2025版高考英语一轮复习选修6Unit4Globalwarming学案含解析新人教版

PAGEUnit4Globalwarming————[单元主题语境]———人与自然之人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)话题：乞力马扎罗山词数：275难度：★★★Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro，thehighestmountaininAfrica.They41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers(冰川)aredisappearing，changingthe43ofKilimanjaro.Hearingthesestories，I'm44abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purer”naturalexperiences.However，Isoon45thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof46amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda47mountain，withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare48buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe49.ThebestofaKilimanjaro50，inmyopinion，isn'treachingthetop.Mountainsare51asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This52isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas53gothroughfiveecosystems(生态系统)inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters，54landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup，theweather55—lowcloudsenvelopthemountainsides，whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I56twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland57：gravel(砾石)，stonesandrocks.58youclimbintoanarctic­likezonewith59snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.DoesKilimanjaro60itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace？Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观状况。该语篇能激发深化思索，关注自然和生态，探究人与自然的和谐相处之道。41．A.keep B．mixC．connect D．bring解析：依据第一句“Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro...”可知，每年大约有4万人试图攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以他们攀登的时候带来(bring)了很多垃圾。答案：D42．A.stories B．buildingsC．crowds D．reporters解析：联系上文中的about40,000people可知，这些人群(crowds)有可能破坏这个地方的美。答案：C43．A.position B．ageC．face D．name解析：联系上文中的Theglaciersaredisappearing可知，冰川的消逝正在变更乞力马扎罗山的面貌(face)。答案：C44．A.silent B．skepticalC．serious D．crazy解析：联系下文otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purer”naturalexperiences可知，其他目的地被描述为“更纯粹的”自然体验，所以作者对乞力马扎罗山被严峻破坏的报道表示怀疑(skeptical)。beskepticalabout意为“对……表示怀疑”，符合语境。silent“缄默的”；serious“肃穆的”；crazy“疯狂的”。答案：B45．A.discover B．argueC．decide D．advocate解析：联系下文的muchhaschanged可知，作者发觉(discover)了乞力马扎罗山的变更。argue“争辩”；decide“确定”；advocate“提倡”。答案：A46．A.equipment B．grassC．camps D．stones解析：联系下文中的withtoiletsatcamps可知，这里报道的是营地(camp)。答案：C47．A.remote B．quietC．tall D．clean解析：联系上文however(然而)及下文withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths(营地和路边都有厕所)可推知，作者看到的是干净的(clean)山。答案：D48．A.new B．specialC．significant D．necessary解析：上文提到乞力马扎罗山有众多游客，而且有很多垃圾，还有令人心烦的诸多报道，由此可知，这里面临的环境挑战是重大的(significant)。new“新的”；special“特殊的”；necessary“有必要的”。答案：C49．A.payingoff B．spreadingoutC．blowingup D．fadingaway解析：联系前文的withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths可知，坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力好像正在奏效(payoff)。spreadout“绽开”；blowup“爆炸”；fadeaway“渐渐消逝”。答案：A50．A.atmosphere B．experienceC．experiment D．sight解析：联系下文reachingthetop可知，作者认为乞力马扎罗山最好的爬山体验(experience)并不是登顶。atmosphere“气氛”；experiment“试验”；sight“视线”。答案：B51．A.studied B．observedC．explored D．regarded解析：联系空后的bymanycultures可知，山在很多文化中被看作是(regard)灵魂之地。beregardedas意为“被看作……”，符合语境。