2024北京海淀高三（上）期中英语（教师版）

第1页/共1页2024北京海淀高三（上）期中英语本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。It’s4:30a.m.andthelightsareblazingatFoodForward’swarehouse.Forkliftswhizaroundtheloadingdock,pullingpalletsofdonatedstrawberriesoffonetruckorpushingboxesofpotatoesontoanotherheadedto____1____peoplelaterintheday.EverythingmovesfastatFoodForward—anonprofitdevotedtogivingawayagriculturalproductsthatwould____2____bewasted.FoodForwardstarted15yearsago.Whenwanderingthroughhisneighborhood,RickNahmiasnoticedallthe____3____fruitonthetreesandconsideredhowhecouldmakethebestofthem.“Whynotgivethemtothoseinneed?”ThenNahmiasputanadonline,askingforvolunteerstohelphimpickunwantedfruitfordonation.Sixpeopleresponded,butonlyone____4____atthefirstevent.Hepersisted,andslowly,aninitialcoregroupformed.Forthenextninemonthsthey’dgatheronweekends,pickingfruitand____5____themtolocalfoodbanks.InOctober2009,Nahmiaswasoffereda$25,000grant,enablingtheirweekend“fun”tobecomeregular,whicheventuallycontributedtoasustainable____6____.ThusFoodForwardwasestablished.Thenonprofitquicklyexpanded,collectingnotonlyunwantedresidentialfruitbutalsomillionsofpoundsofunsold____7____fromfarmersmarketsandwholesalesellers.In2023,it____8____87millionpoundstofeedthestarvingpeople.Today,FoodForwardhas50employeesand2,000volunteers.Peoplewanttoworkhere.Everymorning,warehousemanager,driversandvendorsgreeteachotherbyname,usuallywithhandshakesthatendinhugs.Thiskindof____9____isalargepartofwhyFoodForwardhasbeensosuccessful.“_____10_____theabundance”isnotjustaslogan;it’sawayoflife.Weallhaveabundance;wejustneedtofindoutwhatitis,andgiveit.1.A.needy B.willing C.demanding D.greedy2.A.then B.instead C.otherwise D.still3.A.fresh B.unpicked C.unripe D.tasty4.A.setoff B.pulledin C.missedout D.showedup5.A.showing B.selling C.delivering D.recommending6.A.investment B.plan C.lifestyle D.organization7.A.meals B.produce C.clothing D.materials8.A.grew B.ordered C.traded D.distributed9.A.credit B.procedure C.relationship D.strategy10.A.Share B.Harvest C.Create D.Keep第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。YanQianqian,a29-year-oldZhuangwomanfromGuangxi,returnedtoherhometownafterworkingatanairportforfiveyears.In2021,togetherwithherfather,shefoundedanagriculturalcompanytoproducepickledbambooshoots,____11____isanessentialingredientforthepopularLuosifenricenoodles.Foryears,she____12____(work)withexpertsfromlocaluniversitiestoimprovethetraditionalmakingmethodsofthepickledbambooshootswithmoderntechnologies.Yanhopesmoreyoungpeoplewilljoinherinhelpingvillagersincreaseincomeandrevitalizevarious____13____(industry)inruralareas.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。Manyuniversitiesareconcernedaboutstudentsusingartificialintelligence.However,OxfordUniversityhastoldundergraduatestheycanuseitwithessaysaslongastheydonotrelyonit____14____factssinceAIcansometimesmakemistakes.StudentshavebeenadvisedtouseAItoorganizetheirthoughtswhile____15____(create)draftsofessays.Lastyear,thestudentsofeconomicsandmanagementatOxfordUniversity____16____(require)touseAItogenerateessays,butnormalrulesaboutplagiarism(抄袭)stillapplied.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。Learningtorefuseisanactofself-love.Justlikeagardenneedspruning(修剪)toflourish,ourlivesneedboundary-setting____17____(progress).Thinkofsayingnoastheactofremovingtheweedsthatlimitourpersonal____18____(grow).Bysayingno,wearereclaimingourautonomy.Weteachpeoplehowtotreatusby_____19_____weallowandwherewestop.When____20____(invite)toapartywedonotfeelcomfortableattending,wecansayno.Itdoesnotmeanrejectingfriendshipbutrathercommunicatingourlimits.