2024-2025学年高中英语课时素养评价十二Unit4AstronomythescienceofthestarsUsingLanguage含解析新人教版必修3

PAGE课时素养评价十二Unit4UsingLanguageⅠ.单句语法填空1.Thelawsexploredbythephysicist(physics)oftenbecomethebasesfornewsciences.2.Thestonerolleddownthemountainbygravity,whichcausedmoredamagetopeoplethere.3.Theyareinexactlythesameorbit,butdifferentsatellites(satellite).4.Itiscausedbycontinuouspulling(pull)ofthehair,leadingtogradualhairloss,mostlyatthehairline.5.Manytreesintheseclimates(climate)haveadaptedtohavingadryareaneartheirbaseduringthehottestseason.6.Heawokefloatingweightlessly(weight)inadimensionwhichheinitiallyassumedwasCloak’sdarkdimension.7.Thecarstartedwithacrashing(crash)ofgears,andtearswelledinhiseye.8.Someexpertsbelievebeesareheadingforextinction(extinct).9.Actually,therewasn’tenoughwatertofloat(float)theship,sotheplanwillfail.

10.“Donotstandthereblocking(block)thegateway!”Heshoutedsuddenly.Ⅱ.语境填词1.Ifyousucceed,peoplewillsupportyou,respectyouandcheeryouon,whichisacheerfulmessage.(cheer)2.Thisisabadideatoexhaustourlimitedresources,andasaresult,weallwillfeelexhaustedintheend.(exhaust)

3.Hepattedmegentlyonthebackandtoldmetobefirm,butgentleduringthefollowingdays.(gentle)4.Duringthattime,strangethoughtsfloatedintomymindwhenIwasnearlyasleep,andIoftenaskmyself:“Whatcouldbemorefunthanfloatinginspace?”(float)5.Mentionwhereyoulive,ifyouliveonthesameblock,wherethereareablockingqueueinthemainstreet.(block)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024·北京高一检测)AlthoughtheQueenoftheUKisnolongerresponsibleforgoverningthecountry,shecarriesoutagreatmanyimportanttasksonbehalfofthenation.·HeadofStateAsHeadofState,thequeengoesonofficialstatevisitsabroad.ShealsoinvitesotherworldleaderstocometotheUnitedKingdom.Duringtheirvisits,headsofstatesusuallystayatBuckinghamPalace,orsometimesatWindsorCastleorHolyRoodhouseinEdinburgh.·HeadoftheChurchofEnglandTheQueenisHeadoftheChurchofEngland,apositionthatallBritishmonarchshavesinceitwasfoundedbyHenryⅧinthe1530s.TheQueenappointsarchbishopsandbishopsontheadviceofthePrimeMinister.ThespiritualleaderoftheChurchofEnglandistheArchbishopofCanterbury.·GovernmentDutiesEveryday,“redboxes”aredeliveredtotheQueen’sdesk,fullofdocumentsandreportsfromgovernmentministersandCommonwealthofficials.Theymustallbereadmad,ifnecessary,signedbytheQueen.·TheRepresentativeoftheNationTheQueenrepresentsthenationattimesofgreatcelebrationorsorrow.OneexampleofthisistheRemembranceDayceremonyatthecenotaphmonumentinWhitehall.TheQueenlaysawreaththereeachyeartohonorthemembersofthearmedforceswhohavediedfightingfortheircountry.·RoyalGardenPartiesAtleastthreeRoyalGardenPartiesareheldatBuckinghamPalaceeachyearandabout8,000guestsattendeachone.·VisitsAlongsideherotherduties,theQueenspendsahugeamountoftimetravelingaroundthecountryandvisitinghospitals,schools,factoriesandotherplacesandorganizations.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了作为英国国家象征的女王的权力以及政府职能。1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheQueen’sjob?A.Payingofficialstatevisitstoothercountries.B.Appointingbishops.C.InvitingforeignleaderstovisittheUK.D.Makinglawsforthecountry.【解析】选D。通读全文可知,女王不负责制定法律。2.WhenforeignleadersvisittheUK,theydon’tstayin______.

A.HolyRoodhouseinEdinburghB.WhitehallC.WindsorCastleD.BuckinghamPalace【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。从其次段中的Duringtheirvisits,headsofstatesusuallystayatBuckinghamPalace,orsometimesatWindsorCastleorHolyRoodhouseinEdinburgh.可知。3.Theunderlinedword“monarchs”inthepassagemostprobablyrefersto______.