study“探讨”；observe“视察”；explore“探究”。答案：D52．A.view B．qualityC．reason D．purpose解析：结合上文的“文化观”，再联系下文的gothroughfiveecosystems可知，这种“经验五种生态系统”的景色(view)在乞力马扎罗山表现尤为明显。quality“品质”；reason“缘由”；purpose“目的”。答案：A53．A.scientists B．climbersC．locals D．officials解析：联系上文的“Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro...”可知，爬山的人(climbers)可以经验五种生态系统。scientist“科学家”；local“本地人”；official“官员”。答案：B54．A.holdingonto B．goingbacktoC．livingupto D．givingwayto解析：联系上文的“Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters”可知，热带雨林在3000米处突然中止，取而代之的是生长着低矮植物的土地。givewayto意为“被……代替”，符合语境。holdonto“坚持”；gobackto“回到”；liveupto“不辜负”。答案：D55．A.changes B．clearsC．improves D．permits解析：上文介绍了五种生态系统中的两种，再联系下文的lowcloudsenvelopthemountainsides可知，在这里气候又发生了变更(change)。clear“清除”；improve“改善”；permit“允许”。答案：A56．A.match B．imagineC．count D．add解析：下文语境题。联系空后的twelveshadesofgreen可知，作者数出了(count)12种绿色。答案：C57．A.village B．desertC．road D．lake解析：下文语境题。联系冒号后的gravel，stonesandrocks可知，4000米以上是荒漠(desert)。答案：B58．A.Obviously B．EasilyC．Consequently D．Finally解析：上下文语境题。上文介绍了从山下到山上的五个生态系统，所以这里说最终(finally)爬到了一个像北极圈一样的区域。obviously“明显地”；easily“简洁地”；consequently“因此，所以”。答案：D59．A.permanent B．littleC．fresh D．artificial解析：上文语境题。联系上文的climbintoanarctic­likezone可知，攀登者到了一个像北极圈的地方，所以这里是指常年积雪。permanent意为“永久的，永恒的”，符合语境。little“少的”；fresh“簇新的”；artificial“人造的”。答案：A60．A.enjoy B．deserveC．save D．acquire解析：下文语境题。联系下文的“Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.”可知，作者在这里进行反问：乞力马扎罗山真的应当获得(deserve)游人如织，破坏了其平和景象的拥挤山脉这一名声吗？答案：B一、语言实力熟词生义/词类活用1．attemptv．试图，尝试2．abruptlyadv.突然地3．envelopvt.覆盖4．atmospheren．气氛，氛围二、思维品质1．完形填空技巧——利用语境示意分析法解题上下文语境详细体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的看法倾向和评价、上下文语篇连接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境，即依据已知信息，推出正确答案。如55题，依据该空后“lowcloudsenvelopthemountainsides(低矮的云萦围着山坡)”可知，天气发生了变更，故选A。2．分析长难句并翻译句子Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro，thehighestmountaininAfrica.[分析]这是一个简洁句。thehighestmountaininAfrica是Kilimanjaro的同位语。[翻译]每年大约有4万人试图攀登非洲最高峰，乞力马扎罗山。三、文化素养思索：通过阅读这篇文章，你认为作为学生我们应怎样爱护环境？中学生爱护环境应当做到以下几点：1.主动向自己熟识的人和社会大众宣扬有关环境爱护的法令，宣扬爱护环境的重要意义。2.节约用水、节约用电，把废纸、废铁等可利用的废物分类集中，送往废品收购站，以便回收利用。3.留意爱护和美化自己生活学习的环境。中学生还可以通过一些详细的、力所能及的行动来爱护环境，如：坚持从我做起，从现在做起，从身边做起。树立爱自然、爱环境、讲卫生的良好环境道德，并到处去影响他人，带动他人共同爱惜环境、爱护环境。作为中学生，既要做爱护环境的卫士，又要做宣扬环保的使者。授课提示：对应学生用书第184页NO.1单词——在语境中应用，在拓展中记多01核心单词…………[先识记]请依据汉语提示完成下列词块1．opposechangingthelaw反对变更法规2．refreshoneselfwithsometea喝杯茶提神3．glancequicklyather很快地看了她一眼4．advocatelatemarriage提倡晚婚5．consumeone'sfortune耗尽财产6．beeconomicalofone'stime节约时间7．assteadyasarock稳如磐石8．thetrendofmodernliving现代生活的趋势9．arangeofactivities各种活动10．asmallquantityofmilk少量的牛奶11．menofaverageability实力一般的人12．undercertaincircumstances在某些状况下13．adirectconsequence干脆的后果14．anupwardtendency上涨的势头[再拓展]请填入括号内单词的正确形式1．Itwasstatedthatthepresidentmadeastatementannouncingnewpoliciestodealwiththenewsituation.(state)2．Whenwegotthere，theelectricitywentoff.Thelocalstoldusthattheelectricalpowertherewasnotenough.(electrical)3．Manyadultsdonotbelievetheexistenceoftheghosts，butsomeyoungchildrendoubtwhetherthereexistallkindsofghostsintheworld.Howtosolvethisexistingproblem.(exist)4．Theyhavecontributedalotoffoodandclothingtotherefugeessofarandtheircontributionswillcertainlyhelptherefugeeslivethroughthewinter.(contribute)5．