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AVolunteerMatchhelpsyoueffectpositivechange.Yougetpassionateandhighlyqualifiedvolunteersmatchedwiththerightcauseattherightmoment.Oursoftwaresolutionautomatesworkflowandrepetitivetaskssuchaspostingandrepostingvolunteeropportunities.It’sfast,easy-to-useandeffective.Jointhelargestvolunteernetworkinthreesteps:1.claimyourorganization2.createapersonalprofile3.addvolunteeropportunitiesClaimyourorganizationandtakeadvantageofourfullsuiteofmemberbenefits,designedtohelpyousavetimeandeasilyrecruit(招募)andmanagevolunteers.ProMembershipBenefitsSavetimeandreportopportunitieswithoneclick.Streamlineyourcommunicationandautomaticallysendcustomgreetings,questionnairesanddocumentstopotentialvolunteers.✔RefreshyouropportunitieswithOneClickReposting✔Communicateeasilywithvolunteerengagementtools✔Boostrecruitmentwithaccesstoexclusivemarketingopportunities✔GrowyourskillsetwithaccesstoProresourcelibrary✔Showcaseyouropportunitiesonyourwebsitewithembeddablecode✔StoremorephotostoenhanceyouropportunitiesWhatnonprofitsaresayingaboutVolunteerMatch“It’saportalforvolunteerstoconnectwiththenonprofits,andinaway,it’sitsownsearchenginespecificallyforvolunteeropportunities.”“Whenthinkingaboutalltheplaceswecouldpostonlinetofindinterestedvolunteers,VolunteerMatchwasoneplaceweabsolutelywantedtohaveapresence.”21.VolunteerMatchcanhelp________.A.createapersonalprofile B.selecttheworkingproceduresC.undertakerepetitivetasks D.improvethequalificationofvolunteers22.PromembersofVolunteerMatchcan________.A.editdocumentswithoneclick B.startmarketingeventsC.storemorevolunteerphotos D.interacteasilywithcandidates23.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A.Nonprofitrecruiters. B.Searchengineengineers.C.Enthusiasticvolunteers. D.Workflowautomationdevelopers.BItwasaSeptemberafternoon.Theairwasthickandwarm,andbythetimemydadandIreachedthecove,whichwecalledaswimmingpalace,myclothesweredampanditchyonmyskin.Dadswamnearbyacove,divingintoasplashoffrontcrawl,headingouttowardtheedgeofournarrowbay.Overwhelmed,suddenly,withenvy,IdidwhatIhadn’tdoneinyears:Iheldmybreathandpulledmyownheadunderwater.There,suspendedbeneaththeglimmeringsurface,Iremembereditall.Myloveofdiving,swimming,riversandlakes.Ifeltthecoldocean’spressonmycheeksandmyeyelids,andknewwhatitwaslikeagain:tobefreeandfullypresentinmyownskin.ThoughI’vealwayslovedthewater,Ihadspentsevenyearspriortothatdaystayingawayfrommomentslikethisone.Iwasafraid.Strugglingforalongtimewithchronicacneandunhelpfultreatments,andthepressuresofteenagegirls’appearance,Ihadbecomeentirelyreliantonmymakeup.IneededtotalcontroloverhowIlooked,andgoingswimmingmeantwashingthiscontrolaway.MybarefaceandnaturalappearancewerenotsomethingIidentifiedwith.Ihatedit,deeply,thoughIwishedmorethananythingthatIdidn’t.Butthose10minutesofcontentmentIfloatedwithin—themuffledquietoftheunderwaterworld—werefuelforthenextchapterofmylife.Thiswouldbemyyardstick.Suddenly,itdidn’tmatterhowIdidit.Whetherthroughmedicationormentalattitude,Iwouldfindawaytohavethekindoflifethatallowedmetodiveintothewaterwheneveritcalled.Thatdaywasthebeginningofaslowbutdeterminedjourneybacktomyownbody—aslowunlearningofmydeepself-consciousness.Lifedidn’tchangeinaheartbeat:Ireturnedtotheshorewithallthesamefears,butIclothedmyselfinanewdeterminationtochangethings.Ifeltthetideturn.Reflectingonthismomentagaintoday,itseemsstrangetothinkthatgoingbare-facedonanemptybeachwassuchachallenge.ButthisisexactlytheperspectiveIhadoncedreamedofreaching.IdomybestnevertotakeforgrantedthisfreedomIhavefound.Topayattention,eachtimeIsinkunderthesurfaceofthewater,embracingthatswelloffearandjoyandliberation.24.Theauthoravoidedswimmingforsevenyearsbecause________.A.shehadnoaccesstothecove.B.shehadtoreceivetreatments.C.shehatedtoreapplyhermakeup.D.shefeltinsecurewithoutmakeup.25.Howdidtheauthorfeelaftershereturnedfromthediving?A.Hesitant. B.Resolved. C.Proud. D.Joyful.26.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Youcan’tjudgeabookbyitscover. B.Beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder.C.Self-acceptanceisthegreatestgift. D.Nothingisdifficulttoawillingheart.CFordecades,scientistshypothesizedthatcognitivelydemandingtasks,suchaswritingorsolvingmathproblems,requiremoreenergythaneasiertaskslikescrollingshortvideosonthephoneorlookingoutofthewindow.However,recentresearchprovestheviewwrong.Ourbrainsperformmassivelycomplexandmetabolicallycostlycomputationsalldaylong.“Whetheryou’reengagedinacognitivelydemandingtaskatwork,oryou’restaringoffintospace,yourbrainisusingroughlythesameamountofenergy,”saysneuroscientistToddBraverofWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis.Infact,whatfeelsmorechallengingiswhenataskrequiresthebraintogoagainstitsusualhabits.Cognitivelydemandingworkoftenrequiresthecoordination(协作)ofmanydifferentbrainregionsinnovelpatterns,whilesilencingcircuitsthatfrequentlyfiretogether.Studieshavefoundthatpushingagainstourbrain’shabitstriggersanemotionalresponse,makingusfeeluncomfortable.“It’saversive,anditjustfeelsbad,”saysMichaelInzlicht,apsychologistfromtheUniversityofToronto.Buthepointsoutthatemotionalresponsesaresubjective:Theyareinterpretationsofsensationsinourbodiesandbrains.Andwecaninfluencehowmuchwepayattentiontothesesensationsandevenhowweinterpretthem.Weoftenoverestimatethestruggleandpainrequiredtocompletecognitivetasks.Thisinitialoverestimationcanleadustoprocrastinate,orevenavoidthetaskaltogether.Studiessuggestthatifwecangetpastthatinitialhurdleofstartingatask,thenthinkingbecomeseasier.Onewaytodothatistopayattentiontothebenefitsinsteadoftheeffortsrequired.InastudypublishedinthejournalSciencein2020,AndrewWestbrook,aneuroscientistatRutgersUniversity,andhiscolleaguesgaveparticipantsthechoiceofsolvinganeasymemorypuzzleforasmallamountofmoneyoramuchharderpuzzleformoremoney.Theoptionsweredisplayedonascreen,andparticipants’eyemovementsweretrackedastheydecidedwhichpuzzletoattempt.Whenpeoplespentmoretimelookingattherewardforthechallengingpuzzle,theyweremorelikelytochooseit.Ifourmind’seye,orourattentionalfocus,isonthebenefitsofanoption,overtimewe’remorelikelytochoosetodohardthings.Performingcomplexmentaltaskswillalsobelesspainfuliftheexertionofmentaleffortishabitized.Whenwedon’thavetomakeadecisiontofocuseveryday,wewillsaveourselvesconsideringthecostsorconsequences.Tomakecognitivelydemandingtasksahabit,trytodothemeverydayatthesametimeandinthesameplace.Addaritualbeforetheworkstarts,suchasturningoffthephoneandlaunchinganapptoblockdistractingwebsites.Afterafewweeks,concentratingdeeplywon’tjustfeeleasier;itwillactuallybeeasier.27.Peoplemayfeelcertaincognitivetaskdemandingbecauseof________.A.morebrainenergyconsumption B.thecomplexityofcomputationsC.thehigherlevelofdifficulty D.newcoordinationofbrainparts28.Theauthorquotesthe2020studymainlyto________.A.supportasolution B.presentacaseC.analyzethecauses D.challengeanassumption29.