2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit1PeopleofAchievement四单元小测课时作业含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册

PAGEUnit1PeopleofAchievement课时作业(四)单元小测必备学问基础练进阶训练第一层Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Anaccompanyingeconomic________(analyse)saidthatalackofmathsskillscosttheUK20billionpoundsperyear.2．It'snot________(vital)importantthatwegetextrafundingfortheprojectbutitwouldhelp.3．Whetheryoucandothe________(science)researchworkwellentirelydependsonhowhardyouwillwork.4．Whenthewheelgot________(stick)inthemud,hejumpedintotheswamptopushthecartoutwithhisshoulder.5．He________(acknowledge)thathehadbrokenthelaw.6．Mistakesduetocarelessnessmayhaveserious________(consequence)．7．Sincethenewpresidentcame________power,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecountry.8．Thearticlesummed________thenewachievementsmadeinelectroniccomputers,artificialsatellitesandrockets.9．Tomstudieshardandlikestohelpothers,________iswhathisparentsexpect.10．IleftonSunday,________everyonewasathome.Ⅱ.完成句子1．普遍认为簇新食物对我们的健康有益。(Itisacknowledgedthat...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．据报道3人在这起交通事故中受伤。(Itisreportedthat...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．这个法国人说起长城似乎他以前去过那里似的。(asif)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．我突然想到我可以把书捐给慈善机构(charity)。(Itstrikessb.that...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．他坚持主见由于天气不好运动会应推迟到下周。(insistthat...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6．贫困国家最须要的不是钱而是先进的技术。(not...but...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7．由于努力学习，在昨天的英语竞赛中他得了满分。(asaconsequenceof...)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8．当他醒悟过来时，他发觉自己被一群男孩包围了。(find＋宾语＋宾补)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9．在大街上走着的时候，我偶然遇见了李雷，我很多年没有见过他了。(定语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10．史密斯先生昨天退休了，他女儿去年考上了清华高校。(定语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________关键实力提升练进阶训练其次层Ⅰ.阅读JacobandWilhelmGrimmweretwoyoungmenfromGermanywholovedagoodstory.Asuniversitystudents,theybecameinterestedinfolktales—traditionalstoriesthatpeoplememorizedandtoldagainandagain.TheybegantocollecttraditionalfolktalesfromstorytellersalloverGermany.ManyweresimilartostoriestoldinFrance,Italy,Japan,andothercountries.Between1812and1814,thebrotherspublishedtwobooksinGerman.Theseincludedstorieslike“HanselandGretel”and“LittleRedRidingHood”．DespitethefactthatJacobandWilhelmGrimmareoftenassociatedwithSnowWhiteandRapunzel,thebrothersdidn'tactuallywriteanyofthosestories.Infact,thestoriesexistedlongbeforethetwomenwereborninGermanyinthemid1780s.Thefairytales,infact,werepartofarichoraltradition—passeddownfromgenerationtogeneration,oftenbywomenseekingtopassthetimeduringhouseholdchores.In1812,JacobandWilhelmpublishedthestoriesaspartofacollectiontitledNurseryandHouseholdTales