Theairconditionersofthistypeconsumetoomuchelectricity.Manyconsumerscomplainaboutthis.(consume)6．Withthesubscriptionfromthekind­heartedpeople，theteachersubscribedtosomenewspapersforthepoorchildreninthemountainarea.(subscribe)7．Oneoftheworstconsequencesofsmokingforalongtimeisthatyoumaysufferlungcancer.Consequently，youandyourfamilywillsufferalot.(consequent)8．Thankstotheriverchiefsystem，thelocalrivers'pollutionhasbeenstopped，andyoucannotseeanypollutedwaterinthiscity.(pollute)9．Thestormtendstohitourcity，sowewillobservethetendencyofitclosely.(tend)02阅读单词…………标注不相识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆□fuel□nuclear□phenomenon□graph□byproduct□random□data□catastrophe□drought□renewable□microwave□presentation□appliance□motor□casual□nuclear□individual□commitmentNO.2短语——在拼法中记牢，在联想中积累[必会短语]请依据汉语提示完成下列词块1．comeabout发生；造成2．andsoon等等3．onthewhole大体上；基本上4．ratherthan而不是5．resultinthedeath导致死亡6．keeponworking接着工作7．goupinprice价格上涨8．quantitiesofproducts大量的产品9．putupwiththeaction忍受这种行为10．subscribetomanymagazines订阅很多杂志11．beopposedtocompromise反对妥协12．onbehalfofmymother代表我母亲[词汇积累]1．特殊“不规则”的名词复数小结①phenomenon→phenomena现象②medium→media媒体③bacterium→bacteria细菌④criterion→criteria标准⑤datum→data数据⑥crisis→crises危机2．多“灾”多“难”①catastrophe大灾难②drought旱灾③disaster灾难④flood水灾⑤earthquake地震⑥tsunami海啸3．“引起；造成；导致”短语合集①resultin导致②leadto导致；造成③contributeto促成；有助于④giveriseto引起；引发；使发生⑤bringabout引起；导致NO.3句式——在解读中学懂，在学写中学通请依据提示完成下列句子1．Thereisnodoubtthat...“毫无疑问……”，that引导同位语从句毫无疑问，互联网给了我与英语为母语的人实时沟通的机会。ThereisnodoubtthattheInternetgivesmethechancetocommunicateinreal­timewithEnglishnativespeakers.(2024·天津3月高考)2．evenif/though“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句我们学校有两个操场和一个大体育场，即使下雨，这也给我们供应了一个做各种各样运动的机会。Therearetwoplaygroundsandabigstadiuminourschool，whichofferusanopportunitytodoavarietyofsports，evenifit'srainy.(2024·高考全国卷Ⅲ)3．so/aslongas“只要”，引导条件状语从句只要我们有追求幻想的热忱，我们最终确定会胜利。Aslongaswehavetheenthusiasmtofollowourdream，wearesuretosucceedeventually.授课提示：对应学生用书第185页1．quantityn.量；数量[写作佳句]IknowyouonceparticipatedintheRoboticsCompetitionandwontheaward，soyoumusthaveaccumulatedalargequantityof/largequantitiesofexperience.我知道你曾经参与过机器人大赛，并且获了奖，因此你确定积累了大量的阅历。[归纳拓展]alarge/smallquantityof大/少量的(large)quantitiesof大量的inquantity/inlargequantities大量地[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Alargequantityofmoneyhasbeencollected(collect)tohelpthosesufferingfromthefloods.②Quantitiesoffoodandtentswere(be)senttoearthquake­strickenareasfromShandongyesterday.③Wecanofferyouabetterpriceifyoucanbuyitinquantity.实力提升——完成句子④Tobeginwith，themostexpectedactivityistheannualtabletenniscompetitionthatinvolvesalargequantityof/largequantitiesoftalentedplayers.首先，最令人期盼的活动是一年一度的乒乓球竞赛，会有大量有天赋的球员参与。[实战贴士]aquantityof，largequantitiesof既可接不行数名词，也可接可数名词的复数。quantitiesof后加名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。2．opposevt.反对；抗拒；与(某人)较量[写作佳句]AlotofpeopleaswellasthepresidentoftheAnimalProtectionAssociationopposedoingexperimentsonanimals.不仅动物爱护协会的会长，而且很多人都反对拿动物做试验。[归纳拓展](1)oppose(doing)sth.反对(做)某事opposesb./sb.'sdoingsth.反对某人做某事(2)opposedadj.相反的；对立的beopposedto＝beagainst＝objectto(doingsth.)反对……；与……对立(强调状态)[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①However，manystudentsandparentsopposeseparating(separate)studentsintoscienceandart.