英语专四真题及参考答案

英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案

PARTIIILANGUAGEUSAGE

Therearetwentysentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencetherearefouroptionsmarked

A,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceoranswersthequestion.Markhour

answersonANSWERSHEETTWO.

11.TheBentPyramidoutsideCairoancientEgypt,sfirstattempttobuildasmooth-sided

pyramid.

A.hasbeenbelievedtohavebeen

B.wasbelievedtobe

C.isbelievedtohavebeen

D.isbelievedtobe

12.U.S.Newsrankingsofcollegessince1983.Theyareaverypopularresourcefor

studentslookingtoapplytouniversitycampus.

A.maintains

B.ismaintaining

C.maintained

D.hasbeenmaintaining

13.Hewasluredintoacrimehewouldnothavecommitted.

A.actually

B.accidentally

C.otherwise

D.seldom

14.Shewasonceayoungcountrywifewithchickensinthebackyardandaviewof

mountainsbehindtheappleorchard.

A.bluehazyVirginia

B.hazyblueVirginia

C.Virginiahazyblue

D.Virginiabluehazy

15.1longtoalleviate,butIcannot.

A.theevil

B.evil

C.evils

D.anevil

16.Indeed,itisarguablethatbodyshatteringistheverypointoffootball,askillingandmaiming

A.war

B.arewar

C.ofwar

D.areofwar

17.At,photographyisachemicalprocess,duringwhichalight-sensitivematerialis

alteredwhenexposedtolight.

A.itsmostbasic

B.itsbasic

C.themostbasic

D.thebasic

18.Shehiredalawyertoinvestigate,onlytolearnthatGabrielhadremovedhernamefromthedeed.

Theinfinitiveverbphrase^onlytolearnisused.

A.toexpressanintendedpurpose

B.toindicateahighdegreeofpossibility

C.torevealanundesirableconsequence

D.todramatizeastatedfact

19.WhichofthefollowingitalicizedwordsDOESNOTcarrythemetaphoricalmeaning?

A.Iwonderwhat'sbehindthischangeofplan.

B.Jimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim.

C.Thisworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.Tmgettingterriblybehind.

D.IsupposeI'mluckybecausemyparentswerebehindmealltheway.

20.Mymotherwasdeterminedtohelpthoseinneedandshewouldhavebeenimmenselyproudof

whathasbeenachievedtheselast20years.Theitalicizedpartinthesentenceexpresses.

A.ahypothesis

B.asuggestion

C.acontradiction

D.asurprise

21.WhenthepoliceofficerswhotockpartintheKingbeatingwerefirstbroughtto,

theirlawyersusedthevideotapeasevidenceagainsttheprosecution.

A.justice

B.testimony

C.trial

D.verdict

22.,themostcontroversialcandidateintheelectioncampaign,hehasbeenstrongly

criticizedforhiscrudecommentsaboutwomen.

A.Questionably

B.Arguably

C.Contentiously

D.Debatably

23.Priceshaverecentlyriseninordertotheincreasedcostofrawmaterials.

A.cut

B.buoy

C.offer

D.offset

24.Thecelebritysaysincourtpapersshe“hasnoofgivinganyauthorizationtoanyone

toproceedwithadivorce.”

A.recommendation

B.recording

C.recollection

D.recognition

25.Whatactuallyagoodangle-oragoodselfieoverall-isrootedinwhatwe

considerbeautiful.

A.consists

B.constitutes

C.composes

D.constructs

26.Theschoolisgoingthemiletocreatethenextgenerationofsportingstarsthankstoits

uniquedevelopmentprogram.

A.final

B.further

C.supplementary

D.extra

27.Theteachers?unionalawsuitagainstthedistrictcallingfbrrepairing“deplorable”

schoolconditions.

A.fired

B.filed

C.fined

D.filled

28.LastMarchtheofa19thcenturycargoshipwasfoundbyanunderwater

archaeologicalteam.

A.debris

B.ruins

C.remains

D.wreck

29.She'swornhisdesignsonoccasionsfromredcarpetstomoviepremieres.