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Overestimationpromotesefficiency.B.Personalperceptiondeterminesmotivation.C.Focusingonrewardsenhancesperformance.D.Braincounteractiontriggerspositiveemotions.30.Whichofthefollowingcanmakementalworkfeeleasier?A.Receivingcontinuoussupportwhenfeelingdown.B.Seekingprofessionalhelpwhenmeetingadeadline.C.Readingthickliteraryclassicsfortwentyminutesdaily.D.Breakingdownachallengingprojectintosmallertasks.DScienceshouldguidepolicy,butcautionisneededwhentechnologieslikeCRISPRhavethepotentialtoexcluderatherthanassistpeopletolivetheirlives.CRISPRcanbeusedtotreatdisease.Yetthefar-reaching,moreworryingpromiseofthistechnology—oneaboutwhichscientistsseematonceexcitedandcautious—liesinitsabilitytoeliminatefromthegenepoolwhatmedicalscienceidentifiesasfaultyorabnormalgenesthatcausedifferenceinindividualpeople.Certainly,goesthelogicofCRISPR’spromise,thegoalofriddingfuturegenerationsofterriblediseasesthatcausesufferinganddeathandexhaustresources,seemsanunquestionableenterprise.Thislogicisconsistentwithwidersocietalviews.Theideathatriddingsocietyofgeneticdifferencesthatcountasdefect(缺陷)isanundeniable“good”continuestobepervasive.Editingoutagene-linkedcondition,supportersmayargue,isdifferentfromeditingoutaperson,andcuringdiseaseisagoodthing.Butourgeneticconditionsarenotsimplyentitiesthatcanbeclippedawayfromusandourgeneticconditionsformafundamentalpartofwhoweare.Usinggenomemanipulationtoolsandperforminggeneticselectionisequaltoanewformofeugenic(优生学的)thinkinggroundedinwhatthecommunicationsstudiesscholarJamesL.Chemeycalls“commonsense”ableism,abeliefsystemthatallowspeopletosimultaneouslydenyanycommitmenttodistastefuleugenicprincipleswhilealsoholdingthemup.Ultimately,“commonsense”ableismembodiesasimilargoalofcleansingunacceptablehumanvariationsthatthecampaignstoeliminatethesupposedlyinferiorhaveheldinthepast.Peoplewith“bad”genesshouldn’tbeeditedoutofexistenceinsomeversionofautopian(乌托邦的)future.Evaluatingthequalityoflifeofanotherpersonismorallyquestionableinasocietybasedontheconceptthatallpeopleareofequalvalueregardlessoftheirindividualdifferences.Expandingdiversityinallitsforms,includingdisability,strengthensthehumancommunityethicallyandbiologicallybecauseitopensthepublicandprivatespheretoavarietyofperspectives,experiencesandideastolivetogetherwithmutualflourishing.Genomeeditingispowerfulinreshapingmedicaltreatments,butitcanalsobeharmfulbyeditingoutthekindsofpeoplethatmedicalscience,andthesocietyithasshaped,categorizeasdiseasedorgeneticallycontaminated—peoplewhoareunderstoodashavingbadgenes.Weshouldberemindedthatbadgenesdon’tnecessarilyleadtobadlives,justasgoodgenesdon’tnecessarilyleadtogoodlives.IfCRISPRisputtousetoeliminateratherthantotreatgeneticdifference,weasasocietywouldessentiallyinstrumentalizethismoralisticandreductionistassumption.31.Accordingtotheauthor,CRISPRis________.A.anecessaryevilintreatingseverediseasesB.aquestionabletoolforremovingfaultygenesC.apromisingtechnologytoconserveresourcesD.alogicalapproachtoimprovinghumangenetics32.Theauthordiscusses“commonsense”ableisminParagraph4to________.A.comparegeneticselectiontoeugenicthinkingB.tracetheevolutionofgeneticselectioninhistoryC.offeranexampleofcampaignstoremovebadgenesD.revealtherootofthesocietalviewongeneticdifferences33.