2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit1Natureinthebalance课时作业3含解析牛津译林版必修第三册

PAGEUnit1Natureinthebalance课时分层作业(三)Ⅰ.阅读理解ALiveintheCity—Manyofusyearntoliveinthecountry，sowecanbeclosertonatureandenjoypeaceandquiet.However，whenwedothistherearelesswildareasforwildlife.Weneedtodevelopanewenvironmentaltheory，whichencouragespeopletostayinthecities.Wehavetomakecitiesmorelivableandleavetheremainingwildareasforthewildlife.SupportStrictZoning—Landusezoning(土地用途分区管制)isoneofthefewtoolsthegovernmentcanusetoprotectwetlands，naturalareasandenvironmentalcorridors.Unfortunately，suchzoningisoftenopposedbypowerfullanddevelopersorpoliticalforces.It'simportantforcitizenstoshowsupportforzoningtooffsetthesenegativepressures.SupportOrganizationsPreservingRareProperties—Severalgroupsspecializeinbuyingandkeepingpiecesofimportantwildlifehabitatwhicharethreatenedwithdevelopment.CreateHabitatinYourBackyard—Youcanmakeyourownbackyardhabitatforwildlifebyplantingnativeplants，puttingnestboxesinthetreesandsoon.SaveEnergy—Wemustworktogethertouselessenergy.Thisisimportanttostopclimatechangeandglobalwarming.Savingenergyalsoreducesdirecthabitatlossesandairandwaterpollution，allofwhichthreatenwildlife.LimitYourFamilySize—Eachpersonrequiresspaceandnaturalresourcestolive.Thehumanpopulationisrapidlyrisingtolevelswhichmakeitdifficulttoprovideenoughresourcesforhumanswhilemaintainingahealthyenvironmentforwildlife.Ifeachcouplelimitedthemselvestonomorethan2children，theworld'spopulationwouldstabilize(稳定)andbeabletosupporteveryonewithoutconflictorsuffering.GetInvolvedandTalktoLawMakers—Manyofourlawsarenothelpfulforpreservingwildlifehabitatorsavingenergy，andsomepoliciesactuallyrewardlargeenergyusers.Citizensneedtocontacttheirlawmakersandaskforbetterpolicies.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了我们一般人可以做哪些事情来爱护野生动物。1．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．WhereShouldWeLiveintheFuture?B．HowtoProtectOurEnvironment?C．WhyShouldWeSaveEnergy?D．WhatCanWeDotoHelpWildlife?D[标题归纳题。本文中的几项内容都是关于我们一般人可以做哪些事情爱护野生动物的。]2．Theunderlinedword“yearn”inparagraph1probablymeans“________”．A．hope B．fearC．hate D．failA[词义揣测题。依据后半句的内容，居住在乡下能使人们亲近大自然，享受平和宁静的生活，所以人们希望到乡下居住。]3．WhichofthefollowingactionswillNOTdestroythehomesofwildlife?A．Buildinghousesinthecountry.B．Puttingnestboxesinthebackyard.C．Releasingdirtywaterintoariver.D．Coupleshavingmanychildren.B[细微环节理解题。依据文章内容可知，居住在乡下、污染水资源和增加人口都会威逼到野生动物的家园，而人工放置鸟巢是爱护野生动物的一种方式，所以选B项。]BEveryyear，over7.72trillionkilogramsofplasticiswashedintotheoceans.Therearefivehugeareasintheworld'soceansthatarea“soup”offloatingrubbish.Oneoftheseareas，theGreatPacificGarbagePatch(GPGP)，isthreetimesaslargeasFrance.Overayearago，agroupcalledOceanCleanupbeganusingahugefloatingscreentotrytocleanupplasticpollutionintheocean.Afterseveralfailures，thegroupisnowcollectingplasticintheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.Buttheplasticisspreadingoutoveralargearea，soit'simpossibletocollectitpiecebypiece.So，theOceanCleanuphadaplan.TheygotalongfloatingU­shapedtubewithascreenhangingbelowit.Asthetubeandscreenarepushedbythewaterandthewinds，theUismeanttocollectplasticrubbish，makingiteasyforashiptocollectandremovetheplastic.Thesystemusesthepowerofthewindandocean，soitdoesn'tneedfuel.Thegroupbegantestingthefirstversion，called“System001”，lastSeptember.Butitsoonbecameclearthatthescreenwasjustmovingwiththeplastic，notcollectingit.Sometimesplasticwouldwashoverthetopofthetube.Evenworse，“System001”gotbrokenbyButMr.Slat，whogottheideafortheOceanCleanupsystem，seestheprojectasanexperiment，whichmeansafailureisachancetolearn.Theteamcollectedandstudiedlotsofinformationaboutwhatworkedwellandwhatdidn't.Thentheychangedthedesign.InJune，animprovedversion，called“System001/B”wastowedbacktotheGPGP.Thenewversionhasaparachute(着陆伞)attachedtoit.Thismakesthesystemmoveslightlyslowerthantheplastic，allowingtheplastictobecollectedinside，asplanned.ButthissuccessisstilljustthebeginningoftheworkoftheOceanCleanup.Theywantabetterandlargersystem.