A.countless

B.countable

C.numerical

D.numeral

30.Aleadingintelligenceandoperationscompanyhasreleaseditsanalysisof

worldwidereportedincidentsofpiracyandcrimeagainstmariners.

A.oceangoing

B.oceanic

C.marine

D.maritime

PARTIVCLOZE

Decidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinserted

inthecorrespondingblank.ThewordscanbeusedONCEONLY.Marktheletterforeachwordon

ANSWERSHEET.

A.accompaniesB.automaticallyC.coupleD.goesE.indebtedness

F.kindGmannerH.mercifullyI.oneJ.obey

K.renownedL.subscribeM.unknownN.virtue0.widespread

AFewyearsago,auniversityprofessortriedalittleexperiment.HesentChristmas

cardstoasampleofperfectstrangers.Althoughheexpectedsomereaction,theresponse

hereceivedwasamazing-holidaycardsaddressedtohimcamepouringbackfromthe

peoplewhohadnevermetnorheardofhim.Thegreatmajorityofthosewhoreturneda

cardneverinquiredintotheidentityoftheunknownprofessor.Theyreceivedhisholiday

greetingcard,andtheyautomaticallysentoneinreturn.Thisstudyshowstheactionof

oneofthemostpowerfuloftheweaponsofinfluencearoundus-therulefbr

reciprocation.Therulesaysthatweshouldtrytorepay,inkind,whatanotherpersonhas

providedus.Ifawomandoesusafavor,weshoulddoheroneinreturn;ifamansends

usabirthdaypresent,weshouldrememberhisbirthdaywithagiftofourown;ifa

coupleinvitesustoaparly,weshouldbesuretoinvitethemtooneofours.Byvirtueof

thereciprocityrule,then,weareobligatedtothefuturerepaymentoffavors,gifts,

invitations,andthelike.Sotypicalisitforindebtednesstoaccompanythereceiptofsuch

thingsthatatermlike“muchobliged“hasbecomeasynonymfbr“thankyou,“notonly

intheEnglishlanguagebutinothersaswell.

Theimpressiveaspectoftheruleforreciprocationandthesenseofobligationthat

goeswithitisitspervasivenessinhumanculture.Itissowidespreadthatafterintensive

study,sociologistssuchasAlvinGoldenercanreportthatthereisnohumansocietythat

doesnotsubscribetotherule.

PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION

SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS

Inthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbytenmultiplechoicequestions.Foreach

multiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheone

thatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.

PASSAGEONE

(1)TheearliestsettlerscameIotheNorthAmericancontinenttoestablishcoloniesthatwere

freefromthecontrolsthatexistedinEuropeansocieties.Theywantedtoescapethecontrolsplacedon

theirlivesbykingsandgovernments,priestsandchurches,noblemenandaristocrats.Thehistoric

decisionsmadebythosefirstsettlershavehadaprofoundeffectontheshapingoftheAmerican

character.Bylimitingthepowerofthegovernmentandthechurchesandeliminatingaformal

aristocracy,theycreatedaclimateoffreedomwheretheemphasiswasontheindividual.Individual

freedomisprobablythemostbasicofalltheAmericanvalues.Byfreedom,Americansmeanthe

desireandtheabilityofallindividualstocontroltheirowndestinywithoutoutsideinterferencefrom

thegovernment,arulingnobleclass,thechurch,oranyotherorganizedauthority.

(2)Thereis,however,apricetobepaidfbrthisindividualfreedom:sdf-reliance.Itmeansthat

Americansbelievetheyshouldstandontheirownfeet,achievingbothfinancialandemotional

independencefromtheirparentsasearlyaspossible,usuallybyage18or21.

(3)AsecondimportantreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallybeendrawntotheUnited

Stalesisthebeliefthateveryonehasaequalchancetoenteraraceandsucceedinthegame.Because

titlesofnobilitywereforbiddenintheConstitution,noformalclasssystemdevelopedintheU.S.