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthelastsentencemean?A.Peopleneedtoadoptmoresimplifiedsolutions.B.ThesocietyshouldapplyCRISPRintootherfields.C.Thisbeliefmightbewidelypracticedinthesociety.D.Thetechnologywillbeusedtocreateautopianfuture.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheDarkSideofCRISPR B.IntheWakeofGeneticSelectionC.InDefenseofOurBadGenes D.ThePromiseandPriceofGeneEditing第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beingasportsfancanbearollercoasterride.Incrediblehighsifyouwin,depressinglowsifyoudon’t,andlotsofstressfulfeelingsinbetween.Thankfully,theoverallimpactshouldbeapositiveonebecauseresearchhasshownthatpeoplewhowatchsportsexperiencegreaterwellbeingthanthosewhodon’t.___35___ResearchcarriedoutbyAngliaRuskinUniversityhasfoundthatpeoplewhoattendedalivesportingeventinthelastyeararemoresatisfiedwiththeirlivesandarelesslonelythanpeoplewhohavenot.___36___ResearchhasshownthatpeoplewhowatchsportsonTVorontheinternetarealsolessdepressedthanthosewhodon’t.___37___Weseekconnectionthroughtheformationofin-groups:communitiesofpeoplewithwhomwesharesomethingincommon.Thesecommunitiesformpartofouridentities,andthroughthemwefindsocialandemotionalsupport.Anexampleofin-groupformationisthecommunitywesharewithpeoplewhosupportthesamesportsteamsasus.Throughoursharedsocialidentity,wealsosharethesocialandemotionalbenefitsofsuccessesamongourgroup.___38___However,whenourteamloses,wearemorelikelytodistanceourselvesfromourteamtoprotectourselvesfromnegativesocialandpsychologicalconsequences:“cuttingoffreflectedfailure”.Theroleofsocialprocesseslinkingsportsspectatorshipandwellbeingisdemonstratedbyresearchers.Theyfoundthatareasofthebrainassociatedwithpsychologicalrewardsweremoreactivewhenparticipantswatchedsportswherefansbondthroughsharedexperienceslikecheeringfortheteam.___39___Whetheryousupportyourteamatthegameorfromhome,youcanenjoythehighsandlowsofbeingasportsfan.Aslongasyou’resharingthatexperiencewithothers,it’sgoodforyou.A.Peoplearemoreactivewhenwatchingbaseballorfootball.B.Thisisprobablylinkedtothesocialaspectsofwatchingsports.C.Thepositiveeffectofwatchingsportsislikelyaboutsocialidentity.D.WatchingsportsonTVoronlinecanalsobegoodforone’swellbeing.E.Peoplewithhigherwellbeinghavebetterphysicalhealthandlivelonger.F.That’swhypeoplegaingreatermentalbenefitswhenwatchingfootballthangolf.G.ResearchersatKULeuvenhavecomicallynamedthis“bathinginreflectedglory”.第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。IsmileassoonasIamgreetedbythebarista(咖啡师)whoknowsmynameandorder.AsIheadtoatable,latteinhand,Ifeelalightnessinmystep.Thisisafeelingyoumightexperienceinyourdailylifeaswell.Chancesare,therearepeopleyoucomeintocontactwithdaily,whoyoumaynotknowwellbutcanputasmileonyourface.Peoplelikethisarecalled“consequentialstrangers”.Theycouldbetheneighboryouchattooreventhepersonyouregularlymakesmalltalkwithatthegym.Typically,ourlivesfeaturemanyconsequentialstrangers.Wemayonlyknowsomeofthemforashorttime,whereasothersmaybecomelongstandingpartsofourlives.Likeme,counsellorTinaChummunhasfoundthatthebaristasheseesregularlyisanimportantconsequentialstrangertoher.