A.kingsorqueens B.primeministersC.archbishops D.theQueen’sfamily【解析】选A。词义揣测题。由文章第三段TheQueenisHeadoftheChurchofEngland,apositionthatallBritishmonarchshavesinceitwasfoundedbyHenryⅧinthe1530s.可知。4.Fromthepassage,weknowthat______.

A.RoyalGardenPartiesareheldatWhitehalleachyearB.theQueenandthePrimeMinistergovernthenationtogetherC.theQueentakesadviceofthePrimeMinistergovernonappointingarchbishopsD.thePrimeMinisterspendsmuchtimetravelingaroundthecountry【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。由TheQueenappointsarchbishopsandbishopsontheadviceofthePrimeMinister可知。BItishardtotrackthebluewhale,whichhasalmostbeenkilledoffbycommercialwhaling.Attachingradiodevicestoitisdifficultandvisualsightingsaretoounreliabletogiverealinsightintoitsbehavior.Sobiologistsweredelightedearlythisyearwhen,withthehelpoftheUSNavy,theywereabletotrackaparticularbluewhalefor43daysrecordingitssounds.ThiswaspossiblebecauseoftheNavy’sformerlytopsecretsystemofunderwaterlisteningdevicesacrosstheoceans.TrackingwhalesisbutoneexampleofanexcitingnewworldjustopeningtocivilianscientistsafterthecoldwarastheNavystartstoshareandpartlyuncoveritsglobalnetworkofunderwaterlisteningsystembuiltoverthedecadestotracktheshipsofpotentialenemies.Earthscientistsannouncedatanewsconferencerecentlythattheyhadusedthesystemforcloselyobservingadeep-seavolcaniceruptionforthefirsttimeandthattheyplannedsimilarstudies.Otherscientistshaveproposedtousethenetworkfortrackingoceancurrentsandmeasuringchangesintheoceanandglobaltemperatures.Differentlayersofoceanwatercanactaschannelsforsoundsfocusingtheminthesamewayastethoscope(听诊器)doeswhenitcarriesfaintnoisesfromapatient’schesttoadoctor’sears.Thisfocusingisthemainreasonthatevenrelativelyweaksoundsintheocean,especiallylow-frequencyones,canoftentravelthousandsofmiles.【文章大意】文章从追踪几乎绝迹的蓝鲸的艰难和需借助尖端设施入手,谈到了军用技术的民用问题。5.Theunderwaterlisteningsystemwasoriginallydesigned______.

A.totrackandlocateenemyshipsB.toobservedeep-seavolcaniceruptionsC.tostudythemovementofoceancurrentsD.toreplacetheglobalradiocommunicationsnetwork【解析】选A。细微环节理解题。依据第三段内容可知,水下监听是用于跟踪潜藏的敌船,可知A项正确。6.Thedeep-sealisteningsystemmakesuseof______.

A.theabilityofsoundstotravelathighspeedB.thetop-leveltechnologyoffocusingsoundsunderwaterC.theuniquecharacteristicoflayersofoceanwaterincarryingsoundsD.low-frequencysoundstravelingacrossdifferentlayersofwater【解析】选C。依据最终一段中Differentlayersofoceanwatercanactaschannelsforsoundsfocusingtheminthesamewayastethoscope...可知C项正确。7.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Newradiodevicesaredevelopedfortrackingbluewhales.B.Bluewhalesarenolongerendangeredwiththehelpofthenewsystem.C.Opinionsdifferontheuseofmilitarytechnology.D.Militarytechnologyhasgreatpotentialincivilianuse.【解析】选D。通读全文可知,军事技术在民用方面有巨大潜能。8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheUSNavyunderwaterlisteningnetwork?A.Itisnowpartlyavailabletocivilianscientists.B.Itisamustinprotectingendangeredspecies.C.Ithasbeenreplacedbyamoreadvancedsystem.D.Itbecameuselesstothemilitaryafterthecoldwar.【解析】选A。依据第三段可知,美国海军的水下监听网络在一些方面对科学家来说是有用的。Ⅱ.阅读填句Imaginethatyouareinaremotevillagesomewherewithnomedicalclinic.1Oncethedoctorsgettoyou,theyexamineyouandtakebloodsamples,buttheywon’tbeabletohelpyouuntiltheytakethesamplesbacktothehospitaltofindoutwhatiswrong.2ThankstoengineerAndyOzcan,manypeoplemayneverbeinthissituation.Hehasinventedanappthatturnsyourmobilephoneintoadiagnostic(诊断的)tool.