(4)Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisequalityofopportunity:competition.Ifmuch

oflifeisseenasrace,thenapersonmustruntheraceinordertosucceed;apersonmustcompetewith

others.ThepressuresofcompetitioninthelifeofanAmericanbegininchildhoodandcontinueuntil

retirementfromwork.Infact,anygroupofpeoplewhodoesnotcompetesuccessfullydocsnotfit

into(hemainstreamofAmericanlifeaswellasthosewhodo.

(5)AthirdreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallycometotheUnitedStatesistohavea

betterlife.Becauseofitsabundantnaturalresources,theUnitedStatesappearedtobea“landof

plentywheremillionscouldcometoseektheirfortunes.Thephrase“goingfromragstoriches”

becameasloganfortheAmericandream.Manypeopledidachievemalerialsuccess.Materialwealth

becameavaluetotheAmericanpeople,anditalsobecameanacceptedmeasureofsocialstatus.

(6)Americanspayaprice,however,fortheirmaterialwealth:hardwork.Hardworkhasbeen

bothnecessaryandrewardingformostAmericansthroughouttheirhistory.Insomeways,material

possessionsareseenasevidenceofpeople'sabilities.BarryGoldwater,acandidateforthepresidency

in1964,saidthatmostpoorpeoplearepoorbecausetheydeservetobe.MostAmericanswouldfind

thisaharshstatement,butmanymightthinktherewassometruthinit.

(7)ThesebasicvaluesdonottellthewholestoryoftheAmericancharacter.Rathenthey

shouldbethoughtofasthemes,aswecontinuetoexploremorefacetsoftheAmericancharacterand

howitaffectslifeintheUnitedStates.

41.Para.4seemstosuggestthat.

A.Americansarebornwithasenseofcompetition

B.thepressureofcompetitionbeginswhenonestartswork

C.successfulcompetitionisessentialinAmericansociety

D.competitionresultsinequalityofopportunities

42.WhichofthefollowingmethodsdoestheauthormainlyuseinexplainingAmericanvalues?

A.Comparison

D.Causeandeffect

C.Definition

D.Processanalysis

PASSAGETWO

(1)TheNobelsaretheoriginals,ofcourse.AlfredNobel,themanwhoinventeddeadly

explosives,decidedtotryanddosomethinggoodwithallthemoneyheearned,andgaveprizesto

peoplewhomadeprogressinliterature,science,economicsand—perhapsmostimportantly—peace.

(2)NotallrewardsareasnobleastheNobels.Eventhoughmostcountrieshaveasystemof

recognizing,honoringandrewardingpeoplewhohavedonesomethinggoodintheircountries,there

arenowhundredsofawardsandawardceremoniesforallkindsofthings.

(3)TheOscarsareprobablythemostfamous,atimeforthe(mostly)Americanfilmindustryto

tellitselfhowgooditisandanannualopportunityforlotsofbigstarstogiveeachotherawardsand

maketearfulspeeches.AswellasthattherearealsotheGoldenGlobes,evidentlyforthesamething.

(4)Butit'snotonlyfilms---therearealsoGrammies,Brits,theMercuryPrizeandtheMTVfor

music.InBritain,awriterwhowinstheBookerPrizecanexpecttoseetheirdifficult,literarynovel

hitthebestsellerlistsandcompetewiththeDaVinciCodeforpopularity.TheTurnerPrizeisan

awardforBritishcontemporaryartists——eachyearitcausescontroversybyapparentlygivinglotsof

moneytoartistswhodothingslikedisplayingtheirbeds,puttinganimalsinglasscasesor—thisyear

—buildingagardenshed.

(5)Awardsdon'tonlyexistforarts.TherearenowawardsforSportsPersonalityoftheYear,for

EuropeanFootballeroftheYearandWorldFootballeroftheYear.Thisseemsverystrange一

sometimesawardscanbegoodtogiverecognitiontopeoplewhodeserveit,ortohelppeoplewho

don'tmakealotofmoneycarryontheirworkwithoutworryingaboutfinances,

butprofessionalsoccerplayersthesedayscertainlyaren'tshortofcash!