②Themayorisstronglyopposed(oppose)tobuildinganewhall，whichmaycostalotofmoney.实力提升——词汇升级Theseniorstudentsarestronglyagainstbeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.→③Theseniorstudentsstronglyobjecttobeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.→④Theseniorstudentsarestronglyopposedtobeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.[实战贴士]oppose后面可跟动名词作宾语，不行接动词不定式。beopposedto结构中，to为介词，其后跟动词时，也要用动名词形式。3．consequencen.结果；后果；影响[写作佳句]Manyspecieshavediedoutasaconsequenceofman'sactivities.由于人类的活动，很多物种已经灭亡了。[归纳拓展](1)inconsequence＝asaconsequence＝consequently因此；结果inconsequenceof＝asaconsequenceof因为，由于；因为……的原因(2)consequentadj.作为结果的；随之发生的[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Consequently(consequent)，sheunderstooditandbecameinterestedintraditionalChineseculture.②Asaconsequenceofhislaziness，hewasfiredbythebossofthecompany.实力提升——词汇升级③Asaresult，childrenbecomesoreliantontheirparentsthattheyhavenoindependentthoughtorcreativeideas.→Asaconsequence，childrenbecomesoreliantontheirparentsthattheyhavenoindependentthoughtorcreativeideas.4．rangen.种类；范围；幅度；界限v.(在确定范围内)变动；变更；排列[写作佳句]Wewillholdawiderangeofactivities,includingvarioustrainingandmatches.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)我们将实行一系列的活动，包含各种训练和竞赛。[归纳拓展](1)awiderangeof范围广泛的；各种各样的in/withintherangeof在……射程内；在……范围内beyond/outofone'srange超出某人的实力范围(2)rangefromAtoB在A到B之间变动rangebetweenAandB在A和B之间变动[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife，ranging(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.②Whendrivingonhighways，thedrivermustcontrolhisorherspeedwithin/intherangeofspeed­limiting.③Thepriceofthehouseissohighthatitiswellbeyondourrange.实力提升——句式升级Hehasanumberofinterests.Theyrangefromplayingchesstoswimming.→④Hehasanumberofinterests，whichrangefromplayingchesstoswimming.(定语从句)→⑤Hehasanumberofinterests，rangingfromplayingchesstoswimming.(非谓语动词作状语)5．averageadj.平均的；一般的；正(平)常的n.平均数；平均水平；一般水准v.平均为；计算出……的平均数[写作佳句]AllstudentshavetwoPEclassesaweekandrunforanaverageof20minuteseveryday.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)全部学生每周有两节体育课，每天平均跑20分钟。[归纳拓展](1)anaverageof平均有(2)on(an/the)average平均；一般地aboveaverage在平均水平以上belowaverage在平均水平以下uptoaverage达到平均水平(3)averageout算出平均数[实战演练]基础练透——一词多义①Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.adj.平均的②It'ssaidthatthenewspaperofficereceivesanaverageofnearly100articlesaday.n.平均数③Freddywasanaveragestudent，butnotanaverageperson.adj.一般的④Thehotelaverages50to100foreignguestsdaily.v.平均为实力提升——完成语段⑤Therewere90studentsgettingfullmarksintheexam，anaverageof18studentsineachclass.Tom'swasaboveaveragewhileJohn'swasbelowaverage.在这次考试中有90名学生得到了满分，每个班级平均有18人。汤姆的成果在平均水平之上，而约翰的成果在平均水平之下。6．resultin导致[写作佳句]Thenumberofcarsisincreasingveryrapidly，thusresultinginsomesocialproblems.小汽车的数量快速地增加，因此导致了一些社会问题。[归纳拓展](1)resultfrom由……造成；因……而产生(2)asaresult结果asaresultof由于……的结果withoutresult没有结果；白费[实战演练]基础练透——选词填空(resultin/resultfrom/asaresult/asaresultof)①Asaresult，humanscanperformverycomplextaskswiththeirhands.(2024·高考江苏卷)②Asaresultofmoreandmorepollution，manyspeciesaredyingout.③Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.④Thefactthatheislateforworkresultsfromthetrafficjam.