“Itrustthefeedbackfromthebaristabecauseshehasacompletelydifferentperspectiveofme,”sheexplains.Consequentialstrangerscangiveusaspacetotalkaboutthingsthatperhapswedon’twithotherpeopleinourlives,andtohearalternativeperspectives.Theseinteractionsareemotionallybeneficialaswell:theconsequentialstrangersinmylifenotonlyhelpmefeelastrongersenseofbelongingtomycommunitybutalsohelpwithloneliness.Andsomeoftheseconnectionscouldpotentiallybecomesupportiverelationshipswecanturntoforhelp.“Therearemanywaysthatyoucanapproachstrangersandstartconversations,”saysTina.“Ifyou’reatatrainstationwaitingforatrain,youcanstrikeupaconversationabouthowannoyingthedelayis.”Youmayfindthatthisbringsyouintoafullerconversation,butevenifyouonlyhaveafleetingexchangewithsomeone,thisisagreatwaytobuildyourconfidence.Ofcourse,noteveryconsequentialstrangerisgoingtobecomeagoodfriendandthat’sOK.Still,theyareavaluablepartofyourlife,abletomakeyousmileandfeelasenseofconnection.Andthatinitselfiswellworthcelebrating.40.Whatkindofpeopledoestheterm“consequentialstrangers”referto?_________________________________________________________41.Howdoconsequentialstrangerscontributetotheauthor’semotionalwell-being?_________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Havingconsequentialstrangersiswellworthcelebratingastheyaregoingtobecomeyourgoodfriends._________________________________________________________43.Writeaboutoneofyourconsequentialstrangersandhowhe/sheinfluencesyou.(Inabout40words)_________________________________________________________第二节(20分)44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim所在的学校正在征集“智慧校园”方案。他打算参与这项活动，来信询问你的建议。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：1.你的建议；2.说明理由。提示词:智慧校园smartcampus注意:1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.D5.C6.D7.B8.D9.C10.A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述RickNahmias成立非营利组织FoodForward，把那些原本会浪费的农产品送给有需要的人。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：叉车在装卸码头上呼啸而过，从一辆卡车上卸下捐赠的草莓托盘，或将一箱箱土豆推到另一辆车上，当天晚些时候运往有需要的人手中。A.needy贫困的，缺乏生活必需品的；B.willing愿意的；C.demanding苛求的；D.greedy贪婪的。由下文“thoseinneed”和“feedthestarvingpeople”可知，这里指把这些农产品给“缺乏生活必需品的”人，即有需求的人。故选A项。【2题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：FoodForward是一家非营利组织，致力于捐赠原本会被浪费的农产品。A.then然后；B.instead相反；C.otherwise否则；D.still仍然。由下文“unwantedfruit”可知，这些都是不捐赠的话，“否则”就会被原主人抛弃浪费的农产品。故选C项。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当RickNahmias在附近闲逛时，他注意到树上所有未摘的水果，并考虑如何充分利用它们。A.fresh新鲜的；B.unpicked未摘过的；C.unripe未成熟的；D.tasty美味的。由下文“pickunwantedfruit”可知，这里指RickNahmias注意到树上所有“未摘的”，即主人不要的水果。故选B项。【4题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：六个人做出了回应，但只有一个人出现在第一次活动中。A.setoff出发；B.pulledin吸引；C.missedout遗漏；D.showedup出现。由上文“Sixpeopleresponded”以及but表转折可知，这里指但只有一个人“出现”帮忙。故选D项。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，他们会在周末聚会，摘水果并把它们送到当地的食品银行。A.showing显示；B.selling卖；C.delivering交付，运送；D.recommending推荐。由下文“tolocalfoodbanks”以及语境可知，这里指把水果“运送”到当地的食品银行。故选C项。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2009年10月，Nahmias获得了25000美元的资助，使他们的周末“乐趣”成为常态，最终促成了可持续发展的组织。A.investment投资；B.plan计划；C.lifestyle生活方式；D.organization组织。由下文“ThusFoodForwardwasestablished”可知，这里指最终促成一个可持续发展的“组织”。故选D项。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该非营利组织迅速扩张，不仅收集了不需要的住宅水果，还从农贸市场和批发商那里收集了数百万磅未售出的农产品。A.meals餐；B.produce产品，农产品；C.clothing服装；D.materials材料。由上文“boxesofpotatoes”，可知，该组织除了收水果，还收其它“农产品”。故选B项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2023年，它分发了8700万磅来养活饥饿的人们。A.grew长大；B.ordered命令；C.traded交易；D.distributed分配。由上文“Whynotgivethemtothoseinneed?”以及语境可知，这里指2023年该组织共“分配”很多农场品给需要的人。故选D项。