(6)Manysmalltownsandcommunitiesallovertheworldalsohavetheirownawardceremonies,

forlocalwritersorartists,orjustforpeoplewhohavegraduatedfromhighschoolor,gotauniversity

degree.EventheBritishCouncilhasitsownawardsfor^InnovationinEnglishLanguageTeaching”.

(7)Whyhavealltheseawardsandceremoniesappearedrecently?Shakespeareneverwonaprize,

nordidLeonardoDaVinciorAdamSmithorCharlesDickens.

(8)Itwouldbepossibletosay,however,thatinthepast,scientistsandartistscould

win“patronage“formrichpeople一akingoralordwouldgivetheartistsorscientistsmoneytohave

thempainttheirpalacesorhelpthemdevelopnewwaysofmakingmoney.Withthechangeinsocial

systemsacrosstheworld,thisnolongerhappens.Alotofscientificresearchisnoweitherfundedby

thestateorbyprivatecompanies.

(9)Pcrhapsawardceremoniesarejustthemostrecentphaseofthisprocess.

(10)However,thereismoretoitthanthat.WhenafilmwinsanOscar,manymorepeoplewill

goandseeit,orbuytheDVD.WhenawriterwinstheNobelPrize,manymorepeoplebuytheir

books.WhenagroupwinstheMTVawards,theceremonyisseenbyhundredsofthousandsof

peopleacrosstheworld.Theresult?Thegroupsellslotsmorerecords.

(11)Mostawardceremoniesarenowsponsoredbybigorganizationsorcompanies.Thismeans

thatitisnotonlythepersonwhowinstheawardwhobenefits-butalsothesponsors.TheMTV

awards,forexample,aregreatforpublicizingnotonlymusic,butalsoMTVitself!

(12)Onthesurface,itseemstobea“Win-win“situation,witheveryonebeinghappy,butletme

askyouaquestion-howfardoyouthinkthatpublicityandmarketingarewinninghere,andhow

muchgenuinerecognitionofachievementistakingplace?

43.Whatistheauthor'stonewhenhementionsawardssuchastheOscars,theGoldenGlobesand

Grammies(Paras,3&4)

A.Amused.

B.Appreciative.

C.Sarcastic.

D.Serious.

44.AccordingtoPara.4,whatwouldhappentoawardwinningwriters?

A.Theywouldenjoyamuchlargerreadership.

B.Theywouldturntopopularnovelwriting.

C.Theywouldcontinuenon-fictionwriting.

D.Theywouldtrycontroversialformsofart.

45.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestsumsupPara.6?

A.Awardsceremoniesareheldforlocalpeople.

B.Awardsceremoniesareheldonimportantoccasions.

C.Awardsceremoniesareheldincertainprofessions.

D.Awardsceremoniesareheldforallsortsofreasons.

46.AccordingtoPara.8,onedifferencebetweenscientistsandartistsinthepastandthoseatpresent

liesin.

A.natureofwork

B.personalcontact

C.sourceoffunding

D.socialstatus

47.ItcanbeconcludedfromPara.12thattheauthorthinksawards.

A.promotemarketrather(hanachievements

B.dogoodtobothmarketandpopularity

C.helpthosewhoarereallytalented

D.areeffectiveinmakingpeoplepopular

PASSAGETHREE

(1)KnowingthatMrs.Mallardsufferedfromahearttrouble,greatcarewastakentobreaktoher

asgentlyaspossiblethenewsofherhusband'sdeath.

(2)ItwashersisterJosephinewhotoldher,inbrokensentences.Herhusband'sfriendRichards

wasthere,too.Itwashewhohadbeeninthenewspaperofficewhennewsoftherailroaddisasterwas

received,withBrentlyMallard'snameleadingthelistof“killed”.Hehadonlytakenthetimeto

assurehimselfofitstruthbyasecondtelegram.

(3)Sheweptatonce,inhersister'sarms.Whenthestormofsadnesshadspentitselfshewent

awaytoherroomalone.Shewouldhavenoonefollowher.