,orwhatisnowknownasGrimm'sFairyTales.TheGrimmbrothers'taleswereabouttraditionallifeandbeliefs.Forexample,forestsarecommoninGermany,andthisimageoftenappearsintheGrimms'stories.Inthepast,manypeoplebelievedforestsweredangerousplaces.IntheGrimms'stories,aforestisthehomeofevilwitches,talkinganimals,andothermagicalbeings.Althoughmostpeopletodaythinkofthesestoriesasfairytalesforchildren,thebrothersfirstwrotethemforadults.Manyoftheirearlytalesweredarkandalittlescary.Later,thebrotherschangedthetextofsomeoftheoriginalstories.They“softened”manyofthetalesandaddeddrawings.Thismadethemmoreappropriate(合适的)forchildren.Liketheearlytales,though,eachstorystillhasamoral:_workhard,begood,andlistentoyourparents.Actually,university­trainedphilologists(语言学者)andlibrarians,JacobandWilhelmGrimmpublishedmorethanfairytales.Theywrotebooksaboutmythology,andpublishedscholarlyworksonlinguisticsandmedievalstudies.1．Whatisthemainpurposeofthereading?A．TocomparetheGrimms'storiestomodernchildren'sstories.B．ToexplainwhystorytellingisimportantinGermany.C．ToexaminetwooftheGrimms'fairytales.D．TogiveinformationabouttheGrimmbrothersandtheirstories.2．WhichofthesestatementsistrueabouttheGrimmbrothers?A．Theyinventedthefairytalesintheirbooks.B．Theywrotetheirbooksindifferentlanguages.C．Theybecameinterestedinfolktalesasstudents.D．Theytraveledtomanycountriestocollectstories.3．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“moral”underlinedinParagraph4?A．Interest.B．Text.C．Story.D．Message.4．WhatdoweknowabouttheGrimms'stories?A．Thelaterstorieshadmorals,liketheearlyones.B．Theearlystorieswerewrittenforchildren.C．Theearlystorieshadalotofdrawings.D．ThelaterstoriesreflectedGermanlife,buttheearlyonesdidn't.Ⅱ.七选五BlackFridayisthedayafterThanksgivingDayintheUSA,fallingontheFridayafterthefourthThursdayinNovember.__1__ManypeoplechooseadayfromtheirannualleaveandhaveadayoffonBlackFriday.Somepeopleusethistotaketripstoseefamilymembersorfriendswholiveinotherareasortogoonvacation.ShoppingforChristmaspresentsispopularonBlackFriday.Manystoreshavespecialoffersandlowertheirpricesofsomegoods,suchastoys.Publiclife__2__ManypeopletakeadayoffonthedayafterThanksgivingDay.ManyorganizationsalsoclosefortheThanksgivingweekend.Publictransportationsystemsmayrunontheirnormalscheduleormayhavechanges.SomestoresextendtheiropeninghoursonBlackFriday.__3__BackgroundBlackFriday,thedayafterThanksgivingDay,isoneofthebusiestshoppingdaysintheUSA.__4__OnetheoryisthatthewheelsofvehiclesinheavytrafficonthedayafterThanksgivingDayleavemanyblackmarksontheroadsurface,leadingtotheterm“BlackFriday”．Theothertheoryisthattheterm“BlackFriday”comesfromanoldwayofrecordingbusinessaccounts.__5__Manybusinesses,particularlysmallbusinesses,startedmakingprofitsbeforeChristmas.TheyhopedtostartshowingaprofitmarkedinblackinkonthedayafterThanksgivingDay.Morerecently,BlackFridayhasbeenexportedtonationsoutsideofNorthAmericasuchastheUnitedKingdombymajoronlineretailerslikeAmazonorApple.In2011,IBMreportedonlineBlackFridaysaleswereupby24.3%,accordingtoastudythatincludes500retailers.A．