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述每年有大量塑料垃圾被冲入海洋并漂移在海面上，一个叫做OceanCleanup的团队研制出了收集塑料垃圾的工具并不断地进行完善。4．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowinParagraph1?A．Humansshouldtrytopreventplasticwaste.B．TheGPGPisfacingdifferentkindsofpollution.C．Plasticpollutionintheoceanshasbecomeaseriousproblem.D．Aseriesofproblemshasbeencausedbyplasticpollution.C[推理推断题。依据第一段内容可知，每年有超过7.72万亿公斤的塑料被冲进海洋。世界上有五个巨大的海洋区域是漂移垃圾的“汤”。其中的大太平洋垃圾带(GPGP)的面积是法国的三倍。由此可推知，在第一段中，作者通过列数字的方式是想表达海洋中的塑料污染已经成为一个严峻的问题。故选C。]5．Whatwasthegroup'splan?A．Tomakeuseofthewaterandthewinds.B．Tocreateashiptocollectwasteintheoceans.C．Tocollectthefloatingplasticwastepiecebypiece.D．Togatherupthefloatingplasticwasteintheoceans.D[细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Overayearago，agroupcalledOceanCleanupbeganusingahugefloatingscreentotrytocleanupplasticpollutionintheocean.Afterseveralfailures，thegroupisnowcollectingplasticintheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.”可知一年多前，一个名为海洋清理的组织起先运用一个巨大的浮动筛来清理海洋中的塑料污染。经过几次失败后，该组织现在正在大太平洋垃圾带收集塑料。由此可知，这个团体的安排是收集海洋中漂移的塑料垃圾。故选D。]6．Whatcanweknowaboutthe“System001”？A．Itwasafailure.B．Itwasagreatsuccess.C．Itworkedwithaparachute.D．Itneededtobefueledregularly.A[细微环节理解题。依据第三段中“Butitsoonbecameclearthatthescreenwasjustmovingwiththeplastic，notcollectingit.Sometimesplasticwouldwashoverthetopofthetube.Evenworse，‘System001’gotbrokenbysurgingseasandhadtobetowedtoHawaiiforrepairs.(但很快就发觉，这块筛只是随着塑料的移动而移动，而不能收集垃圾。有时塑料会从管子的顶部冲洗出来。更糟糕的是，‘System001’被汹涌的海浪打破，不得不被拖到夏威夷进行修理。)”以及第四段第一句“ButMr.Slat，whogottheideafortheOceanCleanupsystem，seestheprojectasanexperiment，whichmeansafailureisachancetolearn.(但产生海洋清理系统想法的Slat认为，这个项目是一个试验，也就是说，失败是一个学习的机会。)”可知，“System7．WhatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninParagraph3?A．Vast. B．Rough.C．Calm. D．Peaceful.B[词义揣测题。依据上文“Evenworse，‘System001’gotbroken”可知有更糟糕的是，“System001”被汹涌的海浪打破，不得不被拖到夏威夷进行修理。由此可知，画线单词意思为“汹涌的Ⅱ.读后续写阅读下面材料，依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Formanyyears，Ihadarecurring(重复出现的)dream.Iwasalittlegirlagain，rushingabout，tryingtogetreadyforschool.“Hurry，you'llbelateforschool，”mymothercalledtome.“Iamhurrying，Mom!WhatdidIdowithmybooks？”DeepinsideIknewwherethedreamcamefrom.Itwasaboutsomeunfinishedbusinessinmylife.Asakid，Ilovedeverythingaboutschool.Ilovedbooks，teachers，testsandhomework.MostofallIlongedtosomedaymarchdowntheaisle(通道)toreceivemydiploma.Thatseemedmoreappealingeventhangettingmarried.Butat15，Ihadtodropoutbecausemyparentscouldn'taffordtuition.Myhopeofgettingadiploma(毕业证书)wasdead，orsoIthought.Prettysoon，Imarriedandhadthreechildren，andIthought：“Theregoesmydiploma.”Evenso，Iwantedmychildrentobeeducated.ButLinda，ouryoungestchild，hadjuvenilearthritis(幼年型关节炎)inherhandsandknees，whichmadeitimpossibleforhertofunctioninanormalclassroom.IfeltreallysorryforherandIdidn'twanthertoliveherlifewithregret.Ididn'tgiveuphopeofherbeingbacktoschoolinsomeway.Oneday，Isawanadinthenewspaperforeveningcourses.“That'stheanswer，”Isaidtomyself.Lindaalwaysfeelsbetterintheevening，soI'lljustsignherupfornightschool.Lindawasbusyfillingoutenrollment(入学)formswhenthesecretarysaid：“Mrs.Schantz，whydon'tyoucomebacktoschool？”Ilaughed：“There'snoway!I'm55！”Buthepersisted，andbeforeIknewwhatIhaddone，IwasenrolledforclassesinEnglishandcrafts.“Thisisonlyanexperiment，”Iwarnedhim，buthejustsmiled.So，Itoldmyselftotryforjustasemesterandtoseeifitwouldwork.Anyway，mydreamwasstillthereinmyheart.留意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Paragraph1：Itwasexcitingtogotoschoolagainbutitwasnogame.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2：LindaandIhelpedeachotherthroughthetime.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________