(4)Therestood,facingtheopenwindow,acomfortablearmchair.Intothisshesank,pressed

downbyaphysicalexhaustionthathauntedherbodyandseemedtoreachiniohersoul.

(5)Shecouldseeintheopensquarebeforeherhousethetopsoftrees.Thedeliciousbreathof

rainwasintheair.Thenotesofadistantsongwhichsomeonewassingingreachedher,andcountless

sparrowsweretwitteringintheeaves).

(6)Therewerepatchesofblueskyshowinghereandtherethroughthecloudsthat

hadmetandpiledabovetheotherinthewestfacingherwindow.

(7)Shesatwithherheadthrownbackuponthecushionofthechair,quite

motionless,exceptwhenasobcameupintoherthroatandshookher,asachildwho

hascrieditselftosleepcontinuestosobinitsdreams.

(8)Shewasyoung,withafair,calmface,whoselinesbespokerepressionandeven

acertainstrength.Butnowtherewasadullstareinhereyes,whosegazewasfixed

awayoffyonderononeofthosepatchesofbluesky.Itwasnotaglanceofreflection,

butratherindicatedasuspensionofintelligentthought.

(9)Therewassomethingcomingtoherandshewaswaitingforit,fearfully.What

wasit?Shedidnotknow;itwastoosubtleandelusivetoname.Butshefeltit,

creepingoutofthesky;reachingtowardherthroughthesounds,thescents,thecolor

thatfilledtheair.

(10)Nowherbosomroseandfelltumultuously.Shewasbeginningtorecognize

thisthingthatwasapproachingtopossessher,andshewasstrivingtobeatitback

withherwill-aspowerlessashertwowhiteslenderhandswouldhavebeen.

(11)Whensheabandonedherselfalittlewhisperedwordescapedherslightly

partedlips.Shesaiditoverandoverunderherbreath:"Free,free,free!"Thevacant

stareandthelookofterrorthathadfolloweditwentfromhereyes.Theystayedkeen

andbright.Herpulsesbeatfast,andthecoursingbloodwarmedandrelaxedevery

inchofherbody.

(12)Sheknewthatshewouldweepagainwhenshesawthekind,tenderhands

foldedindeath;thefacethathadneverlookedsavewithloveuponher,fixedandgray

anddead.Butshesawbeyondthatbittermomentalongprocessionofyearstocome

thatwouldbelongtoherabsolutely.Andsheopenedandspreadherarmsoutto

theminwelcome.

(13)Therewouldbenoonetoliveforherduringthosecomingyears;shewould

liveforherself.Therewouldbenopowerfulwillbendingherinthatblindpersistence

withwhichmenandwomenbelievetheyhavearighttoimposeaprivatewillupona

fellow-creature.

(14)Andyetshehadlovedhim-sometimes.Oftenshehadnot.Whatdiditmatter!

Whatcouldlove,theunsolvedmystery,countforinfaceofthispossessionof

self-assertion,whichshesuddenlyrecognizedasthestrongestimpulseofherbeing!

(15)“Free!Bodyandsoulfree!”shekeptwhispering.

(16)Josephinewaskneelingbeforethecloseddoorwithherlipstothekeyhole,imploringfor

admission."Louise,openthedoor!Ibeg;openthedoor-youwillmakeyourselfill.Whatareyou

doing,Louise?Forheaven'ssakeopenthedoor."

(17)"Goaway.Iamnotmakingmyselfill."No;shewasdrinkinginaveryelixir(长生不老药)

oflifethroughthatopenwindow.

(18)Herfancywasrunningriotalongthosedaysaheadofher.Springdays,andsummerdays,

andallsortsofdaysthatwouldbeherown.Shebreathedaquickprayerthatlifemightbelong.Itwas

onlyyesterdayshehadthoughtwithashudderthatlifemightbelong.

(19)Shearoseatlengthandopenedthedoortohersister'simportunities.Therewasafeverish

triumphinhereyes,andshecarriedherselfunwittinglylikeagoddessofVictory.Sheclaspedher

sister'swaist,andtogethertheydescendedthestairs.Richardsstoodwaitingfort