People'sactivitiesB．HistoryofBlackFriday.C．Losseswererecordedinredinkandprofitsinblackink.D．Abusyshoppingdayisaholidayinsomestates.E．Therecanalsobejamsonroadstopopularshoppingdestinations.F．Therearetwopopulartheoriesastowhyitiscalled“BlackFriday”．G．BlackFridayisnotafederalholidaybutapubliconeinsomestates.Ⅲ.完形填空Alittleboyalmostconsideredhimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworldbecauseaterribleillnessmadehisleglame(瘸的).He__1__playedwithhisclassmates;whentheteacheraskedhimtoanswerquestions,healways__2__hisheadwithoutaword.Onespring,theboy'sfathergotsomesaplings(树苗)andtoldhis__3__toplantoneeachperson.Thefatheralso__4__tobuyafavouritegiftforwhoevergrewbest.Theboyalsowantedtogethisfather's__5__.Butseeinghisbrothersandsisterscarrywateractively,helost__6__.Soafterwateringitonceortwice,henever__7__it.Afewdayslater,whenthelittleboywenttoseehistreeagain,hewas__8__tofindthatitappearedgreenerandstrongerthanhissisters'andbrothers'.Hisfather__9__hispromise,andsaidthathewouldsurelybecomeanoutstandingbotanist(植物学家)whenhe__10__up.Fromthenon,thelittleboyslowlybecame__11__.Onenight,hesuddenlyrecalledwhatthe__12__teacheroncesaid:Plantsgenerallygrowatnight.Thenhecametothecourtyardandunexpectedlyfoundhisfather__13__underhistreewithabigspoon.Suddenly,heunderstoodhisfatherhadbeensecretlywateringhissmalltree!Decadespassed.Thelittleboydidn'tbecomeabotanist,buthewaselectedPresidentoftheUnitedStates.HisnamewasFranklinDelanoRoosevelt.__14__isthebestnutrition(养分)oflife;evenifitisjustonespoonfulofclear__15__，itcanmakethetreeoflifelively.1．A.alwaysB．seldomC．frequentlyD．sometimes2．A.loweredB．raisedC．keptD．nodded3．A.daughtersB．sonsC．childrenD．neighbours4．A.demandedB．promisedC．agreedD．wished5．A.giftB．praiseC．toolD．help6．A.touchB．sightC．heartD．face7．A.lookedafterB．lookedforC．lookedaroundD．lookedinto8．A.disappointedB．excitedC．worriedD．surprised9．A.changedB．madeC．keptD．broke10．A.grewB．wokeC．gaveD．stayed11．A.hopelessB．optimisticC．guiltyD．generous12．A.historyB．physicsC．chemistryD．biology13．A.workingB．restingC．sleepingD．singing14．A.HelpB．LoveC．WorkD．Promise15．A.sandB．soupC．soilD．waterⅣ.语法填空Thesummersolstice(夏至)hasbeenwidelyrecognizedasafestivalthroughouttheworld.Thewordsolsticeoriginates(起源)fromtheLatinsolandsistere,1.________(mean)“sun­standing”.2.________thedayslengthen,thesunriseshigherandhigheruntilitseemstostandstillinthesky.Itisoneofthegreatturningpointsoftheyear,whenthesunisatits3.________(high)pointintheskyduringayear.Today,thedayiscelebratedaroundtheworld.InEnglandthousandsgathertowelcomethesunriseonthesummersolstice.ThroughoutEuropegroupslightafireandstayupallnighttowelcomethedawn.InParis,theday4.