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种关系是FoodForward如此成功的重要原因。A.credit信用卡；B.procedure程序；C.relationship关系；D.strategy策略。由上文“Everymorning,warehousemanager,driversandvendorsgreeteachotherbyname,usuallywithhandshakesthatendinhugs.”可知，这里指大家合作且和睦的“关系”是FoodForward成功的原因。故选C项。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“分享富足”不仅仅是一句口号；这是一种生活方式。我们都有富足；我们只需要找出它是什么，并分享它。A.Share分享；B.Harvest收获；C.Create创建；D.Keep保持。由上文“pickunwantedfruitfordonation”以及语境可知，这里指“分享”所富足的东西。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。【答案】11.which12.hasbeenworking##hasworked13.industries【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是来自广西的壮族女性YanQianqian放弃城市工作，返回家乡与父亲共同创办农业公司，利用现代技术改进传统腌制竹笋工艺，以生产作为螺蛳粉重要配料的腌制竹笋。【11题详解】考查定语从句。句意：2021年，她与父亲一同创立了一家农业公司，生产腌制竹笋，这些竹笋是螺蛳粉的配料。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词pickledbambooshoots是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。【12题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，她一直与当地大学的专家合作，用现代技术改进传统的腌笋制作方法。由Foryears可知，句子时态用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，主语she是单数，因此空格处是hasbeenworking/hasworked。故填hasbeenworking/hasworked。【13题详解】考查名词的复数。句意：Yan希望更多的年轻人能和她一起帮助村民增加收入，振兴农村地区的各种产业。由various可知，空格处用复数，industry的复数是industries，故填industries。【答案】14.for15.creating16.wererequired【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是牛津大学对于学生使用人工智能（AI）撰写论文的态度和规定。【14题详解】考查介词。句意：然而，牛津大学告诉本科生，他们可以在论文中使用人工智能，只要他们不依赖它来获取事实，因为人工智能有时会犯错误。根据语境可知，句子表示“牛津大学告诉本科生，他们可以在论文中使用人工智能，只要他们不依赖它来获取事实”，relyon...for...是固定搭配，意为“依靠……来获取……”，因此空格处用介词for，故填for。【15题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：学生们被建议在撰写论文草稿时使用人工智能来组织他们的想法。根据语境，while引导的时间状语从句表示“当学生们在撰写论文草稿时”，句子用现在进行时，主语Students是复数，因此while引导的从句是whiletheyarecreatingdraftsofessays，从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是creating。故填creating。【16题详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：去年，牛津大学经济管理专业的学生被要求使用人工智能撰写论文，但有关抄袭的常规规则仍然适用。学生是被要求使用人工智能撰写论文，由Lastyear可知，句子描述过去的事情，因此句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语thestudentsofeconomicsandmanagementatOxfordUniversity是复数，因此空格处是wererequired。故填wererequired。【答案】17.toprogress18.growth19.what20.invited【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是学会拒绝的重要性及其对个人成长和自我爱护的积极影响。【17题详解】考查不定式。句意：就像花园需要修剪才能繁茂一样，我们的生活也需要设定界限才能进步。根据语境可知，句子表示“就像花园需要修剪才能繁茂一样，我们的生活也需要设定界限才能进步”，空格处用不定式表目的，故填toprogress。【18题详解】考查名词。句意：把说“不”看作是清除限制我们个人成长的杂草的行为。personal是形容词，修饰名词，句子表示“把说“不”看作是清除限制我们个人成长的杂草的行为”，空格处意为“成长”，名词是growth，是不可数名词，故填growth。【19题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们通过允许什么和在哪里止步来教会别人如何对待我们。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“我们通过允许什么和在哪里止步来教会别人如何对待我们”，因此空格处用what引导宾语从句，故填what。【20题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被邀请参加一个我们觉得不太舒服的聚会时，我们可以说不。when引导的时间状语从句表示“当我们被邀请参加一个我们觉得不太舒服的聚会时”，我们是被邀请，句子用被动语态，当状语从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致，且含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句中的主语和be，此处相当于省略了weare，故填invited。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。【答案】21.C22.D23.A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了VolunteerMatch平台如何帮助非营利组织高效地招募和管理志愿者，以及成为专业会员后可享受的各种福利。【21题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Oursoftwaresolutionautomatesworkflowandrepetitivetaskssuchaspostingandrepostingvolunteeropportunities.(我们的软件解决方案自动化了工作流程和重复性任务，例如发布和转发志愿者机会。)”可知，VolunteerMatch可以帮助自动处理重复的任务。故选C。【22题详解】推理判断题。由文章ProMembershipBenefits部分中“Streamlineyourcomm