswithhisfirstteacherandtraveledtoFrancenumeroustimes.Andat76,he’sassharpasever.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了学习新语言是否能提高大脑健康,尤其是对于年纪较大的人来说,是否能延缓失智症的发生。8.Whathappensintheprocessof“cognitiveinhibition”?A.Memoryimproves.B.Brainhealthworsens.C.Dementiaiscured.D.Nativelanguageisheldback.答案D解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Ifyou’retryingto...calledcognitiveinhibition,helpsimproveyourbrainfunction.”可知,认知抑制的过程中,母语被抑制。9.Whichisapossibleexplanationforthedisappointingresearchresults?A.Thepoorchoiceofresearchparticipants.B.Thegreatlengthofthelanguagecourse.C.Theinterventionofthefirstlanguage.D.Theagedifferenceoftheresearchsubjects.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“Oneisthat...makingithardtoseeanyimprovements.”可知,研究结果不尽人意的一个可能的解释是研究参与者的选择不佳。10.Whoseopiniondoestheauthorsupportbymentioninghisfather’sexperience?A.LeoAntoniou’s.B.DianaSmith’s.C.LauraGrossman’s.D.JudithWare’s.答案C解析推理判断题。根据文章第六段尾句和第七段内容可知,作者通过提到他父亲的经历来支持LauraGrossman的观点,即学习另一种语言提供了其他潜在的优势,如旅行或与新的社区建立联系。11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Isitnevertoolatetolearnanewlanguage?B.Canlearninganewlanguagedelaydementia?C.Whydoesmyfatherstartlearninganewlanguage?D.Howdoeslearninganewlanguagebenefitagingbrain?答案B解析标题归纳题。根据第一段的“MyfatherstartedlearningFrenchat57,drawnbythepotentialbenefitsofbilingualism(双语能力)indelayingdementia(失智症).”以及“Butcanthisreallyboostbrainhealth?”可知,短文的最佳标题为“学习一门新语言能延缓失智症吗?”。D(2024山东潍坊二模)IhadtosaysomethingafterreadingTheAnxiousGeneration.Itisgoingtosellwell,becauseJonathanHaidtistellingascarystoryaboutchildren’sdevelopmentmanyparentsareledtobelieve.However,thebook’srepeatedsuggestionthatdigitaltechnologiesarerewiringourchildren’sbrainsandcausingtheepidemic(流行病)ofmentalillnessisunsupportedbyscience.Worse,therudeproposalthatsocialmediaistoblamemightdistract(分心)usfromeffectivelyrespondingtotherealcausesofthecurrentmental-healthcrisisinyoungpeople.ResearchershavesearchedfortheeffectssuggestedbyHaidt.Oureffortshaveproducedamixofno,smallandmixedassociations.Mostdataarecorrelative.Whenassociationsovertimearefound,theysuggestnotthatsocial-mediausepredictsorcausesdepression,butthatyoungpeoplewhoalreadyhavemental-healthproblemsusesuchplatformsmoreoftenorindifferentwaysfromtheirhealthypeers.Wearenotalonehere.Severalanalysesandsystematicreviewscentralizeonthesamemessage.Ananalysisdonein72countriesshowsnoconsistentormeasurableassociationsbetweenwell-beingandsocialmediaglobally.Moreover,studiesfromsomeauthoritiesfindsnoevidenceofintensechangesassociatedwithdigital-technologyuse.