Ozcan’sinventionisimportantbecauseitisveryaccurateandeasytouse.Inmanyremoteplaces,evenifdoctorshavemicroscopesandotherinstrumentstohelpthemmakediagnoses,theremaystillbeotherproblems.Manydoctors,forexample,don’thaveenoughtrainingtocorrectlyinterpretwhattheysee.3WithOzcan’smobilephoneapp,healthworkerscantakeaspecialphotoofabloodsampleandsendittoacentralcomputeratahospital.Thecomputerwillthenautomaticallyinterpretthephotoandsendadiagnosisbackinafewminutes.

4HistechnologyonlyrequiresamobilephoneandanInternetconnection.Asmorethanfourbillionpeoplealreadyhavecellphones,thecostofestablishingthediagnosticsystemisfairlylow.

Byinventingamedicaltoolthatusesexistingtechnology—mobilephones—Ozcanhasdevelopedamedicaltoolthatisbothpracticalandeconomical.Therefore,itcanbeeffectivelyalmostanywhere.5

A.Asaresult,theymaydiagnoseillnessesincorrectly.B.Peoplearetryingtoreducethecostofthisnewmedicaltool.C.Thistoolhasbecomemuchmorepopularallaroundtheworld.D.AnotherreasonthatOzcan’sinventionisimportantisthatitisinexpensive.E.Youbecomeverysickandmustwaitdaysuntilamobilemedicalunitarrivestohelp.F.Ozcan’ssimple,cost-effectivetoolmightjustsavemillionsoflivesaroundtheworld.G.Eventhoughyoumayonlyhaveasimpleinfection,youmightdiebecauseofthedelay.【文章大意】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了安迪·奥兹坎独创的一种将手机变成一种诊断工具的应用程序。这种独创很精确并易于运用。这种经济又实惠的医疗工具可以在世界的任何地方运用,能挽救全世界数百万的生命。1.【解析】选E。依据上文“想象一下,你在一个偏僻的村庄,没有医疗诊所”及下句“一旦医生找到你,他们会给你检查并取血样,但是直到他们把血样带回医院,找出问题所在,他们才能帮助你”可推断诞生病了要等几天医疗队才来看病。分析选项可知E项符合题意。2.【解析】选G。依据上文的内容“一旦医生找到你,他们会给你检查并取血样,但是直到他们把血样带回医院,找出问题所在,他们才能帮助你”可推断出“即使你只是简洁的小感染,可能也会因为延误而死”,分析选项可知G项符合题意。3.【解析】选A。依据上文“Inmanyremoteplaces...theremaystillbeotherproblems.Manydoctors,forexample,don’thaveenoughtrainingtocorrectlyinterpretwhattheysee.”可知,“在很多偏远的地方,即使医生有显微镜和其他仪器帮忙诊断,仍旧会出现其他问题。例如,很多医生没有足够的培训来正确说明他们所看到的”,由此可推断出“这样可能会出现误诊”,分析选项可知A项(因此,他们可能错误地诊断疾病)符合题意。4.【解析】选D。其次段说Ozcan的独创重要的缘由,这里应当是另一个缘由。分析选项可知D项(Ozcan独创重要的另一个缘由是它很便宜)应当是正确的。把D项放入句中,符合题意。可知本小题是这一段的主题句。依据本段的内容可知“Ozcan的独创成本相当低”。D项与本段有词的复现,inexpensive即fairlylow。5.【解析】选F。依据上文Ozcanhasdevelopedamedicaltoolthatisbothpracticalandeconomical.Therefore,itcanbeeffectivelyalmostanywhere.“Ozcan研制了既好用又经济的医疗工具。因此,它几乎可以在任何地方都有效”由此可推断出这种简洁、成本低的工具可以在全世界救人,分析选项可知F项(Ozcan的简洁、划算的工具可能会挽救全世界数百万的生命)符合题意。【补偿训练】HerearesomeeasystepsforyoutostaysafeandsecureontheInternet.1Nevergiveoutyourfullname,addressandphonenumber,unlessitisasafesiteoritisawell-knownsite.

Protectyourmoney.Donotgiveoutyourcardinformationunlessitisasecuresite.Youcantellifthesiteissafebylookingatthelowerpartofyourscreen.2Ifitislocked,thesiteissecure.“Unlocked”meansthatyoushouldnotgiveacardnumber.

Don’tbelieve“GetRichQuick!”.Ifitsoundstoogoodtobesure—itis!Ifyougetane-mailthatsaysyoucanmakethousandsofdollarsinafewdays,itisn’ttrue.Mostlikelyitwillcostyouintheend.3

Agoodvirusscan(杀毒软件).Updateyourvirusscan.4Whenyoubuyavirusscan,itmayhav