实力提升——完成句子⑤Misunderstandingsresultingfromlackofsocialcommunication，ifnothandledproperly，mayleadtoseriousproblems.(分词短语作定语)由于缺乏社交而产生的误会，假如处理不当，可能会导致严峻的问题。[实战贴士]resultin的主语是“起因”，宾语是“结果”；resultfrom的主语是“结果”，宾语是“起因”。7．putupwith容忍；忍受[写作佳句]CommercialadvertisementisoneofthethingswehavetoputupwithwhenwatchingTV.商业广告是我们在看电视时不得不忍受的东西之一。[归纳拓展]putup举起；张贴；搭建；供应(食宿)putaside储蓄；存……备用；节约(时间、钱)putforward提出(看法、建议)puton表演；上演(戏剧)；增(肥)；戴上putoff推迟；延期[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空①Puttingasidehisdisappointment，hesmiledandpraisedthewinner.②ThesportsmeetingwhichistotakeplacethisFridayhastobeputoffbecauseoftheheavyrainthesedays.实力提升——完成句子③Inthatcase，wewillhavetolearntoputupwithsomeofhisshortcomingsandtrytodiscoverhisadvantages.既然那样，我们将不得不学会忍受他的一些缺点并尝试发觉他的优点。④Asuggestionhasbeenputforwardthatweshouldrecyclethetextbooks.有人提出建议，我们应当循环利用教科书。8．so/aslongas“只要”，引导条件状语从句[教材原句]ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit—ifnot，turnitoff!只要你在运用电器设备，你便可以让它开着。假如不用就把它关掉！[归纳拓展](1)so/aslongas只要，引导条件状语从句，假如主句用将来时，从句多用一般现在时。(2)aslongas还可译为“长达，和……一样长，和……一样许久”，多用于确定句。(3)aswellas也；和asfaras就……而言；远至[实战演练]基础练透——单句语法填空/补全句子①Aswellaswriting(write)stories，Ilovereadingandlisteningtomusic.②Reinaplaysfootballaswellas(和……一样好)hisbrotherandplanstokeeponplayingfootballaslongas(尽可能长)possible，so/aslongas(只要)heisfitenoughtodoso.实力提升——句型转换③Aslongasyoukeepstudyinghard，youcanimproveyourmaths.(onconditionthat)→Onconditionthatyoukeepstudyinghard，youcanimproveyourmaths.[实战贴士]引导条件状语从句的连词还有：if，unless，once，supposing，suppose，provided，providing，onconditionthat等。授课提示：对应学生用书第187页[教材与高考]Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词1．阅读词汇认知①(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.vi.消耗②(2024·高考浙江卷)ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth，aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread，“GiveWhatYouCan，TakeWhatYouNeed.”立起来③(2024·高考北京卷)Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas，whilereducingitinotherspots，leadingtochangesintheocean'sappearance.vt.加强④(2024·高考浙江卷)Someimmigrantadvocatesworrythatashardfinancialtimesmakeitmoredifficultfornativestokeepjobs，suchmeasureswillbecomemoreavehicleforintolerancethanintegration(融合)．n.支持者2．一词多义(重庆卷)Youmayexperiencemilddiscomfortasyoubegintoexerciseregularly，butthisisyourbodyadaptingtothepositivechangesinyourlifestyleandtheachesshoulddisappearrelativelyquickly.CA．温柔的；和善的 B．和煦的C．稍微的Ⅱ.语言运用高频点1．语法填空①(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)WhileItendtobuy(buy)alotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.②(2024·高考江苏卷)LoveFone，acompanythatadvocatesrepairing(repair)cellphonesratherthanabandoningthem，openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2024.③(2024·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Theresearchersexpectthatthesmartkeyboardwillreachconsumers(consume)soon.④(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Thisisquiteimportant，becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment(commit)．⑤(2024·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Beforethe1830s，mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptions(subscribe)inAmerica，usually$8to$10ayear.2．完形填空①(2024·高考江苏卷)Whenhebeganpracticing，hetookitvery50.Buthequicklyfoundthathelovedplayingthisinstrument，andwascommittedtoprac