Asapsychologiststudyingchildren’sandadolescents’mentalhealth,Iappreciateparents’frustration(沮丧)anddesireforsimpleanswers.Asaparentofadolescents,Iwouldalsoliketoidentifyasimplesourceforthepainthisgenerationisreporting.Thereare,however,nosimpleanswers.Thebeginninganddevelopmentofmentaldisordersaredrivenbyacomplexsetofgeneticandenvironmentalfactors.Moreyoungpeoplearetalkingopenlyabouttheirmental-healthstrugglesthaneverbefore.Butinsufficientservicesareavailabletoaddresstheirneeds.IntheUnitedStates,thereis,onaverage,oneschoolpsychologistforevery1,119students.Wehaveagenerationincrisisandindesperateneedofthebestofwhatscienceandevidence-basedsolutionscanoffer.Unfortunately,ourtimeisbeingspenttellingstoriesthatareunsupportedbyresearchandthatdolittletosupportyoungpeoplewhoneed,anddeserve,more.【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。作者认为《焦虑的一代》一书提出的数字技术导致儿童大脑重构和精神健康危机的观点缺乏科学依据。作者强调,精神障碍的成因复杂,需要基于科学和证据的解决方案,而不是简单归咎于社交媒体。12.WhatispresentedinTheAnxiousGeneration?A.Scarystoriesaffectchildren’sbrains.B.Parentsareresponsibleforchildren’shealth.C.Teen’smentalillnessresultsfromscreentime.D.Theepidemicofmentalillnessisunavoidable.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,thebook’srepeatedsuggestion...mentalillnessisunsupportedbyscience.”可知,该书重复暗示数字技术正在重构我们孩子的大脑,并导致精神健康问题的流行。C项与该描述相一致。故选C项。13.Whatdoes“thesamemessage”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A.Manycountriesdoresearchinmentalhealth.B.Well-beingandsocialmediaarecloselyrelated.C.Theyoungaretrappedinthemental-healthcrisis.D.Socialmediadon’tnecessarilycausementalillness.答案D解析词句猜测题。根据画线词前面一段中的内容“Whenassociationsovertimearefound...orindifferentwaysfromtheirhealthypeers.”以及画线词后面的内容“Ananalysisdonein72countriesshowsnoconsistentormeasurableassociationsbetweenwell-beingandsocialmediaglobally.”可知,“同样的信息”指的是社交媒体并不一定导致心理健康问题。通过在72个国家进行的一项分析显示,在全球范围内,幸福感和社交媒体之间没有一致的或可衡量的联系。故画线词指代的是社交媒体的使用与心理健康之间无必然联系。14.Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?A.Effectiveactionsneedtobetaken.B.Positivestoriesshouldbeshared.C.Financialsupportneedstobeprovided.D.Broaderresearchshouldbedone.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Wehaveagenerationincrisis...supportyoungpeoplewhoneed,anddeserve,more.”可知,对于年轻人的心理健康问题,我们正在浪费时间讲述没有研究支持的故事,而这些故事对需要帮助的年轻人并没有帮助,这暗示我们需要采取有效的行动来解决这个问题。15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tosuggestwaystohelpthoseinneed.B.Toencourageparentstobravethecrisis.C.Torecommendanewly-publishedbook.D.Togiveavoicetochildren’smentalissues.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ihadtosaysomething...causingtheepidemic(流行病)ofmentalillnessisunsupportedbyscience.”和最后一段中“Unfortunately,ourtimeisbeing...whoneed,anddeserve,more.”以及通读全文可知,整篇文章都在批评一本书的观点,并强调需要科学和证据支持的解决方案,而不应该把时间浪费在没有科学研究支持的结论中,由此表明作者的目的是引导人们对儿童心理健康问题以及真正引发该问题的原因进行关注和理解。D项“Togiveavoicetochildren’smentalissues.”符合作者的目的。Ⅱ.七选五(2024江西景德镇三模)Afewyearsago,thescientistsClaudiaTownsendattheUniversityofMiamiandSuzanneShuatUCLAAndersonSchoolofManagementconductedasimpleinvestigationintohowaesthetics(美学)influencesourinvestmentdecisions.Theyrandomlyassigned255studentstoreceiveanannualcorporatereport.Oneofthesereportswasaestheticallypleasing—16Theotherreportwasfarlessattractive.Afterleafingthroughthesetworeports—bothofwhichcontainedtheexactsamefactualinformation—thesubjectswereaskedtoestimatethelowestacceptablesellingpriceforsharesofthecompany.17

Ifinvestorswererationalagents,thenthelookofthereportshouldn’thavemattered—theyshouldberespondingonlytoitscontent.18TownsendandShufoundthatsubjectsgiventheprettierdocumentinsistedonanaveragesellingpriceof$327.01pershare.Thoseshownlessprettydocument,meanwhile,concludedthatthecompany’sshareswereworthonly$162.41.Thisresearchsuggeststhatthedesignoftheannualreportcansignificantlyinfluenceoursenseofvalue.

19Inrecentyears,scientistshavealsolookedathowaestheticsimpactsourperceptionsoftrust.Dowefindprettierwebsitesmoretrustworthy?There’snologicalreasonwhythatwouldbethecase,ofcourse,butthehumanmindisfullofillogicalpeculiarity.Sofar,theevidencesuggeststhatthelookofasiteishighlycorrelatedwithourratingsoftrust,20Inapaper,researchersshowedthatourfirstimpressionsofawebsite—theyshowedsu