________(mark)withfreeconcertsduringtheeveryyear'sFêtedelaMusique.Whenitcomes5.________theU.S．，thecityofSantaBarbarainCaliforniaholdsthecounty'sbiggest6.________(celebrate)thatlastsafullthree­daytime.OntheEastCoast,NewYorkCity7.________(tradition)welcomesthesummersolsticewithamusicconcertattheCathedralofSaintJohntheDivine.InthesouthernpartofChina,eatinglychees(荔枝)duringthesummersolstice8.________(be)alongtraditionbecauseeatinglycheeswillcauseless“heat”tothebody.ThereisasayinginShandongⅤ.读后续写阅读下面材料，依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Aliandhisyoungersister,Zahra,livedwiththeirparentsinapoorneighborhood.Theirmotherwasverysickandtheirfatherwasstrugglingtofindajob,andtheyhadonlyalittlemoneywithwhichtobuyfood.Astheyhadnotpaidtherentforseveralmonths,thelandlordwasbreathingdowntheirnecks(盯着他们)．Oneday,AlitookZahra'sshoestoashoerepairmantobefixed,buthelostthemonthewayhome.Itwasn'tuntilhegothomethatherealizedhehadlosttheshoes.Hewasafraidthathisparentswouldbeangryanddisappointed,sohebeggedhissistertokeepitsecret.ZahraagreedandthetwodecidedtoshareAli'srunningshoes.Zahra'sschoolhourswereinthemorning,soshewouldwearthemfirst.Afterschool,shewouldrushbackandgivethemtoAli.Hecouldthenruntohisschool,whichbeganintheafternoon.Althoughheranasfastashecould,Alioftenarrivedlateandwaswarnedbytheschool.Aliheardaboutalongdistanceracethatwasheldfortheboysinthecity.Whenhelearnedthatthethirdprizewasanewpairofshoes,hedecidedtotakepart.Heranhomeexcitedlyandpromisedhissisterthathewouldwinherthenewshoes.Thedayofracearrived.Alihadastrongstart,buthalfwaythroughtheracehebegantogettiredandhislegsbegantoache.GettingmoreandmoreexhaustedhethoughtonlyofZahraandhispromisetoher.Dreamingofthenewshoeshewouldwinforhissistergavehimstrength,andhestayedrightbehindthetwofastestrunners,determinedtofinishthird.Suddenly,asthefinishlinedrewnear,anotherrunnercollided(碰撞)withAlifrombehindandhecrashedtotheground.留意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Alilookedupandsawtheotherboysrushingahead.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Filledwithpleasure,Aliwalkedhomequickly.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课时作业(四)单元小测必备学问基础练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．analysis2.vitally3.scientific4.stuck5.acknowledged6.consequences7.to8.up9.which10.whenⅡ.完成句子1．Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatfreshfoodisbeneficialtoourhealth.2．Itisreportedthatthreepeoplewereinjuredinthetrafficaccident.3．TheFrenchmantalkedabouttheGreatWallasifhehadbeentherebefore.4．ItstruckmethatIcoulddonatethebookstocharities.5．Heinsistedthatthesportsmeetingbeputofftillthenextweekbecauseofthebadweather.6．Whatpoorcountriesneedmostisnotmoneybutadvancedtechnology.7．Asaconsequenceofhardwork,hegotfullmarksintheEnglishcontestyesterday.8．Whenhecametohimself,hefoundhimselfsurroundedbyagroupofboys.9．Walkingdownthestreet,IcameacrossLiLei,whomIhadn'tseenforyears.10．Mr.Smithretiredyesterday,whosedaughterwenttoTsinghua关键实力提升练Ⅰ.阅读【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了格林兄弟及其作品。1．答案与解析：D主旨大意题。通读全文，特殊是依据第一段，雅各布·格林和威廉·格林是两个来自德国的年轻人，他们喜爱听好听的故事。作为高校生，他们起先对民间故事感爱好——人们反复记忆和讲解并描述的传统故事。他们起先从德国各地的说书人那里收集传统民间故事，以及下文可知，文章主要介绍了格林兄弟及其作品。故选D。2．答案与解析：C细微环节理解题。由文章第一段其次句话Asuniversitystudents,theybecameinterestedinfolktales—traditionalstories可知，当他们还是学生的时候，就对民间故事特别感爱好。3．答案与解析：D词义揣测题。依据上文可知，格林童话和早期民间故事一样，教人们努力、和善、听爸妈的话这样的道德寓意。4．答案与解析：A细微环节理解题。依据第四段Liketheearlytales,though,eachstorystillhasamoral:workhard,begood,andlistentoyourparents.可知，格林童话的故事和早期一样，都有寓意。Ⅱ.七选五【语篇解读】本文讲解并描述了黑色星期五。黑色星期五是美国感恩节之后的一天，在11月的第四个星期四之后的星期五。很多人都在这一天休假。这一天也是美国最繁忙的购物日之一，这种购物传统也延长到了国外。1．答案与解析：A依据设空位置可知，这是一个小标题，通读设空处后的内容可知，这段讲解并描述了人们在黑色星期五时的活动，故选A项。2．答案与解析：G依据上下文可知，黑色星期五不是联邦假日，而是一些州的公共假日。很多人在感恩节后的一天休假。很多组织也会因感恩节周末关闭。故选G项。3．答案与解析：E依据上文可知公共交通运营或许有变更，一些商场延长营业时间。由于很多人选择在这一天上街购物，因此马路上也会有交通堵塞的状况。故选E项。4．答案与解析：F本段讲解并描述黑色星期五的由来，依据下文“Onetheory...Theothertheory...”得知，关于为什么被称为“黑色星期五”，有两种普遍的理论。故选F项。5．答案与解析：C依据上文“黑色星期五”这个词来源于一种古老的商家记账的方式，以及下文很多企业，尤其是小型企业，在圣诞节前起先盈利。很多企业希望用黑色墨水标明利润。可知设空处是讲解并描述的古老的记账方式，亏损用红墨水记录，利润用黑墨水记录，故选C项。Ⅲ.完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲解并描述了种树的经验让罗斯福变更了性格，最终成为美国总统。文章告知我们爱是生命最好的养分。1．答案与解析：B依据上句Alittleboyalmostconsideredhimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworldbecauseaterribleillnessmadehisleglame.可知，一个小孩因为腿瘸而认为自己是世界上最不幸的孩子，说明他自卑，很少和同学一起玩。故选B项。2．答案与解析：A依据上文可知小男孩很自卑，再由空后的hisheadwithoutaword可知，当老师提问他的时候，他总是低着头一言不发。故选A项。3．答案与解析：C依据空后的toplantoneeachperson和后文的Butseeinghisbrothersandsisters可知，这位父亲告知他的孩子们每人种一棵。故选C项。4．答案与解析：B依据下文的Hisfather__9__hispromise可知，这位父亲还作出了承诺，给种得最好的那个孩子买礼物。故选B项。5．答案与解析：A依据上句Thefatheralso__4__tobuyafavouritegiftforwhoevergrewbest.可知，父亲答应给种得最好的孩子买礼物，这个男孩也想要礼物。故选A项。6．答案与解析：C依据空前的Butseeinghisbrothersandsisterscarrywateractively可知，当看到哥哥和姐姐们这么主动地抬水，他就失去信念了。loseheart意为“失去信念”。故选C项。7．答案与解析：A依据helost__6__和Soafterwateringitonceortwice可知，在浇了一两次水之后(浇水的目的是照看树苗)，他便不再照看它了。故选A项。8．答案与解析：D依据空后的itappearedgreenerandstrongerthanhissisters'andbrothers'可知，他很少照料的树看起来比姐姐和哥哥的树还要绿和强壮，因此他感到很惊异。故选D项。9．答案与解析：C依据语境可知，他的父亲遵守了诺言。keepone'spromise意为“遵守诺言”。故选C项。10．答案与解析：A依据下文倒数其次段的Decadespassed.Thelittleboydidn'tbecomeabotanist可知，父亲告知孩子当他长大的时候他肯定会成为一名精彩的植物学家。故选A项。11．答案与解析：B依据上文第一段的whentheteacheraskedhimtoanswerquestions，healways__2__hisheadwithoutaword.可知，男孩从得到激励后起先渐渐变得乐观起来，这与开头悲观的心情形成对比。故选B项。12．答案与解析：D依据空后的Plantsgenerallygrowatnight.可知植物通常在晚上生长，这是生物老师说的，故选D项。13．答案与解析：A依据空后的underhistreewithabigspoon和下句的hisfatherhadbeensecretlywateringhissmalltree可知，当他来到院子里，他看到父亲正在树下用大勺子干活。故选A项。14．答案与解析：B依据全文可知是父亲对罗斯福的爱帮助他成长。故选B项。15．答案与解析：D依据上文倒数第三段的hisfatherhadbeensecretlywateringhissmalltree可知，此处是说，即使只是一勺子水，它也能让生命之树充溢活力。故选D项。Ⅳ.语法填空【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了夏至，以及夏至时世界各地的庆祝活动。1．答案与解析：meaning考查